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14
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Feb
r
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20
25
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with
h
ig
h
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics,
to
b
e
a
g
o
o
d
ex
am
p
le
o
f
cr
ea
tin
g
a
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
h
av
in
g
a
co
n
s
cien
ce
is
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
an
d
g
o
o
d
s
o
cial
b
eh
av
io
r
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
.
Ad
ap
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
as
a
m
o
r
al
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
m
ak
es
h
u
m
an
s
awa
r
e
o
f
th
eir
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
with
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
Hu
m
an
s
th
in
k
,
b
eh
av
e,
an
d
tr
ea
t
n
atu
r
e
eth
ically
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
Ma
n
y
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
h
av
e
ad
o
p
ted
d
o
cu
m
en
ts
d
ec
lar
in
g
an
eth
ical
o
b
lig
atio
n
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
in
all
th
eir
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
.
At
th
e
n
atio
n
al
lev
el,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
s
h
o
u
ld
in
clu
d
e
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
th
is
o
b
lig
atio
n
in
th
eir
co
d
es o
f
co
n
d
u
ct
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
is
is
a
m
atter
o
f
g
r
ea
t im
p
o
r
tan
ce
an
d
n
ec
ess
ity
f
o
r
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
cu
r
r
icu
la
an
d
teac
h
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
to
cr
ea
te
g
o
o
d
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
h
u
m
an
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
Fro
m
th
e
ex
p
lan
atio
n
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
et
h
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
s
u
r
v
ey
f
o
r
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
at
th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
Stu
d
ies,
Facu
lty
o
f
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
R
eso
u
r
ce
Stu
d
ies,
Ma
h
asar
ak
h
am
Un
iv
er
s
ity
.
T
o
ex
p
lo
r
e
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
o
f
in
d
o
u
t,
th
is
r
esear
ch
aim
s
to
s
tu
d
y
th
e
lev
el
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
b
eh
av
i
o
r
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
An
d
to
s
tu
d
y
an
d
co
m
p
ar
e
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
eth
ics
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t g
e
n
d
er
s
,
an
d
d
if
f
er
e
n
t y
ea
r
lev
els.
T
o
u
s
e
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
f
ac
to
r
s
d
is
co
v
er
ed
as g
u
id
elin
es f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
cr
ea
tin
g
q
u
ality
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
g
r
ad
u
ates
f
o
r
s
o
cie
ty
an
d
co
n
tin
u
e
to
cr
ea
te
a
g
o
o
d
an
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h
co
ncept
ua
l f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
Sev
er
al
s
tep
s
ar
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
a
s
tu
d
y
o
f
th
e
v
ar
ia
b
les
af
f
ec
tin
g
b
ac
h
elo
r
'
s
d
eg
r
ee
s
tu
d
en
ts
'
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
:
elem
en
ts
th
at
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics,
wh
ich
ar
e
c
o
m
p
r
is
ed
o
f
s
ev
en
elem
en
ts
,
s
p
ec
if
ically
:
Per
s
o
n
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
:
g
en
d
er
,
a
g
e,
o
cc
u
p
atio
n
,
p
lace
o
f
liv
i
n
g
,
a
v
o
id
in
g
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t
o
u
t
o
f
f
ea
r
o
f
b
ein
g
d
is
cip
lin
ed
in
th
e
wo
r
l
d
o
f
c
r
im
e
(
s
elf
is
h
,
n
er
v
o
u
s
o
f
i
n
ju
r
y
,
af
r
aid
o
f
g
o
in
g
to
h
ell,
af
r
aid
o
f
k
illi
n
g
)
,
r
ec
eiv
in
g
r
ewa
r
d
s
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
m
o
n
ey
,
a
n
d
s
ee
k
in
g
o
th
e
r
p
eo
p
le'
s
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
(
s
elf
is
h
m
em
b
er
s
o
f
th
e
f
am
ily
wh
o
lik
e
to
b
e
p
r
aised
an
d
b
ac
k
ed
,
ad
h
e
r
e
to
s
o
cial
n
o
r
m
s
(
laws,
r
u
les,
r
eli
g
io
u
s
cu
s
to
m
s
,
an
d
d
u
ties
)
,
f
o
llo
w
th
e
a
g
r
ee
m
en
t
(
b
e
p
r
o
u
d
t
o
b
e
em
b
ar
r
ass
ed
)
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
id
ea
ls
(
h
u
m
an
itar
ian
)
,
an
d
teac
h
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
b
o
t
h
g
e
n
d
er
an
d
ac
a
d
em
ic
y
ea
r
le
v
els
wh
o
d
o
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
a
f
f
ec
t
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
b
ac
h
elo
r
'
s
d
eg
r
ee
s
tu
d
en
ts
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
n
ce
p
tu
al
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
I
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
Dep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
F
a
cto
r
s
a
ffectin
g
en
viro
n
men
t
a
l e
th
ics b
eh
a
vio
r
o
f
u
n
d
erg
r
a
d
u
a
te
s
tu
d
en
ts
(
J
u
n
ka
ew Likh
i
t
)
559
2
.
2
.
P
o
pu
la
t
io
n a
nd
s
a
m
ple g
ro
up
s
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
u
s
ed
wer
e
3
2
9
u
n
d
e
r
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
f
r
o
m
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Pro
g
r
a
m
,
Facu
lty
o
f
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
R
eso
u
r
ce
s
Stu
d
ies,
Ma
h
asar
a
k
h
am
Un
iv
er
s
ity
.
T
h
e
s
am
p
le
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
tu
d
y
wer
e
231
u
n
d
e
r
g
r
a
d
u
ate
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
,
y
ea
r
s
1
to
4
.
T
h
e
y
wer
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
v
o
lu
n
tar
y
s
elec
tio
n
.
2
.
3
.
Resea
rc
h v
a
ria
bles
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
v
ar
ia
b
les
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e:
p
er
s
o
n
al
ch
a
r
ac
ter
i
s
tic
th
at
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
,
g
en
d
er
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
an
d
ac
ad
em
ic
y
ea
r
lev
el.
