I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
5
,
p
p
.
26
8
~
27
5
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
jaas
.
v
1
4
.
i
1
.
pp
26
8
-
27
5
268
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
a
a
s
.
ia
esco
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m
Fuzzy a
na
ly
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hi
erarchy
proces
s f
o
r ana
ly
sis
of barriers to
ha
la
l supply
chain a
do
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d
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Da
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M
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Ut
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R
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Dec
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Acc
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J
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26
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Th
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sin
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in
.
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t
h
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a
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s
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b
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s,
v
a
rio
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s
b
a
rriers
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st
b
e
in
v
e
stig
a
ted
.
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i
s
stu
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x
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m
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o
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M
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T
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z
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a
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ly
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late
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a
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p
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ies
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e
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a
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si
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ifi
c
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t
b
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o
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s
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ro
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m
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d
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k
o
f
tec
h
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s
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p
ro
c
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e
s
b
y
h
a
lal
sta
n
d
a
r
d
s.
T
h
e
imp
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
th
is
stu
d
y
s
u
g
g
e
st
th
e
n
e
e
d
fo
r
b
e
t
ter
su
p
p
o
rt
stra
teg
ies
fr
o
m
th
e
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o
v
e
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m
e
n
t
a
n
d
re
lev
a
n
t
a
g
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c
ies
,
a
s
we
ll
a
s
a
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e
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a
n
d
u
n
d
e
rsta
n
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i
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ra
isin
g
e
ff
o
rts
a
m
o
n
g
S
M
Es
t
o
o
v
e
rc
o
m
e
th
e
se
b
a
rriers
a
n
d
fa
c
il
i
tate
th
e
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
o
f
h
a
lal
su
p
p
l
y
c
h
a
in
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
B
ar
r
ier
s
Fu
zz
y
AHP
Hala
l a
d
o
p
tio
n
SME
s
Su
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ar
d
i A
g
u
s
tia
B
ah
tiar
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
I
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Facu
lty
o
f
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Un
iv
er
s
itas
Mu
h
am
m
ad
i
y
a
h
Ma
lan
g
Ma
lan
g
,
E
ast J
av
a,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: a
r
d
iag
u
s
tia2
0
0
1
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
,
ad
o
p
tin
g
t
h
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
in
s
m
all
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
-
s
ized
f
o
o
d
en
ter
p
r
is
es
(
SME
s
)
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
a
k
ey
f
o
cu
s
in
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
b
u
s
in
ess
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
p
r
o
d
u
ct
h
alaln
es
s
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
Ad
o
p
tin
g
a
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
is
ess
en
t
ial
f
o
r
f
o
o
d
SME
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
eir
o
p
er
atio
n
al
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
th
eir
p
r
o
d
u
cts
co
m
p
l
y
with
estab
lis
h
ed
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
[
3
]
,
[
4
]
.
B
y
I
s
lam
ic
law,
ev
er
y
M
u
s
lim
m
u
s
t
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
f
o
o
d
c
o
n
s
u
m
ed
is
co
m
p
letely
h
alal
[
5
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
f
o
o
d
SME
s
m
u
s
t
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
en
tire
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
,
s
h
ip
p
i
n
g
,
an
d
s
t
o
r
in
g
th
eir
p
r
o
d
u
cts
co
m
p
li
es
with
ap
p
licab
le
h
alal
s
t
an
d
ar
d
s
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
I
m
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
l
y
ch
ain
ca
n
h
elp
SME
s
m
an
a
g
e
th
e
s
u
p
p
l
y
ch
ain
ef
f
ec
tiv
el
y
wh
ile
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
n
f
id
e
n
ce
in
th
e
h
alal
p
r
o
d
u
cts
th
ey
o
f
f
er
[
8
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
ad
o
p
tin
g
t
h
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
is
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t stra
teg
y
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
b
u
s
in
ess
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
cts s
o
ld
m
ee
t h
alal
cr
iter
ia
[
9
]
.
