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d
ev
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co
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[
1
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[
2
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,
ca
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[
3
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,
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d
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id
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[
4
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,
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as p
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5
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:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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[
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a
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p
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[
1
2
]
.
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tam
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ativ
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[
1
3
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[
1
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,
t
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b
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in
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th
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[
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[
1
6
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[
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o
r
an
ten
n
as
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
o
cu
m
en
te
d
in
s
cien
tific
liter
atu
r
e
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
ese
tech
n
iq
u
es c
o
n
s
is
t o
f
:
−
E
m
p
lo
y
in
g
m
etam
ater
ial
s
p
lit
r
in
g
r
eso
n
at
o
r
s
(
SR
R
s
)
.
−
Utilizin
g
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
tr
ian
g
u
lar
r
in
g
r
eso
n
at
o
r
s
.
−
I
m
p
lem
en
tin
g
co
m
p
le
m
en
tar
y
s
p
lit r
in
g
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
.
−
I
n
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
s
lo
ts
in
to
p
atch
an
ten
n
as
.
−
Ap
p
ly
in
g
C
-
s
h
ap
e
d
s
lo
ts
.
−
Usi
n
g
tr
ian
g
u
lar
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
e
tic
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
.
−
I
n
teg
r
atin
g
co
m
p
lem
e
n
tar
y
tr
i
an
g
u
lar
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
h
a
v
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
p
o
t
en
tial
f
o
r
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
a
n
ten
n
a
s
ize
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
ar
e
m
ak
in
g
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
tr
id
es
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
ese
ch
allen
g
es.
R
ec
en
tly
,
s
ev
er
al
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
b
io
telem
etr
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
No
tab
ly
,
s
ca
lp
-
im
p
lan
tab
le
s
y
s
tem
s
with
i
n
teg
r
ated
an
ten
n
as
we
r
e
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
itially
,
A
2
0
0
×2
0
0
×2
0
0
m
m
³
h
o
m
o
g
en
eo
u
s
s
k
in
p
h
an
to
m
(
HSP)
was
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
el
th
ese
an
ten
n
a
s
y
s
tem
s
at
a
d
ep
th
o
f
4
m
m
.
Fo
llo
win
g
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
im
u
lated
r
esu
lts
,
g
ain
v
alu
es
o
f
-
2
8
.
5
d
B
i
at
9
1
5
MH
z
an
d
-
2
2
.
8
d
B
i
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
wer
e
o
b
tain
ed
.
No
n
et
h
eless
,
it
wa
s
d
is
co
v
er
ed
th
at
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
r
at
e
(
SAR
)
f
o
r
b
o
th
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies w
as si
g
n
if
ic
an
tly
h
ig
h
.
T
h
er
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
an
in
c
r
ea
s
e
in
in
ter
est
in
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
m
etam
ater
ials
(
MT
Ms)
in
im
p
lan
tab
le
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
.
W
ith
a
g
ain
o
f
-
2
5
d
B
i,
r
esear
ch
e
r
s
in
r
ef
er
en
ce
[
2
1
]
p
r
esen
ted
E
-
s
h
a
p
ed
an
d
i
n
ter
d
ig
ital
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
f
o
r
b
io
m
ed
ical
im
p
la
n
t
ap
p
licat
io
n
s
.
I
n
a
s
im
ilar
v
ein
,
a
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
tu
d
y
s
u
g
g
ested
an
a
n
ten
n
a
s
y
s
te
m
with
b
atter
ies,
b
io
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
an
d
f
ak
e
elec
tr
o
n
ic
p
a
r
ts
in
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
[
2
2
]
to
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
d
e
v
ice
ar
ch
itectu
r
e.
T
h
is
an
ten
n
a
’
s
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
wer
e
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
in
a
HSP
th
a
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
1
5
0
×1
5
0
×1
5
0
m
m
³
,
with
a
d
ep
th
o
f
3
m
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Hea
lth
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
[
23
]
I
n
th
is
p
a
p
er
,
we
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
n
ew
m
etam
ater
ial
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
tailo
r
ed
s
p
ec
if
ically
f
o
r
m
e
d
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
in
b
io
telem
etr
y
.
T
h
is
d
esig
n
is
b
a
s
ed
o
n
f
o
u
r
c
o
m
p
le
m
en
tar
y
h
ex
a
g
o
n
al
m
etam
ater
ial
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
etch
ed
in
to
a
p
atch
.
I
n
o
p
en
s
p
ac
e,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
an
ten
n
a
was sim
u
lated
,
an
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
h
u
m
a
n
tis
s
u
e
lay
e
r
s
,
o
p
er
atin
g
in
t
h
e
2
.
4
-
2
.
5
GHz
I
SM
b
an
d
.
Desp
ite
h
av
in
g
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
d
esig
n
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a
e
x
h
i
b
its
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
esp
ec
ially
b
y
ac
h
iev
in
g
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
lo
wer
SAR
v
alu
es
th
an
ea
r
lier
m
o
d
els.