F
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
eth
ical
b
e
h
av
io
r
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
7
f
ac
to
r
s
:
av
o
id
in
g
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t,
f
ea
r
o
f
d
is
cip
lin
a
r
y
an
d
cr
im
in
al
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t
(
s
elf
is
h
n
ess
,
f
ea
r
o
f
p
ain
,
f
ea
r
o
f
g
o
in
g
t
o
h
ell,
f
ea
r
o
f
b
ein
g
k
illed
)
,
s
ee
k
in
g
r
ewa
r
d
s
(
wan
tin
g
m
ater
ial
th
i
n
g
s
,
m
o
n
ey
as r
ewa
r
d
s
)
,
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
a
p
p
r
o
v
al
o
f
o
th
er
s
(
b
ein
g
s
elf
is
h
,
f
o
r
r
elativ
e
s
,
wan
tin
g
p
r
aise,
ac
ce
p
ta
n
ce
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t)
,
f
o
llo
win
g
s
o
cial
r
u
les
(
laws,
r
u
les,
r
elig
io
u
s
p
r
ac
tices,
d
o
in
g
d
u
ties
)
,
d
o
in
g
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
b
lic,
k
ee
p
i
n
g
p
r
o
m
is
es
(
p
r
id
e,
s
h
am
e)
,
an
d
ad
h
er
in
g
to
id
ea
ls
.
Gen
d
er
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
o
f
th
e
s
a
m
p
le
s
tu
d
en
ts
wer
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
m
ale
an
d
f
em
ale
b
y
th
e
r
esear
ch
e
r
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
in
ac
ad
em
ic
y
ea
r
lev
el
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
wh
er
e
th
e
p
ar
ticip
ati
n
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
ar
e
f
r
o
m
1
s
t
y
ea
r
to
4
th
y
ea
r
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
v
ar
iab
les
in
clu
d
e
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ic
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
b
ac
h
el
o
r
’
s
d
eg
r
ee
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Pro
g
r
am
,
Fa
cu
lty
o
f
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
an
d
R
eso
u
r
ce
s
Stu
d
ies,
Ma
h
asar
ak
h
am
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
.
2
.
4
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
a
nd
a
na
ly
s
is
We
m
ad
e
an
ap
p
o
i
n
tm
en
t,
a
n
d
clar
if
ied
d
etails
ab
o
u
t
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
f
o
r
m
an
d
ch
an
n
els
f
o
r
ac
ce
s
s
in
g
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
f
o
r
m
to
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
W
e
p
r
ep
a
r
e
a
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
f
ac
to
r
s
a
f
f
ec
tin
g
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
en
tal
et
h
ical
b
eh
a
v
io
r
c
o
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
s
ev
en
f
ac
to
r
s
:
p
er
s
o
n
al
ch
ar
ac
te
r
is
tics
(
g
en
d
e
r
,
ag
e,
ca
r
ee
r
,
d
o
m
icile,
d
o
m
icile)
;
d
o
d
g
in
g
t
h
e
p
u
n
i
s
h
m
en
t
af
r
aid
o
f
b
ein
g
d
is
cip
lin
ed
in
d
is
cip
lin
e
an
d
cr
im
in
al
(
s
elf
is
h
,
af
r
aid
o
f
h
u
r
t,
af
r
ai
d
o
f
g
o
in
g
to
h
e
ll,
af
r
aid
o
f
k
illi
n
g
)
;
r
ewa
r
d
p
u
r
s
u
it
f
ac
to
r
(
n
ee
d
o
b
jects
o
f
m
o
n
ey
as
a
r
ewa
r
d
)
;
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
a
p
p
r
o
v
al
o
f
o
th
er
s
(
s
elf
is
h
f
o
r
r
elativ
es
li
k
e
to
p
r
aise,
ac
ce
p
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t)
;
f
o
llo
w
th
e
d
u
ties
o
f
s
o
cial
r
u
les
(
laws,
r
u
les,
r
elig
i
o
u
s
p
r
ac
tices,
p
er
f
o
r
m
d
u
ties
)
;
d
o
f
o
r
th
e
p
eo
p
le
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
c
o
n
tr
ac
t
(
p
r
o
u
d
t
o
b
e
em
b
ar
r
ass
ed
)
;
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
id
ea
ls
(
h
u
m
an
itar
ian
)
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
u
s
es
a
m
o
d
el
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
a
v
io
r
,
to
co
llect
d
ata
v
ia
th
e
o
n
lin
e
s
y
s
tem
,
u
s
in
g
a
d
ata
co
llectio
n
p
er
i
o
d
o
f
1
m
o
n
th
with
a
s
am
p
le
o
f
2
3
1
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
b
y
v
o
lu
n
tar
ily
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
in
th
e
o
n
lin
e
s
u
r
v
ey
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
t
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
et
h
ical
b
e
h
av
io
r
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
Go
o
g
le
Fo
r
m
.
T
h
e
d
ata
a
n
aly
ze
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
eth
ical
b
e
h
av
io
r
b
y
u
s
in
g
s
tatis
tical
m
eth
o
d
s
to
test
th
e
h
y
p
o
th
esis
.
T
h
e
d
ata
is
an
aly
ze
d
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
in
f
lu
en
ce
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
u
s
in
g
s
tatis
tical
m
eth
o
d
s
to
test
th
e
h
y
p
o
th
esis
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
3
.
1
.
L
ev
el
a
na
l
y
s
is
o
f
f
a
ct
o
rs a
f
f
ec
t
ing
env
iro
n
m
ent
a
l e
t
h
ica
l beha
v
io
r
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
lev
el
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
i
o
r
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
ar
e
c
lass
if
ied
b
y
f
ac
to
r
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
f
ac
to
r
th
at
af
f
ec
ts
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
th
e
m
o
s
t
is
th
e
f
ac
to
r
o
f
d
o
i
n
g
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
b
lic
an
d
f
u
lf
illi
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
m
is
e
was e
q
u
al
to
4
.
8
6
.
Fo
llo
wed
b
y
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
al
id
ea
l
ad
h
er
en
ce
f
ac
t
o
r
(
=4
.
2
2
)
,
p
e
n
alty
av
o
id
an
ce
f
ac
to
r
f
ea
r
o
f
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
an
d
cr
im
in
al
p
en
alties
(
=4
.
1
1
)
,
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
co
n
f
o
r
m
in
g
to
th
e
ap
p
r
o
v
al
o
f
o
th
er
s
(
=4
.
0
2
)
,
r
ewa
r
d
p
u
r
s
u
it
f
ac
to
r
(
=3
.
9
7
)
,
f
ac
t
o
r
s
o
f
d
u
ty
,
a
n
d
r
u
les
o
f
s
o
ciety
(
=3
.
7
4
)
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
f
ac
to
r
th
at
least
af
f
ec
ted
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t'
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
i
ca
l
b
eh
av
io
r
was
th
e
p
er
s
o
n
al
attr
ib
u
te
f
ac
to
r
(
=3
.