I
d
en
tify
in
g
th
e
b
ar
r
ier
s
th
at
h
i
n
d
er
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
s
am
o
n
g
SME
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
is
ess
en
tial
a
s
it
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
h
alal
in
teg
r
ity
o
f
f
o
o
d
p
r
o
d
u
c
ts
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
h
alal
f
o
o
d
h
as
in
cr
ea
s
e
d
d
o
m
esti
ca
lly
an
d
in
ter
n
atio
n
a
lly
in
r
ec
e
n
t
y
ea
r
s
[
1
1
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
m
an
y
SME
s
s
till
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
if
f
ic
u
lties
in
teg
r
atin
g
h
alal
p
r
in
cip
les
i
n
to
th
eir
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
s
,
wh
i
ch
ca
n
r
aise
d
o
u
b
ts
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
q
u
ality
a
n
d
h
alaln
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
cts
[
3
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
c
o
n
d
u
ctin
g
a
n
i
n
-
d
ep
th
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
b
ar
r
i
er
s
h
in
d
er
in
g
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
ad
o
p
tio
n
i
n
SME
s
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
aim
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
SME
s
'
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
ab
ilit
y
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
F
u
z
z
y
a
n
a
lytic
h
iera
r
ch
y
p
r
o
c
ess
fo
r
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f b
a
r
r
ier
s
to
h
a
la
l su
p
p
ly
c
h
a
in
…
(
Da
n
a
Ma
r
s
etiya
Uta
ma
)
269
m
an
ag
e
th
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
[
1
2
]
.
W
ith
o
u
t
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
a
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
,
th
er
e
is
n
o
g
u
ar
an
tee
th
a
t
p
r
o
d
u
cts
claim
ed
to
b
e
h
alal
m
ee
t
th
ese
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
wh
en
co
n
s
u
m
ed
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
m
u
s
t
m
ain
tain
h
a
lal
in
teg
r
ity
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t th
e
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
ws
v
ar
io
u
s
asp
ec
ts
o
f
ad
o
p
tin
g
a
n
d
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
s
in
m
u
ltip
le
co
n
tex
ts
.
N
g
ah
et
a
l
.
[
1
4
]
co
n
d
u
cted
an
ex
p
lo
r
ato
r
y
s
tu
d
y
o
n
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
a
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
am
o
n
g
Ma
lay
s
ian
h
alal
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
,
wh
ic
h
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
in
iti
al
in
s
ig
h
t
s
in
to
th
e
c
h
allen
g
es
an
d
o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
ities
f
ac
ed
b
y
Ma
lay
s
ian
h
alal
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
.
Nex
t,
Hale
em
et
a
l
.
[
1
6
]
u
s
ed
in
ter
p
r
etiv
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
m
o
d
elin
g
(
I
SM)
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
ass
ess
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
ad
o
p
tin
g
an
d
im
p
le
m
en
t
in
g
h
alal
p
r
ac
tices
in
lo
g
is
tics
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
I
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
Su
s
an
ty
et
a
l
.
[
1
7
]
m
ap
p
e
d
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
im
p
le
m
en
tin
g
h
alal
lo
g
is
tics
in
f
o
o
d
,
b
ev
e
r
ag
e,
a
n
d
in
g
r
ed
ien
t
co
m
p
a
n
ies
u
s
in
g
I
SM,
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
a
d
ee
p
e
r
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
lo
ca
l
ch
allen
g
es.
L
esta
r
i
et
a
l
.
[
1
8
]
id
en
tify
b
a
r
r
ier
s
an
d
d
r
iv
e
r
s
o
f
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
ad
o
p
tio
n
in
s
m
all
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
en
ter
p
r
is
es
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
wh
ile
Ar
d
ian
to
n
o
et
a
l
.
[
1
9
]
o
f
f
er
o
b
s
tacle
m
ap
s
an
d
s
tr
ateg
ic
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
u
s
in
g
an
aly
tic
n
etwo
r
k
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
f
o
r
SME
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
Kh
a
n
et
a
l
.
[
2
0
]
a
n
aly
ze
b
a
r
r
ier
s
in
h
ala
l
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
b
est
-
wo
r
s
t
m
eth
o
d
(
B
W
M)
.
Kh
an
et
a
l
.
[
2
1
]
ev
alu
ate
o
b
s
tacle
s
in
ad
o
p
tin
g
h
alal
ce
r
tific
atio
n
with
a
f
u
zz
y
DE
MA
T
E
L
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
th
e
ch
allen
g
es
f
ac
ed
i
n
th
e
h
al
al
ce
r
tific
atio
n
a
n
d
ad
o
p
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
W
h
ile
th
er
e
ar
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
o
n
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
ti
o
n
,
th
er
e
ar
e
s
till
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
g
ap
s
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
elate
d
to
r
a
n
k
in
g
h
a
lal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
ti
o
n
,
esp
ec
ially
in
u
n
ce
r
tain
o
r
f
u
zz
y
d
ata.
