I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
5
,
p
p
.
2
3
5
~
24
6
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijaas
.
v
1
4
.
i
1
.
pp
235
-
2
4
6
235
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
a
a
s
.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Do
mes
tic
wa
st
ew
a
ter
tr
ea
tment
sy
stem using
was
t
e
pla
stic
bo
tt
le caps
as
bio
f
ilter
me
dia
M
uli
y
a
di
M
uli
y
a
di
1
,
P
urwa
n
t
o
P
urwa
nto
2
,
Sri Sum
iy
a
t
i
3
,
B
ud
iy
o
no
B
u
diy
o
no
2
,
Su
da
r
no
Su
da
rno
3
,
B
ud
i
Wa
rsito
4
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
G
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
o
f
En
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
P
o
s
t
g
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
a
s
D
i
p
o
n
e
g
o
r
o
,
S
e
mara
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
2
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
C
h
e
m
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
a
s
D
i
p
o
n
e
g
o
r
o
,
S
e
mara
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
3
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
a
s
D
i
p
o
n
e
g
o
r
o
,
S
e
m
a
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
4
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
S
t
a
t
i
s
t
i
c
s
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
M
a
t
h
e
ma
t
i
c
s,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
a
s
D
i
p
o
n
e
g
o
r
o
,
S
e
mar
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
u
n
1
0
,
2
0
2
4
R
ev
is
ed
J
an
5
,
2
0
2
5
Acc
ep
ted
J
an
2
6
,
2
0
2
5
Th
e
in
c
re
a
sin
g
lac
k
o
f
c
lea
n
wa
ter
h
a
s
c
re
a
t
e
d
a
p
a
ra
d
ig
m
fo
r
trea
ti
n
g
wa
ste
wa
ter
d
irec
tl
y
fro
m
th
e
so
u
rc
e
.
Th
is
stu
d
y
a
ime
d
to
d
e
term
in
e
th
e
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
f
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
d
o
m
e
stic
wa
ste
u
sin
g
p
las
ti
c
b
o
tt
le
c
a
p
s
in
t
h
e
a
n
a
e
ro
b
e
a
n
d
a
e
ro
b
e
re
a
c
to
r
sy
st
e
m
b
y
m
e
a
su
rin
g
se
v
e
ra
l
k
e
y
p
a
r
a
m
e
ters
in
wa
ste
wa
ter.
E
x
p
e
rime
n
tal
stu
d
y
o
n
o
n
-
si
te
wa
ste
wa
ter
trea
tm
e
n
t
sy
ste
m
u
sin
g
two
b
io
re
a
c
to
rs,
a
b
i
o
d
e
g
ra
d
a
t
io
n
m
a
d
e
fro
m
fru
it
a
n
d
v
e
g
e
t
a
b
le
p
e
e
l
wa
ste
,
a
n
d
lo
c
a
l
m
icro
o
rg
a
n
ism
s.
Do
m
e
stic
wa
ste
wa
ter
w
a
s
u
s
e
d
in
th
i
s
stu
d
y
.
T
h
e
wa
ste
wa
ter
trea
tme
n
t
sy
ste
m
'
s
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
w
a
s
m
o
n
it
o
re
d
u
sin
g
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
li
k
e
p
H
,
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
,
t
o
tal
s
u
sp
e
n
d
e
d
so
li
d
s
(
TS
S
)
,
c
h
e
m
ica
l
o
x
y
g
e
n
d
e
m
a
n
d
(
COD
)
,
a
n
d
b
io
c
h
e
m
ica
l
o
x
y
g
e
n
d
e
m
a
n
d
(
BOD
)
,
c
o
ll
e
c
ted
d
a
il
y
a
t
9
a
m
d
u
r
in
g
p
e
a
k
wa
ste
wa
ter
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
T
h
e
wa
ste
wa
te
r
trea
tme
n
t
sy
ste
m
u
sin
g
a
e
ro
b
e
a
n
d
a
n
a
e
ro
b
i
c
re
a
c
to
rs
with
p
las
ti
c
b
o
tt
le
c
a
p
m
e
d
ia
a
n
d
m
icro
o
rg
a
n
ism
b
io
d
e
g
ra
d
a
t
io
n
e
f
fe
c
ti
v
e
ly
re
d
u
c
e
d
t
h
e
TS
S
,
COD
,
a
n
d
BOD
.
Th
e
a
n
a
e
ro
b
e
re
a
c
to
rs
we
re
m
o
re
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
a
t
re
m
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
se
p
o
ll
u
tan
ts,
with
a
m
a
x
imu
m
TS
S
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
f
8
1
.
1
%
,
COD
re
m
o
v
a
l
e
fficie
n
c
y
o
f
9
0
.
1
%
,
a
n
d
BOD
re
m
o
v
a
l
e
ffici
e
n
c
y
o
f
8
0
.
2
%
.
T
h
e
lo
n
g
e
r
a
c
c
li
m
a
ti
z
a
ti
o
n
ti
m
e
o
f
th
e
a
n
a
e
ro
b
e
re
a
c
to
r
m
a
y
m
a
k
e
it
m
o
re
e
fficie
n
t
a
fter
a
c
c
li
m
a
ti
z
a
ti
o
n
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
th
e
a
e
ro
b
e
re
a
c
to
r.
Alth
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
a
n
a
e
ro
b
e
re
a
c
to
r
m
a
y
re
q
u
ire
a
lo
n
g
e
r
a
c
c
li
m
a
ti
z
a
ti
o
n
ti
m
e
,
it
u
lt
ima
tely
re
su
lt
s
in
a
h
ig
h
e
r
e
fficie
n
c
y
i
n
term
s o
f
TS
S
,
COD
,
a
n
d
BOD
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
th
e
a
e
ro
b
e
re
a
c
to
r.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Aer
o
b
e
An
ae
r
o
b
e
B
io
f
iltra
tio
n
Plas
tic
b
o
ttle c
ap
s
R
ea
cto
r
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mu
liy
ad
i M
u
liy
ad
i
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
Gr
ad
u
ate
Pr
o
g
r
am
o
f
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
Scien
ce
,
Facu
lty
o
f
Sch
o
o
l o
f
Po
s
tg
r
a
d
u
ate
Stu
d
ies
Un
iv
er
s
itas
Dip
o
n
eg
o
r
o
Sem
ar
an
g
-
5
0
2
4
1
,
C
en
tr
al
J
av
a,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: m
u
liy
ad
i.d
o
s
en
ter
n
ate
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
W
ater
s
ca
r
city
wo
r
ld
wid
e
is
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
d
ep
letio
n
o
f
cl
ea
n
wate
r
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
win
g
to
liq
u
id
waste
p
o
llu
tio
n
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
l
ac
k
o
f
clea
n
wate
r
h
as
cr
ea
ted
a
p
ar
ad
ig
m
f
o
r
tr
ea
tin
g
wastewate
r
d
ir
ec
tly
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
[
2
]
.
W
astewater
t
r
ea
tm
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
es,
b
o
t
h
p
h
y
s
ical,
ch
em
ical,
an
d
b
io
lo
g
i
ca
l,
ar
e
k
n
o
wn
to
p
r
ev
en
t
p
o
llu
tio
n
f
r
o
m
wa
ter
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Sev
er
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
at
ar
e
k
n
o
w
n
to
b
e
ab
le
to
r
ed
u
ce
p
o
llu
tan
t
l
o
ad
s
in
clu
d
e
co
a
g
u
latio
n
-
f
lo
cc
u
lati
o
n
,
ae
r
atio
n
,
ch
em
ical
o
x
id
ati
o
n
,
f
iltra
tio
n
,
an
d
b
io
f
iltra
tio
n
[
3
]
.
Do
m
esti
c
wastewate
r
co
n
tain
s
v
ar
io
u
s
k
in
d
s
o
f
d
an
g
e
r
o
u
s
co
n
tam
in
an
ts
in
clu
d
i
n
g
o
r
g
a
n
ic
m
atter
,
n
itro
g
en
,
p
h
o
s
p
h
o
r
u
s
,
an
d
p
ath
o
g
en
s
(
b
ac
ter
ia
an
d
v
ir
u
s
es)
[
4
]
.
Do
m
esti
c
wastewate
r
co
n
ten
t is in
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
s
ev
er
al
f
ac
to
r
s
,
s
u
ch
as
wea
th
er
co
n
d
i
tio
n
s
an
d
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
.
Sev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
tated
t
h
at
wea
th
er
af
f
ec
ts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
235
-
2
4
6
236
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t sy
s
tem
s
an
d
h
as a
n
im
p
ac
t o
n
wastewate
r
q
u
ality
.
I
t is k
n
o
wn
th
at
lo
w
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
co
n
tr
i
b
u
te
to
a
lo
n
g
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
lo
w
n
itrif
ica
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
id
ea
l
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
b
io
f
iltra
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
1
8
°
C
[
5
]
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
h
as
s
h
o
wn
th
at
p
o
l
y
eth
y
len
e
ter
ep
h
th
al
ate
(
PET
)
p
last
ic
m
ed
ia
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
b
r
ee
d
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
f
o
r
b
ac
te
r
ia
in
b
i
o
f
i
lter
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
.
Plas
tic
m
ed
ia
(
Pen
tair
'
s
Sweetwa
ter
SW
X
B
io
-
Me
d
ia
)
,
wh
ich
is
u
s
ed
as
a
b
io
f
ilter
,
is
also
k
n
o
wn
to
r
em
o
v
e
n
itra
t
e
f
r
o
m
wastewate
r
with
a
r
em
o
v
al
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
9
2
.
5
7
%
[
6
]
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
r
esear
ch
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
Do
r
ji
et
a
l.
[
7
]
,
p
last
ic
m
ed
ia
with
a
b
io
f
ilter
r
ea
cto
r
with
in
4
0
d
ay
s
was
ab
le
to
r
e
d
u
ce
t
o
tal
s
u
s
p
en
d
ed
s
o
lid
s
(
T
SS
)
b
y
8
0
%,
E
s
ch
er
ich
ia
co
li
by
8
4
.
6
-
9
2
.
4
%,
ch
em
ical
o
x
y
g
e
n
d
em
an
d
(
C
OD
)
=2
9
-
72%
,
a
n
d
b
io
ch
em
ical
o
x
y
g
e
n
d
em
a
n
d
(
B
OD
)
by
60
-
9
0
%.
Plas
tic
p
ac
k
ag
in
g
waste
b
u
r
ie
d
in
lan
d
f
ills
ca
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
t
o
air
,
wate
r
,
an
d
s
o
il
p
o
llu
tio
n
[
8
]
.