4
1
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
;
as sh
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
1
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
An
aly
s
is
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
i
ca
l,
class
if
ied
b
y
a
f
ac
to
r
(
n
=5
)
N
o
.
F
a
c
t
o
r
s a
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
l
e
t
h
i
c
s b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
(
N
=
5
)
̅
SD
1
P
e
r
so
n
a
l
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
(
g
e
n
d
e
r
,
a
g
e
,
c
a
r
e
e
r
,
d
o
m
i
c
i
l
e
,
d
o
mi
c
i
l
e
)
3
.
4
1
0
.
3
1
2
D
o
d
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
u
n
i
s
h
m
e
n
t
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
b
e
i
n
g
d
i
sc
i
p
l
i
n
e
d
i
n
d
i
sc
i
p
l
i
n
e
a
n
d
c
r
i
mi
n
a
l
(
sel
f
i
s
h
,
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
h
u
r
t
,
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
g
o
i
n
g
t
o
h
e
l
l
,
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
k
i
l
l
i
n
g
)
4
.
1
1
0
.
2
0
3
R
e
w
a
r
d
p
u
r
s
u
i
t
(
n
e
e
d
o
b
j
e
c
t
s
o
f
mo
n
e
y
a
s
a
r
e
w
a
r
d
)
3
.
9
7
0.
25
4
F
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
v
a
l
o
f
o
t
h
e
r
s
(
s
e
l
f
i
sh
f
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
v
e
s
l
i
k
e
t
o
p
r
a
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se
,
a
c
c
e
p
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
)
4
.
0
2
0
.
1
0
5
F
o
l
l
o
w
t
h
e
d
u
t
i
e
s
o
f
s
o
c
i
a
l
r
u
l
e
s
(
l
a
w
s
,
r
u
l
e
s,
r
e
l
i
g
i
o
u
s
p
r
a
c
t
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s,
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
d
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t
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s)
3
.
7
4
0.
2
7
6
D
o
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
e
o
p
l
e
t
o
f
o
l
l
o
w
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
a
c
t
(
p
r
o
u
d
t
o
b
e
e
m
b
a
r
r
a
ss
e
d
)
4
.
8
6
0
.
0
4
7
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
d
e
a
l
s
(
h
u
ma
n
i
t
a
r
i
a
n
)
4
.
2
2
0
.
1
8
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
4.
04
0
.
1
6
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
a
r
y
20
25
:
557
-
565
560
F
i
g
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
f
a
ct
o
r
s
af
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
e
t
h
i
c
a
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
u
n
d
e
r
g
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
3
.
2
.
Rela
t
io
ns
hip
a
na
ly
s
is
o
f
f
a
ct
o
rs a
f
f
ec
t
ing
env
iro
n
m
e
nta
l e
t
hica
l beha
v
io
r
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
an
aly
s
is
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
p
er
s
o
n
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
(
g
en
d
e
r
,
ag
e,
ca
r
ee
r
,
d
o
m
icile,
d
o
m
icile)
,
d
o
d
g
e
th
e
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t
af
r
aid
o
f
b
ein
g
d
is
cip
lin
ed
in
d
is
cip
lin
e
an
d
cr
im
in
al
(
s
elf
is
h
,
a
f
r
aid
o
f
h
u
r
t,
af
r
aid
o
f
g
o
in
g
t
o
h
ell,
af
r
aid
o
f
k
illi
n
g
)
,
r
ewa
r
d
p
u
r
s
u
it
f
ac
to
r
(
n
ee
d
o
b
jects
o
f
m
o
n
e
y
as
a
r
ewa
r
d
)
,
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
a
p
p
r
o
v
al
o
f
o
th
er
s
(
s
elf
is
h
;
f
o
r
r
elativ
es
lik
e
to
p
r
aise,
ac
ce
p
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t)
,
f
o
llo
w
th
e
d
u
ties
o
f
s
o
cial
r
u
les
(
laws,
r
u
les,
r
elig
io
u
s
p
r
ac
tices,
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
d
u
ties
)
,
d
o
f
o
r
th
e
p
eo
p
le
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
co
n
tr
ac
t
(
p
r
o
u
d
t
o
b
e
e
m
b
ar
r
ass
ed
)
,
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
id
ea
ls
(
h
u
m
an
itar
ian
)
.
T
h
er
e
was a
co
r
r
elatio
n
(
B
)
o
f
0
.
1
2
9
as sh
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
L
a
d
d
er
ed
m
u
ltip
le
r
e
g
r
ess
io
n
an
aly
s
is
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
et
h
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
N
o
t
e
:
*
p
<
0
.
0
5
3.
3
.
Co
m
pa
riso
n o
f
f
a
ct
o
rs a
f
f
ec
t
ing
env
iro
nm
ent
a
l e
t
hica
l beha
v
io
r
by
g
ender
a
nd
diff
er
ent
y
ea
r
lev
el
A
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
in
f
lu
en
cin
g
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
class
if
ied
b
y
g
en
d
er
an
d
y
ea
r
lev
el,
was
co
n
d
u
cted
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
wh
ile
th
er
e
wer
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
am
o
n
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
b
ased
o
n
g
en
d
er
an
d
y
ea
r
lev
el,
th
e
o
v
er
all
lev
els
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
th
eir
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
e
h
av
io
r
d
id
n
o
t v
ar
y
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
ar
e
d
etailed
in
T
a
b
le
3
.
T
ab
le
3
.
An
aly
s
is
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
u
s
in
g
o
n
e
-
way
ANO
VA
I
n
i
t
i
a
l
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
I
n
i
t
i
a
l
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
SS
df
MS
F
p
G
e
n
d
e
r
(
N
=
2
)
F
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
l
e
t
h
i
c
a
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
b
a
c
h
e
l
o
r
st
u
d
e
n
t
s
0
.
2
3
0
1
0
.
2
4
8
2
.
2
3
8
0
.
3
1
3
Y
e
a
r
l
e
v
e
l
(
N
=
4
)
5
.
4
5
4
3
1
.
8
6
2
2
3
.
1
8
3
0.
1
46
4.
DIS
CU
SS
I
O
N
4
.
1
.
P
er
s
o
na
l c
ha
r
a
ct
er
is
t
ics f
a
ct
o
r
(
g
ender,
a
g
e
,
ca
re
er
,
do
m
icile,
do
m
icile)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
c
o
r
r
ela
tio
n
with
t
h
e
f
ac
t
o
r
s
af
f
ec
ti
n
g
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
’
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
s
aw
th
at
p
er
s
o
n
al
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
e
ct
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
b
e
h
av
i
o
r
.
