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29,922 Article Results

Design of a static synchronous compensator for the north-south high-speed railway system

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2369-2380
An Thi Hoai Thu Anh , Tran Hung Cuong
The modern high-speed rail system plays a crucial role in driving the nation’s economic development. The problem of voltage imbalance caused by intermittent load movements is a significant challenge for energy management and distribution. When electric trains are connected to the three-phase grid, power quality degradation occurs, resulting in distortion and imbalance of the three-phase grid current and voltage, which in turn increases operating costs. This paper has proposed a linear control method using a PI controller for a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to directly control the amount of reactive power loss for electric trains. This solution will also bring good and stable voltage quality to electric trains so that electric trains can operate for a long time. The STATCOM device in this paper is a three-phase voltage source converter with a simple structure and can be easily controlled. This is considered a simple and effective solution to balance voltage, improve power factor, and enhance harmonic quality for railway trains, thereby achieving an optimal operating solution. This discussion can be simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software to determine the operation and control steps for STATCOM, thereby improving the quality of the power system. The simulation results of current, voltage, and reactive power response are presented. The simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm successfully achieves the set goals of ensuring voltage stability and providing the necessary amount of reactive power for the train, thereby improving the quality of the power grid for the North-South high-speed train in Vietnam.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2369-2380
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Advanced thermal modeling of lithium-ion batteries: foundations for advanced capacity prediction

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2699-2710
Abdelhadi Elkake , El Mehdi Laadissi , Meriem Mossaddek , Tabine Abdelhakim , Abdelowahed Hajajji
Thermal modeling of lithium-ion batteries is crucial for optimizing their performance and reliability in applications such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems. This study introduces a novel thermal modeling framework to predict internal battery temperature as a function of current and ambient temperature. Three advanced methodologies, NN-LM, NN-BR, and GPM, were evaluated using drive cycle data across temperatures that vary from -20 °C to 25 °C. Among these, Gaussian process modeling (GPM) demonstrated the highest accuracy with an RMSE of 0.034%, while NN LM achieved an RMSE of 0.083%, offering a computationally efficient alternative suitable for real-time applications. The developed thermal model establishes a foundation for future research aimed at predicting battery capacity by incorporating the effects of internal temperature. Furthermore, accurate monitoring of internal temperature is critical for preventing thermal runaway by enabling early detection of unsafe thermal conditions. This work establishes a robust foundation for future research, aiming to develop real-time capacity prediction models, ultimately enhancing battery management systems under diverse operating conditions.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2699-2710
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Enhanced incremental conductance MPPT method for maximizing photovoltaic power generation

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2757-2767
Asnil Asnil , Refdinal Nazir , Krismadinata Krismadinata , Muhammad Nasir
This research proposes an enhanced maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm that integrates the variable step size (VSS) method to significantly improve power extraction from photovoltaic (PV) systems. The primary objective is to optimize performance under dynamic environmental conditions. Through comprehensive experimental studies, the proposed algorithm’s performance was evaluated and directly compared against conventional incremental conductance (INC) and perturb and observe (P&O) algorithms. The results demonstrate a substantial increase in power generation, with the proposed algorithm delivering 18.79% more power compared to INC and 39.67% more power than P&O. These findings underscore the efficacy of the developed algorithm at improving the efficiency and robustness of PV power generation, particularly in variable operating environments.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2757-2767
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Design and implementation of digital logic for brushless DC motor control in electric vehicles

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2143-2155
Belwin J. Brearley , K. Regin Bose , K. Ganesh Kumar
In today's world, the rise in global warming is driving a shift towards electric mobility. The progress in battery technology and power electronic devices has facilitated the transition of vehicles from being powered by traditional internal combustion engines to electric motors. The types of motors utilized for propulsion include DC motors, three-phase induction motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), and brushless DC motors (BLDC). Among them, the BLDC motor, when paired with a suitable control algorithm, proves to be the most suitable option for electric vehicle applications. The existing control algorithms for BLD motors are quite complex. Therefore, this study presents the development of an innovative and simple digital control algorithm based on a combinational logic circuit to drive the BLDC motor under motoring and regenerative braking mode. The proposed control algorithm and its effectiveness are validated by simulating it using Xilinx & Proteus software and experimenting with the concept in hardware by utilizing a PIC microcontroller. The proposed control algorithm forms a cost-effective alternative for BLDC motor speed control.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2143-2155
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Novel fractional order sinusoidal oscillators using operational trans resistance amplifier

