I
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l J
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l o
f
Adv
a
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d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
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1
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Ma
r
ch
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p
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~
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I
SS
N:
2252
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8
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1
4
,
DOI
:
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1
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1
/ijaas
.
v
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.
i
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pp
218
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6
218
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ac
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id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
d
o
n
esia'
s
elec
tr
icity
g
en
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p
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ea
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6
4
g
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a
watt
s
(
G
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in
2
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8
,
co
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p
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p
lan
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tr
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4
5
%,
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n
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en
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1
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% a
n
d
th
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r
est wa
s
g
as a
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d
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d
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p
lan
ts
.
I
n
2
0
1
8
,
elec
tr
icity
c
o
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s
u
m
p
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I
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d
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ex
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4
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W
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cr
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s
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b
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6
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5
%
p
e
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y
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r
i
n
2
0
2
0
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
W
ith
e
x
ce
s
s
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e
en
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g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
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,
ca
r
b
o
n
em
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s
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s
will
in
cr
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s
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[
3
]
.
Acc
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m
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latin
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d
ata
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p
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s
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s
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ab
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d
im
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is
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f
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f
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[
4
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,
[
5
]
.
State
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
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s
co
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tin
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to
en
co
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ag
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d
Natio
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al
E
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icity
P
o
licy
2
0
1
0
-
2
0
2
5
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
Pro
m
o
tin
g
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
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s
as e
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g
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af
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f
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th
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n
v
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m
p
ar
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to
p
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m
a
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d
c
o
al
[
8
]
,
[
9
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Op
timiz
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
erg
y
p
o
ten
tia
l in
is
la
n
d
a
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ea
s
b
a
s
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d
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n
a
n
a
lytica
l
…
(
A
r
n
a
w
a
n
Ha
s
ib
u
a
n
)
219
T
h
e
B
an
y
ak
I
s
lan
d
s
r
eg
i
o
n
f
a
ce
s
an
in
cr
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s
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g
tr
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d
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to
t
al
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o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
6
%
p
er
y
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r
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
W
o
r
r
y
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g
ly
,
th
is
h
as
p
u
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
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p
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C
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s
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p
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n
im
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s
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g
en
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c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
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,
esp
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elec
tr
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[
1