T
h
is
m
ay
co
m
e
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
B
S
Eb
ß
t
S
i
g
1.
P
e
r
so
n
a
l
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
(
g
e
n
d
e
r
,
a
g
e
,
c
a
r
e
e
r
,
d
o
m
i
c
i
l
e
,
d
o
mi
c
i
l
e
)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
5
6
2
2
3
1
3
0
6
7
0
.
0
.
0
0
0
*
2.
D
o
d
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
u
n
i
s
h
me
n
t
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
b
e
i
n
g
d
i
sci
p
l
i
n
e
d
i
n
d
i
s
c
i
p
l
i
n
e
a
n
d
c
r
i
m
i
n
a
l
(
se
l
f
i
s
h
,
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
h
u
r
t
,
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
g
o
i
n
g
t
o
h
e
l
l
,
a
f
r
a
i
d
o
f
k
i
l
l
i
n
g
)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
6
6
1
7
6
5
5
7
6
7
0
.
0
.
0
0
0
*
3.
R
e
w
a
r
d
p
u
r
s
u
i
t
(
n
e
e
d
o
b
j
e
c
t
s
o
f
mo
n
e
y
a
s
a
r
e
w
a
r
d
)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
2
6
1
9
8
5
6
6
8
5
0
.
0
.
0
0
0
*
4.
F
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
v
a
l
o
f
o
t
h
e
r
s
(
s
e
l
f
i
sh
f
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
v
e
s
l
i
k
e
t
o
p
r
a
i
se
,
a
c
c
e
p
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
1
4
2
1
3
0
8
2
9
1
2
.
2
.
0
0
0
*
5.
F
o
l
l
o
w
t
h
e
d
u
t
i
e
s
o
f
s
o
c
i
a
l
r
u
l
e
s
(
l
a
w
s,
r
u
l
e
s
,
r
e
l
i
g
i
o
u
s
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s,
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
d
u
t
i
e
s)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
3
8
1
9
9
5
7
5
2
1
3
.
7
.
0
0
0
*
6.
D
o
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
e
o
p
l
e
t
o
f
o
l
l
o
w
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
a
c
t
(
p
r
o
u
d
t
o
b
e
e
m
b
a
r
r
a
ss
e
d
)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
5
9
1
0
0
8
6
9
9
8
5
.
2
.
0
0
0
*
7.
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
d
e
a
l
s
(
h
u
ma
n
i
t
a
r
i
a
n
)
0
.
1
2
9
.
0
0
0
0
.
2
4
2
1
9
8
4
6
8
0
1
5
.
1
.
0
0
0
*
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
F
a
cto
r
s
a
ffectin
g
en
viro
n
men
t
a
l e
th
ics b
eh
a
vio
r
o
f
u
n
d
erg
r
a
d
u
a
te
s
tu
d
en
ts
(
J
u
n
ka
ew Likh
i
t
)
561
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
cial
a
n
d
f
am
il
y
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
in
s
till
ed
in
th
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al,
wh
ich
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
b
eh
av
io
r
b
eh
in
d
.
Allp
o
r
t
[
1
6
]
e
x
p
lain
ed
th
at
tr
aits
ar
e
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
f
a
p
er
s
o
n
'
s
n
er
v
o
u
s
s
y
s
tem
.
I
t
i
s
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
e
n
er
v
o
u
s
s
y
s
tem
,
wh
ich
ac
ts
as
a
co
n
tr
o
lled
f
o
r
ce
o
r
v
o
ca
lis
ts
en
co
u
r
ag
e
in
d
iv
id
u
als
to
s
h
o
w
b
eh
av
io
r
th
at
h
elp
s
b
u
ild
c
o
n
f
id
en
ce
,
m
ak
e
o
th
e
r
p
e
o
p
le
f
ee
l
welc
o
m
e,
an
d
m
a
k
e
th
e
f
am
ily
wa
r
m
.
I
f
a
p
er
s
o
n
lack
s
s
o
cial
co
m
p
eten
c
e
tr
aits
,
h
e
o
r
s
h
e
will
b
eh
av
e
in
th
e
wr
o
n
g
way
.
T
h
e
r
e
ar
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
ee
lin
g
s
i
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
itu
atio
n
s
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
ar
e
r
o
les
th
at
d
ir
ec
tly
in
f
lu
en
ce
b
eh
a
v
io
r
.
I
t
h
as
a
s
p
ec
i
al
f
ea
tu
r
e
th
at
ac
ts
to
co
n
t
r
o
l
th
e
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
all
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
in
d
iv
id
u
als
.
E
y
s
en
ck
[
1
7
]
h
av
e
b
ee
n
e
x
p
lain
wh
y
in
d
iv
id
u
als
d
if
f
er
in
p
er
s
o
n
ality
an
d
b
e
h
av
io
r
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
f
o
u
r
im
p
o
r
tan
t
p
er
s
o
n
ality
tr
aits
:
in
tr
o
v
er
s
io
n
b
eh
av
io
r
,
ex
tr
o
v
er
s
io
n
b
eh
av
io
r
,
s
tab
ilit
y
b
eh
av
io
r
,
a
n
d
n
eu
r
o
ticis
m
ten
d
en
cy
.
I
t
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
ac
tiv
ity
in
th
e
n
er
v
o
u
s
s
y
s
tem
o
f
an
in
d
i
v
id
u
al.
T
h
is
ac
tiv
ity
m
o
tiv
ates
th
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al
to
d
e
v
elo
p
i
n
a
ce
r
t
ain
way
.
Fin
ally
,
p
er
s
o
n
ality
is
d
er
iv
e
d
f
r
o
m
an
in
d
iv
id
u
al'
s
g
en
etica
lly
in
h
er
it
ed
n
er
v
o
u
s
s
y
s
tem
.
F
r
o
m
th
e
ex
p
er
ien
ce
th
at
ea
c
h
p
er
s
o
n
h
as
alr
ea
d
y
r
ec
eiv
e
d
,
th
is
is
co
n
s
i
s
ten
t
wi
th
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
f
Sin
h
a
an
d
Mish
r
a
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
tr
aits
an
d
v
al
u
es
h
av
e
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
ac
t
o
n
p
eo
p
le'
s
eth
ical
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
p
er
s
o
n
al
v
alu
e
s
y
s
tem
is
s
ee
n
as
a
r
elativ
ely
p
er
s
is
ten
t
co
g
n
itiv
e
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
,
th
at
d
ete
r
m
in
es
an
d
in
f
l
u
en
ce
s
th
e
g
en
er
al
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
an
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al'
s
b
eh
av
io
r
.