Mo
s
t
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
f
o
cu
s
o
n
ex
ac
t
d
ata
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
s
tu
d
ies
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
asp
ec
ts
o
f
u
n
ce
r
tai
n
ty
in
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
ar
e
r
ar
ely
in
v
e
s
tig
ated
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
aim
s
to
f
ill
th
e
g
ap
b
y
ass
e
s
s
in
g
th
e
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
a
d
o
p
tio
n
i
n
f
o
o
d
SME
s
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
u
zz
y
an
aly
tic
h
ier
ar
c
h
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
f
u
zz
y
AHP)
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
was
c
h
o
s
en
f
o
r
it
s
ab
ilit
y
to
h
an
d
le
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
an
d
s
u
b
jectiv
ity
in
ju
d
g
m
en
t
a
n
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
weig
h
tin
g
o
f
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
o
b
s
tacle
s
en
co
u
n
ter
ed
.
W
ith
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
th
is
r
esear
ch
ca
n
b
e
a
s
tr
o
n
g
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
s
tr
ateg
ies
an
d
p
o
licies
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
SME
s
'
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
h
alal
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
th
is
r
es
ea
r
ch
is
ex
p
ec
te
d
to
p
o
s
itiv
el
y
co
n
tr
i
b
u
te
to
th
e
a
d
v
an
ce
m
e
n
t
o
f
f
o
o
d
SME
s
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
d
ee
p
er
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
t
o
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
ch
allen
g
es
an
d
s
tr
ateg
ic
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
to
o
v
er
c
o
m
e
th
em
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
P
r
o
po
s
a
l pro
ce
du
re
T
o
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
p
r
i
o
r
itized
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
th
r
ee
m
ain
s
tag
es
a
s
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e
is
id
en
tify
in
g
an
d
s
elec
tin
g
b
ar
r
ier
s
,
wh
er
e
v
ar
io
u
s
b
ar
r
ier
s
th
at
m
ay
in
ter
f
er
e
with
ad
o
p
tin
g
th
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
an
d
s
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
an
d
ex
p
er
t
in
p
u
t.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tag
e
in
v
o
lv
es
th
e
p
air
w
is
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
b
ar
r
ier
s
,
wh
er
e
th
e
ch
o
s
en
b
ar
r
ier
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
e
d
in
p
ai
r
s
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
eir
r
elativ
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
en
s
u
r
es th
at
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
et
wee
n
b
ar
r
ier
s
ca
n
b
e
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
s
tag
e
is
th
e
a
s
s
ess
m
en
t
o
f
o
b
s
tacle
weig
h
ts
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP,
wh
er
e
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
m
eth
o
d
is
ap
p
lied
to
g
iv
e
weig
h
t
to
ea
ch
o
b
s
tacle
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
p
air
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
allo
ws
f
o
r
a
m
o
r
e
f
lex
ib
le
ass
es
s
m
en
t
o
f
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
a
n
d
s
u
b
jectiv
ity
in
d
ec
is
io
n
s
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
a
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
a
te
r
an
k
in
g
o
f
th
e
p
r
io
r
itizatio
n
o
f
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
u
s
es
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
m
eth
o
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
C
h
an
g
[
2
6
]
to
p
r
i
o
r
itize
th
e
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
s
tar
ts
b
y
co
n
s
tr
u
ctin
g
a
p
air
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
m
atr
ix
o
f
th
e
o
b
s
tacle
s
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
id
e
n
tifie
d
.
E
ac
h
elem
en
t
in
th
is
m
atr
ix
is
s
co
r
ed
u
s
in
g
f
u
zz
y
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
,
u
s
u
ally
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
tr
ian
g
u
lar
f
u
zz
y
n
u
m
b
er
s
(
T
FN)
,
t
o
ca
p
t
u
r
e
t
h
e
u
n
ce
r
ta
in
ty
a
n
d
s
u
b
jectiv
ity
in
th
e
s
co
r
in
g
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
T
FN v
ar
iab
les o
f
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
I
n
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
m
eth
o
d
,
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
is
to
cr
ea
te
a
p
air
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
m
atr
ix
o
f
lin
g
u
is
tic
v
ar
iab
les co
n
v
e
r
ted
in
to
T
FN,
wh
ich
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
(
1
)
.