10.12928/telkomnika.v23i6.27250
Battula; University College of Engineering Kakinada Tirumala Krishna , Vanitha; GITAM University Kakollu , Manchala; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada Madhusudhan Prasad
The design of fractional order circuits in very large-scale integration (VLSI) domain is gaining the interest of many researchers. At the same time design of fractional circuits using the current mode devices is attracting the research community. In this paper, several possible fractional order sinusoidal oscillators using operational trans resistance amplifier (OTRA) as a basic building block is presented. The necessary condition for the frequency of oscillation and condi tion for oscillations is derived. Fractional order operator sα is the most crucial one to be approximated. In this paper, the fractional order element is approxi mated by the continued fraction expansion (CFE). The approximation is carried out up to fifth order. The circuits are tested with the simulation software named LTspice. The results agree with the theoretical one. The proposed circuits of fers a frequency of 15 MHz, 20 MHz, and 25 MHz which is higher in value as compared to the existing circuits. The proposed circuits finds applications in bio medical, communication circuits.
Volume: 23
Issue: 6
Page: 1635-1645
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Hybrid intelligent optimization algorithms-based power management for microgrid system

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2665-2676
R. Indumathi , S. A. Lakshmanan
The integration of the photovoltaic (PV) and wind sources of power in microgrids is a beneficial method toward decentralized, efficient, and sustainable energy management. This research endeavors to develop and implement a novel hybrid control strategy that efficiently combines grey wolf optimization (GWO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms for the optimization of renewable energy-based microgrids. The proposed method addresses three critical tasks under one integrated control mechanism: i) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV and wind systems under fluctuating environmental conditions, ii) smart management of energy storage systems for batteries, and iii) adaptive load scheduling based on real-time availability of energy. By leveraging the complementary strengths of GWO and PSO, the system enjoys improved convergence rate, global search, and decision-making robustness. The hybrid controller is tested and validated through thorough testing in MATLAB/Simulink under dynamic simulation scenarios that mimic sudden weather and load variations. Comparative performance with conventional methods and benchmarking based on IEEE 516 standards demonstrates the improved reliability, responsiveness, and energy efficiency of the proposed system. This research contributes to the state-of-the-art of intelligent microgrid control through an integrated, bio-inspired solution toward resilient and optimized energy management.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2665-2676
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Dehydration of Moringa leaves using microcontroller and IoT controlled electrical dryer

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2688-2698
Saifuddin Muhammad Jalil , Abubakar Dabet , Syarifah Akmal , Selamat Meliala , Muhammad Muhammad
The dehydration of Moringa Oleifera leaves is crucial to preserving their high nutritional value and extending shelf life for use in food and pharmaceutical applications. Traditional drying methods often result in nutrient degradation and lack precise environmental control. This study presents the design and implementation of an internet of things (IoT)- enabled electrical dryer system controlled by a microcontroller for the efficient dehydration of Moringa leaves. The system integrates temperature and humidity sensors, an Arduino Mega microcontroller, and a web-based interface for real-time monitoring and control. The electrical dryer maintains optimal drying conditions, significantly reducing moisture content while preserving essential nutrients. Data is logged and visualized through IoT connectivity, allowing for remote access and performance analysis. The dehydration of Moringa leaves requires approximately one kg of electricity for batteries in dual-energy dryers, which are based on microcontrollers and the IoT. The results demonstrate that the proposed system offers a reliable, energy-efficient, and scalable solution for the controlled dehydration of Moringa leaves, with potential applications in smart agriculture and postharvest processing. The excellent drying time is achieved in a greenhouse dryer, which maintains a temperature of 45 °C within the drying chamber, resulting in a median drying time of 6 hours. The standard moisture percentage of clean and dry Moringa leaves is measured at 18.5% (wb) and 8% (wb), respectively.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2688-2698
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Time-domain performance of QBC with self-lift circuit

