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29,922 Article Results

Improvement of DSIM control using fuzzy third-order sliding mode approach optimized by MOA

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2321-2331
Rahma Belkaid , Lamia Youb , Farid Naceri , Ghoulem Allah Boukhalfa
This study focuses on the contribution of a new hybrid controller based on the sliding mode technique associated with fuzzy logic and optimized by an innovative approach called the mayfly optimization algorithm (MOA) to improve the drive of the dual star induction motor (DSIM). The performance and robustness of this system are analyzed under different operating conditions with three proposed strategies and compared with each other under the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Through the simulation results obtained, we realize that the method that integrates the MOA with a hybrid controller associating the third order sliding mode with fuzzy logic (MOA-FTOSMC) makes a significant contribution to research work in this field and offers the best dynamic performance and adequately manages the uncertainty and variation of the system parameters under different operating regimes.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2321-2331
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Modelling and analysis of linear DC motor with constant thrust characteristics

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2212-2223
Raja Nor Firdaus Kashfi Raja Othman , Siti Zulaika Mat Isa , Nor Aishah Md. Zuki , Suhairi Rizuan Che Ahmad , Fairul Azhar Abdul Shukor , Md. Nazri Othman
This paper introduces a portable and user-friendly innovation in food processing by replacing traditional molding methods with a linear DC motor (LDM). Traditional methods, which involve manual pressing, are energy-intensive and time-consuming, reducing productivity. The proposed LDM offers a simple, cost-effective, and robust solution capable of producing constant thrust, unlike conventional LDMs that require complex and expensive control methods and are limited to short displacements. The research focuses on modelling and analyzing an LDM with constant thrust characteristics for food processing applications. The primary objective is to model the thrust using the permeance analysis method (PAM), ensuring constant thrust capability. Verification was conducted using the finite element method (FEM) and measurement results, showing a percentage difference of 1.7% and 6.5%, respectively, between PAM and the other methods. The study provides valuable guidance for designing LDMs with constant thrust capabilities, enhancing the efficiency and practicality of food processing devices.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2212-2223
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Interleaved buck converter using a floating dual series-capacitor topology

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2538-2548
Chan Viet Nguyen , Dang Tai Nguyen , Thanh Phuong Ho
Interleaved buck converters (IBC) are widely utilized in step-down voltage applications due to their excellent performance and straightforward design. However, conventional IBCs require individual current sensors and feedback control circuits to maintain phase current balance, resulting in increased cost and design complexity. In this paper, a novel floating dual series capacitor (FDSC) converter based on an interleaved floating structure is proposed. The most distinctive aspect of this proposed converter is its ability to naturally balance the four inductor currents without the need for any current sensors or feedback control. Furthermore, the proposed converter also exhibits lower voltage stress on switching devices and inductors, contributing to improved efficiency and a reduction in overall magnetic volume. To validate the performance characteristics of the proposed converter, a 1.3 kW prototype of the FDSC topology was developed and tested to indicate the analytical results and demonstrate stable current balance even under different operating conditions. The experimental validation highlights the topology’s suitability for high step-down, compact, and efficient applications such as EV auxiliary power supply and voltage regulator modules.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2538-2548
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Study of asymmetrical-multi level inverter using two switching angle techniques

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2570-2581
Dewan Ashikur Rahaman , Tapan Kumar Chakraborty
An inverter is a device that transforms DC power into AC power. Inverters can be categorized into single-level inverters and multilevel inverters. This paper discusses two controlled strategies-equal step angle and sinusoidal switching angle-for a multilevel inverter, highlighting their effectiveness in harmonic mitigation as the number of voltage levels increases. The simulation software used to generate 3-15 level voltage outputs is PSIM, which allows for the adjustment of switching angles based on both equal step and sinusoidal switching values. Various types of DC sources are connected to H-bridge units, with MOSFET driving signals applied via gating blocks. The study demonstrates a notable reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD) when the switching angles are altered in equal and sinusoidal steps. Initially, the output signal generates a square wave without a filter. However, after implementing an LC filter, the output voltage signal more closely resembles an AC signal, and THD values are further reduced. Additionally, the output voltage signal's fast Fourier transform (FFT) is presented.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2570-2581
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Eco-friendly innovation: green energy empowered by IoT