Ma
tr
ix
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
f
u
zz
y
AHP
ar
e
f
o
r
m
u
late
d
in
(
2
)
an
d
(
3
)
.
T
h
e
e
q
u
atio
n
h
o
l
d
s
if
th
er
e
ar
e
two
f
u
zz
y
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
1
=
(
1
,
1
,
1
)
an
d
2
=
(
2
,
2
,
2
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
p
r
io
r
itiz
ed
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
a
in
ad
o
p
tio
n
T
ab
le
1
.
L
in
g
u
is
tic
an
d
tr
ian
g
u
lar
v
ar
iab
les
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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Li
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1,
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1
1,
1,
1
El
e
m
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m
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i
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IP
1,
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3
1
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3
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1
El
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s m
o
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e
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r
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2,
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,
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2
El
e
m
e
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t
o
n
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i
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t
e
r
m
e
d
i
a
t
e
p
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
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e
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3,
4,
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El
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e
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t
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4,
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El
e
m
e
n
t
o
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e
:
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n
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
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e
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e
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5,
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1
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7
,
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El
e
m
e
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t
o
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:
v
e
r
y
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o
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m
o
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VI
6,
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6
̅
=
[
1
̅
12
…
̅
1
̅
21
1
…
̅
2
⋮
⋮
⋱
⋮
̅
1
̅
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…
1
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(
1
)
1
⊕
2
=
(
1
,
1
,
1
)
⊕
(
2
,
2
,
2
)
=
(
1
+
2
,
1
+
2
,
1
+
2
)
(
2
)
1
⊗
2
=
(
1
,
1
,
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⊗
(
2
,
2
,
2
)
=
(
1
2
,
1
2
,
1
2
)
(
3
)
Nex
t,
th
e
s
y
n
th
esis
v
alu
e
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
,
w
h
ich
is
d
escr
ib
ed
in
(
4
)
.
T
h
e
s
u
m
o
f
th
e
v
a
lu
es
in
th
e
co
lu
m
n
s
o
f
ea
ch
m
atr
ix
r
o
w
i
s
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
(
5
)
,
with
j
as
th
e
co
lu
m
n
in
d
e
x
an
d
i
as
t
h
e
r
o
w
in
d
ex
.
T
h
e
T
FN
n
u
m
b
er
is
d
e
n
o
ted
as
M,
with
m
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
in
d
icato
r
s
an
d
g
as
th
e
T
FN
p
ar
am
eter
.
T
h
e
n
ex
t
s
tep
is
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
th
e
m
ath
em
atica
l
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
eled
in
(
6
)
to
o
b
tain
th
e
in
v
er
s
e
o
f
(
4
)
.
Af
ter
th
at,
th
e
lev
el
b
etwe
en
f
u
zz
y
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
f
o
r
e
ac
h
in
d
icato
r
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
(
7
)
,
w
h
ich
r
esu
lts
in
a
f
u
z
zy
co
n
v
ec
tio
n
s
u
m
with
1
≥
2
.
=
∑
=
1
⊗
[
∑
∑
=
1
=
1
]
-
1
(
4
)
∑
=
1
=
∑
,
=
1
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,
=
1
∑
=
1
(
5
)
[
∑
∑
=
1
=
1
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−
1
=
1
∑
,
=
1
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,
=
1
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=
1
(
6
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(
2
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=
{
1
;
2
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;
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2
1
−
2
(
2
−
2
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−
(
1
−
1
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;
ℎ
(
7
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I
n
th
e
d
ef
u
zz
if
icatio
n
s
tag
e,
E
q
u
atio
n
(
8
)
is
u
s
ed
to
ass
ess
th
e
d
ef
u
zz
if
icatio
n
m
o
d
el
b
ased
o
n
ce
r
tai
n
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
s
,
wh
er
e
th
e
weig
h
t
v
ec
to
r
v
alu
e
is
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
(
9
)
.
T
h
e
weig
h
t
n
o
r
m
aliza
tio
n
is
f
o
r
m
u
lated
in
(
1
0
)
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
g
en
er
ates p
r
io
r
itized
weig
h
ts
th
at
en
a
b
l
e
m
o
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
e
d
an
d
s
y
s
tem
at
ic
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
u
n
d
er
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
u
n
ce
r
tain
t
y
.