A
c
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
with
r
ec
en
t stu
d
ies is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
2
0
4
-
2
1
4
206
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a
with
e
x
is
tin
g
liter
atu
r
e
o
n
t
h
e
s
u
b
ject
Ref
F
r
e
q
(
G
H
z
)
S
i
z
e
(
mm
)
G
a
i
n
(
d
B
i
)
S
A
R
1g
S
A
R
10g
[
20
]
2
.
4
5
8×
6
×
0
.
5
-
2
2
.
8
8
0
7
.
3
4
1
0
2
.
0
4
[
24
]
2
.
4
5
1
1
×
1
1
×
1
.
2
7
-
29
NAN
NAN
[
25
]
2
.
4
5
7
×
7
×
0
.
2
-
2
2
.
2
9
5
9
1
.
4
0
8
2
.
7
1
[
22
]
2
.
4
5
1
2
×
1
2
×
0
.
6
3
5
-
34
9
2
1
NAN
[
21
]
2
.
4
5
8×
7
×
0
.
6
3
5
-
25
7
5
8
8
0
.
1
[
2
6
]
2
.
4
5
8
.
2
×
6
.
9
4
×
0
.
7
5
-
2
1
.
6
5
5
2
7
3
.
2
I
n
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
2
.
4
5
7×
7
×
0
.
6
3
5
-
2
0
.
3
2
4
8
9
.
8
7
5
3
.
7
3
8
2.
DE
V
E
L
O
P
M
E
N
T
O
F
T
H
E
DE
S
I
G
N
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
ev
o
lu
tio
n
in
v
o
lv
es
th
r
ee
m
ain
s
tag
es
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
,
with
a
p
ar
am
etr
ic
a
n
aly
s
is
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
I
n
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
,
a
b
asic
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atch
is
cr
ea
ted
with
s
p
ec
if
ic
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
atc
h
len
g
th
(
L
p
)
an
d
p
atch
wid
th
(
W
p
)
.
T
h
e
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
at
f
ir
s
t
2
.
4
2
GHz
with
t
h
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
o
f
-
1
4
.
0
9
dB
in
an
ten
n
a
s
tep
2
m
o
d
i
f
y
in
g
p
atch
f
o
r
m
h
ex
a
g
o
n
al
th
e
an
ten
n
a
’
s
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
at
2
.
5
GHz
with
th
e
r
etu
r
n
l
o
s
s
o
f
-
2
1
.
7
5
dB
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
lies
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
in
ten
d
ed
I
SM
b
an
d
r
an
g
e
,
th
e
an
ten
n
a
’
s
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
cy
is
2
.
4
3
GHz
with
th
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
o
f
-
2
6
.
7
1
d
B
New
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
ex
h
ib
it
s
r
eso
n
an
ce
n
ea
r
I
SM
f
r
eq
u
en
cies,
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
b
io
m
etr
i
c
ap
p
licatio
n
,
th
e
r
ef
lectio
n
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
is
n
o
t
p
er
f
ec
tly
ad
ap
ted
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
an
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
is
n
ee
d
e
d
i
n
b
o
u
g
h
t te
r
m
s
s
ize
an
d
elem
en
t
s
,
an
d
f
o
r
th
at
we
s
u
g
g
est u
s
in
g
m
etam
ater
ials
.
S
t
e
p
1
S
t
e
p
2
S
t
e
p
3
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
E
v
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
d
esig
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
R
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
g
r
ap
h
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
r
ee
d
esig
n
o
f
an
ten
n
a
3.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
U
NI
T
E
C
E
L
L
M
E
T
A
M
A
T
E
RIA
L
W
e
s
im
u
late
o
u
r
h
ex
ag
o
n
al
-
s
h
ap
e
r
eso
n
ato
r
d
esig
n
with
HFSS
s
o
f
twar
e,
in
X
-
ax
is
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
we
ap
p
lied
alo
n
g
it
th
e
p
er
f
ec
t
el
ec
tr
ic
co
n
d
u
ct
o
r
(
PEC),
an
d
i
n
Y
-
ax
is
we
ap
p
lied
alo
n
g
it
th
e
p
er
f
ec
t
m
a
g
n
etic
co
n
d
u
ct
o
r
,
a
n
d
alo
n
g
Z
-
ax
is
we
h
av
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
wav
es
(
p
o
r
t
o
n
e
a
n
d
two
)
with
p
e
r
p
en
d
icu
la
r
s
tate
to
PEC
an
d
PMC
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
4.
Fig
u
r
e
5
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
(
S
21
)
an
d
r
ef
lectio
n
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t (
S
11
)
o
f
th
e
h
e
x
ag
o
n
al
-
s
h
ap
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
as a
f
u
n
c
tio
n
o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
T
h
e
Nico
ls
o
n
r
o
s
s
weir
(
N
R
W
)
m
eth
o
d
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
if
m
etam
ater
ial
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
ar
e
p
r
esen
t
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
ex
a
g
o
n
al
r
eso
n
at
o
r
s
.
T
h
is
tech
n
i
q
u
e
ex
tr
ac
ts
th
e
k
e
y
p
ar
am
et
e
r
s
th
at
d
ef
in
e
th
e
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
th
e
m
etam
ater
ial
(
MT
M)
,
s
u
ch
as
p
er
m
ea
b
ilit
y
,
p
er
m
itti
v
ity
,
a
n
d
r
e
f
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
ex
.