Ho
ltb
r
ü
g
g
e
et
a
l
.
[
1
9
]
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
c
o
n
tr
o
l
cu
ltu
r
e
h
ad
a
g
r
ea
ter
e
f
f
ec
t
o
n
eth
ic
al
attitu
d
es
th
an
o
n
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
,
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
cu
ltu
r
e)
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
a
m
o
d
er
ate
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
ltu
r
e
was
f
o
u
n
d
o
n
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
p
er
s
o
n
ality
tr
aits
(
e.
g
.
co
n
s
cien
tio
u
s
n
ess
an
d
m
o
r
alit
y
)
,
ex
ter
n
al
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
s
,
an
d
attitu
d
es
to
war
d
co
r
p
o
r
ate
m
is
co
n
d
u
ct.
W
e
h
av
e
im
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
h
u
m
an
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t a
n
d
f
u
r
th
e
r
th
eo
r
etica
l d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
4
.
2
.
Do
dg
ing
t
he
pu
nis
hm
ent
a
f
ra
id
o
f
being
dis
cip
lin
e
d
in
d
is
ci
pli
ne
a
n
d
cr
im
ina
l
(
s
elf
is
h,
a
f
ra
id
o
f
hu
rt
,
a
f
ra
id o
f
g
o
ing
t
o
hell,
a
f
ra
id o
f
k
illi
ng
)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
with
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
d
if
f
er
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
s
itu
atio
n
s
th
ey
en
c
o
u
n
ter
e
d
.
It
is
c
o
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
K
o
h
lb
er
g
[
2
0
]
with
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
n
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
o
b
e
y
in
g
o
r
d
er
s
an
d
av
o
id
in
g
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t
.
T
h
e
p
er
s
o
n
m
a
k
in
g
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
is
at
th
is
s
tag
e.
J
u
d
g
es'
ac
tio
n
s
as
g
o
o
d
-
b
ad
or
r
i
g
h
t
-
wr
o
n
g
.
B
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
ac
tio
n
s
th
at
will
af
f
ec
t
th
em
s
elv
es
,
av
o
id
i
n
g
p
h
y
s
ical
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t
f
o
r
f
ea
r
o
f
p
ain
o
b
ey
in
g
th
e
o
r
d
er
s
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
wh
o
h
av
e
p
h
y
s
ical
au
th
o
r
ity
o
v
er
.
P
r
e
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
[
2
1
]
r
e
p
o
r
ted
th
at
in
d
iv
id
u
als
v
a
r
y
co
n
s
id
er
ab
ly
in
th
eir
av
o
id
an
ce
o
f
h
ar
m
f
u
l
ef
f
ec
ts
;
wh
ich
is
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ili
ty
to
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t.
T
h
e
b
asis
o
f
th
is
v
ar
ian
ce
is
q
u
ite
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
.
T
h
e
y
m
ay
b
e
d
r
iv
e
n
b
y
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
in
av
er
s
io
n
s
en
s
itiv
ity
.
R
esear
ch
by
R
awlin
g
s
[
2
2
]
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
tax
k
n
o
wled
g
e
h
ad
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
r
ea
l
estate
in
v
e
s
to
r
s
'
lev
els
o
f
tax
co
m
p
lian
ce
,
lik
ewise,
f
in
es/p
en
alties
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
lev
el
o
f
tax
co
m
p
lian
ce
,
wh
ile
p
er
ce
iv
ed
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
f
o
r
ta
x
ev
asio
n
h
av
e
n
eg
ativ
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
.
4
.
3
.
Rew
a
rd
pu
rsu
it
(
need
o
bje
ct
s
o
f
m
o
ney
a
s
a
re
wa
rd)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
with
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t'
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics.
Mo
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
s
wer
ed
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
a
t
lev
el
4
,
i.e
.
h
ig
h
lev
el,
b
u
t
th
er
e
wer
e
s
till
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
wh
o
wer
e
in
th
e
m
in
o
r
ity
wh
o
an
s
wer
ed
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
at
lev
el
3
an
d
2
,
wh
ich
wer
e
at
m
o
d
er
ate
a
n
d
l
o
w
lev
el.
I
t
d
ep
e
n
d
s
o
n
wh
at
th
e
s
itu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
en
ts
wh
o
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
t
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
at
lev
els
2
an
d
3
v
iewe
d
th
at
th
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
eth
ics
was
s
o
m
eth
in
g
th
at
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
d
o
n
e.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
wh
o
an
s
wer
ed
at
lev
el
4
th
o
u
g
h
t
t
h
at
s
u
ch
ac
tio
n
s
h
ad
to
b
e
r
e
war
d
ed
.
As
well
as
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
Ko
h
lb
er
g
[
2
0
]
,
r
ewa
r
d
-
s
ee
k
in
g
f
ac
to
r
(
n
ee
d
in
g
o
b
jects,
th
in
g
s
,
m
o
n
e
y
as
a
r
ewa
r
d
)
will
o
cc
u
r
in
c
h
ild
r
en
in
th
e
ag
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
7
-
1
0
y
ea
r
s
.
At
th
is
s
tag
e,
th
e
ch
ild
will
g
r
ad
u
ally
em
p
h
asi
ze
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
a
p
p
ly
in
g
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
ea
r
n
in
g
r
ewa
r
d
s
an
d
p
r
aise.
Pro
m
is
in
g
r
ewa
r
d
s
m
o
tiv
at
es
ch
ild
r
en
to
d
o
g
o
o
d
r
ath
er
th
an
s
co
ld
in
g
o
r
th
r
ea
ten
in
g
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t,
f
o
r
e
x
am
p
le,
a
ch
ild
will
h
elp
h
is
p
ar
en
ts
to
wo
r
k
to
b
e
p
r
aised
.
I
n
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
,
t
h
is
lev
el
o
f
eth
ics
em
p
h
asizes
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
p
r
aise
an
d
r
ewa
r
d
s
r
ath
er
th
an
p
u
n
is
h
m
en
t.