(
≥
1
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2
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…
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=
(
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,
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≥
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i=1
,
2
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k
(
8
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′
=
(
′
(
1
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′
(
2
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…
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′
(
)
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(
9
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=
(
(
1
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,
(
2
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,
…
,
(
)
)
(
1
0
)
2
.
2
.
Da
t
a
a
nd
ca
s
e
s
t
ud
y
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
p
r
io
r
itiz
in
g
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
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u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
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p
tio
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co
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d
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o
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f
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o
d
(
SME
s
)
in
Ma
lan
g
C
ity
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
Ma
lan
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C
ity
was
ch
o
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en
as
th
e
r
esear
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lo
ca
ti
o
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s
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it
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t
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f
r
a
p
id
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win
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f
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ac
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n
th
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y
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two
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p
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two
h
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p
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with
in
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m
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with
ex
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in
th
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h
alal
s
u
p
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ly
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ain
.
T
h
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s
elec
tio
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f
f
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ex
p
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ts
aim
s
to
o
b
tain
d
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d
in
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T
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id
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f
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b
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tacle
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ac
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h
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p
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as
b
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p
r
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ted
in
T
ab
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2
.
A
p
air
wis
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co
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p
ar
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o
h
alal
s
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p
p
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ch
ain
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p
tio
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ca
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b
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I
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2252
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8
8
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3
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a
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p
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d
u
c
t
s
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h r
esu
lt
s
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
o
n
th
e
p
r
io
r
ity
weig
h
tin
g
o
f
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
ad
o
p
tin
g
th
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
h
ig
h
est
-
weig
h
ted
b
ar
r
ier
s
wer
e
id
en
tifi
ed
as
th
e
m
ain
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
th
is
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
o
b
s
tacle
with
th
e
h
ig
h
est
weig
h
t
o
f
0
.
0
6
8
1
is
th
e
"lac
k
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
o
f
th
e
h
alal
in
d
u
s
tr
y
"
.
I
t
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
h
ig
h
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
co
s
t
o
r
lack
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
is
th
e
m
ain
f
ac
to
r
h
i
n
d
er
in
g
SME
s
f
r
o
m
ad
o
p
tin
g
a
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e,
th
e
o
b
s
tacle
o
f
th
e
cr
iter
io
n
"lac
k
o
f
willin
g
n
ess
to
a
d
o
p
t
an
d
im
p
lem
e
n
t
h
alal
in
th
e
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
"
also
h
as
a
s
i
g
n
if
ican
t
weig
h
t
o
f
0
.
0
6
7
9
.
T
h
ese
b
a
r
r
ier
s
r
elate
to
th
e
d
if
f
icu
lties
i
n
d
ea
lin
g
with
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
a
in
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
an
d
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
th
e
lar
g
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
ap
er
wo
r
k
an
d
co
m
p
lex
v
er
if
icatio
n
p
r
o
c
ess
es,
wh
ich
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
willin
g
n
ess
o
f
SME
o
wn
er
s
to
ad
o
p
t
an
d
im
p
lem
en
t
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
e
cr
iter
io
n
"lac
k
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
s
ts
in
m
an
ag
i
n
g
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
at
co
m
p
ly
with
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
"
is
th
e
n
e
x
t
b
a
r
r
ier
,
weig
h
in
g
0
.
0
6
3
7
.
T
h
ese
b
ar
r
ier
s
i
n
d
icat
e
th
at
a
tr
ac
ea
b
ilit
y
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
h
a
lal
p
r
o
d
u
cts is
also
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t b
ar
r
ie
r
to
m
a
n
ag
in
g
f
o
o
d
SME
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
r
ev
ea
l
th
at
th
e
m
ai
n
b
a
r
r
ier
s
to
ad
o
p
tin
g
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
s
in
f
o
o
d
SME
s
ar
e
clo
s
ely
r
elate
d
to
lim
ited
f
u
n
d
s
,
willin
g
n
ess
to
ad
o
p
t
an
d
im
p
lem
en
t
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
s
ts
.
T
h
e
o
b
s
tacle
with
th
e
h
ig
h
est
weig
h
t,
n
am
ely
"lac
k
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
o
f
th
e
h
alal
in
d
u
s
tr
y
",
is
in
lin
e
with
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
Aza
m
an
d
A
b
d
u
llah
[
3
5
]
,
w
h
ich
also
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
f
in
an
ci
al
lim
itatio
n
s
as
a
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
in
ad
o
p
t
in
g
h
alal
p
r
ac
tices
in
th
e
SM
E
s
ec
to
r
.