T
h
e
NR
W
m
eth
o
d
u
tili
ze
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
eq
u
atio
n
s
to
ca
lcu
late
th
ese
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
[
2
1
]
-
[
2
7
]
:
V
1
=s
21
+s
11
(
1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
E
n
g
r
a
ve
d
h
ex
a
g
o
n
a
l
meta
ma
t
eria
ls
r
e
s
o
n
a
to
r
s
a
n
ten
n
a
fo
r
b
io
-
imp
la
n
ta
b
le
…
(
B
elkh
eir S
a
fa
a
)
207
V
2
=s
21
-
s
11
(
2
)
=
2
(
0
)
(
1
−
2
)
(
1
+
2
)
(
3
)
=
2
(
0
)
(
1
−
1
)
(
1
+
1
)
(
4
)
n
=
√
×
(
5
)
w
h
er
e:
−
S
11
, S
21
t
h
e
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
s
co
ef
f
icien
t (
r
ef
lex
io
n
an
d
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
)
.
−
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
:
εe
f
f
an
d
μ
ef
f
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
p
er
m
itti
v
ity
a
n
d
p
er
m
ea
b
ilit
y
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
d
er
iv
e
d
f
r
o
m
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
an
aly
s
is
.
−
T
h
e
wav
e
n
u
m
b
er
i
n
f
r
ee
s
p
a
ce
is
d
en
o
ted
as
K
0
(
K
0
=
)
,
wh
er
e
C
s
tan
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
lig
h
t
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
(
3
×1
0
8
m
/s
)
an
d
ω
0
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
an
g
u
lar
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
−
d
: T
h
e
th
ick
n
ess
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
s
tr
a
te.
W
e
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
th
e
MT
M
ef
f
ec
t in
h
e
x
ag
o
n
al
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
,
an
d
o
b
tain
e
d
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
ese
in
clu
d
e
th
e
r
ea
l
an
d
im
ag
i
n
ar
y
p
ar
ts
o
f
p
er
m
itti
v
ity
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
,
p
er
m
ea
b
ilit
y
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
,
a
n
d
r
e
f
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
c)
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
u
n
it c
ell
m
etam
ater
ial
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Dis
p
lay
s
th
e
p
a
r
am
e
ter
s
S
11
an
d
S
21
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
m
etam
ater
ial
:
(
a)
p
er
m
itti
v
ity
,
(
b
)
p
er
m
ea
b
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
(
c)
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
ex
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
2
0
4
-
2
1
4
208
4.
ANT
E
NNA
W
I
T
H
F
O
UR
H
E
XAG
O
NA
L
RE
SO
NATO
RS
T
h
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
a
n
ten
n
a
is
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
u
s
in
g
R
o
g
er
s
R
O3
2
1
0
s
u
b
s
tr
ate,
wh
ich
h
as
a
r
elativ
e
p
er
m
itti
v
ity
o
f
=1
0
.
2
an
d
a
th
ick
n
ess
o
f
h
=0
.
6
3
5
m
m
.
It
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
f
ir
s
t
lay
er
with
a
p
atch
r
ad
iato
r
an
d
f
o
u
r
MT
M
h
ex
a
g
o
n
al
-
s
h
a
p
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
,
alo
n
g
with
a
g
r
o
u
n
d
an
d
a
s
ec
o
n
d
s
u
p
er
s
tr
ate
la
y
er
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
y
a
co
ax
ial
ca
b
le
with
a
s
h
o
r
tin
g
p
in
th
at
m
ea
s
u
r
es
0
.
1
4
m
m
an
d
0
.
0
3
8
m
m
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
an
d
is
in
ten
d
ed
t
o
f
u
n
ctio
n
at
an
im
p
ed
an
ce
o
f
5
0
o
h
m
s
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a’
s
o
v
er
all
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7
,
ar
e
7
×7
×1
.
2
7
m
m
3
,
an
d
its
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
is
2
.
4
5
GHz
.
A
v
is
u
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
etam
ater
ial
an
ten
n
a
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
,
wh
ile
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
d
is
p
lay
s
a
s
id
e
v
iew
o
f
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
ten
n
a
m
etam
ater
ial
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
,
with
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
p
a
r
am
eter
v
alu
es:
W
g
=7
m
m
,
L
g
=
7
m
m
,
L
p
=5
m
m
,
b
=0
.
5
m
m
,
an
d
c=
0
.
2
mm.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eta
m
ater
ial
an
ten
n
a
(
a
)
,
(
b
)
s
id
e
v
iew
ed
5.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
A
NT
E
NNA
M
E
T
A
M
AT
E
R
I
AL
I
N
F
RE
E
SPAC
E
Fig
u
r
e
8
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
r
ef
lectio
n
co
e
f
f
icien
t
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
an
ten
n
a
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
b
o
th
with
an
d
with
o
u
t
th
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
h
ex
ag
o
n
al
-
s
h
ap
ed
m
etam
ater
i
al.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cted
u
s
in
g
two
s
o
f
twar
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
HFSS
an
d
C
ST.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
a
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
v
alu
e
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
-
2
6
.
7
d
B
an
d
-
2
8
.