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2491-2499
Subbulakshmy Ramamurthi , Palani Velmurugan , Shobana Devendiren , Soundarapandiyan Manivannan
This study examines the performance of a high-gain quadratic boost converter (QBC) coupled with a self-lift circuit under two control methodologies: sliding mode control (SMC) and fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) control. The QBC topology is used because it can boost voltage significantly, which is especially useful for renewable energy applications. Simulation studies show that both controllers can control the output voltage of the converter, but the FOPID controller works better in dynamic situations. In particular, it makes settling happen faster, cuts down on overshoot, and lowers steady-state error compared to the SMC method. The overall results show that the FOPID controller is a good choice for improving stability and transient response. This makes it a good choice for advanced high-performance power electronic systems.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2491-2499
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Fault diagnosis for inverter open circuit faults using DC-link signal and random forest-based technique

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2178-2185
Hoang-Giang Vu , Dang Toan Nguyen
Three-phase voltage source inverters based on insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are widely used in various industrial applications. Faults in IGBTs significantly affect the performance of the inverter and entire system. Robust and accurate fault detection are the key requirements of fault diagnosis methods. This paper explores a method for diagnosing power switch open circuit faults of a voltage source inverter based on machine learning algorithms. The diagnosis is performed in two steps, firstly the fault is detected by applying the Random Forest classifier algorithm with the DC-link signal. Next, the fault switch location is performed by additionally using the inverter output AC current signals. The diagnostic results based on simulation data show that the fault can be detected with maximum accuracy. Meanwhile, the accuracy in locating the fault switch is also significantly improved with the additional use of current signals measured at the DC-link. Potential application of electromagnetic field signal is also highlighted for the practical implementation of fault diagnosis.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2178-2185
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Design and DSP-based validation of a cascaded DSOGI-PLL for mitigating grid disturbances

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2605-2614
Ilias En-Naoui , Abdelhadi Radouane , Azeddine Mouhsen , Hamid Yantour
Ensuring a smooth power injection into an electric grid in the presence of imperfections, such as phase disturbances, voltage imbalance, frequency variations, harmonics, and DC offsets, requires fast and robust phase-locked loop (PLL) techniques. Among these, the double second-order generalized integrator (DSOGI)-based PLL is widely used due to its strong performance in challenging grid conditions. However, conventional DSOGI-PLL has limitations in handling DC offsets and harmonic disturbances. To address these challenges, this paper introduces the design of a cascaded DSOGI-PLL that enhances attenuation of DC components and low-order harmonics while maintaining computational simplicity for DSP-based implementation. Experimental validation on a TMS320F28379D DSP platform demonstrates that the proposed scheme achieves synchronization settling within 48 ms even under severely polluted grid conditions, while reducing output unit-vector THD to 0.5% when the input voltage contains 22% THD. These results confirm the cascaded DSOGI-PLL as a significant improvement over conventional PLLs.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2605-2614
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Adaptive ANFIS-based MPPT for PV-powered green ships with high gain SEPIC converter

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2768-2779
G. Jegadeeswari , Rohini Govindaraju , D. Balakumar , D. Lakshmi , S. Marisargunam , M. Batumalay , B. Kirubadurai
To align with global climate goals, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has enforced strict measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry by promoting energy efficiency and cleaner propulsion methods. Ship engines remain major contributors to environmental pollution due to their dependence on fossil fuels and inefficient propulsion systems, highlighting the need for clean and sustainable alternatives. This study aims to design a renewable energy-based marine power system that effectively stores and utilizes solar energy, improving overall efficiency and reducing emissions for process innovation. A hybrid setup was developed using photovoltaic (PV) panels, batteries, and a bidirectional DC-DC converter to enable flexible power flow during both charging and discharging cycles. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm was employed alongside a SEPIC converter to enhance energy extraction from the PV system under dynamic conditions. The integrated system achieved a power extraction efficiency of 97.12%, confirming the effectiveness of the ANFIS-based MPPT strategy and showcasing the viability of intelligent renewable energy solutions in maritime applications.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2768-2779
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Attenuated-chattering global second-order sliding mode load frequency controller for multi-region linked power systems