Hig
h
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
co
s
ts
an
d
lack
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
h
in
d
er
SME
s
'
ef
f
o
r
ts
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
m
ar
k
et
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
h
alal
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
b
o
ttlen
ec
k
"lac
k
o
f
willin
g
n
e
s
s
to
ad
o
p
t
an
d
im
p
lem
en
t
h
alal
in
th
e
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
"
r
ef
lects
d
if
f
icu
lties
in
b
u
r
ea
u
c
r
atic
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
an
d
c
o
m
p
lex
d
o
cu
m
en
tatio
n
,
wh
ic
h
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
also
f
o
u
n
d
I
b
er
ah
im
et
a
l
.
[
3
6
]
in
th
eir
r
esear
ch
o
n
b
u
r
ea
u
cr
a
tic
o
b
s
tacle
s
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
h
alal
lo
g
is
tics
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
lex
ity
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
an
d
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
p
ap
er
wo
r
k
d
i
s
co
u
r
ag
e
SME
o
wn
er
s
f
r
o
m
g
ettin
g
u
p
an
d
r
u
n
n
in
g
with
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
b
o
ttlen
ec
k
"lac
k
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
s
ts
in
m
an
ag
in
g
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
co
m
p
lian
t
with
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
"
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
ad
e
q
u
ate
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
an
d
tr
ac
ea
b
ili
ty
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
cr
itical
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
268
-
2
7
5
272
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
as
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
b
y
Ar
s
h
ad
et
a
l
.
[
1
3
]
.
L
ac
k
o
f
in
v
estme
n
t
in
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
lea
d
s
to
d
if
f
icu
lties
in
m
an
ag
in
g
ef
f
icien
t
an
d
tr
a
n
s
p
ar
en
t
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
co
n
f
ir
m
s
t
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
f
i
n
an
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
s
im
p
lifie
d
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
an
d
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
v
estme
n
t
to
en
co
u
r
a
g
e
wid
er
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
l
y
c
h
ain
in
th
e
f
o
o
d
SME
s
ec
to
r
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Pair
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
b
ar
r
ier
s
B
1
-
B
1
5
B
a
r
r
i
e
r
s
P
a
i
r
w
i
se
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
s
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B
1
0
B
1
1
B
1
2
B
1
3
B
1
4
B
1
5
B1
EI
IP
MI
1
/
M
I
IP
IE
1
/
I
E
IP
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
IP
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
E
IE
B2
EI
IE
1
/
I
P
MI
IP
IP
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
MI
1
/
I
E
1
/
M
I
MI
B3
EI
1
/
I
P
IE
MI
MI
IE
IP
MI
IE
IE
IP
MI
IP
B4
EI
IP
MI
MI
MI
MI
MI
MI
IP
IP
IP
MI
B5
EI
IP
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
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IP
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
IP
B6
EI
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
P
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
EI
B7
EI
MI
IP
IP
IP
IE
IE
1
/
I
P
IP
B8
EI
IP
IP
MI
IP
IP
1
/
M
I
MI
B9
EI
MI
MI
MI
IP
MI
IP
B
1
0
EI
IE
IP
MI
1
/
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P
MI
B
1
1
EI
MI
IE
1
/
I
E
IP
B
1
2
EI
1
/
I
E
1
/
M
I
MI
B
1
3
EI
1
/
M
I
MI
B
1
4
EI
MI
B
1
5
EI
T
ab
le
4
.
Pair
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
b
ar
r
ier
s
B
1
6
-
B
3
0
B
a
r
r
i
e
r
s
P
a
i
r
w
i
se
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
s
B
1
6
B
1
7
B
1
8
B
1
9
B
2
0
B
2
1
B
2
2
B
2
3
B
2
4
B
2
5
B
2
6
B
2
7
B
2
8
B
2
9
B
3
0
B1
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
P
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
MI
1
/
I
P
B2
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
P
1
/
I
E
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
IP
IP
1
/
I
P
1
/
M
I
1
/
M
I
B3
1
/
I
P
1
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M
I
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
1
/
I
P
1
/
I
E
1
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M
I
1
/
I
P
1
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1
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I
P
1
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I
E
1
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1
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I
1
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M
I
1
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I
E
B4
1
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P
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IE
MI
EI
IE
IP
MI
MI
1
/
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MI
1
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M
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1
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P
MI
B5
1
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M
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1
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M
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1
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M
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1
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1
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M
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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MI
1
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1
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1
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1
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B6
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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B7
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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I
E
IE
1
/
I
E
MI
B
1
8
EI
MI
MI
IP
IP
MI
IP
MI
1
/
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P
1
/
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E
1
/
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P
1
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E
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1
9
EI
IE
1
/
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E
MI
IP
1
/
M
I
1
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I
E
MI
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1
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P
1
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B
2
0
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1
/
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P
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1
/
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I
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1
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1
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2
1
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MI
IE
MI
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1
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1
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1
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E
B
2
2
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IE
1
/
M
I
1
/
I
E
IP
1
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I
P
1
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I
P
1
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I
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IP
B
2
3
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1
/
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E
1
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1
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E
1
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1
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I
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2
4
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8
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M
I
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9
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MI
B
3
0
EI
3
.