4
7
d
B
with
o
u
t
th
e
m
etam
a
ter
ial
in
HFSS
an
d
C
ST,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
W
h
en
th
e
f
o
u
r
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
m
etam
ater
ials
ar
e
ad
d
ed
to
th
e
p
atch
,
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
in
d
icate
s
a
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
o
f
-
4
0
.
5
5
d
B
in
HFSS
an
d
-
3
1
.
1
d
B
in
C
ST,
ex
h
ib
itin
g
o
p
tim
al
r
et
u
r
n
l
o
s
s
at
th
e
d
esire
d
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
with
in
th
e
I
SM
b
an
d
.
Pre
s
en
ted
in
T
ab
l
e
2
t
h
e
v
ar
i
o
u
s
v
alu
es with
a
-
1
0
d
B
b
an
d
wid
th
in
o
p
e
n
s
p
ac
e.
Fig
u
r
e
9
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
f
a
r
f
ield
g
ain
p
atter
n
s
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
,
s
h
o
win
g
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
b
o
th
with
an
d
with
o
u
t
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
f
o
u
r
MT
M
(
m
etam
ater
ial)
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
in
an
o
p
en
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
in
clu
d
es
s
im
u
latio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
E
-
p
lan
e
(
wh
er
e
φ
=
0
°)
an
d
th
e
H
-
p
lan
e
(
wh
er
e
φ
=
9
0
°).
T
h
ese
s
im
u
latio
n
s
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
t
wo
d
if
f
er
en
t
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
s
im
u
latio
n
s
o
f
twar
e
p
ac
k
ag
es: HFSS
an
d
C
ST.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
S
-
p
a
r
am
eter
s
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
with
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
T
ab
le
2
.
T
he
b
an
d
with
v
alu
es
H
F
S
S
(
M
H
z
)
C
S
T
(
M
H
z
)
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
4
mt
m
8
4
.
3
1
2
0
.
7
W
i
t
h
4
m
t
m
2
4
4
.
3
2
8
0
.
2
3
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
E
n
g
r
a
ve
d
h
ex
a
g
o
n
a
l
meta
ma
t
eria
ls
r
e
s
o
n
a
to
r
s
a
n
ten
n
a
fo
r
b
io
-
imp
la
n
ta
b
le
…
(
B
elkh
eir S
a
fa
a
)
209
As
s
ee
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
s
9
(
a)
a
n
d
(
b
)
,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
an
te
n
n
a
s
h
o
ws
a
g
ain
o
f
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
-
2
9
.
3
d
B
at
a
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
2
.
4
5
GHz
in
th
e
two
s
tim
u
lato
r
s
wh
en
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
h
e
x
ag
o
n
al
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
ar
e
n
o
t
p
r
esen
t
,
t
h
e
2
.
4
5
GHz
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
p
ea
k
g
ain
v
al
u
es
o
f
-
2
2
.
6
d
B
f
o
r
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
f
o
u
r
MT
M
d
esig
n
in
HFSS
,
a
s
s
ee
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
c)
,
a
n
d
-
2
3
.
6
d
B
in
C
ST,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
d
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
HFSS
an
d
C
ST
s
o
f
twar
e
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
in
o
p
en
s
p
ac
e:
Fo
u
r
MT
M
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
ar
e
ex
cl
u
d
ed
in
:
(
a)
-
(
b
)
as o
p
p
o
s
ed
to
f
o
u
r
h
ex
ag
o
n
al
-
s
h
ap
e
d
r
eso
n
at
o
r
s
th
at
ar
e
in
clu
d
ed
in
(
c)
-
(
d
)
6.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
O
F
AN
T
E
N
NAS
I
N
S
I
NG
L
E
-
L
A
YE
R
A
ND
T
H
RE
E
-
L
AYER
T
I
SS
U
E
M
O
D
E
L
S
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
,
we
u
s
ed
two
m
o
d
els
to
s
im
u
late
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
etam
ater
ial
an
te
n
n
a
in
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
h
ase: a
s
in
g
le
-
lay
e
r
tis
s
u
e
an
d
a
th
r
ee
-
lay
e
r
tis
s
u
e
s
t
r
u
ctu
r
e.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
a)
illu
s
tr
ate
s
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
m
etam
ater
ial
an
ten
n
a
o
n
t
h
e
s
k
in
m
o
d
el
’
s
to
p
lay
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
b
)
g
iv
es
th
e
th
r
ee
-
la
y
er
m
o
d
el
’
s
p
r
ec
is
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
.
T
h
e
tis
s
u
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
s
k
in
(
εr
=
3
8
,
σ
=
1
.
4
4
S/m)
,
f
at
(
ε
r
=
5
.
2
8
,
σ
=
0
.
2
S/m)
,
an
d
m
u
s
cle
(
εr
=
5
2
.
7
,
σ
=
1
.
7
4
S/
m
)
wer
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
[
2
1
]
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
10
.
B
o
th
(
a)
s
in
g
le
-
la
y
er
an
d
(
b
)
th
r
ee
-
lay
er
tis
s
u
e
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
p
r
esen
ts
r
ef
lectio
n
c
o
ef
f
icien
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a
with
MT
M
h
ex
ag
o
n
al
s
h
ap
e:
−
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
(
a
)
o
ne
-
lay
er
tis
s
u
e
m
o
d
el:
✓
C
ST
s
im
u
latio
n
:
-
2
7
.