T
h
is
ty
p
e
o
f
PET
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
ca
p
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
f
ilter
m
ed
iu
m
o
r
s
u
b
s
titu
te
f
o
r
g
r
av
el
in
w
astewater
tr
ea
tm
en
t
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
its
h
ig
h
s
u
r
f
ac
e
a
r
ea
f
o
r
b
i
o
f
ilm
g
r
o
wth
.
Similar
to
m
o
s
t
p
last
ics,
PET
is
a
p
etr
o
leu
m
-
b
ased
p
o
ly
m
er
th
at
d
o
es
n
o
t
b
r
ea
k
d
o
wn
ea
s
ily
wh
e
n
r
elea
s
ed
i
n
to
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
PET
b
o
ttles
wer
e
u
s
ed
as
s
in
g
le
-
u
s
e
p
ac
k
ag
in
g
an
d
d
is
ca
r
d
ed
af
ter
th
e
f
ir
s
t
u
s
e
[
9
]
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
th
er
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
a
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
th
at
u
tili
ze
s
th
e
r
em
ain
in
g
PET
p
l
asti
c
b
o
ttle
ca
p
s
as
a
u
s
ef
u
l
m
ater
ial
af
ter
its
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
e.
B
io
f
iltra
tio
n
u
s
in
g
PET
b
o
ttle
ca
p
s
,
ap
ar
t
f
r
o
m
r
ed
u
cin
g
p
last
ic
waste,
is
also
ex
p
ec
ted
to
b
ec
o
m
e
a
n
ew
m
ed
iu
m
f
o
r
g
r
o
win
g
b
ac
ter
ia,
wh
ich
is
u
s
ef
u
l f
o
r
b
r
ea
k
in
g
d
o
wn
o
r
g
an
ic
m
ate
r
ials
an
d
p
o
llu
tan
ts
in
wastewate
r
.
Sev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
v
ar
io
u
s
ty
p
es
o
f
m
ed
ia
ca
n
b
ec
o
m
e
a
p
lace
f
o
r
b
ac
ter
ia
to
g
r
o
w
in
b
io
f
ilter
r
ea
cto
r
s
.
Mic
r
o
b
es
in
b
io
f
ilter
s
co
n
s
u
m
e
an
d
co
n
v
e
r
t
p
o
llu
tan
ts
in
to
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
alter
n
ativ
e
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
r
esear
ch
o
n
b
io
f
ilm
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
h
as
a
lo
n
g
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
tim
e
[
1
0
]
.
T
o
s
o
lv
e
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
,
it
is
h
o
p
e
d
th
at
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
lo
ca
l
m
icr
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
s
(
MO
L
)
will
ac
t
as
a
b
io
ac
tiv
at
o
r
f
o
r
b
ac
ter
ia
th
at
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
ly
ex
is
t
ed
in
wastewate
r
,
m
ak
in
g
it e
asier
to
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
e
wastewate
r
.
Sev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
d
is
cu
s
s
e
d
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
b
io
f
iltra
tio
n
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
p
o
llu
tan
ts
.
I
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
wastewate
r
m
an
ag
em
en
t
r
e
m
a
in
s
a
s
er
io
u
s
p
r
o
b
lem
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
im
m
e
d
iately
ad
d
r
ess
ed
[
1
1
]
.
Var
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
th
at
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
p
lan
t
s
(
W
W
T
P
)
ca
n
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
c
o
s
ts
an
d
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
alter
n
ativ
e
wastewa
ter
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
u
s
in
g
p
last
ic
o
r
o
t
h
er
m
ed
ia
[
1
2
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
b
i
o
f
ilter
d
esig
n
er
s
ten
d
to
f
o
cu
s
m
o
r
e
o
n
th
e
s
o
r
p
tio
n
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
th
e
b
io
f
ilter
lay
e
r
r
ath
er
th
an
o
n
o
p
tim
al
co
lo
n
izatio
n
b
y
b
ac
ter
ia
an
d
f
u
n
g
i
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
li
ttle
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
av
ailab
le
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
o
n
s
em
i
-
tech
n
ical
an
d
tech
n
ical
s
ca
les
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
aim
o
f
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
was
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
d
o
m
esti
c
waste
u
s
in
g
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
ca
p
s
in
an
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
y
s
tem
s
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
s
ev
er
al
k
ey
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
in
wastewate
r
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
elty
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
is
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
ca
p
s
as
an
in
ex
p
en
s
iv
e
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
f
r
ien
d
ly
alter
n
ativ
e
f
o
r
an
ae
r
o
b
e
a
n
d
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
y
s
tem
pr
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
f
d
o
m
esti
c
waste.
I
t is h
o
p
ed
th
at
th
is
r
esear
ch
will
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
a
f
f
o
r
d
a
b
le
waste
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
it
is
h
o
p
ed
t
h
at
th
is
r
esear
ch
will
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
o
v
er
co
m
i
n
g
d
o
m
esti
c
waste
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
I
t
is
h
o
p
ed
th
at
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ca
n
s
er
v
e
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
ity
a
n
d
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
in
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
ef
f
o
r
ts
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
r
ea
cto
r
was
p
lace
d
in
a
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
th
at
was
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
er
ec
ted
,
with
a
len
g
th
o
f
3
m
,
a
wid
th
o
f
3
m
,
an
d
a
h
eig
h
t
o
f
3
m
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
p
le
an
aly
s
is
was
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
ed
at
th
e
B
alik
p
ap
an
I
n
teg
r
ated
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
MO
L
(
b
io
d
eg
r
ad
ab
le
)
m
ater
ials
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
d
ir
ec
tly
in
th
e
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
is
th
e
d
etail
o
f
th
e
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
:
i)
Heig
h
t
:
t
h
e
h
eig
h
t
o
f
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
is
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
f
r
o
m
:
a
m
in
i
m
u
m
p
o
le
h
eig
h
t
o
f
3
m
,
to
p
h
eig
h
t
(
b
u
ild
in
g
h
eig
h
t
f
r
o
m
g
r
o
u
n
d
le
v
el
to
th
e
h
ig
h
est
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
b
u
ild
i
n
g
)
3
m
.
T
h
is
is
in
ten
d
ed
s
o
th
at
th
e
air
is
n
o
t
h
o
t,
it
is
ex
p
ec
ted
t
h
at
a
g
o
o
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
r
an
g
e
is
ac
h
iev
ed
,
2
5
-
27
°
C
with
a
m
in
im
u
m
h
u
m
i
d
ity
o
f
5
0
%.
ii)
Fo
u
n
d
atio
n
:
t
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
is
m
ad
e
o
f
s
im
p
le
c
o
n
cr
ete
wh
i
ch
h
as
t
h
e
s
tr
en
g
th
to
with
s
tan
d
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
co
llap
s
e.
iii)
Ven
tilatio
n
:
t
h
e
wid
th
o
f
th
e
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
v
en
tilatio
n
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
is
an
o
p
en
in
g
o
f
1
8
-
2
9
%
o
f
th
e
f
lo
o
r
ar
ea
.
Ven
tilatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
s
o
th
at
h
o
t a
ir
ca
n
escap
e
s
m
o
o
th
ly
.
iv
)
Fra
m
e,
co
v
er
,
an
d
r
o
o
f
:
-
T
h
e
f
r
am
e
is
m
a
d
e
o
f
w
o
o
d
a
n
d
lig
h
t
s
teel
-
T
h
e
co
v
e
r
is
m
ad
e
o
f
g
lass
an
d
p
last
ic
-
T
h
e
r
o
o
f
is
m
ad
e
o
f
zin
c
wh
ic
h
is
m
ad
e
o
f
alu
m
in
iu
m
v)
B
u
ild
in
g
f
r
am
e
s
h
ap
e
:
t
h
e
s
h
ed
ty
p
e
h
as
a
s
lo
p
in
g
r
o
o
f
c
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
th
at
r
ests
o
n
an
o
th
e
r
b
u
ild
in
g
wall
(
b
ase
wall)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Do
mestic wa
s
te
w
a
ter t
r
ea
tme
n
t sys
tem
u
s
in
g
w
a
s
te
p
la
s
tic
b
o
ttle c
a
p
s
a
s
b
io
filt
er me
d
ia
(
Mu
liya
d
i Mu
liya
d
i
)
237
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Fo
r
m
o
f
b
u
ild
in
g
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
T
SS
wh
ich
ar
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
i
n
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
Un
ited
States
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
p
H
(
p
H
m
eter
)
,
an
d
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
(
m
eter
)
,
wer
e
r
e
co
r
d
ed
to
clo
s
ely
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
ae
r
o
b
i
c
w
astewater
tr
ea
tm
en
t
s
y
s
tem
(
APHA,
1
9
9
8
)
.
A
DR
3
9
0
0
s
p
e
ctr
o
p
h
o
to
m
eter
an
d
an
aly
tical
test
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
(
H
ach
,
Un
ited
States
)
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
C
OD.
B
OD5
lev
els
wer
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
an
Ox
iTo
p
®OC
1
0
0
in
s
tr
u
m
en
t
(
Ger
m
a
n
y
)
.
T
o
ac
q
u
ir
e
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
an
d
r
ep
r
es
en
tativ
e
s
am
p
les,
s
am
p
les
wer
e
tak
en
o
n
ce
a
d
ay
at
n
in
e
h
o
u
r
s
in
th
e
m
o
r
n
in
g
,
wh
en
wastewate
r
g
en
er
atio
n
was
at
it
s
h
ig
h
est.
T
h
e
s
am
p
les
wer
e
tak
en
in
tr
ip
licate
at
th
e
s
tar
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
win
g
to
th
eir
v
ast
co
llectio
n
,
wh
ich
p
r
ev
en
te
d
an
aly
tical
er
r
o
r
s
f
r
o
m
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
in
th
e
lab
o
r
at
o
r
y
.
MO
L
is
u
tili
z
ed
as
a
s
tar
tin
g
p
o
in
t
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
liq
u
id
an
d
s
o
lid
o
r
g
a
n
ic
f
er
tili
z
er
s
.
MO
L
's
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
s
titu
en
t
is
m
ad
e
u
p
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
p
ar
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
m
icr
o
b
es,
g
lu
c
o
s
e,
an
d
ca
r
b
o
h
y
d
r
ates.
Or
g
an
ic
waste
f
r
o
m
h
o
m
es,
p
lan
tatio
n
s
,
an
d
ag
r
ic
u
ltu
r
e
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
b
a
s
ic
m
ater
ials
n
ee
d
e
d
to
f
er
m
e
n
t
MO
L
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
[
1
5
]
.