2
]
.
C
u
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en
tly
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esel
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lan
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s
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p
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e
elec
tr
icity
i
n
th
e
r
e
g
io
n
.
C
o
m
m
u
n
ities
in
th
e
r
eg
io
n
o
f
ten
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
d
is
r
u
p
tiv
e
d
aily
r
o
llin
g
p
o
wer
o
u
tag
es,
ca
u
s
in
g
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
in
co
n
v
e
n
ien
ce
an
d
h
in
d
er
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
ess
an
d
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
in
t
h
e
af
f
ec
te
d
ar
ea
s
.
Fr
eq
u
en
t
p
o
wer
o
u
tag
es
d
u
e
to
r
eg
io
n
al
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
elec
tr
icity
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
h
av
e
an
im
p
a
ct
o
n
co
m
m
u
n
ity
ac
ti
v
ities
,
an
d
h
av
e
th
e
im
p
ac
t o
f
h
am
p
er
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
ess
in
th
e
af
f
ec
ted
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
is
d
ilem
m
a
is
ex
ac
er
b
ated
b
y
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
s
o
m
e
is
lan
d
s
ar
e
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
r
ea
ch
,
th
u
s
ex
ac
er
b
atin
g
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
an
d
m
ak
in
g
it
ev
en
m
o
r
e
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
r
eso
lv
e.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
e
x
ten
s
iv
e
r
esear
ch
in
th
is
ar
ea
is
n
ee
d
ed
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
alter
n
ativ
e
ty
p
es
o
f
en
er
g
y
th
at
ca
n
h
elp
allev
iate
th
e
s
itu
atio
n
an
d
m
ain
tain
a
co
n
s
is
ten
t
an
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
elec
tr
icity
s
u
p
p
ly
f
o
r
lo
ca
l
co
m
m
u
n
ities
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
d
a
ta
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
elec
tr
icity
cu
s
to
m
er
s
o
n
th
is
is
lan
d
in
2
0
1
7
-
2
0
2
0
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
er
e
wer
e
m
a
n
y
ele
ctr
icity
cu
s
to
m
er
s
o
n
th
e
is
lan
d
in
2
0
1
7
-
2
0
2
0
S
u
b
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
2
0
1
7
2
0
1
8
2
0
1
9
2
0
2
0
B
a
n
y
a
k
I
sl
a
n
d
1
7
0
1
9
6
1
,
2
3
6
1
,
0
9
7
W
e
st
B
a
n
y
a
k
I
sl
a
n
d
5
1
2
5
2
7
4
6
7
4
1
5
To
t
a
l
6
8
2
7
2
3
1
,
7
0
3
1
,
5
1
2
B
ased
o
n
elec
tr
icity
cu
s
to
m
er
d
ata
in
th
e
B
an
y
ak
I
s
lan
d
s
,
t
h
er
e
was
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
in
2
0
1
7
-
2
0
1
9
,
b
u
t
th
er
e
was
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
o
f
1
1
%
in
2
0
2
0
wh
ich
was
ca
u
s
e
d
b
y
c
u
s
to
m
er
s
n
o
t
g
ettin
g
s
u
f
f
icien
t
elec
tr
icity
s
u
p
p
ly
an
d
s
witch
in
g
t
o
s
o
la
r
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
to
o
v
er
c
o
m
e
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
f
u
l
f
ill
th
e
elec
tr
icity
n
ee
d
s
i
n
th
e
r
eg
io
n
,
o
n
e
p
o
te
n
tial
th
at
c
an
b
e
f
u
l
f
illed
is
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
n
atu
r
al
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
c
es
s
u
ch
as
s
u
n
an
d
win
d
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
B
an
y
ak
I
s
lan
d
s
,
wh
ic
h
f
ac
e
s
th
e
I
n
d
ia
n
Oce
an
,
h
a
s
an
an
n
u
al
av
e
r
ag
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
o
f
ar
o
u
n
d
1
0
m
/s
a
n
d
s
o
lar
r
a
d
iatio
n
o
f
6
.
7
3
7
5
k
W
h
/m
2
/
d
ay
[
1
4
]
.
An
ex
ten
s
iv
e
s
tu
d
y
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
ass
ess
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
u
itab
le
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
er
g
y
i
n
v
ar
io
u
s
r
eg
io
n
s
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
r
ese
ar
ch
co
n
d
u
cted
in
I
r
an
u
s
in
g
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
s
tr
en
g
th
s
,
wea
k
n
ess
es,
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
,
an
d
th
r
ea
ts
(
SW
OT
)
an
aly
s
is
,
a
m
u
lti
-
cr
iter
ia
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
a
n
d
g
am
e
th
eo
r
y
with
th
e
s
te
p
wis
e
weig
h
t
as
s
es
s
m
en
t
r
atio
an
aly
s
is
(
SW
A
R
A)
te
ch
n
iq
u
e,
d
eter
m
in
ed
t
h
at
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
ar
e
th
e
b
est
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
f
r
ien
d
ly
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
ce
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
R
etScr
ee
n
m
eth
o
d
is
u
s
ed
in
Me
r
a
u
k
e
t
o
id
en
tif
y
b
io
m
ass
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
r
eg
io
n
.
I
n
T
aiwa
n
,
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
win
d
en
er
g
y
as
th
e
b
est
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
t
h
is
r
eg
io
n
was
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
lo
o
k
ed
in
t
o
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
s
o
f
o
p
tim
izin
g
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial
u
s
in
g
th
e
h
ier
ar
ch
y
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
m
eth
o
d
.
W
h
ile
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
in
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
o
p
tim
izin
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial
u
s
in
g
tech
n
ic
al
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
m
eth
o
d
s
,
th
e
y
d
id
n
o
t
ex
p
licitly
ad
d
r
ess
it
s
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
,
b
o
th
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
s
,
a
n
d
win
d
p
o
we
r
p
lan
t
s
,
o
p
tim
ally
th
r
o
u
g
h
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
ec
o
n
o
m
ic,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
,
an
d
s
o
cio
-
p
o
liti
ca
l
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
o
p
tim
izin
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
an
aly
tical
h
ier
ar
c
h
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
AHP)
m
eth
o
d
,
wh
er
e
AHP
is
a
m
et
h
o
d
th
at
ca
n
m
ak
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
ef
f
ec
t
iv
ely
an
d
e
f
f
icien
tly
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
o
th
er
s
im
ilar
m
e
th
o
d
s
.
T
o
tak
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
o
f
B
an
y
a
k
I
s
lan
d
s
's
ex
is
tin
g
ass
e
ts
,
th
e
s
e
lectio
n
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
lo
ca
tio
n
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
o
n
e
ca
r
ef
u
lly
,
as
well
as
th
e
in
ten
s
ity
o
f
s
u
n
lig
h
t.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
u
s
es
AHP
as
a
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
i
n
s
tr
u
m
en
t
t
o
id
e
n
tif
y
o
p
tim
al
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial
i
n
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
ce
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
es
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
d
ata
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
r
eg
io
n
al
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
f
o
r
ele
ctr
icity
g
en
er
atio
n
.