2
9
d
B
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
2
0
4
-
2
1
4
210
✓
HFSS
s
im
u
latio
n
:
-
3
2
.
8
1
d
B
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
−
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
(
b
)
t
h
r
ee
-
lay
er
tis
s
u
e
m
o
d
el:
✓
C
ST
s
im
u
latio
n
:
-
1
3
.
6
d
B
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
✓
HFSS
s
im
u
latio
n
:
-
1
9
.
1
2
d
B
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
”
T
ab
le
3
p
r
esen
t’
s
an
ten
n
a
m
etam
ater
ial
v
alu
es
with
a
-
1
0
d
B
b
an
d
wid
th
,
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
s
in
g
le
-
lay
er
(
s
k
in
o
n
ly
)
an
d
th
r
ee
-
lay
e
r
(
s
k
in
,
f
at,
an
d
m
u
s
cle)
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
e
m
o
d
els.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
ga
in
f
o
r
b
o
t
h
th
e
E
an
d
H
p
lan
es
in
s
in
g
le
-
lay
e
r
an
d
t
h
r
ee
-
lay
er
tis
s
u
e
m
o
d
els
,
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
illu
s
t
r
ates
th
e
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
p
atter
n
o
f
f
ar
f
ield
g
ain
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
t
h
e
h
ig
h
est
ac
h
iev
e
d
g
ain
s
ar
e
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
ately
-
2
0
.
3
2
d
B
HFSS
an
d
-
1
8
.
9
d
B
C
ST
f
o
r
a
s
in
g
le
lay
er
,
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
es
1
2
(
a)
an
d
1
2
(
b
)
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
I
n
th
e
th
r
ee
-
lay
er
s
etu
p
,
th
e
h
ig
h
est
g
ain
s
ar
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
as
-
2
7
.
3
3
d
B
in
HFSS
an
d
-
2
1
.
1
d
B
in
C
ST,
s
h
o
wn
in
Fi
g
u
r
es 1
2
(
c)
an
d
1
2
(
d
)
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
l
y
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
s
(
a
)
o
n
e
lay
er
s
tis
s
u
es
an
d
(
b
)
th
r
ee
l
ay
er
s
tis
s
u
es
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
e
b
an
d
with
v
alu
e
H
F
S
S
(
M
H
z
)
C
S
T
(
M
H
z
)
-
O
n
e
-
l
a
y
e
r
m
o
d
e
l
(
M
H
z
)
1
7
0
.
4
1
6
0
.
4
5
3
-
l
a
y
e
r
s
mo
d
e
l
s (
M
H
Z)
1
1
1
.
5
1
0
5
.
8
3
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
R
ad
iatio
n
g
ain
p
atter
n
s
at
2
.
4
5
GHz
: (
a)
-
(
b
)
s
in
g
l
e
-
lay
er
tis
s
u
e
m
o
d
el:
E
an
d
H
p
lan
es
"
(
c)
-
(
d
)
t
h
r
ee
-
la
y
er
tis
s
u
e
m
o
d
e
l: E
an
d
H
p
lan
es
”
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
E
n
g
r
a
ve
d
h
ex
a
g
o
n
a
l
meta
ma
t
eria
ls
r
e
s
o
n
a
to
r
s
a
n
ten
n
a
fo
r
b
io
-
imp
la
n
ta
b
le
…
(
B
elkh
eir S
a
fa
a
)
211
7.
B
I
O
CO
M
P
AT
I
B
I
L
I
T
Y
A
N
D
S
P
E
C
I
F
I
C
A
B
SO
RP
T
I
O
N
RAT
E
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
p
atien
t
s
af
ety
,
m
a
n
y
im
p
lan
ta
b
le
m
ed
ical
d
ev
ic
es,
s
u
ch
as
an
ten
n
as,
n
ee
d
to
b
e
co
ated
with
b
io
co
m
p
atib
le
m
ater
ials
.
I
f
an
im
p
lan
ted
an
ten
n
a
co
m
es
in
d
ir
ec
t
co
n
tact
with
m
etalliza
tio
n
d
u
e
to
co
n
d
u
ctiv
e
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
es,
a
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
c
an
o
cc
u
r
[
2
8
]
,
[
2
9
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
it
is
cr
u
cial
t
o
u
s
e
b
io
co
m
p
atib
le
m
ater
ials
lik
e
Z
ir
co
n
ia
(
2
)
an
d
C
er
am
ic
Alu
m
in
a
(
2
O3
)
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
itiv
ity
o
f
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
es
ca
n
b
e
ev
alu
ated
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
r
ad
iatio
n
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
b
y
a
u
n
it
m
ass
o
f
th
es
e
tis
s
u
es,
with
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
ac
ce
p
ta
b
le
lim
its
s
e
t
at
SAR
1
g
≤
1
.
6
W
/Kg
in
th
e
I
E
E
E
C
9
5
.
1
-
1
9
9
9
s
tan
d
ar
d
a
n
d
SAR
1
0
g
≤
2
W
/Kg
in
th
e
I
E
E
E
C
9
5
.