W
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
b
asic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
f
r
o
m
f
r
u
it
a
n
d
v
eg
etab
le
p
e
els
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
B
io
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
MO
L
is
m
ad
e
d
ir
ec
tly
in
th
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
,
a
n
d
th
e
in
g
r
ed
ien
ts
f
o
r
m
ak
in
g
th
e
b
io
d
e
g
r
ad
atio
n
ar
e
tak
en
f
r
o
m
f
r
u
it a
n
d
v
eg
et
ab
le
p
ee
l w
aste.
T
h
e
n
u
tr
ien
t c
o
n
ten
t in
th
e
b
io
d
e
g
r
ad
atio
n
is
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
m
eth
o
d
u
s
ed
was
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
r
esear
ch
b
y
co
n
tr
o
l
lin
g
all
n
atu
r
al
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
s
itu
atio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
in
ten
d
ed
t
o
cr
ea
te
ar
tific
ial
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
s
itu
atio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
in
a
cc
o
r
d
an
ce
with
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
b
jectiv
es
an
d
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
is
at
a
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
s
ca
le
wh
er
e
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
h
as
a
b
atch
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
r
e
ac
to
r
th
at
h
a
d
b
ee
n
m
a
d
e
was
th
en
p
lace
d
in
a
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
th
at
was p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
d
esig
n
ed
b
y
r
esear
ch
er
s
.
T
h
is
r
ea
cto
r
will
later
p
r
o
ce
s
s
wastewate
r
.
T
o
e
n
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
r
ea
cto
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
e
d
n
o
r
m
all
y
,
a
r
ea
cto
r
d
esig
n
test
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
s
u
itab
i
lity
o
f
th
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
p
r
o
c
ess
es
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
in
th
e
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
e
b
io
ac
tiv
ato
r
is
th
en
a
d
d
ed
to
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
as
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
tr
ea
tm
e
n
t
with
a
r
atio
o
f
1
L
(
b
io
ac
tiv
ato
r
):
7
0
L
(
wastewate
r
)
in
liter
,
wh
er
e
th
e
b
io
ac
tiv
ato
r
co
m
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
er
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
f
r
u
it
p
ee
l
waste,
wh
ich
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
a
liq
u
id
an
d
co
n
tain
s
m
icr
o
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
b
ac
ter
ia
an
d
y
ea
s
t
.
T
h
is
f
er
m
en
tatio
n
f
lu
id
is
k
n
o
wn
as
a
lo
ca
l
m
icr
o
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
was
f
u
r
th
er
d
iv
id
e
d
in
to
t
h
r
ee
s
tag
es,
wh
er
e
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e
was
s
ee
d
in
g
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tag
e
was
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
an
d
th
e
last
s
tag
e
was
r
u
n
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
ar
e
th
en
en
ter
ed
in
to
a
ta
b
le,
an
d
a
g
r
ap
h
is
m
ad
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
d
ata
p
o
in
t.
T
h
e
b
io
f
ilm
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
n
th
e
b
io
f
ilter
m
ed
ia
th
ic
k
en
ed
d
u
r
i
n
g
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
.
T
h
e
ac
cl
im
atiza
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
was
co
m
p
lete
d
wh
e
n
t
h
e
co
n
tam
in
an
t
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
.
W
e
attem
p
ted
t
o
g
ath
er
b
i
o
ac
tiv
ato
r
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
la
n
tin
g
an
d
ac
cl
im
atiza
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es.
T
h
ese
b
io
ac
tiv
ato
r
s
ar
e
n
atu
r
ally
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
b
ac
te
r
ia
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
o
r
g
an
ic
wastes
.
T
h
is
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
o
f
b
io
ac
tiv
ato
r
s
aim
s
to
b
o
o
s
t
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
icr
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
s
th
at
f
o
r
m
a
b
io
f
ilm
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
s
h
o
r
ten
th
e
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
p
er
io
d
.
A
q
u
ick
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
in
ter
v
al
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
th
e
waste
wate
r
o
r
g
an
ic
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
b
r
e
ak
d
o
wn
p
er
io
d
.
B
io
f
ilm
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
tar
ted
o
n
d
ay
th
r
ee
,
wh
ich
is
a
ls
o
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
b
est
tim
e
to
d
if
f
e
r
en
ti
ate
b
etwe
en
B
OD
o
v
er
th
e
f
i
r
s
t
s
ev
en
d
ay
s
.
I
t
is
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
k
n
o
wn
t
h
at
p
o
l
y
eth
y
len
e
m
e
d
ia,
wh
ich
h
av
e
a
s
er
v
ice
life
o
f
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
1
5
y
e
ar
s
,
is
wh
er
e
b
io
f
ilm
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
cc
u
r
s
o
n
d
a
y
s
3
to
1
5
.
T
h
e
r
ea
cto
r
was
4
0
cm
l
o
n
g
,
4
0
cm
wid
e,
5
0
cm
tall,
an
d
4
m
m
th
ick
.
I
t
was
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
ed
u
s
in
g
a
f
ib
er
g
lass
.
T
h
e
r
ea
cto
r
was
m
ain
tain
ed
at
8
0
lit
er
s
.
Po
ly
v
in
y
l
ch
lo
r
id
e
(
PVC
)
p
ip
es
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
d
esig
n
wastewate
r
in
p
u
ts
an
d
o
u
tlets
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
t
was
co
n
d
u
cted
o
v
er
4
5
d
a
y
s
,
with
1
4
d
ay
s
d
ed
icate
d
to
s
ee
d
in
g
6
d
ay
s
f
o
r
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
,
an
d
2
5
d
a
y
s
f
o
r
r
u
n
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
tan
k
h
eld
1
.
6
L
MO
L
,
7
0
L
wastewate
r
,
an
d
8
.
4
L
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
m
ater
ial.
T
h
e
PET
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
ca
p
m
ed
iu
m
h
ad
a
m
ed
iu
m
d
iam
eter
o
f
3
cm
an
d
a
s
u
r
f
ac
e
ar
ea
o
f
2
8
.
2
6
c
m
wer
e
p
lace
d
.
1
4
.
1
3
0
cm
was
th
e
to
tal
s
u
r
f
ac
e
a
r
ea
o
f
all
th
e
m
e
d
ia
p
l
u
s
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
ar
ea
o
f
ea
ch
m
e
d
iu
m
(
5
0
0
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
ca
p
s
p
er
r
ea
cto
r
×2
8
.
2
6
cm
)
,
s
ee
T
ab
le
2
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
ch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
p
ac
k
e
d
b
o
ttle c
ap
s
m
e
d
i
a
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Nu
tr
ie
n
t c
o
n
ten
t i
n
M
OL
M
O
L
N
i
t
r
o
g
e
n
P
h
o
s
p
h
o
r
u
s
P
o
t
a
ssi
u
m
pH
F
r
u
i
t
a
n
d
v
e
g
e
t
a
b
l
e
sk
i
n
M
O
L
0
.
19
18
.
7
7
5
m
g
/
L
2
5
4
m
g
/
L
4
.
0
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
235
-
2
4
6
238
T
ab
le
2
.
Descr
ip
tio
n
o
f
m
e
d
ia
an
d
r
ea
cto
r
M
e
d
i
a
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
M
e
d
i
a
d
i
a
me
t
e
r
3
c
m
M
e
d
i
u
m
h
e
i
g
h
t
1
.
5
cm
M
e
d
i
a
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
a
r
e
a
2
8
.
2
6
c
m
2
Ty
p
e
o
f
p
l
a
st
i
c
b
o
t
t
l
e
c
a
p
(
M
e
d
i
a
)
P
ET
M
a
i
n
t
a
n
k
Lo
n
g
4
0
c
m
W
i
d
e
4
0
c
m
H
e
i
g
h
t
5
0
c
m
V
o
l
u
me
80
,
0
0
0
c
m
3
/
8
0
L
B
i
o
g
a
s s
t
o
r
a
g
e
t
a
n
k
H
e
i
g
h
t
1
5
c
m
W
i
d
e
4
0
cm
D
i
a
me
t
e
r
4
0
c
m
V
o
l
u
me
24
,
000
cm
3
/
2
4
L
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Sch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
p
ac
k
ed
b
o
ttle c
ap
m
ed
ia
o
f
(
a)
an
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
(
b
)
ae
r
o
b
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Do
mestic wa
s
te
w
a
ter t
r
ea
tme
n
t sys
tem
u
s
in
g
w
a
s
te
p
la
s
tic
b
o
ttle c
a
p
s
a
s
b
io
filt
er me
d
ia
(
Mu
liya
d
i Mu
liya
d
i
)
239
2
.
1
.
Ana
ly
s
is
o
f
t
he
cha
ra
ct
er
is
t
ics
o
f
wa
s
t
ewa
t
er
us
ed
a
s
a
n
influent
i
n
a
na
er
o
be
a
nd
a
er
o
be
wa
s
t
ewa
t
er
t
re
a
t
m
ent
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
s
y
s
tem
,
b
o
th
ae
r
o
b
ically
an
d
an
ae
r
o
b
ically
,
is
clo
s
ely
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
b
y
r
ec
o
r
d
i
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
p
H,
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
t
o
tal
s
u
s
p
en
d
e
d
s
o
lid
s
,
C
OD,
an
d
B
OD5
.
Sam
p
les we
r
e
co
llecte
d
o
n
ce
a
d
ay
i
n
th
e
m
o
r
n
in
g
at
9
o
'
clo
ck
,
wh
en
wastewate
r
g
en
er
atio
n
was a
t its
p
ea
k
,
to
o
b
tain
u
n
if
o
r
m
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
e
s
am
p
les.
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
s
am
p
les
wer
e
co
llected
in
lar
g
e
q
u
a
n
titi
es,
th
ey
wer
e
tak
en
in
d
u
p
licate
at
th
e
b
eg
in
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
er
eb
y
av
o
id
in
g
an
aly
tical
er
r
o
r
s
th
at
o
cc
u
r
r
e
d
in
th
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
ch
ar
ac
t
er
is
tics
o
f
th
e
wastewate
r
p
o
llu
tan
ts
T
SS
,
C
OD
,
an
d
B
OD
in
cr
ea
s
ed
o
v
er
tim
e
with
o
u
t
tr
ea
tm
en
t.