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp903-911
Nikita Amoli , Jitendra Singh , Rahul Mahala , Rajesh Singh , Anita Gehlot , Mahim Raj Gupta
Energy demand is high globally, impacting daily life and promoting sustainable modernization. Goal 9 aims to build an elastic framework for economies, while Goal 15 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasizes the preservation of terrestrial environment, sustainable woodland management, and biodiversity conservation. The International Energy Agency predicts a significant increase in global renewable capacity, with solar PV being two-third of this growth. Green technology is crucial to combat global warming and Industry 4.0, a digital transformation that aims to create a strong framework for sustainable modernization. The growth of the smart grid is vital, involving energy sources, control techniques, computation, generation, transmission, distribution, and more. Supercapacitors store and deliver energy at high capacity, while green energy transforms fossil fuels into eco-friendly sources using natural resources like hydro, solar, wind, thermal, and biomass. This study explores the efficient use of microprocessors in solar and wind energy, as well as the application of actuators in the green energy sector. Green energy is a sustainable solution to increasing energy needs, reducing dependence on fossil fuels. IoT technologies, including sensors, actuators, microprocessors, and microcontrollers, are used in energy generation, transmission, distribution, and composition.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 903-911
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Effect on saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on various vegetable oils on droplet combustion characteristic

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp980-987
Dony Perdana , Muhamad Nur Rohman , Mochamad Choifin
Vegetable oils have composed of triglycerides, which one consist of 3 fatty acids combined with glycerol. Each saturated and unsaturated fatty acid has a different effect on burning characteristics. This study aimed to investigated effect of fatty acids at ceiba pentandra and jatropha oils on the flame behavior of the droplet combustion process. The combustion characteristic was observed by an ignited droplet at the junction using a thermocouple and a high-speed camera (120 fps). Results showed that a higher saturated fatty acid content resulted in long-life and steady flames. This is because more oleic and linoleic acid carbon atoms leave the droplet area and react with air. Jatropha oil produces a higher temperature of 780 °C than ceiba pentandra oil. Temperature of a vegetable oils flame is influenced by number of carbon chains, double bond, and heating value. Ceiba pentandra oil has a higher burning rate of 0.185 mm/s than jatropha oil at 0.155 mm/s. The chain content of polyunsaturated fatty acids has significant effect on rate of combustion, which is due to the weak van der Waals dispersion forces, such that heat absorption is more active and energetic. The highest flame height for ceiba pentandra oil is 55.03 mm compared to for jatropha oil it is 46.82 mm. Long-chain unsaturated double bonds and glycerol cause micro-explosions. This micro-explosion caused the shape of the flame to split and expand so that evaporation occurred faster, thus increasing the size of the flame.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 980-987
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Integration and optimization of grid through ANN-based solar MPPT and battery

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp988-998
Kolli Sujran , Ankala Sirisha , Ganapaneni Swapna , Malligunta Kiran Kumar , Kambhampati Venkata Govardhan Rao
Integration of solar energy into the grid is the most important aspect for achieving sustainable energy systems. This paper presents an artificial neural network-based maximum power point tracking (ANN-MPPT) system with battery storage to enhance grid efficiency. The proposed ANN-MPPT is dynamically adapted to the varying irradiance and temperature, hence ensuring optimal power extraction from the photovoltaic system. Excess energy is stored in batteries during high solar radiation and discharged when solar generation is low or grid demand is high, maintaining a stable power supply. This system enhances the grid performance in terms of supporting real-time energy exchange, load balancing, and grid stability. Efficient management of the energy fluctuations ensures reliability even at times of grid failures. Further, integration of ANN-based MPPT with battery storage reduces dependence on non-renewable sources and harmonizes solar energy utilization. It can be achieved through enabling smarter energy management and thus contributing to the resilience and efficiency of a grid for better integration of renewable energies. The proposed system can tolerate fluctuating grid demands apart from supporting the features of smart grid, hence viable for increasing stability and sustainability in the grid.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 988-998
Publish at: 2025-12-01

A hybrid one step voltage-adjustable transformerless inverter for a one-phase grid incorporation of wind and solar power