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2381-2388
Phan-Thanh Nguyen , Cong-Trang Nguyen
In this study, a new chattering-free global second-order sliding mode load frequency controller (CGSOSMLFC) is proposed for multi-region linked power systems (MRLPS). Key achievements of this paper include: i) a new CGSOSMLFC is investigated utilizing only output variables; ii) a global steadiness of the MRLPS is ensured by eliminating the hitting phase in traditional sliding mode control (TSMC), and the undesirable high-frequency vacillation marvel in the control signal is efficiently lessened by utilizing the second-order sliding mode control technique. Firstly, a novel estimator is constructed to conjecture the immeasurable state variables of the MRLPS. Then, an estimator-based CGSOSMLFC is synthesized to force the states of the controlled plant into the anticipated switching surface at an instance time and attenuate the chattering phenomenon in the control indication. Additionally, the total MRLPS’s stability analysis is executed by applying the Lyapunov function theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI), confirming the practicability and reliability of the method. Lastly, simulation outcomes on a three-zone linked power system are furnished to authenticate the usefulness and advantages of the proposed technique.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2381-2388
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Modelling and analysis of linear DC motor with constant thrust characteristics

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2212-2223
Raja Nor Firdaus Kashfi Raja Othman , Siti Zulaika Mat Isa , Nor Aishah Md. Zuki , Suhairi Rizuan Che Ahmad , Fairul Azhar Abdul Shukor , Md. Nazri Othman
This paper introduces a portable and user-friendly innovation in food processing by replacing traditional molding methods with a linear DC motor (LDM). Traditional methods, which involve manual pressing, are energy-intensive and time-consuming, reducing productivity. The proposed LDM offers a simple, cost-effective, and robust solution capable of producing constant thrust, unlike conventional LDMs that require complex and expensive control methods and are limited to short displacements. The research focuses on modelling and analyzing an LDM with constant thrust characteristics for food processing applications. The primary objective is to model the thrust using the permeance analysis method (PAM), ensuring constant thrust capability. Verification was conducted using the finite element method (FEM) and measurement results, showing a percentage difference of 1.7% and 6.5%, respectively, between PAM and the other methods. The study provides valuable guidance for designing LDMs with constant thrust capabilities, enhancing the efficiency and practicality of food processing devices.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2212-2223
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Design and development of AC motor speed controlling system using touch screen with over heat protection

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2429-2440
Prathipati Ratna Sudha Rani , Gouthami Eragamreddy , Syed Inthiyaz , Sivangi Ravikanth , Mohammad Najumunnisa , Bodapati Venkata Rajanna , Cheeli Ashok Kumar , Shaik Hasane Ahammad
Design and implementation of an AC motor speed control and monitoring system based on a touch screen interface with built-in overheat protection, utilizing Arduino, meets the increasing demand for efficient, user-friendly motor control in many industrial applications. This system offers an easy-to-use interface to manage the speed of an AC motor, with real-time feedback and adjustments through a touch screen display. The system employs an Arduino microcontroller, which accepts inputs from the touch screen and processes these to regulate the motor's speed through a pulse width modulation (PWM) method. The system also has an overheat protection system, which it is able to monitor the temperature of the motor via a temperature sensor. When the motor reaches a predetermined temperature, the system automatically shuts off power to avoid damage. The intuitive touch screen facilitates convenient monitoring of motor parameters like temperature, giving a smooth experience to operators. The modular design of the system provides scalability across applications, ranging from household appliances to large industrial systems, with reliability, energy efficiency, and safety in motor-driven processes.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2429-2440
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Support-centric PSO-based fuzzy MPPT tuning for photovoltaic systems under uniform conditions

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2792-2803
Amel Smaili , El-Ghalia Boudissa , M’hamed Bounekhla
Several conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been applied to harvest the optimal power of a photovoltaic (PV) system. However, the main drawbacks of these algorithms are their fluctuations around the maximum power point (MPP) and their dependence on climatic conditions variation. To overcome these issues, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is proposed, where the system performance depends strongly on the choice of membership functions (MFs). They are typically selected by trial and error, which may not always yield the best results. This paper seeks to enhance the efficiency of the traditional FLC method by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for optimizing the supports of the triangular MFs. The simulation was performed using MATLAB-Simulink environment using the "1Soltech 1STH-215-P" PV module and a single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) converter, under ideal environmental conditions of 25 °C and 1000 W/m². A comparison is established between PSO-optimized FLC and the standard FLC-based MPPT method, as well as with several other state-of-the-art approaches reported in related research. The simulation data present that the PSO-optimized FLC approach outperforms other algorithms.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2792-2803
Publish at: 2025-12-01
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