T
h
is
ca
n
h
ap
p
en
b
ec
au
s
e
wastewate
r
is
n
o
t
d
e
g
r
a
d
ed
p
r
o
p
er
l
y
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
th
e
p
o
llu
tan
t n
o
t d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
in
g
o
p
tim
all
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
u
n
tr
ea
ted
wastewate
r
u
s
ed
as in
f
lu
en
t in
an
a
er
o
b
e
a
n
d
ae
r
o
b
e
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t sy
s
tem
s
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
G
ener
a
l c
o
nd
it
io
ns
o
f
a
n
a
er
o
b
e
a
n
d
a
e
r
o
b
e
r
e
a
ct
o
r
d
ur
ing
o
pera
t
io
n
Af
ter
tu
r
n
in
g
o
n
,
t
h
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
wer
e
o
p
er
ated
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
at
a
h
y
d
r
a
u
lic
r
eten
tio
n
tim
e
(
HR
T
)
o
f
2
5
d
ay
s
,
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
in
t
h
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
was
ac
h
iev
ed
af
ter
1
0
d
ay
s
,
an
d
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
was
ac
h
iev
ed
af
ter
d
a
y
4
,
as
s
h
o
wn
b
y
t
h
e
co
n
s
is
ten
t
r
em
o
v
al
o
f
T
SS
,
C
OD,
an
d
B
OD,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
s
4
-
6
.
T
h
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
wer
e
o
p
e
r
ated
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
f
o
r
2
5
d
ay
s
to
ac
h
iev
e
m
ax
im
u
m
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
to
o
k
q
u
ite
a
lo
n
g
tim
e
co
m
p
a
r
ed
t
o
th
e
ae
r
o
b
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
is
a
m
ajo
r
ch
allen
g
e
f
o
r
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
y
s
tem
.
B
o
th
ae
r
o
b
ic
an
d
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
ar
e
s
en
s
it
iv
e
to
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
p
H
an
d
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
c
h
an
g
es
i
n
o
th
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
T
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
p
H
v
alu
es
o
f
th
e
two
r
ea
cto
r
s
wer
e
n
o
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
(
p
H
o
f
a
e
r
o
b
e
waste
6
.
9
±
0
.
4
,
p
H
o
f
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
waste
7
.
1
±
0
.
4
)
.
T
h
e
p
H
o
f
t
h
e
wastewate
r
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
b
o
th
r
ea
cto
r
s
s
h
o
wed
a
n
o
r
m
al
p
H
with
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
u
n
d
etec
tab
le
ac
i
d
ity
d
u
r
i
n
g
2
5
d
ay
s
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
e
v
en
a
p
p
ea
r
ed
to
b
e
clo
s
e
to
n
o
r
m
al
p
H.
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
th
e
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
m
etab
o
lic
ac
tiv
ity
th
at
o
cc
u
r
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
d
ig
esti
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
th
is
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
C
O
2
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
as
a
b
y
p
r
o
d
u
ct
p
ar
tially
d
is
s
o
lv
e
s
in
th
e
was
tewa
ter
to
f
o
r
m
b
icar
b
o
n
ate,
wh
ich
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
wa
s
tewa
ter
to
b
u
f
f
er
th
e
p
H
[
1
6
]
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
th
e
m
etab
o
lic
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
ae
r
o
b
ic
b
ac
ter
ia
th
at
p
r
o
d
u
ce
C
O
2
is
p
ar
tly
d
i
s
s
o
lv
ed
an
d
p
ar
tly
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
ed
in
to
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
am
b
ien
t
air
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
C
O
2
in
th
ese
t
wo
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
is
v
er
y
h
elp
f
u
l
in
s
tab
ilizin
g
th
e
o
v
er
all
p
H.
T
h
i
s
is
al
s
o
wh
y
th
e
p
H
o
f
wastewate
r
f
r
o
m
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
is
b
etter
th
an
th
at
o
f
w
astewater
f
r
o
m
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
was h
ig
h
er
th
an
th
at
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
(
an
ae
r
o
b
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
3
3
.
8
±
0
.
2
,
ae
r
o
b
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
2
8
.
5
±
0
.
2
)
.
T
h
e
t
em
p
er
atu
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
b
o
th
r
ea
cto
r
s
allo
ws
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
m
eso
p
h
ilic
b
ac
ter
ia
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
is
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
ca
n
af
f
ec
t
th
e
b
i
o
ch
em
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
in
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
.
T
h
e
o
r
g
an
ic
lo
ad
i
n
g
r
ate
was
m
ain
tain
ed
s
tab
le
at
0
.
9
g
/L.
Day
1
b
y
k
ee
p
in
g
th
e
HR
T
u
n
ch
an
g
ed
d
u
r
in
g
o
p
er
a
tio
n
to
m
ain
tain
s
tab
le
b
ac
ter
ial
co
n
d
itio
n
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
o
p
er
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
.
W
h
en
th
e
HR
T
is
ch
an
g
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
in
itial
s
ettin
g
,
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
e
s
s
o
f
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
p
o
llu
tan
t
lo
ad
d
ec
r
ea
s
es,
wh
ich
is
m
o
s
t
lik
ely
d
u
e
to
ch
an
g
es
in
th
e
o
r
g
an
ic
lo
a
d
in
g
r
at
e
(
OL
R
)
th
at
ca
u
s
e
s
h
o
ck
lo
ad
in
g
o
n
th
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
,
a
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
d
u
r
in
g
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
[
1
8
]
.
0
100
200
300
400
500
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
M
g
/L
O
p
e
rat
i
o
n
al
T
i
me
s
(
Days
)
C
O
D
In
l
e
t
B
O
D
In
l
e
t
T
S
S
In
l
e
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
235
-
2
4
6
240
3
.
2
.
Co
m
pa
riso
n o
f
CO
D
re
m
o
v
a
l per
f
o
rma
nce
in t
he
a
na
er
o
be
a
nd
a
er
o
be
re
a
ct
o
rs
T
h
e
a
v
e
r
ag
e
C
OD
in
th
e
in
let
tan
k
is
k
n
o
wn
to
b
e
3
8
7
.
8
m
g
/l,
wh
ich
is
ab
o
v
e
t
h
e
lim
it
o
f
th
e
C
OD
v
alu
e
b
ased
o
n
[
1
9
]
,
wh
ic
h
is
o
n
ly
1
0
0
m
g
/l.
C
OD
r
em
o
v
al
in
t
h
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
C
OD
r
em
o
v
al
ef
f
icien
cy
at
2
5
d
a
y
s
HR
T
in
th
e
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
)
was
7
5
.
1
%,
wh
er
ea
s
th
at
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
was
9
0
.
1
%
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
)
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
is
h
ig
h
er
in
C
OD
r
em
o
v
al,
p
o
s
s
ib
ly
b
ec
au
s
e
C
O
2
g
as
i
s
tr
a
p
p
ed
in
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
ca
n
h
elp
th
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
is
m
ax
im
u
m
C
OD
r
e
m
o
v
al
i
n
d
icate
s
m
eth
an
o
g
e
n
ic
ac
tiv
ity
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
wh
ic
h
d
id
n
o
t
o
cc
u
r
i
n
th
e
a
er
o
b
e
%
r
ea
cto
r
.
Op
er
a
tio
n
s
in
th
ese
two
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
we
r
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
o
f
2
8
°C
.
(
a)
(
b)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
R
ea
cto
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
to
tr
ea
t g
r
a
y
wate
r
ef
f
lu
e
n
t f
o
r
C
OD
r
em
o
v
al
of
(
a
)
ae
r
o
b
ic
a
n
d
(
b
)
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
3
.
3
.
C
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
o
f
B
O
D
r
em
o
v
a
l
p
e
r
f
o
rm
a
n
c
e
i
n
a
n
a
e
ro
b
e
a
n
d
a
e
r
o
b
e
r
e
a
c
t
o
r
s
T
h
e
B
OD
r
em
o
v
al
in
th
e
an
a
er
o
b
e
an
d
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
B
OD
r
em
o
v
al
ef
f
icien
cy
at
2
5
d
ay
s
HR
T
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
a)
)
was
a
m
ax
im
u
m
o
f
7
8
.
5
%,
wh
er
ea
s
in
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
was
8
0
.
2
%
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
)
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
is
h
i
g
h
er
in
B
OD
r
em
o
v
al,
p
o
s
s
ib
ly
b
ec
au
s
e
C
O
2
g
as
i
s
tr
ap
p
ed
in
th
e
r
e
ac
to
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
ca
n
h
elp
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
C
OD
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
is
m
ax
im
u
m
B
OD
r
em
o
v
al
in
d
icate
s
m
eth
an
o
g
en
ic
ac
tiv
ity
in
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
wh
ich
d
o
es
n
o
t
o
cc
u
r
in
th
e
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
,
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
B
OD
r
ef
in
in
g
r
ea
ctio
n
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
b
etwe
en
d
a
y
s
1
0
-
1
3
an
d
d
ay
2
0
,
with
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
alwa
y
s
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
o
n
th
at
d
ay
.
Ho
wev
er
,
o
n
d
ay
2
0
,
th
e
a
na
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
was sti
ll a
b
le
to
r
ed
u
ce
B
OD,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
er
e
was a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e.
T
h
is
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
C
O
2
g
as.
I
n
th
e
a
e
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
B
OD
v
alu
e
o
n
d
ay
s
1
-
4
was
s
till
r
elativ
ely
u
n
s
tab
le.
Ho
wev
er
,
o
n
d
a
y
4
,
it
ten
d
ed
to
b
e
m
o
r
e
s
tab
le
with
a
co
n
s
is
ten
t
B
OD
r
ed
u
ctio
n
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Op
er
atio
n
s
in
th
ese
two
r
ea
cto
r
s
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
2
8
°C
.
0
100
200
300
400
500
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mg/L
Op
e
ra
tio
n
al
T
im
e
s
(Day
s
)
CO
D In
l
e
t
CO
D O
u
tl
e
t
R
e
mo
v
al
E
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y CO
D %
CO
D L
i
m
i
t
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
M
g
/L
O
p
e
rat
i
o
n
al
T
i
me
s
(
Days
)
C
O
D
In
l
e
t
C
O
D
O
ut
l
e
t
R
e
m
o
v
al
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
C
O
D
%
C
O
D
L
i
m
i
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Do
mestic wa
s
te
w
a
ter t
r
ea
tme
n
t sys
tem
u
s
in
g
w
a
s
te
p
la
s
tic
b
o
ttle c
a
p
s
a
s
b
io
filt
er me
d
ia
(
Mu
liya
d
i Mu
liya
d
i
)
241
(
a)
(
b)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
ea
cto
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
f
o
r
tr
ea
tin
g
g
r
a
y
wate
r
ef
f
lu
e
n
t f
o
r
B
OD
r
em
o
v
al
of
(
a
)
ae
r
o
b
ic
an
d
(
b
)
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
3
.