C
o
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
r
esear
ch
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
wh
en
s
ee
k
in
g
r
ewa
r
d
s
h
u
m
an
s
weig
h
t
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
p
o
ten
tial
r
ewa
r
d
s
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
ef
f
o
r
t
it
t
ak
es
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
th
em
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
h
as
g
e
n
e
r
ally
g
iv
e
n
th
e
id
ea
th
at
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
d
elib
er
ate,
h
u
m
an
b
ein
g
s
ca
n
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
r
e
war
d
v
alu
e
an
d
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
ef
f
o
r
t w
ith
o
u
t c
o
n
s
cio
u
s
awa
r
en
ess
.
C
o
n
s
is
ten
t w
it
h
th
e
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
o
f
Gr
ab
o
wsk
i
et
a
l.
[
2
4
]
t
h
at
h
ig
h
a
p
p
r
ec
iatio
n
o
f
h
a
r
d
wo
r
k
an
d
th
e
b
elief
th
at
it
will
le
ad
to
s
u
cc
ess
,
av
er
s
io
n
to
was
tin
g
tim
e
a
n
d
s
elf
-
r
elian
ce
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
h
ar
d
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
e
x
ter
n
al
r
ewa
r
d
s
an
d
a
d
esire
f
o
r
p
o
s
itiv
e
o
p
in
io
n
s
ab
o
u
t o
n
eself
.
as we
ll a
s
o
b
tain
in
g
ap
p
r
o
v
al
an
d
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
f
r
o
m
o
th
e
r
s
.
4
.
4
.
F
o
llo
wing
t
he
a
pp
ro
v
a
l o
f
o
t
hers (
s
elf
is
h f
o
r
re
la
t
iv
es lik
e
t
o
pra
is
e,
a
cc
ept
s
up
po
rt
)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
with
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
s
wer
ed
at
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
(
L
ev
el
4
)
,
b
u
t
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
s
wer
ed
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est
lev
el
(
L
ev
el
5
)
.
M
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
s
aw
th
at
th
e
ac
tio
n
s
th
at
wer
e
ac
ce
p
ted
o
r
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
f
r
ien
d
s
o
r
r
elativ
es
h
ad
a
g
r
ea
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
Ko
h
lb
er
g
an
d
R
y
n
ca
z
[
2
0
]
,
a
p
er
s
o
n
'
s
in
tellig
en
ce
is
h
ig
h
ly
co
r
r
elate
d
with
m
o
r
al
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
B
u
t
in
f
ac
t,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
is
th
eo
r
y
,
in
tellig
en
ce
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
a
r
y
20
25
:
557
-
565
562
alo
n
e
is
n
o
t
en
o
u
g
h
to
m
ak
e
a
p
er
s
o
n
'
s
eth
ics
d
ev
elo
p
well.
T
h
er
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
a
s
tim
u
lu
s
o
r
co
n
d
itio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
u
ts
id
e
as
well
a
n
d
f
am
ily
is
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
lear
n
in
g
.
Par
en
ts
'
u
p
b
r
in
g
in
g
allo
ws
a
p
er
s
o
n
to
lear
n
th
in
g
s
,
af
f
ec
tin
g
a
p
er
s
o
n
'
s
attitu
d
e
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
,
wh
ich
m
ay
b
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
u
p
b
r
in
g
in
g
o
r
im
itatio
n
.
A
f
r
ien
d
is
a
p
er
s
o
n
wh
o
h
as a
g
r
ea
t in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
o
n
e'
s
attitu
d
e
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
[
2
5
]
.
I
n
d
iv
id
u
als ar
e
m
o
r
e
attac
h
ed
to
f
r
ien
d
s
th
an
o
th
er
ag
es
an
d
h
av
e
a
d
esire
to
b
e
ac
ce
p
ted
b
y
th
eir
p
ee
r
s
,
s
o
th
ey
ten
d
to
ac
t
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
eir
p
ee
r
s
.
Frie
n
d
s
’
g
r
o
u
p
s
h
av
e
an
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
p
er
s
u
ad
in
g
p
eo
p
le
to
co
m
p
ly
with
s
o
cial
r
u
les,
s
u
ch
as
p
er
s
u
ad
in
g
ea
ch
o
th
er
to
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
an
ti
-
d
r
u
g
s
p
o
r
ts
ac
tiv
ities
o
r
d
o
in
g
th
in
g
s
th
at
ar
e
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
r
u
les
o
f
s
o
ciety
,
s
u
ch
as
r
aisi
n
g
q
u
ar
r
els
am
o
n
g
g
r
o
u
p
s
f
r
o
m
d
if
f
er
en
t
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
is
in
lin
e
with
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
th
e
im
itativ
e
b
eh
av
io
r
th
eo
r
y
o
f
B
an
d
u
r
a
[
2
7
]
th
at
im
itatio
n
b
eh
av
io
r
ar
is
es
f
r
o
m
lear
n
in
g
an
d
im
itatin
g
th
e
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
r
ea
l
-
life
s
u
b
jects,
m
ea
n
in
g
s
u
b
jects
th
at
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
d
ir
ec
tly
an
d
in
clo
s
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
esp
ec
ially
with
p
ar
en
ts
,
f
am
ily
m
em
b
er
s
.
4
.
5
.
F
o
llo
w
t
he
du
t
ies o
f
s
o
cia
l r
ules
(
la
ws,
rules,
re
lig
io
us
pra
ct
ices,
perf
o
rm
du
t
ies)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
with
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
.
I
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
s
wer
ed
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
at
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
an
d
a
m
o
d
er
ate
lev
el
o
f
s
im
ilar
n
u
m
b
er
s
,
wh
ich
m
ay
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
m
o
s
t
s
tu
d
en
ts
s
aw
th
at
b
eh
av
io
r
th
at
is
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
eth
ical
m
ay
n
o
t
b
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
y
s
o
ciety
o
r
th
e
law
,
b
u
t c
an
ex
p
r
ess
wh
at
h
e
s
ee
s
as
th
e
r
ig
h
t th
in
g
,
alth
o
u
g
h
s
o
m
etim
es it m
ay
n
o
t b
e
h
is
d
u
ty
.
I
t w
as
co
n
s
is
ten
t w
ith
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
Ko
h
lb
er
g
an
d
R
y
n
ca
z
[
2
0
]
,
law
an
d
o
r
d
er
(
“L
aw
an
d
o
r
d
er
”
Or
ien
tatio
n
)
will
f
o
llo
w
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
s
o
cial
d
u
ty
b
y
s
tr
ictly
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
r
u
les
o
f
s
o
ciety
lear
n
to
b
e
a
u
n
it
o
f
s
o
ciety
.