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp951-959
Bonigala Ramesh , Madhubabu Thiruveedula , Rahul Inumula , C. Poojitha Reddy , Mohammad Abdul Khadar , K. Sri Sai Hareesh
This paper presents a hybrid one-step voltage-adjustable transformerless inverter designed to efficiently integrate both solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy sources into a single-phase grid. The primary objective is to enhance power conversion efficiency while minimizing system complexity and cost. The proposed architecture combines a buck-boost DC-DC converter with a full-bridge inverter in a compact and modular design, enabling voltage regulation across a wide input range typical of hybrid renewable systems. By grounding the PV negative terminal, the system effectively eliminates leakage currents and ensures compliance with IEEE harmonic standards. The inverter operates with reduced switching losses and supports multiple operational modes tailored for variable solar and wind conditions. Simulation of a 300 W prototype demonstrates reliable performance, achieving a total harmonic distortion (THD) below 1%, validating its compatibility with grid requirements. Key contributions include the development of a unified topology for hybrid energy sources, in-depth analysis of energy storage components, and implementation of efficient modulation strategies. This work addresses significant challenges in renewable energy integration and provides a scalable solution for next-generation grid-connected hybrid power systems.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 951-959
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Implementation of a network intrusion detection system for man-in-the-middle attacks

10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp3913-3927
Kennedy Okokpujie , William A. Abdulateef-Adoga , Oghenetega C. Owivri , Adaora P. Ijeh , Imhade P. Okokpujie , Morayo E. Awomoy
Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are critical tools designed to detect and prevent unauthorized access and potential network threats. While IDS is well-established in traditional wired networks, deploying them in wireless environments presents distinct challenges, including limited computational resources and complex infrastructure configurations. Packet sniffing and man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks also pose significant threats, potentially compromising sensitive data and disrupting communication. Traditional security measures like firewalls may not be sufficient to detect these sophisticated attacks. This paper implements a network intrusion detection system that monitors a computer network to detect Address Resolution Protocol spoofing attacks in real-time. The system comprises three host machines forming the network. Using Kali Linux, a bash script is deployed to monitor the network for signs of address resolution protocol (ARP) poisoning. An email alert system is integrated into the bash script, running in the background as a service for the network administrator. Various ARP spoofing attack scenarios are performed on the network to evaluate the efficiency of the network IDS. Results indicate that deploying IDS as a background service ensures continuous protection against ARP spoofing and poisoning. This is crucial in dynamic network environments where threats may arise unexpectedly.
Volume: 15
Issue: 6
Page: 6027-6042
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Asymmetrical nine-level hybrid multilevel inverter design and analysis for electric vehicle applications

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp1023-1034
Gerri Ratnaiah , Ramya Ganesan
A novel type of single-phase hybrid multilevel inverter (HMLI) is proposed in this paper. A hybrid system is made up of a multilevel inverter coupled to an H-bridge unit and which can generate nine-level output. To synthesize an output voltage waveform with nine steps, this setup uses merely seven power switches, two diodes, and two DC supplies. A greater number of steps were achieved in output voltage through suggested circuit with a smaller number of components than other existing multilevel inverter (MLI) topologies. A finer output waveform that is closer to a sinusoidal shape is produced with less total harmonic distortion (THD) because of the greater number of steps in the output voltage. Furthermore, it prolongs the switches' lifetime and lowers the voltage stress across them, increasing reliability. In addition, the system produces fewer switches than necessary, resulting in lower power losses and increased efficiency. This guarantees the suggested system's small size and inexpensive cost. A comparison between the suggested topology and the most current MLI topologies has been conducted to highlight the key components of the proposed topology. The suggested topology has been controlled using three distinct controlling schemes are phase disposition-pulse width modulation (PD-PWM), phase opposition disposition-PWM (POD-PWM), and alternative phase opposition disposition-PWM (APOD-PWM).
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 1023-1034
Publish at: 2025-12-01

PD characteristics of polymer insulation for inverted-fed drives under sine and square waveforms

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp893-902
S. Narasimha Rao , Elanseralathan Kasinathan , Ramanujam Sarathi
In recent years, adjustable speed drives power by power electronic converters have caused insulation failure in the electrical motors with stator windings. The repeating impulse voltages produced by IGBTs created insulation reliability problems in the stator winding. Overvoltage can cause partial discharge (PD), which can rapidly result in insulation system failure. To address this issue, IEC standards and technical specifications (TS) necessitate that a PD test on the motor insulation system is done at sinusoidal and square voltages. The PD characteristics obtained are used to evaluate insulation performance, enhancing insulation design. This work focuses on the PD characterization of twisted pair samples using high frequency sine and square waveforms at room temperature. The PD characteristics were investigated at 50 Hz, 1 kHz, 2.4 kHz, and 5 kHz. The result shows that there are fewer PD events with lower PD magnitudes and shorter delay times at higher frequencies. Further, at different temperatures of 30 °C, 60 °C, and 90 °C, the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) of twisted pair insulation was investigated using high-frequency sine and square waveforms. The results show that the corona inception voltage (CIV) (kV) decreases as ambient temperature increases. Furthermore, the conditions for PD occurrence in the insulation system were analyzed at higher switching frequencies. The electric field distribution of twisted pairs with a 0 mm air gap was modeled from 50 Hz to 5 kHz switching frequency using COMSOL software.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 893-902
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Optimize the position of the distributed generator and capacitor bank in the distributed grid to minimize the generation cost