4
.
C
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
o
f
T
S
S
r
em
o
v
a
l
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
i
n
a
n
a
e
r
o
b
e
a
n
d
a
e
r
o
b
e
r
e
a
c
t
o
r
s
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
to
tr
ea
t
g
r
ay
wate
r
e
f
f
lu
en
t
f
o
r
ae
r
o
b
ic
an
d
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
T
SS
r
em
o
v
al
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
I
n
let
T
SS
r
an
g
e
d
f
r
o
m
an
av
er
a
g
e
o
f
1
6
1
m
g
/l,
wh
ile
i
n
th
e
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
o
u
tlet
T
SS
v
alu
e
r
ea
c
h
e
d
7
2
.
2
m
g
/l
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
)
,
an
d
i
n
t
h
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
o
u
tlet
T
SS
v
alu
e
r
ea
ch
e
d
8
9
.
5
m
g
/l
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
)
.
T
h
e
T
SS
r
ed
u
ctio
n
e
f
f
icien
cy
v
alu
e
in
th
e
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
r
ea
ch
e
d
7
7
.
8
%
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
)
,
wh
er
ea
s
in
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
was
8
1
.
1
%
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
)
at
th
e
s
am
e
d
esig
n
e
d
HR
T
o
f
2
5
d
a
y
s
.
T
h
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
T
SS
v
alu
es
in
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
b
e
g
an
t
o
s
h
o
w
c
o
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
n
d
ay
s
1
0
-
1
2
an
d
r
ea
ch
e
d
its
p
ea
k
o
n
d
a
y
2
5
.
T
h
e
r
em
o
v
al
o
f
T
SS
in
t
h
e
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
c
o
n
s
is
ten
tly
o
cc
u
r
r
e
d
f
r
o
m
d
ay
s
to
5
-
2
5
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast
to
t
h
e
r
em
o
v
al
o
f
T
SS
in
a
er
o
b
e
r
e
ac
to
r
s
,
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
ten
d
s
to
t
ak
e
a
lo
n
g
tim
e
in
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
,
b
u
t
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
af
ter
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
is
v
e
r
y
h
ig
h
,
r
ea
c
h
in
g
8
1
.
1
%.
T
h
is
ca
n
o
cc
u
r
b
ec
au
s
e
C
O
2
g
as
is
tr
ap
p
ed
i
n
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
wh
ich
ca
n
h
elp
o
p
tim
ize
t
h
e
C
OD
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
1
6
]
.
Op
er
atio
n
s
in
th
ese
two
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
a
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
2
8
°
C
.
C
o
n
d
u
cted
a
two
-
y
ea
r
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
tr
ial
u
s
in
g
an
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
b
a
f
f
le
r
ea
cto
r
(
AB
R
)
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
ed
s
im
ilar
r
esu
lts
.
T
SS
elim
in
atio
n
(
4
0
-
9
5
%)
was
s
im
ilar
to
th
e
g
r
ea
test
r
ed
u
ctio
n
(
6
0
-
9
0
%)
o
b
s
er
v
ed
with
ch
em
ically
en
h
an
ce
d
in
itial
th
er
a
p
ies.
Du
r
in
g
a
2
-
y
ea
r
tr
ial
o
f
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
u
s
in
g
a
n
AB
R
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
ed
s
im
ilar
r
esu
lts
.
T
SS
elim
in
atio
n
(
4
0
-
9
5
%)
was
s
im
ilar
to
th
e
g
r
ea
te
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
(
6
0
-
9
0
%)
o
b
s
er
v
ed
with
ch
e
m
ically
en
h
an
ce
d
in
itial th
er
ap
ies
[
2
2
]
.
Af
ter
a
p
ilo
t
s
tu
d
y
em
p
lo
y
in
g
p
last
ic
b
o
ttles
(
PET
an
d
p
o
ly
p
r
o
p
y
len
e
(
PP
)
)
was
co
n
d
u
cted
f
o
r
2
6
2
d
ay
s
at
an
av
e
r
ag
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
o
f
2
3
.
4
°C
,
th
e
p
last
ic
m
ed
iu
m
in
t
h
e
b
io
f
ilter
co
u
ld
also
b
e
a
d
estro
y
e
r
an
d
a
way
to
r
em
o
v
e
to
tal
s
u
s
p
en
d
ed
p
ar
ticles.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
to
tal
s
u
s
p
en
d
ed
s
o
lid
co
n
t
en
t w
as r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
u
p
to
8
0
%.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
am
e
s
tu
d
y
,
p
last
ic
m
ed
ia
ca
n
elim
in
at
e
u
p
to
9
2
.
4
%
o
f
E
s
ch
er
ich
i
a
co
li
[
7
]
.
An
o
th
er
ex
ce
llen
t
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
h
ea
v
y
m
etals
is
to
tal
s
u
s
p
en
d
ed
s
o
lid
s
.
I
f
th
ese
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
ar
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
liq
u
id
waste,
th
en
it is
d
ef
in
ite
ly
v
er
y
b
ad
f
o
r
wate
r
.
-
50
0
50
100
150
200
250
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
M
g
/L
O
p
e
rat
i
o
o
n
al T
i
me
s
(
Days
)
BO
D
I
n
l
e
t
BO
D
O
u
tl
e
t
R
e
mo
v
al
E
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y B
O
D %
BO
D
L
i
mit
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
M
g
/L
O
p
e
rat
i
o
n
al
T
i
me
s
(
Days
)
BO
D
I
n
l
e
t
BO
D
O
u
tl
e
t
R
e
mo
v
al
E
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y B
O
D %
BO
D
L
i
mit
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
235
-
2
4
6
242
(
a)
(
b)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Per
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
o
f
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
f
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
g
r
ey
wate
r
waste
f
o
r
T
SS
r
em
o
v
al
of
(
a)
a
er
o
b
ic
an
d
(
b
)
an
ae
r
o
b
ic
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
m
ed
ia
m
o
s
t
wid
ely
u
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
b
i
o
lo
g
ical
a
n
d
C
OD
a
r
e
p
last
ics
(
3
1
.
2
5
%),
wh
er
e
th
e
s
tu
d
y
s
tates
th
at
b
io
f
ilter
s
with
m
ed
ia
m
ad
e
o
f
p
last
ic
ca
n
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
lev
el
o
f
C
OD
by
u
p
to
9
0
%
an
d
B
OD
to
9
8
%
(
E
k
o
k
a
n
)
,
wh
er
e
t
h
e
tim
e
n
ee
d
ed
was
o
n
ly
1
4
2
d
ay
s
,
an
d
th
e
m
ed
ia
th
ick
n
ess
was
2
0
0
×
1
.
4
m
m
.
PET
an
d
PP
b
o
ttles
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
a
s
m
ed
i
a
an
d
s
u
cc
ee
d
ed
in
r
e
d
u
cin
g
C
OD
b
y
2
9
-
7
2
%
an
d
60
-
9
0
%
b
io
lo
g
ical
o
x
y
g
e
n
,
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
ely
,
o
n
a
p
ilo
t
s
ca
le
w
ith
a
wo
r
k
in
g
tim
e
o
f
2
6
2
d
a
y
s
at
2
3
-
4
°C
[
7
]
.
Oth
er
r
ep
o
r
ts
h
av
e
s
tated
th
at
p
last
ic
m
ed
ia
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
C
OD
b
y
8
0
% a
t 1
7
-
2
3
°C
in
ju
s
t 1
0
9
d
ay
s
[
2
3
]
.
B
ased
o
n
s
ev
er
al
f
in
d
in
g
s
,
b
io
lo
g
ical
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
p
o
llu
tan
t
lo
ad
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
B
OD
an
d
C
O
D,
an
d
s
ev
er
al
b
io
lo
g
ical
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
th
at
ar
e
o
f
ten
f
o
u
n
d
in
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
,
s
u
ch
as
b
io
lo
g
ical
f
ilter
s
,
b
io
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
,
tr
ick
lin
g
f
ilter
s
,
b
io
s
cr
u
b
b
e
r
s
,
an
d
b
io
f
ilm
s
[
2
4
]
.
C
h
an
g
es
in
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
an
d
q
u
ality
o
f
m
icr
o
b
es
ar
e
clo
s
ely
r
elate
d
to
ch
an
g
es
in
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
r
ate
o
f
en
z
y
m
atic
r
ea
ctio
n
s
en
co
u
r
ag
es
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t,
all
o
win
g
m
ic
r
o
b
es
t
o
g
r
o
w
b
etter
.
I
t
is
also
k
n
o
wn
th
at
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
an
d
g
r
o
wth
o
f
b
ac
ter
ia
a
n
d
b
i
o
f
ilm
ar
e
h
ig
h
l
y
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
o
n
p
H.
T
h
e
ty
p
e
o
f
m
ed
ia
s
u
r
f
ac
e
g
r
ea
tly
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
b
ac
ter
ial
attac
h
m
en
t.
I
n
th
e
in
itial
ad
h
esio
n
s
tep
,
s
u
r
f
ac
e
r
o
u
g
h
n
ess
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
ad
h
esio
n
o
f
b
ac
ter
ia
to
s
u
b
s
tr
ates
with
a
wid
er
ad
h
esio
n
m
ed
iu
m
.
T
h
e
r
o
u
g
h
n
ess
o
f
th
e
b
ac
ter
ia
r
e
d
u
ce
s
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
attac
h
ed
b
ac
ter
ia
f
allin
g
b
ac
k
t
o
th
e
b
o
tto
m
o
f
th
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
,
-
50
0
50
100
150
200
250
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
M
g
/L
O
p
e
rat
i
o
n
al
T
i
me
s
(
Days
)
T
S
S
In
l
e
t
T
S
S
O
u
tl
e
t
R
e
mo
v
al
E
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y T
S
S
%
T
S
S
L
i
mit
-
50
0
50
100
150
200
250
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
M
g
/L
O
p
e
rat
i
o
n
al
T
i
me
s
(
Days
)
T
S
S
In
l
e
t
T
S
S
O
u
tl
e
t
R
e
mo
v
al
E
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y T
S
S
%
T
S
S
L
i
mit
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Do
mestic wa
s
te
w
a
ter t
r
ea
tme
n
t sys
tem
u
s
in
g
w
a
s
te
p
la
s
tic
b
o
ttle c
a
p
s
a
s
b
io
filt
er me
d
ia
(
Mu
liya
d
i Mu
liya
d
i
)
243
wh
ich
ca
n
b
e
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
f
lo
w
r
ate
o
f
th
e
wate
r
an
d
th
e
ty
p
e
o
f
r
ea
ct
o
r
m
ater
ial
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
d
iv
alen
t c
atio
n
s
(
C
a2
+)
,
b
o
th
o
n
lan
d
an
d
i
n
th
e
s
ea
,
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
ac
t
o
r
s
th
at
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
b
io
f
ilm
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Po
llu
tan
ts
ar
e
h
ar
m
f
u
l
to
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
an
d
p
o
llu
tio
n
o
c
cu
r
s
in
wastewate
r
s
am
p
les,
b
io
tr
ick
lin
g
f
ilter
s
,
an
d
b
io
f
ilm
s
.