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
s
o
cial
d
u
ties
to
m
ain
tain
s
o
cial
r
u
les,
f
o
u
n
d
in
1
3
-
1
6
y
ea
r
s
o
f
ag
e,
th
is
s
tag
e
s
h
o
ws
th
e
b
eh
av
io
r
to
f
u
lf
ill
th
e
d
u
ties
o
f
s
o
ciety
,
in
wh
ich
p
eo
p
le
k
n
o
w
th
eir
r
o
les
an
d
d
u
ties
as
a
u
n
it
o
f
th
at
s
o
ciety
,
th
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
er
e
is
a
d
u
ty
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
r
u
les th
at
s
o
ciety
h
as g
iv
en
o
r
ex
p
ec
ted
b
y
ex
p
lain
in
g
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
s
.
At
th
is
lev
el
o
f
eth
ics,
it
is
ass
u
m
ed
th
at
s
o
ciety
will
liv
e
with
o
r
d
er
lin
ess
,
th
er
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
laws
an
d
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
Go
o
d
p
eo
p
le
o
r
p
eo
p
le
with
co
r
r
ec
t
b
eh
av
io
r
ar
e
p
eo
p
le
wh
o
o
b
ey
r
u
les
an
d
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
o
r
laws.
E
v
er
y
o
n
e
s
h
o
u
ld
r
esp
ec
t
th
e
law
to
m
ain
tain
o
r
d
er
an
d
o
r
d
er
in
s
o
ciety
.
It
is
in
lin
e
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
;
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
p
er
s
o
n
al
an
d
s
o
cial
n
o
r
m
s
wer
e
p
o
s
itiv
ely
co
r
r
elate
d
with
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
r
o
tectio
n
b
eh
av
io
r
s
[
2
8
]
.
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
r
o
tectio
n
willin
g
n
ess
was
also
f
o
u
n
d
to
m
ed
iate
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
p
er
s
o
n
al
an
d
s
o
cial
n
o
r
m
s
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
r
o
tectio
n
b
eh
av
io
r
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
n
o
r
m
s
s
h
ap
e
h
o
w
d
ec
is
io
n
s
ar
e
m
ad
e
in
s
o
cial
s
itu
atio
n
s
an
d
p
lay
a
k
ey
r
o
le
in
m
ain
tain
in
g
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
an
d
co
o
r
d
in
atin
g
jo
in
t
ac
tio
n
s
[
2
9
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
f
o
llo
win
g
n
o
r
m
s
o
f
ten
im
p
o
s
e
lim
its
o
n
b
eh
av
io
r
,
an
d
d
em
an
d
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
s
elf
is
h
n
ess
o
r
s
u
p
p
r
ess
p
er
s
o
n
al
g
o
als.
4
.
6
.
Do
f
o
r
t
he
peo
ple t
o
f
o
llo
w
t
he
co
ntr
a
ct
(
pro
ud
t
o
be
em
ba
rr
a
s
s
ed)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
with
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
an
s
wer
ed
q
u
esti
o
n
s
at
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
(
L
ev
el
4
)
an
d
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est
lev
el
(
L
ev
el
5
)
,
wh
ich
s
h
o
ws
th
at
s
tu
d
en
ts
wer
e
ab
le
to
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
b
ased
o
n
p
r
id
e
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
ar
t
an
d
ar
e
ash
am
ed
to
s
h
o
w
b
eh
av
io
r
th
at
lack
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
,
ab
le
to
ju
d
g
e
th
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
b
eh
av
io
r
b
y
o
n
eself
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
co
llectiv
e
awa
r
en
ess
o
f
in
d
iv
id
u
al
in
ter
ests
.
I
n
lin
e
with
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
Ko
h
lb
er
g
an
d
R
y
n
ca
z
[
2
0
]
in
s
o
cial
co
n
tr
ac
t
o
r
ien
tatio
n
,
o
r
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
th
e
f
u
lf
illme
n
t
o
f
co
m
m
itm
en
ts
(
s
o
cial
co
n
tr
ac
t
o
r
ien
tatio
n
)
,
in
d
iv
id
u
als
h
av
e
r
ea
s
o
n
s
to
ch
o
o
s
e
to
ac
t
b
ased
o
n
th
e
in
ter
ests
o
f
th
e
m
ass
es.
Do
n
o
t
v
io
late
th
e
r
ig
h
ts
o
f
o
th
er
s
ab
le
to
co
n
tr
o
l
o
n
eself
,
r
esp
ec
t
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
to
ac
t
o
n
o
n
e'
s
o
wn
n
o
t
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
o
th
er
p
eo
p
le,
b
eh
av
e
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
th
eir
o
wn
v
alu
es
an
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
o
f
s
o
ciety
,
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
r
u
les,
ca
n
b
e
ch
an
g
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
b
en
ef
it
o
f
th
e
p
u
b
lic.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
late
ad
o
lescen
ce
an
d
ad
u
lth
o
o
d
,
s
h
o
win
g
b
eh
av
io
r
to
m
ee
t
s
o
cial
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
s
ee
k
in
g
co
m
m
o
n
in
ter
ests
o
v
er
p
er
s
o
n
al
in
ter
ests
in
wh
ich
a
p
er
s
o
n
s
ee
s
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
m
an
y
p
eo
p
le
an
d
,
th
er
ef
o
r
e
d
o
es
n
o
t
m
ak
e
h
im
s
elf
co
n
tr
ar
y
to
th
e
r
ig
h
ts
o
f
o
th
er
s
.
C
o
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
[
3
0
]
h
as
s
tu
d
ied
r
esear
ch
ab
o
u
t
th
eo
r
y
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
eth
ical
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
th
at
th
e
eth
ical
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
o
f
in
d
iv
id
u
ality
an
d
altr
u
is
m
wer
e
p
o
s
itiv
ely
co
r
r
elate
d
with
co
n
s
u
m
er
attitu
d
es
to
war
d
eth
ical
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
ey
also
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
eth
ical
co
m
m
itm
en
t
an
d
altr
u
is
m
h
ad
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
eth
ical
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
ten
tio
n
s
.
I
n
lin
e
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
[
3
1
]
,
th
at
id
ea
lis
m
,
r
elativ
ity
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
,
m
o
r
al
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
,
an
d
willin
g
n
ess
to
u
s
e
g
r
ee
n
p
r
o
d
u
cts
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
g
r
ee
n
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
an
d
m
o
r
al
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
s
o
m
ewh
at
in
f
lu
en
ce
th
e
willin
g
n
ess
to
u
s
e
g
r
ee
n
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
4
.
7
.