1
-
2
0
0
5
s
tan
d
ar
d
[
3
0
]
.
T
h
e
SAR
ca
n
b
e
ca
l
c
u
lated
u
s
in
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
o
r
m
u
las
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
2
]
.
SA
R=
|
|
(
6
)
W
er
e
:
−
ρ
th
e
d
en
s
ity
o
f
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
e
i
n
k
ilo
g
r
a
m
s
p
er
cu
b
ic
m
eter
(
k
g
/m
³)
.
−
σ
th
e
co
n
d
u
ctiv
ity
o
f
th
e
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
e.
−
E
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
f
ield
(
V/m
)
.
T
h
e
SAR
v
alu
e
i
s
ca
lcu
lated
i
n
HFSS
with
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
wer
eq
u
al
to
1
W
an
d
in
C
ST
w
it
h
0
.
5
W
in
o
n
e
lay
er
tis
s
u
e
(
s
k
in
)
at
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
2
.
4
5
GHz
u
s
in
g
an
te
n
n
a
with
en
g
r
av
e
d
MT
M
h
ex
ag
o
n
al
r
eso
n
at
o
r
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
a
b
le
4
.
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
SAR
f
o
r
MT
M
h
ex
ag
o
n
al
r
eso
n
at
o
r
in
s
k
in
la
y
er
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
HFSS
an
d
C
ST,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
(
a)
,
a
s
im
u
l
atio
n
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
’
s
im
p
ac
t
o
n
s
k
in
tis
s
u
e
u
s
in
g
HFSS
s
h
o
ws
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
wer
o
f
1
watt
p
e
r
1
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
a
v
al
u
e
o
f
4
8
9
.
8
7
W
/k
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
(
b
)
d
is
p
lay
s
a
SAR
s
im
u
latio
n
with
th
e
s
am
e
p
o
wer
lev
el
b
u
t
with
1
0
g
tis
s
u
e
m
a
s
s
,
y
i
eld
in
g
a
v
alu
e
o
f
5
3
.
7
3
8
W
/k
g
.
W
h
ile
F
ig
u
r
e
1
3
(
c
)
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
s
im
u
latio
n
s
u
s
in
g
C
ST,
with
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
wer
o
f
0
.
5
watts
in
1
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
r
esu
ltin
g
in
8
.
1
1
W
/k
g
,
w
h
en
,
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
(
d
)
with
a
1
0
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
,
th
e
v
alu
e
is
3
.
4
9
W
/k
g
,
as we
h
av
e
s
e
en
in
T
ab
le
4
.
T
ab
le
4
.
R
esu
lts
SAR
in
1
g
an
d
1
0
g
o
f
o
n
e
tis
s
u
e
(
s
k
in
)
in
C
ST
an
d
HFSS
C
S
T
(
0
.
5
W)
H
F
S
S
(1
W)
M
a
ss
e
o
f
t
i
ssu
e
s
1
g
-
A
v
r
g
10
g
-
A
v
r
g
1
g
-
A
v
r
g
10
g
-
A
v
r
g
I
n
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
8
.
1
1
3
.
4
9
4
8
9
.
8
7
5
3
.
7
3
8
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
13
.
SAR
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
in
th
e
s
k
in
in
HFSS
:
(
a)
-
(
b
)
1
g
-
10
g
an
d
C
ST
(
c)
-
(
d
)
1
g
-
10
g
T
h
e
SAR
v
alu
es
o
b
tain
ed
in
T
ab
le
4
an
d
F
ig
u
r
e
1
3
ar
e
u
n
ac
ce
p
tab
le
an
d
h
ar
m
f
u
l
to
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
es,
we
ad
ju
s
ted
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
wer
lev
el
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
ain
tain
tis
s
u
e
in
teg
r
ity
.
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
r
esu
lts
,
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
o
wer
in
p
u
ts
wer
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
HFSS
an
d
C
ST
s
im
u
l
atio
n
s
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
HFSS
s
im
u
l
atio
n
s
u
s
ed
a
3
m
W
in
p
u
t,
wh
ile
C
ST
s
im
u
latio
n
s
u
s
ed
2
m
W
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
SAR
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
wer
e
as f
o
llo
ws:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
2
0
4
-
2
1
4
212
−
Fo
r
HFSS
(
3
m
W
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
wer
)
:
✓
1
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
: 1
.
4
6
W
/k
g
F
ig
u
r
e1
4
(
a)
.
✓
10
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
: 0
.
1
6
W
/k
g
F
ig
u
r
e1
4
(
b
)
.
−
Fo
r
C
ST
(
2
m
W
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
wer
)
:
✓
1
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
: 1
.
2
W
/k
g
F
ig
u
r
e1
4
(
c)
.
✓
10
g
tis
s
u
e
m
ass
: 0
.
3
4
W
/k
g
F
ig
u
r
e
14
(
d)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
14
.
SAR
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
in
th
e
s
k
in
in
HFSS
:
(
a)
-
(
b
)
1
g
-
10
g
an
d
C
ST
(
c)
-
(
d
)
1
g
-
10
g
8.