T
h
is
h
as
en
co
u
r
a
g
ed
t
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
r
e
m
o
v
in
g
b
o
t
h
o
r
g
an
ic
m
atter
an
d
h
ea
v
y
m
etals.
B
io
f
iltra
tio
n
is
an
alter
n
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
r
em
o
v
in
g
o
r
g
an
ic
m
atte
r
an
d
h
ea
v
y
m
etals
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e,
in
th
e
b
io
f
iltra
tio
n
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
er
e
is
a
m
ed
iu
m
wh
er
e
b
ac
ter
ia
ca
n
g
r
o
w
an
d
ass
is
t
in
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
r
ed
u
cin
g
ex
is
tin
g
p
o
llu
tan
ts
.
Mic
r
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
s
t
h
at
g
r
o
w
o
n
m
ed
ia
d
eg
r
a
d
e
an
d
f
o
r
m
b
io
f
ilm
s
.
Go
o
d
m
e
d
ia
h
av
e
g
o
o
d
s
u
r
f
ac
e
ar
ea
[
2
6
]
,
a
n
d
wate
r
r
eten
ti
o
n
f
o
r
b
i
o
f
ilm
s
to
liv
e
o
n
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
ese
co
n
d
itio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
p
ac
e
f
o
r
m
icr
o
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
p
o
llu
tan
ts
in
liq
u
id
waste
[
2
8
]
.
Owin
g
to
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
b
a
cter
ia
to
d
is
s
em
in
ate
o
r
g
an
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
b
en
ea
th
th
e
f
lo
w
o
f
o
r
g
an
i
c
m
atter
f
o
r
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
r
ef
in
em
en
t
o
f
b
io
f
ilm
s
th
at
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
an
d
will
b
e
cr
ea
ted
,
t
h
e
o
r
g
an
ic
lo
a
d
in
g
r
ate
f
ac
to
r
m
ay
h
av
e
a
n
ef
f
e
ct
o
n
th
e
r
ate
at
wh
ich
b
io
f
il
m
s
g
r
o
w.
T
h
e
ac
c
u
m
u
latio
n
o
f
b
io
m
ass
,
b
io
f
ilm
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
a
n
d
d
en
itrif
icat
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
ar
e
af
f
ec
te
d
b
y
th
e
o
r
g
an
ic
lo
ad
in
g
r
ate.
E
x
ce
s
s
iv
e
wastewate
r
f
o
am
,
wh
ich
p
r
ev
e
n
ts
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
b
io
f
ilm
s
,
is
a
d
r
a
wb
ac
k
th
at
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
o
r
g
a
n
ic
lo
ad
i
n
g
r
ate
a
n
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
o
ten
tial
ad
s
o
r
p
tio
n
s
ites
.
T
h
e
g
as
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ate
r
e
m
ain
ed
c
o
n
s
tan
t
as
th
e
o
r
g
a
n
ic
lo
ad
in
g
r
ate
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
,
b
u
t th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
ef
f
lu
en
t in
c
r
ea
s
ed
[
2
9
]
.
B
y
ch
an
g
in
g
t
h
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
in
th
e
b
i
o
f
ilter
r
ea
ct
o
r
,
wh
ich
im
p
ac
ts
h
o
w
well
m
icr
o
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
d
ev
elo
p
o
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
e
d
b
io
f
il
m
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
b
io
f
ilter
ca
n
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
[
3
0
]
.
L
o
w
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
ar
e
n
o
t
id
ea
l
f
o
r
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
m
icr
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
s
,
b
ec
au
s
e
s
o
m
e
b
ac
ter
ia
ca
n
n
o
t
e
n
d
u
r
e
th
em
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
wh
en
lo
w
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
ar
e
p
r
esen
t,
b
ac
ter
ia
th
at
h
av
e
alr
ea
d
y
attac
h
ed
to
th
e
b
io
f
ilm
o
r
ar
e
cu
r
r
en
tly
d
o
in
g
s
o
d
ie.
L
o
w
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
ar
e
also
k
n
o
wn
t
o
co
n
t
r
ib
u
te
to
l
o
n
g
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
an
d
lo
w
n
itrif
icatio
n
r
ates
[
5
]
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
s
t
ated
th
at
1
8
°
C
is
th
e
id
ea
l
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
f
o
r
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
b
i
o
f
ilter
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
5
]
.
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
s
tim
u
latio
n
o
f
b
io
f
ilm
s
h
as
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
m
etab
o
lis
m
an
d
g
r
o
wth
o
f
b
ac
ter
ia.
T
h
u
s
,
r
elativ
ely
war
m
tem
p
er
at
u
r
es
m
a
y
ca
u
s
e
b
a
cter
ia
in
b
io
m
ass
an
d
b
io
f
ilm
s
to
m
u
ltip
ly
.
So
m
e
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
u
g
g
ested
th
at
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
tem
p
s
m
ay
e
n
c
o
u
r
ag
e
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
b
ac
ter
ia
in
b
io
f
ilm
s
.
E
v
er
y
liv
in
g
en
tity
in
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
m
etab
o
lis
m
as
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
b
ac
ter
ia
r
esid
in
g
in
th
e
r
ea
cto
r
v
a
r
ies
with
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
C
iliates
ar
e
m
icr
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
s
th
at
th
r
iv
e
in
r
ea
cto
r
s
.
I
n
s
tead
o
f
ca
u
s
in
g
a
n
in
c
r
ea
s
e
in
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
icr
o
b
ial
p
o
p
u
lat
io
n
s
o
r
th
e
r
ate
o
f
p
h
o
to
s
y
n
t
h
esis
,
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
m
a
y
also
r
e
s
u
lt
in
a
ch
an
g
e
in
tax
o
n
o
m
y
[
3
1
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
is
b
en
e
f
icial
f
o
r
t
h
e
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
p
h
o
to
s
y
n
th
etic
e
n
zy
m
es,
lo
w
n
u
t
r
ien
t
lev
els
ca
n
p
r
ev
en
t
b
ac
ter
ial
g
r
o
wth
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
3
]
.
I
n
th
e
th
r
ee
-
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
al
b
io
f
i
lm
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
,
th
e
m
icr
o
b
ial
co
m
m
u
n
ities
wer
e
clo
s
ely
p
ac
k
ed
.
T
h
e
r
ea
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
b
io
f
ilm
to
h
ea
t
m
icr
o
b
es
a
d
h
er
in
g
to
th
e
b
io
f
ilm
is
m
o
d
u
lated
b
y
t
h
e
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
s
b
etwe
en
m
icr
o
b
ial
g
r
o
u
p
s
[
3
4
]
.
I
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
tem
p
er
at
u
r
es
ca
n
r
esu
lt
in
co
m
m
u
n
ity
ch
an
g
es
wh
e
n
m
icr
o
b
ial
s
p
ec
ies
in
ter
ac
t,
wh
ich
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
an
ti
cip
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ea
ctio
n
s
o
f
a
s
in
g
le
s
p
ec
ies.
B
ac
ter
ia
in
b
io
f
ilm
s
f
ig
h
t
o
n
e
an
o
th
er
f
o
r
n
u
tr
ien
ts
,
wh
ile
also
tak
in
g
a
d
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
o
n
e
a
n
o
th
er
[
3
5
]
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
ae
r
o
b
e
an
d
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
with
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
ca
p
m
ed
ia
an
d
lo
ca
l
m
icr
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
b
i
o
d
eg
r
a
d
at
io
n
was
ab
le
t
o
r
e
d
u
ce
T
SS
,
C
OD,
an
d
B
OD
with
an
an
ae
r
o
b
e
t
em
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
3
3
.
8
±
0
.
2
,
ae
r
o
b
e
t
em
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
2
8
.
5
±
0
.
2
.
T
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
p
H
o
f
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
waste
wa
s
6
.
9
±
0
.
4
,
an
d
th
e
p
H
o
f
th
e
a
n
ae
r
o
b
e
w
aste
was
7
.
1
±
0
.
4
,
u
s
in
g
a
h
y
d
r
au
lic
r
eten
tio
n
tim
e
o
f
2
d
ay
s
.
An
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
s
ar
e
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
at
r
em
o
v
i
n
g
T
SS
,
C
OD,
an
d
B
OD
th
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
s
.
T
h
e
T
SS
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
ef
f
icien
cy
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
r
ea
ch
e
d
7
7
.
8
%,
wh
er
ea
s
,
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
ef
f
icien
cy
r
ea
ch
ed
8
1
.
1
%
at
th
e
s
am
e
d
esig
n
ed
HR
T
,
th
at
is
,
2
5
d
a
y
s
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
icien
cy
o
f
C
OD
r
em
o
v
al
at
25
d
ay
s
HR
T
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
r
ea
ch
e
d
a
m
ax
im
u
m
o
f
7
5
.
1
%,
wh
e
r
ea
s
,
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
wa
s
9
0
.
1
%.
T
h
e
B
OD
r
em
o
v
al
e
f
f
icien
cy
at
25
d
ay
s
HR
T
in
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
r
ea
ch
ed
a
m
ax
im
u
m
o
f
7
8
.
5
%,
wh
er
ea
s
,
in
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
was
8
0
.
2
%.
T
h
e
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
tim
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
a
n
an
a
er
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
is
also
k
n
o
wn
to
b
e
lo
n
g
er
,
n
am
ely
ar
o
u
n
d
1
0
-
1
3
d
ay
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
cto
r
,
wh
ich
o
n
ly
tak
es
4
-
5
d
ay
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
a
lo
n
g
er
ac
clim
atiz
atio
n
tim
e
ca
n
m
a
k
e
th
e
an
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t
a
f
ter
ac
clim
atiza
tio
n
th
an
th
e
ae
r
o
b
e
r
ea
ct
o
r
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
wo
u
l
d
lik
e
to
th
an
k
th
e
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
o
f
Dip
o
n
eg
o
r
o
f
o
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
is
r
esear
ch
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
ac
ce
s
s
to
v
ar
i
o
u
s
r
e
p
u
tab
le
jo
u
r
n
al
d
atab
ases
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
235
-
2
4
6
244
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
M
.