I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l idea
ls
(
hu
m
a
nita
ria
n)
T
h
er
e
was
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
with
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
.
I
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
m
o
s
t stu
d
en
ts
an
s
wer
ed
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est lev
el
(
L
ev
el
4
)
an
d
th
e
h
ig
h
est lev
el
(
L
ev
el
5)
,
wh
ich
s
h
o
ws
th
at
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
ad
h
er
in
g
to
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
id
ea
ls
as
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
ac
to
r
in
th
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
an
d
ca
n
ex
p
r
ess
th
em
s
elv
es
in
a
co
er
civ
e
s
itu
atio
n
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
is
co
n
d
u
civ
e
to
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
,
wh
ich
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
F
a
cto
r
s
a
ffectin
g
en
viro
n
men
t
a
l e
th
ics b
eh
a
vio
r
o
f
u
n
d
erg
r
a
d
u
a
te
s
tu
d
en
ts
(
J
u
n
ka
ew Likh
i
t
)
563
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
Ko
h
lb
er
g
an
d
R
y
n
ca
z
[
2
0
]
,
th
at
eth
ics
at
th
is
s
tag
e
ar
e
p
r
in
cip
les
b
ased
o
n
u
n
iv
er
s
al
id
ea
ls
th
at
s
h
o
w
u
n
iv
er
s
ality
b
ey
o
n
d
th
e
r
u
les
o
f
o
n
e'
s
s
o
ciety
.
Mo
r
al
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
f
o
r
th
e
g
o
al
o
f
th
e
g
r
ea
t
id
ea
l
h
as
its
o
wn
co
r
e
p
r
in
cip
les.
Mo
s
t o
f
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
er
s
at
th
is
s
tag
e
ar
e
m
id
d
le
-
ag
ed
ad
u
lts
.
It
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t w
ith
th
e
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
3
]
,
th
at
th
e
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
a
co
d
e
o
f
co
n
d
u
ct,
alo
n
g
with
s
en
io
r
m
an
ag
em
en
t su
p
p
o
r
t a
n
d
a
s
elf
less
eth
ical
clim
ate
with
in
a
p
u
b
lic
r
elatio
n
s
f
ir
m
,
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
in
f
lu
en
ce
d
th
e
eth
ical
co
n
d
u
ct
o
f
p
u
b
lic
r
elatio
n
s
o
f
f
icials.
4
.
8
.
T
he
co
m
pa
riso
n
o
f
f
a
ct
o
rs
a
f
f
ec
t
ing
t
he
env
iro
nm
e
nta
l
et
hica
l
beha
v
io
r
by
g
ender
a
nd
y
ea
r
lev
el
diff
er
ent
I
t w
as f
o
u
n
d
th
at
s
tu
d
en
ts
with
d
if
f
er
en
t g
en
d
er
s
an
d
y
ea
r
lev
els we
r
e
d
if
f
er
en
t,
h
ad
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ical
b
eh
av
io
r
th
er
e
wer
e
n
o
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
.
T
h
is
m
ay
b
e
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
liv
in
g
in
th
e
s
am
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
th
at
is
,
b
ein
g
in
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
th
at
is
co
n
d
u
civ
e
to
th
e
s
am
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics.
I
n
an
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
co
n
d
u
civ
e
to
g
o
o
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics,
it
m
ay
r
esu
lt
in
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
g
en
d
er
s
an
d
g
r
ad
e
lev
els h
av
in
g
s
im
ilar
eth
ical
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
b
eh
av
io
r
s
.
I
n
lin
e
with
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
W
ee
r
awa
ttan
an
o
n
[
3
4
]
,
th
at
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
is
a
co
n
tin
u
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
f
am
ilies
,
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
r
elig
io
u
s
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
an
d
m
ass
m
ed
ia
s
u
ch
as
r
ad
io
,
telev
is
io
n
,
an
d
n
ewsp
ap
er
s
.
T
h
ese
m
ed
ia
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
ac
t
as
p
r
o
m
o
ter
s
o
r
co
n
v
ey
p
atter
n
s
o
f
g
o
o
d
b
eh
av
io
r
to
m
em
b
er
s
o
f
s
o
ciety
.
It
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
[
3
5
]
,
th
at
f
o
r
em
p
lo
y
ee
s
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
g
en
d
er
s
,
th
er
e
was
n
o
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
eth
ical
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
.
I
t
also
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
[
3
6
]
,
[
3
7
]
,
th
at
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
g
en
d
er
s
,
t
h
er
e
wer
e
n
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
lev
els
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics.
I
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t g
en
d
er
s
.
T
h
er
e
wer
e
n
o
d
if
f
er
en
t le
v
els o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
eth
ics
[
3
8
]
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
h
av
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
a
n
o
r
m
al
s
tu
d
en
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
ar
e
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
d
o
in
g
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f
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ap
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d
-
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win
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least
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ay
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o
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elativ
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th
at;
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id
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t
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e
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all
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to
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m
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tal
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b
eh
av
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s
.
As
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p
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k
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to
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th
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etter
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NO
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ted
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Facu
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R
eso
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Stu
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Un
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Gr
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m
en
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d
u
ca
tio
n
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
F
.
B
i
e
r
ma
n
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
N
a
v
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g
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h
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.
[
2
]
M
.
L.
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r
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,
M
.
R
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mi
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-
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a
x
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me
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[
3
]
S
.
P
.
S
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a
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d
M
.
K
.
S
i
n
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h
,
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h
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n
Pl
a
n
t
Re
sp
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ses
t
o
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o
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l
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.
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.
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s.
,
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g
a
p
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:
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.
[
4
]
X
.
X
u
,
H
.
Y
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
C
.
L
i
,
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T
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:
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r
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v
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w
,
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n
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n
a
t
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a
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Re
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[
5
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I
.
M
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s
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d
i
s,
E
.
S
t
a
v
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A
.
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s,
a
n
d
E.
B
e
z
i
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t
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o
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l
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u
,
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En
v
i
r
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n
m
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t
a
l
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d
h
e
a
l
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h
i
mp
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a
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l
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t
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o
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:
a
r
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v
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w
,
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Fr
o
n
t
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P
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6
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J.
Le
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d
D
.
G
u
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a
-
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a
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,
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W
.
D
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d
H
.
R
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P
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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.
14
,
No
.
1
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Feb
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20
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:
557
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565
564
[
8
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E.
A
b
p
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a
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a
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p
,
“
R
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s
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c
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:
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[
9
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A
.
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C
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.
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