DIS
CU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
in
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
b
io
c
o
m
p
atib
le
an
ten
n
as
with
m
etam
ater
ials
f
o
r
im
p
lan
tab
le
m
e
d
ical
d
e
v
ices,
wh
ile
ea
r
lier
r
esear
c
h
,
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
wo
r
k
b
y
Sh
ah
an
d
Yo
o
[
2
0
]
,
e
x
p
lo
r
e
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
ca
lp
-
im
p
lan
tab
le
an
ten
n
a
s
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
in
tr
a
cr
an
ial
p
r
ess
u
r
e,
th
ese
s
tu
d
ies
p
r
im
ar
ily
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
s
with
o
u
t
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
b
en
ef
its
o
f
m
etam
a
ter
ial
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
s
p
ec
if
ically
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
ei
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
Similar
ly
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
wo
r
k
b
y
Sin
g
h
an
d
Kau
r
[
2
6
]
,
e
x
p
lo
r
ed
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
test
in
g
o
f
s
m
all
f
o
o
tp
r
in
t
b
io
c
o
m
p
a
tib
le
an
ten
n
as
f
o
r
im
p
lan
tab
le
d
ev
ices
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
-
s
ilico
n
,
in
-
v
itro
,
an
d
ex
-
v
i
v
o
test
in
g
,
th
ey
d
id
n
o
t
e
x
p
l
icitly
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
u
s
in
g
m
etam
ater
ials
to
en
h
an
ce
an
ten
n
a
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
s
af
et
y
.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
m
etam
ater
ials
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
r
a
d
iatio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
SAR
in
co
m
p
lex
tis
s
u
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
m
u
lti
-
l
ay
er
ed
h
u
m
a
n
tis
s
u
es
(
s
k
in
,
f
at,
an
d
m
u
s
cle)
,
r
em
ain
s
u
n
d
e
r
ex
p
lo
r
e
d
.
T
h
is
g
ap
in
th
e
r
esear
c
h
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
n
ee
d
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
h
o
w
m
eta
m
ater
ials
ca
n
o
p
tim
ize
an
ten
n
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
wh
ile
en
s
u
r
in
g
b
i
o
co
m
p
atib
ilit
y
an
d
s
af
ety
f
o
r
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
m
ed
ical
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
W
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
in
teg
r
at
io
n
o
f
m
etam
ater
ials
with
th
e
an
ten
n
a
co
r
r
elate
s
with
en
h
an
ce
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
ter
m
s
o
f
g
ain
an
d
b
an
d
wid
th
(
m
en
tio
n
ed
in
F
ig
u
r
e
9
an
d
T
ab
le
2
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
m
etam
ater
ial
-
b
ased
an
te
n
n
a
ex
h
ib
ited
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
tl
y
h
i
g
h
er
g
ain
a
n
d
b
r
o
ad
er
b
an
d
wid
th
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
an
ten
n
as.
T
h
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
o
u
tco
m
es,
en
c
o
m
p
ass
in
g
p
r
im
ar
y
b
ea
m
s
tr
en
g
t
h
,
o
r
ie
n
tatio
n
,
a
n
d
b
r
ea
d
th
,
ca
n
b
e
attr
i
b
u
ted
t
o
th
e
d
is
tin
ct
alg
o
r
ith
m
ic
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
u
tili
ze
d
b
y
HFSS
an
d
C
ST
s
o
f
twar
e
p
ac
k
ag
es.
HFSS
em
p
lo
y
s
th
e
FEM
,
o
r
f
in
ite
elem
en
t
m
eth
o
d
,
wh
ich
is
g
en
er
ally
co
n
s
id
er
ed
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
is
e
f
o
r
an
ten
n
a
an
al
y
s
is
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
C
ST
im
p
lem
en
ts
th
e
f
in
ite
in
teg
r
atio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
(
FIT
)
.
I
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies,
an
ten
n
as
s
im
u
lated
in
h
u
m
a
n
tis
s
u
e
t
y
p
ically
s
h
o
wed
lo
wer
m
ax
i
m
u
m
g
ai
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
s
im
u
l
atio
n
s
.
T
h
is
r
ed
u
ctio
n
was
attr
ib
u
ted
t
o
th
e
an
ten
n
a
’
s
s
m
all
s
ize
r
elativ
e
to
th
e
h
u
m
an
b
o
d
y
an
d
lo
s
s
es
to
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
H
o
wev
er
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
ten
n
a
m
ain
tain
s
its
g
ain
lev
el
ev
en
in
tis
s
u
e
(
F
ig
u
r
e
1
2
)
,
wh
ich
is
a
k
e
y
ac
h
iev
em
e
n
t
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
r
esil
ien
ce
to
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ch
an
g
es.
T
o
e
n
s
u
r
e
p
atien
t
s
af
ety
in
r
ea
l
-
w
o
r
ld
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
we
co
n
d
u
ct
ed
s
im
u
latio
n
s
th
e
SAR
f
o
r
o
u
r
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
im
p
la
n
tab
le
an
ten
n
a,
b
ased
o
n
a
1
-
g
r
am
tis
s
u
e
av
er
ag
e.