2
.
T
heo
re
t
ica
l
a
nd
m
a
na
g
er
ia
l im
pli
ca
t
io
ns
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
aim
s
to
m
ak
e
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
th
eo
r
etica
l
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
b
y
id
en
tif
y
in
g
a
n
d
p
r
io
r
itizin
g
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AH
P
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
th
at
th
e
m
ain
b
ar
r
ier
s
ar
e
lack
o
f
f
u
n
d
in
g
f
o
r
h
alal
in
d
u
s
tr
y
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
(
B
2
6
)
,
L
ac
k
o
f
willin
g
n
ess
to
ad
o
p
t
an
d
im
p
lem
en
t
h
alal
in
th
e
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
(
B
4
)
,
an
d
lack
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
s
ts
in
m
an
ag
in
g
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
at
co
m
p
ly
with
h
alal
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
(
B
2
3
)
with
c
o
d
e
t
h
ir
d
elem
en
ts
a
r
e
e
q
u
ally
im
p
o
r
tan
t
(
E
I
)
ar
e
lim
ited
f
u
n
d
s
,
lack
o
f
willin
g
n
ess
t
o
ad
o
p
t,
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
s
ts
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
d
ee
p
in
s
ig
h
t
i
n
to
t
h
e
cr
itical
f
ac
t
o
r
s
h
in
d
er
in
g
a
d
o
p
tio
n
in
th
e
f
o
o
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
F
u
z
z
y
a
n
a
lytic
h
iera
r
ch
y
p
r
o
c
ess
fo
r
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f b
a
r
r
ier
s
to
h
a
la
l su
p
p
ly
c
h
a
in
…
(
Da
n
a
Ma
r
s
etiya
Uta
ma
)
273
SME
s
ec
to
r
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
th
e
b
ar
ch
a
r
t
ab
o
v
e
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
e
s
u
lts
o
f
p
r
io
r
itizin
g
t
h
e
weig
h
ts
o
f
ea
ch
b
ar
r
ier
.
T
h
ese
weig
h
ts
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
air
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
r
esu
lts
,
wh
ich
in
d
icate
ea
ch
b
ar
r
ier
'
s
r
elativ
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
in
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
B
ar
r
ier
s
with
th
e
h
ig
h
est
w
eig
h
ts
(
s
u
ch
as
B
2
6
,
B
4
,
an
d
B
2
3
)
h
av
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
,
wh
ile
b
ar
r
ier
s
with
th
e
lo
west
weig
h
ts
(
s
u
ch
as
B
1
an
d
B
6
)
h
a
v
e
less
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
in
th
e
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
eo
r
etica
lly
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ex
ten
d
s
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
o
n
h
ala
l
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
a
d
o
p
tio
n
b
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
an
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
a
t
co
n
s
id
er
s
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
an
d
a
m
b
ig
u
ity
in
th
e
d
ata,
wh
ich
is
o
f
ten
o
v
er
lo
o
k
ed
in
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
f
o
cu
s
m
o
r
e
o
n
co
m
p
lex
d
ata.
Fro
m
a
m
an
ag
er
ial
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
e
p
r
ac
tical
g
u
id
an
ce
f
o
r
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
in
th
e
f
o
o
d
SME
s
ec
to
r
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
cr
itical
b
ar
r
ier
s
in
ad
o
p
tin
g
a
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
c
h
ain
.