B
.
B
a
h
r
o
d
i
n
,
N
.
S
.
Z
a
i
d
i
,
A
.
K
a
d
i
e
r
,
N
.
H
u
ss
e
i
n
,
A
.
S
y
a
f
i
u
d
d
i
n
,
a
n
d
R
.
B
o
o
p
a
t
h
y
,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
c
t
i
v
e
c
o
a
g
u
l
a
n
t
a
g
e
n
t
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
e
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
su
g
a
r
c
a
n
e
b
a
g
a
sse
f
o
r
w
a
st
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
,
”
A
p
p
l
.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
6
,
p
.
7
9
7
2
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
a
p
p
1
2
1
6
7
9
7
2
.
[
2
]
R
.
M
a
l
i
l
a
,
S
.
L
e
h
t
o
r
a
n
t
a
,
a
n
d
E
.
-
L.
V
i
sk
a
r
i
,
“
T
h
e
r
o
l
e
o
f
so
u
r
c
e
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
n
u
t
r
i
e
n
t
r
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
–
c
o
mp
a
r
i
s
o
n
o
f
a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
w
a
st
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
s
y
st
e
ms,
”
J
.
C
l
e
a
n
.
Pr
o
d
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
1
9
,
p
p
.
3
5
0
–
3
5
8
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
c
l
e
p
r
o
.
2
0
1
9
.
0
2
.
0
2
4
.
[
3
]
N
.
S
.
Za
i
d
i
,
J.
S
o
h
a
i
l
i
,
K
.
M
u
d
a
,
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
S
a
i
d
i
,
“
O
p
t
i
m
i
sat
i
o
n
o
f
s
t
a
t
i
c
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
f
i
e
l
d
(
S
M
F
)
o
n
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
o
f
b
i
o
m
a
ss
u
si
n
g
c
e
n
t
r
a
l
c
o
m
p
o
si
t
e
d
e
s
i
g
n
e
x
p
e
r
i
men
t
,
”
J
.
Ph
y
s.
C
o
n
f
.
S
e
r.
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
2
9
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
.
0
4
2
0
9
4
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
4
2
-
6
5
9
6
/
1
5
2
9
/
4
/
0
4
2
0
9
4
.
[
4
]
K
.
F
a
r
k
a
s
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
V
i
r
a
l
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
f
o
r
t
r
a
c
k
i
n
g
d
o
mes
t
i
c
w
a
s
t
e
w
a
t
e
r
c
o
n
t
a
mi
n
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
a
q
u
a
t
i
c
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
,
”
W
a
t
e
r
Re
s.
,
v
o
l
.
1
8
1
,
p
.
1
1
5
9
2
6
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
w
a
t
r
e
s.
2
0
2
0
.
1
1
5
9
2
6
.
[
5
]
Q
.
Zh
a
n
g
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Ef
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
o
n
t
h
e
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
o
f
n
i
t
r
o
g
e
n
r
e
mo
v
a
l
a
n
d
mi
c
r
o
b
i
a
l
c
o
mm
u
n
i
t
y
i
n
p
o
s
t
s
o
l
i
d
-
p
h
a
se
d
e
n
i
t
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
p
r
o
c
e
ss,
”
I
n
t
.
J
.
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
.
R
e
s.
P
u
b
l
i
c
H
e
a
l
t
h
,
v
o
l
.
1
6
,
n
o
.
2
2
,
p
.
4
4
6
6
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
i
j
e
r
p
h
1
6
2
2
4
4
6
6
.
[
6
]
D
.
P
a
u
l
a
n
d
S
.
G
.
H
a
l
l
,
“
B
i
o
c
h
a
r
a
n
d
z
e
o
l
i
t
e
a
s
a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
f
o
r
d
e
n
i
t
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
q
u
a
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
e
f
f
l
u
e
n
t
s,”
Wa
t
e
r
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
n
o
.
1
9
,
p
.
2
7
0
3
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
w
1
3
1
9
2
7
0
3
.
[
7
]
U
.
D
o
r
j
i
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
O
n
-
si
t
e
d
o
m
e
st
i
c
w
a
s
t
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
s
y
st
e
m
u
s
i
n
g
s
h
r
e
d
d
e
d
w
a
st
e
p
l
a
s
t
i
c
b
o
t
t
l
e
s
a
s
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
med
i
a
:
p
i
l
o
t
-
s
c
a
l
e
st
u
d
y
o
n
e
f
f
l
u
e
n
t
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
i
n
B
h
u
t
a
n
,
”
C
h
e
m
o
s
p
h
e
re
,
v
o
l
.
2
8
6
,
p
.
1
3
1
7
2
9
,
Jan
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
c
h
e
m
o
sp
h
e
r
e
.
2
0
2
1
.
1
3
1
7
2
9
.
[
8
]
P
.
B
e
n
y
a
t
h
i
a
r
,
P
.
K
u
mar,
G
.
C
a
r
p
e
n
t
e
r
,
J
.
B
r
a
c
e
,
a
n
d
D
.
K
.
M
i
sh
r
a
,
“
P
o
l
y
e
t
h
y
l
e
n
e
t
e
r
e
p
h
t
h
a
l
a
t
e
(
P
ET
)
b
o
t
t
l
e
-
to
-
b
o
t
t
l
e
r
e
c
y
c
l
i
n
g
f
o
r
t
h
e
b
e
v
e
r
a
g
e
i
n
d
u
st
r
y
:
a
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
P
o
l
y
m
e
rs
(
Ba
s
e
l
)
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
.
2
3
6
6
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
p
o
l
y
m1
4
1
2
2
3
6
6
.
[
9
]
M
.
M
i
sh
r
a
,
E
n
c
y
c
l
o
p
e
d
i
a
o
f
p
o
l
y
m
e
r
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
1
st
e
d
.
B
o
c
a
R
a
t
o
n
:
C
R
C
P
r
e
ss,
2
0
1
8
.
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
4
3
2
4
/
9
7
8
1
3
5
1
0
1
9
4
2
2
.
[
1
0
]
S
.
M
.
S
a
f
w
a
t
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
o
f
mo
v
i
n
g
b
e
d
b
i
o
f
i
l
m
r
e
a
c
t
o
r
u
si
n
g
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
m
i
c
r
o
o
r
g
a
n
i
sms
,
”
J
.
C
l
e
a
n
.
Pr
o
d
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
8
5
,
p
p
.
7
2
3
–
7
3
1
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
c
l
e
p
r
o
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
3
.
0
4
1
.
[
1
1
]
Y
.
A
.
S
a
r
i
a
n
d
M
.
P
a
ma
d
i
,
“
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
si
t
u
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
w
a
s
t
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
me
n
t
p
l
a
n
t
f
o
r
s
e
w
a
g
e
i
n
B
a
t
a
m
C
i
t
y
,
”
J
.
P
h
y
s.
C
o
n
f
.
S
e
r.
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
5
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
0
1
2
1
0
9
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
4
2
-
6
5
9
6
/
1
3
5
1
/
1
/
0
1
2
1
0
9
.
[
1
2
]
J.
S
u
n
,
X
.
D
a
i
,
Q
.
W
a
n
g
,
M
.
C
.
M
.
v
a
n
Lo
o
s
d
r
e
c
h
t
,
a
n
d
B
.
-
J.
N
i
,
“
M
i
c
r
o
p
l
a
s
t
i
c
s
i
n
w
a
st
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
p
l
a
n
t
s:
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
o
c
c
u
r
r
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
r
e
m
o
v
a
l
,
”
W
a
t
e
r R
e
s.
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
2
,
p
p
.
2
1
–
3
7
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
w
a
t
r
e
s.
2
0
1
8
.
1
2
.
0
5
0
.
[
1
3
]
R
.
G
h
a
se
mi
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
c
o
mp
a
r
i
s
o
n
o
f
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
p
e
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
a
n
d
f
u
n
g
i
f
o
r
t
r
e
a
t
i
n
g
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
v
a
p
o
r
s
f
r
o
m
a
i
r
f
l
o
w
,
”
AM
B
E
x
p
r
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
8
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
s
1
3
5
6
8
-
0
1
9
-
0
9
4
1
-
z.
[
1
4
]
S
.
Le
B
o
r
g
n
e
a
n
d
G
.
B
a
q
u
e
r
i
z
o
,
“
M
i
c
r
o
b
i
a
l
e
c
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
u
n
i
t
s
u
se
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
e
su
l
f
u
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
b
i
o
g
a
s
,
”
C
h
e
m
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
.
7
2
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
c
h
e
me
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
3
0
3
0
0
7
2
.
[
1
5
]
I
.
I
n
d
a
sa
h
a
n
d
A
.
M
u
h
i
t
h
,
“
L
o
c
a
l
m
i
c
r
o
o
r
g
a
n
i
sm
f
r
o
m
‘
t
a
p
e
’
(
f
e
r
me
n
t
e
d
c
a
ssa
v
a
)
i
n
c
o
m
p
o
si
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
i
t
s
e
f
f
e
c
t
o
n
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
,
c
h
e
mi
c
a
l
a
n
d
b
i
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
i
n
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
l
,
”
I
O
P
C
o
n
f
.
S
e
r.
E
a
r
t
h
E
n
v
i
ro
n
.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l
.
5
1
9
,
p
.
0
1
2
0
0
3
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
5
5
-
1
3
1
5
/
5
1
9
/
1
/
0
1
2
0
0
3
.
[
1
6
]
M
.
C
h
i
a
p
p
e
r
o
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
R
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
b
i
o
c
h
a
r
r
o
l
e
a
s
a
d
d
i
t
i
v
e
i
n
a
n
a
e
r
o
b
i
c
d
i
g
e
s
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
c
e
ss
e
s,”
R
e
n
e
w
.
S
u
s
t
a
i
n
.
En
e
r
g
y
R
e
v
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
1
,
p
.
1
1
0
0
3
7
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
r
ser.2
0
2
0
.
1
1
0
0
3
7
.
[
1
7
]
F
.
B
e
n
R
e
b
a
h
,
A
.
K
a
n
t
a
r
d
j
i
e
f
f
,
A
.
Y
e
z
z
a
,
a
n
d
J.
P
.