W
h
en
s
u
p
p
lied
with
1
watt
o
f
in
p
u
t p
o
wer
,
th
e
p
ea
k
SAR
v
alu
es a
r
e
co
m
p
u
ted
,
wh
ile
e
lev
ated
,
r
em
ain
b
elo
w
th
o
s
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
f
o
r
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
d
ev
ices
in
s
tu
d
ies
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
to
co
m
p
ly
with
t
h
e
SAR
lim
it
s
o
u
tlin
ed
in
I
E
E
E
C
9
5
.
1
:
1
9
9
9
,
it
’
s
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
’
s
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
wer
to
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
lev
el.
T
h
e
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
E
n
g
r
a
ve
d
h
ex
a
g
o
n
a
l
meta
ma
t
eria
ls
r
e
s
o
n
a
to
r
s
a
n
ten
n
a
fo
r
b
io
-
imp
la
n
ta
b
le
…
(
B
elkh
eir S
a
fa
a
)
213
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
an
im
p
lan
tab
le
a
n
ten
n
a
u
s
in
g
m
etam
ater
ials
,
an
d
th
e
g
ain
s
r
esu
lted
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
an
ten
n
a
i
n
th
r
ee
p
ar
ts
:
−
Sig
n
if
ican
tly
en
h
a
n
ce
d
an
te
n
n
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
s
ize.
−
Ma
in
tain
ed
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
d
esp
ite
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
ch
an
g
es.
−
Min
im
ized
im
p
ac
t o
n
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
h
u
m
an
tis
s
u
e.
T
h
ese
o
u
tco
m
es
d
ir
ec
tly
ad
d
r
ess
ed
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
o
b
jectiv
es
o
f
th
e
p
ap
e
r
,
u
ltima
tely
lead
i
n
g
to
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
d
esig
n
o
f
a
n
im
p
la
n
tab
le
an
ten
n
a
with
im
p
r
o
v
ed
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
ati
o
n
o
f
m
etam
ater
ials
in
an
ten
n
a
d
esi
g
n
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ad
v
a
n
ce
m
en
t
in
b
i
o
m
ed
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
O
u
r
f
in
d
in
g
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
th
ese
an
ten
n
as
n
o
t
o
n
ly
o
p
er
ate
s
af
ely
with
in
h
u
m
a
n
tis
s
u
es
b
u
t
also
ef
f
ec
tiv
el
y
lo
wer
SAR
lev
els,
en
h
an
cin
g
th
eir
s
u
itab
ilit
y
f
o
r
th
er
ap
eu
tic
p
u
r
p
o
s
es wh
ile
m
in
im
izin
g
r
is
k
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
en
er
g
y
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
.
9.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
ar
ticle
d
escr
ib
es
an
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
f
ea
tu
r
ed
f
o
u
r
h
e
x
ag
o
n
al
-
s
h
ap
e
d
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
o
n
th
e
u
p
p
er
s
u
r
f
ac
e
o
f
a
p
atch
f
o
r
b
i
o
m
ed
ical
telem
etr
y
.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
w
as
s
im
u
lated
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
u
s
i
n
g
HFSS
an
d
C
ST
s
o
f
twar
e,
r
esu
lted
in
a
m
aj
o
r
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
in
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
a
t
a
r
eso
n
a
n
ce
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
2
.
4
5
GHz
with
a
h
ig
h
b
an
d
wid
th
o
f
2
4
4
.
8
MH
z.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
s
im
u
latio
n
s
we
r
e
co
n
d
u
cted
i
n
v
ar
i
o
u
s
tis
s
u
es
(
s
k
in
,
f
at,
an
d
m
u
s
cles)
to
ass
ess
th
e
an
ten
n
a
’
s
im
p
ac
t,
with
SAR
v
alu
es
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
with
in
ac
c
ep
tab
le
li
m
its
as
o
u
tlin
ed
b
y
I
E
E
E
C
9
5
.
1
:1
9
9
9
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ac
t
s
ize
an
d
en
h
an
ce
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
an
ten
n
a
m
ak
e
i
t
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
u
s
e
in
im
p
lan
tab
le
m
ed
ical
d
ev
ices.
Fu
r
th
er
r
esear
ch
co
u
ld
ex
p
l
o
r
e
th
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
im
p
lan
tin
g
th
e
an
ten
n
a
in
d
if
f
er
en
t
lo
ca
tio
n
s
with
in
a
h
u
m
an
b
o
d
y
m
o
d
el
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
s
af
ety
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
wir
eless
m
ed
ical
d
ev
ices.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
is
wo
r
k
is
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
Pr
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
L
a
b
o
r
ato
r
y
“
L
T
I
T
”
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
o
f
th
is
wo
r
k
th
an
k
th
e
an
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
r
ev
ie
wer
s
f
o
r
th
ei
r
ca
r
ef
u
l
r
ea
d
in
g
an
d
th
eir
in
s
ig
h
tf
u
l
co
m
m
en
ts
an
d
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
S
.
M
.
A
.
S
h
a
h
,
M
.
Za
d
a
,
J
.
N
a
s
i
r
,
O
.
O
w
a
i
s,
A
.
I
q
b
a
l
,
a
n
d
H
.
Y
o
o
,
“
M
i
n
i
a
t
u
r
i
z
e
d
f
o
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