SME
m
an
ag
er
s
an
d
o
wn
er
s
ca
n
u
s
e
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
to
p
lan
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
b
u
d
g
et
allo
ca
tio
n
s
,
p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
f
o
r
h
alal
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
an
d
in
v
estme
n
t
in
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
s
im
p
lify
i
n
g
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
an
d
r
elev
a
n
t
ag
e
n
cies
m
ay
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
willin
g
n
ess
o
f
SME
s
to
ad
o
p
t
a
n
d
im
p
lem
en
t
h
alal
s
t
an
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
ese
im
p
licatio
n
s
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
wit
h
th
e
r
ig
h
t
s
tr
ateg
ies,
SME
s
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
eir
b
u
s
in
ess
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
wh
ile
m
ee
tin
g
t
h
e
g
r
o
win
g
m
ar
k
et
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
h
alal
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Prio
r
ity
weig
h
tin
g
r
e
s
u
lts
o
f
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
l
y
ch
ain
a
d
o
p
tio
n
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
c
o
n
clu
d
es
th
at
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
m
eth
o
d
is
ess
en
tial
in
o
v
er
co
m
i
n
g
b
ar
r
ier
s
t
o
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ai
n
a
d
o
p
tio
n
in
f
o
o
d
SME
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
id
en
t
if
ied
s
ev
er
al
p
r
io
r
ity
b
ar
r
ier
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
lack
o
f
a
t
r
ac
ea
b
ilit
y
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
h
alal
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
th
e
h
ig
h
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
c
o
s
t
o
f
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
a
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
,
an
d
th
e
lack
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
f
o
r
h
al
al
in
d
u
s
tr
y
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
.
W
h
ile
th
is
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
v
alu
a
b
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
,
s
o
m
e
lim
itatio
n
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
n
o
ted
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
was
lim
ited
to
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
l
o
ca
tio
n
,
n
am
e
ly
Ma
lan
g
C
ity
.
I
t
in
v
o
lv
e
d
o
n
ly
f
iv
e
e
x
p
er
ts
wh
o
s
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
es
m
ay
n
o
t
f
u
lly
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
e
n
tire
co
n
tex
t
o
f
f
o
o
d
SME
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
f
u
zz
y
AHP
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
s
till
h
as
lim
itatio
n
s
in
h
an
d
lin
g
co
m
p
lex
u
n
ce
r
tain
ties
.
Fo
r
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
,
ex
p
a
n
d
in
g
th
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
c
o
v
er
ag
e
a
n
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
an
d
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
o
t
h
er
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
is
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
to
g
ain
a
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
b
a
r
r
ier
s
to
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
Fu
r
th
er
r
esear
ch
co
u
l
d
also
ex
p
lo
r
e
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
id
en
tifie
d
b
ar
r
ier
s
an
d
ex
am
i
n
e
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
h
alal
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
a
in
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
n
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
g
r
o
wth
o
f
f
o
o
d
SME
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
A
.
S
a
r
w
a
r
,
A
.
Z
a
f
a
r
,
a
n
d
A
.
Q
a
d
i
r
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
a
n
d
p
r
i
o
r
i
t
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
r
i
s
k
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
i
n
t
h
e
ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
h
a
l
a
l
s
u
p
p
l
y
c
h
a
i
n
man
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
”
D
i
sc
o
v
e
r
S
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
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e
c
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2
0
2
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,
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o
i
:
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0
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4
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6.
[
2
]
I
.
G
i
y
a
n
t
i
,
A
.
I
n
d
r
a
sari
,
W
.
S
u
t
o
p
o
,
a
n
d
E.
Li
q
u
i
d
d
a
n
u
,
“
H
a
l
a
l
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
m
p
l
e
me
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
f
o
o
d
ma
n
u
f
a
c
t
u
r
i
n
g
S
M
E
s:
i
t
s
d
r
i
v
e
r
s
a
n
d
i
mp
a
c
t
o
n
p
e
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
s
l
a
m
i
c
M
a
rk
e
t
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
5
7
7
–
1
6
0
2
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
1
,
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o
i
:
1
0
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1
1
0
8
/
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M
A
-
11
-
2
0
1
9
-
0
2
4
3.
0.0681
0.0679
0.0637
0.0627
0.0622
0.0592
0.0548
0.0546
0.0526
0.0516
0.0513
0.0473
0.0437
0.0404
0.0386
0.0369
0.0315
0.0312
0.0234
0.0226
0.0193
0.0055
0.005
0.0044
0.0042
0.0037
0.0029
0.0026
0.0022
0.002
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
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