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp970-979
Ngoc An Luu , Dinh Chung Phan
In this paper, we focus on determining the optimal position and size of multi-distributed generators and capacitor banks to minimize the generation cost of a distributed grid. The optimal position and size of distributed generators and capacitor banks are determined using a hybrid of conventional loss sensitivity factor and an improved one. The proposed algorithm has two stages. For each distributed generator, we prioritize its position and size. After that, we find the optimal position and size of the capacitor banks corresponding to this distributed generator installation to minimize the power loss. After considering all distributed generators, the optimal number, position, and size of the distributed generators and capacitor banks are determined based on the minimum generation cost value. This idea is developed in MATLAB and verified via sample distributed grids, including the IEEE-69 bus and IEEE-85 bus. The verifying results are evaluated and analyzed. By comparing those results to those of other methods, the performance of the newly introduced method is proven.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 970-979
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Review of NLP in EMR: abbreviation, diagnosis, and ICD classification

10.11591/ijict.v14i3.pp881-891
Nurul Anis Balqis Iqbal Basheer , Sharifalillah Nordin , Sazzli Shahlan Kasim , Azliza Mohd Ali , Nurzeatul Hamimah Abdul Hamid
This review explores state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) methods applied to electronic medical records (EMRs) for key tasks such as expanding medical abbreviations, automated diagnosis generation, international classification of diseases (ICD) classification, and explaining model outcomes. With the growing digitization of healthcare data, the complexity of EMR analysis presents a significant challenge for accurate and interpretable results. This paper evaluates various methodologies, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and potential for improving clinical decision-making. Special attention is given to abbreviation expansion as a crucial step for disambiguating terms in the clinical text, followed by an exploration of auto-diagnosis models and ICD code assignment techniques. Finally, interpretability methods like integrated gradients and attention-based approaches are reviewed to understand model predictions and their applicability in healthcare. This review aims to provide a comprehensive guide for researchers and practitioners interested in leveraging NLP for clinical text analysis.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 881-891
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Spth-FCM: decision support tool for speech therapist based on fuzzy cognitive mapping

10.11591/ijict.v14i3.pp845-859
Maziz Asma , Taouche Cherif
The development and integration of medical information systems into a unified information space is a significant focus in the field of information technologies. It is essential to develop decision support systems (DSS) to enhance the effectiveness of medical and diagnostic procedures. This article presents a novel decision support tool for speech therapists, which is based on fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM). The latter is a method of modeling complex systems using knowledge of human existence and experience. The proposed tool is composed of three phases. The first phase focuses on entering patient information into the graphical interface developed in JAVA based on the most precise observations. An FCM will be automatically constructed, describing the type of disorder and the patient’s case during the second phase. Finally, in the third phase, FCM-based scenarios were built during the execution of the inference process under FCM expert. The system is presented and demonstrated using a real cases study for eight weeks. The results show that the tool makes it possible to display, guide, assist, and confirm the medical decision of the speech therapist for an appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 845-859
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Bidirectional AC/DC converter connecting AC and DC microgrids for smart grids

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2549-2561
Nguyen Van Dung , Nguyen The Vinh
This paper proposes a converter connecting two independent AC and DC microgrids in a flexible microgrid and smart grid system. With this converter, basic DC/DC converter types such as Flyback are used to develop the power circuit and controller for the converter that is capable of integrating the operating functions for the operation between microgrids. The converter uses bidirectional switching locking technology to simplify the control algorithm. The energy is converted in two directions, AC/DC and DC/AC, with different working principles of increasing and decreasing voltage according to the standards of the distribution grid and DC microgrid. The TDH value is significantly limited when using the recovery circuit solution. The converter is designed, simulated based on OrCAD software, and tested with a capacity in the range of 2-10 kW. The DC microgrid output voltage is 400 VDC, voltage is 220 VAC.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2549-2561
Publish at: 2025-12-01
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