J
o
n
e
s,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
o
f
t
w
o
c
o
m
b
i
n
e
d
a
n
a
e
r
o
b
ic
-
a
e
r
o
b
i
c
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
p
a
c
k
e
d
w
i
t
h
c
l
a
y
o
r
p
l
a
s
t
i
c
me
d
i
a
f
o
r
t
h
e
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
h
i
g
h
l
y
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
e
d
e
f
f
l
u
e
n
t
,
”
D
e
sa
l
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
2
5
3
,
n
o
.
1
–
3
,
p
p
.
1
4
1
–
1
4
6
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
d
e
s
a
l
.
2
0
0
9
.
1
1
.
0
1
8
.
[
1
8
]
U
.
D
o
r
j
i
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
E
x
p
l
o
r
i
n
g
s
h
r
e
d
d
e
d
w
a
st
e
p
e
t
b
o
t
t
l
e
s
a
s
a
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
m
e
d
i
a
f
o
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
o
n
-
si
t
e
sa
n
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
Pr
o
c
e
ss
S
a
f
.
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
.
Pro
t
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
8
,
p
p
.
3
7
0
–
3
8
1
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
p
se
p
.
2
0
2
0
.
0
9
.
0
6
6
.
[
1
9
]
M
i
n
i
s
t
r
y
o
f
En
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
n
d
F
o
r
e
s
t
r
y
o
f
t
h
e
R
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
,
D
o
m
e
st
i
c
w
a
s
t
e
w
a
t
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
(
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
n
:
b
a
k
u
m
u
t
u
a
i
r
l
i
m
b
a
h
d
o
m
e
st
i
k
)
.
2
0
1
6
.
[
O
n
l
i
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
:
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
p
p
k
l
.
me
n
l
h
k
.
g
o
.
i
d
/
w
e
b
si
t
e
/
f
i
l
e
b
o
x
/
5
/
1
7
0
3
1
4
1
1
4
8
5
4
P
.
6
8
B
A
K
U
M
U
TU
LI
M
B
A
H
D
O
M
ESTI
K
.
p
d
f
[
2
0
]
S
.
R
.
S
o
u
s
a
,
L.
S
.
R
o
d
r
i
g
u
e
s,
R
.
R
.
S
a
mp
a
i
o
,
J.
C
.
F
.
D
u
t
r
a
,
a
n
d
I
.
J.
S
i
l
v
a
,
“
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
a
e
r
o
b
i
c
b
a
f
f
l
e
d
r
e
a
c
t
o
r
f
o
l
l
o
w
e
d
by
a
n
a
e
r
o
b
i
c
f
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
t
h
e
r
e
m
o
v
a
l
o
f
n
u
t
r
i
e
n
t
s a
n
d
p
a
t
h
o
g
e
n
i
c
o
r
g
a
n
i
sms
i
n
f
i
sh
p
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
e
f
f
l
u
e
n
t
s,”
Arq
.
Br
a
s.
Me
d
.
Ve
t
e
r
i
n
á
r
i
a
e
Z
o
o
t
e
c
.
,
v
o
l
.
7
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
8
9
2
–
9
0
0
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
5
9
0
/
1
6
7
8
-
4
1
6
2
-
1
2
5
0
4
.
[
2
1
]
B
.
M
u
ñ
o
z
-
P
a
l
a
z
o
n
,
S
.
G
o
r
r
a
si
,
A
.
R
o
s
a
-
M
a
s
e
g
o
s
a
,
M
.
P
a
sq
u
a
l
e
t
t
i
,
M
.
B
r
a
c
o
n
c
i
n
i
,
a
n
d
M
.
F
e
n
i
c
e
,
“
Tr
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
h
i
g
h
-
p
o
l
y
p
h
e
n
o
l
-
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
w
a
t
e
r
s
u
s
i
n
g
b
i
o
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s
:
t
h
e
l
a
t
e
st
u
p
d
a
t
e
,
”
Mo
l
e
c
u
l
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
3
1
4
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
m
o
l
e
c
u
l
e
s
2
8
0
1
0
3
1
4
.
[
2
2
]
H
.
M
i
s
h
r
a
,
G
.
G
a
u
r
a
v
,
C
.
K
h
a
n
d
e
l
w
a
l
,
G
.
S
.
D
a
n
g
a
y
a
c
h
,
a
n
d
P
.
N
.
R
a
o
,
“
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
a
ss
e
ssm
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
I
n
d
i
a
n
m
u
n
i
c
i
p
a
l
w
a
st
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
p
l
a
n
t
i
n
R
a
j
a
s
t
h
a
n
,
”
I
n
t
.
J
.
S
u
s
t
a
i
n
.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
9
5
3
–
9
6
2
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/
1
9
3
9
7
0
3
8
.
2
0
2
0
.
1
8
6
2
3
4
9
.
[
2
3
]
Y.
-
X
.
Li
u
,
T.
O
.
Y
a
n
g
,
D
.
-
X
.
Y
u
a
n
,
a
n
d
X
.
-
Y
.
W
u
,
“
S
t
u
d
y
o
f
mu
n
i
c
i
p
a
l
w
a
st
e
w
a
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
me
n
t
w
i
t
h
o
y
st
e
r
sh
e
l
l
a
s
b
i
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
a
e
r
a
t
e
d
f
i
l
t
e
r
me
d
i
u
m,
”
D
e
sa
l
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
2
5
4
,
n
o
.
1
–
3
,
p
p
.
1
4
9
–
1
5
3
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
d
e
sa
l
.
2
0
0
9
.
1
2
.
0
0
3
.
[
2
4
]
M
.
D
e
S
a
n
c
t
i
s
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
n
i
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
v
e
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
r
e
d
u
c
i
n
g
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
sp
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
o
f
e
m
e
r
g
i
n
g
p
o
l
l
u
t
a
n
t
s
a
n
d
o
d
o
u
r
e
mi
ss
i
o
n
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
mu
n
i
c
i
p
a
l
sew
a
g
e
t
r
e
a
t
me
n
t
,
”
S
c
i
.
T
o
t
a
l
E
n
v
i
ro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
0
3
,
p
.
1
4
9
9
6
6
,
J
a
n
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
sc
i
t
o
t
e
n
v
.
2
0
2
1
.
1
4
9
9
6
6
.
[
2
5
]
K
.
V
i
k
r
a
n
t
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
B
i
o
f
i
l
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
h
y
d
r
o
g
e
n
s
u
l
f
i
d
e
:
t
r
e
n
d
s
a
n
d
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
s
,
”
J
.
C
l
e
a
n
.
Pr
o
d
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
8
7
,
p
p
.
1
3
1
–
1
4
7
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
c
l
e
p
r
o
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
3
.
1
8
8
.
[
2
6
]
E.
R
.
R
e
n
e
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Ef
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
g
a
s
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
o
n
t
h
e
r
e
mo
v
a
l
o
f
g
a
s
-
p
h
a
s
e
t
o
l
u
e
n
e
a
n
d
x
y
l
e
n
e
mi
x
t
u
r
e
i
n
a
c
o
m
p
o
st
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
,
”
Bi
o
r
e
so
u
r.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
4
8
,
p
p
.
2
8
–
3
5
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
b
i
o
r
t
e
c
h
.
2
0
1
7
.
0
8
.
0
2
9
.
[
2
7
]
K
.
M
a
č
a
i
t
i
s,
A
.
M
i
se
v
i
č
i
u
s,
A
.
P
a
šk
e
v
i
č
i
u
s,
V
.
R
a
u
d
o
n
i
e
n
ė
,
a
n
d
J.
R
e
p
e
č
k
i
e
n
ė
,
“
Ef
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
ss
r
e
se
a
r
c
h
o
n
a
w
a
v
y
l
a
me
l
l
a
r
p
l
a
t
e
-
t
y
p
e
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
w
i
t
h
a
c
a
p
i
l
l
a
r
y
s
y
st
e
m
f
o
r
t
h
e
h
u
m
i
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
a
c
k
i
n
g
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
a
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
i
n
t
r
o
i
n
d
u
c
e
d
mi
c
r
o
o
r
g
a
n
i
sms
,
”
J
.
En
v
i
r
o
n
.
E
n
g
.
L
a
n
d
s
c
.
Ma
n
a
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
5
4
–
2
6
3
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
8
4
6
/
1
6
4
8
6
8
9
7
.
2
0
1
4
.
9
7
2
4
0
9
.
[
2
8
]
I
.
E.
I
b
a
n
g
a
,
L.
A
.
F
l
e
t
c
h
e
r
,
C
.
J
.
N
o
a
k
e
s,
M
.
F
.
K
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
D
.
S
t
e
i
n
b
e
r
g
,
“
P
i
l
o
t
-
sc
a
l
e
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
t
a
ma
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
r
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
y
:
t
h
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
n
b
i
o
a
e
r
o
so
l
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
”
Wa
st
e
Ma
n
a
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
0
,
p
p
.
1
5
4
–
1
6
7
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
w
a
sma
n
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
9
.
0
1
0
.
[
2
9
]
K
.
G
a
n
e
s
a
n
,
V
.
S
a
r
a
v
a
n
a
n
,
S
.
R
a
j
a
m
o
h
a
n
,
P
.
S
a
r
a
v
a
n
a
n
,
a
n
d
M
.
R
a
j
a
si
mm
a
n
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
s
t
u
d
i
e
s o
n
b
i
o
f
i
l
t
e
r
f
o
r
V
O
C
r
e
m
o
v
a
l
u
n
d
e
r
v
a
r
i
o
u
s
o
r
g
a
n
i
c
l
o
a
d
i
n
g
r
a
t
e
s
a
n
d
g
a
s
e
m
p
t
y
b
e
d
r
e
si
d
e
n
c
e
t
i
mes
,
”
A
m
.
I
n
t
.
J
.
R
e
s.
S
c
i
.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
.
E
n
g
.
M
a
t
h
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
5
–
6
2
,
2
0
1
9
.
[
3
0
]
J.
Q
u
,
H
.
Y
a
n
g
,
Y
.
L
i
u
,
H
.
Q
i
,
Y
.
W
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
Q
.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
b
i
o
f
i
l
m
f
o
r
ma
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
mi
c
r
o
b
i
a
l
c
o
mm
u
n
i
t
y
st
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
f
o
r
r
e
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
t
i
n
g
a
q
u
a
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
s
y
st
e
m,
”
I
O
P
C
o
n
f
.
S
e
r.
E
a
r
t
h
E
n
v
i
ro
n
.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l
.
7
4
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
0
1
2
0
1
8
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
5
5
-
1
3
1
5
/
7
4
2
/
1
/
0
1
2
0
1
8
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.