W
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
in
B
an
y
ak
I
s
lan
d
s
is
v
er
y
h
ig
h
,
b
o
th
f
r
o
m
win
d
en
er
g
y
an
d
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
is
co
r
r
elate
s
with
th
e
h
ig
h
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
is
lan
d
r
eg
io
n
s
an
d
th
e
d
if
f
icu
lty
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
elec
tr
icity
ac
r
o
s
s
ea
ch
is
lan
d
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
s
tu
d
y
is
n
ee
d
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
o
p
tim
al
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
f
o
r
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
in
is
lan
d
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
in
th
is
r
esear
ch
ten
d
s
to
h
a
v
e
a
h
ig
h
er
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
c
e
p
r
io
r
itizatio
n
s
u
itab
ilit
y
an
d
ass
ess
m
en
t
ac
cu
r
ac
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
h
ier
ar
c
h
ical
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
ass
ess
m
en
t
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
ese
in
s
ig
h
ts
c
an
also
b
e
u
s
ed
to
cr
ea
te
p
lan
s
f
o
r
r
elev
a
n
t
ag
e
n
cies,
in
clu
d
in
g
to
u
r
is
m
an
d
m
in
er
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
e
d
ata
co
llected
is
v
er
y
v
alu
ab
le
f
o
r
s
p
atial
p
lan
n
in
g
an
d
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic,
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ical,
s
o
cial,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
ar
e
as.
I
n
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e,
th
is
r
esear
c
h
will
b
ec
o
m
e
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
o
r
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
in
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
elec
tr
i
ca
l e
n
er
g
y
i
n
th
e
is
lan
d
r
e
g
io
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
218
-
2
2
6
220
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Study
m
et
ho
d
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
u
s
ed
is
a
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
h
ie
r
ar
ch
ical
d
ec
is
i
on
-
m
ak
in
g
with
s
ev
er
al
cr
iter
ia.
Af
ter
a
h
y
p
o
th
esis
is
cr
ea
ted
,
d
ata
is
co
llected
,
ex
a
m
in
ed
,
an
d
p
r
o
c
ess
ed
.
Qu
an
titativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
e
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
esti
m
ates
th
at
u
tili
ze
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
,
q
u
an
titativ
e
d
ata
ac
co
m
p
an
ied
b
y
a
s
er
ies
o
f
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
r
u
les
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
in
th
is
s
u
r
v
e
y
w
er
e
d
iv
id
e
d
in
to
th
r
ee
ty
p
es
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
eir
s
k
ills
an
d
t
r
u
s
two
r
th
in
ess
in
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
:
Ace
h
Sin
g
k
il
d
is
tr
ict
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t,
ac
ad
e
m
ics,
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
,
ea
ch
with
f
o
u
r
p
eo
p
le
in
v
o
lv
ed
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
em
p
lo
y
ed
a
s
am
p
l
e
o
f
1
2
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
d
r
awn
f
r
o
m
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
ca
teg
o
r
ies.
T
h
e
v
ar
iab
les
o
f
s
tu
d
y
d
ep
en
d
o
n
f
ield
r
esear
ch
,
w
h
ich
in
cl
u
d
es
th
e
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
les:
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
an
d
win
d
en
er
g
y
.
Me
a
n
wh
ile,
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
les ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
T
ab
le
2
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
s
ev
e
r
al
s
y
s
tem
atic
s
tag
es
wer
e
u
n
d
er
tak
e
n
an
d
o
r
g
an
ize
d
in
t
o
a
f
lo
wch
a
r
t
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
ac
h
s
tep
o
u
tlin
es
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
io
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
in
itial
p
r
o
b
lem
id
en
tific
atio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
ata
co
llectio
n
,
an
aly
s
is
,
an
d
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
,
co
n
clu
d
in
g
with
a
s
et
o
f
ac
tio
n
ab
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
o
r
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
.
T
h
is
v
is
u
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
h
elp
s
to
clar
if
y
th
e
lo
g
ical
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
ac
ti
o
n
s
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
s
m
ad
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
clar
ity
an
d
e
ase
o
f
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
f
o
r
b
o
th
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
a
n
d
th
e
au
d
ien
ce
.
T
ab
le
2
.
I
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
A
sp
e
c
t
s
o
f
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
A
sp
e
c
t
s
o
f
e
c
o
n
o
mi
c
A
sp
e
c
t
s
of
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
l
A
sp
e
c
t
s
o
f
s
o
c
i
a
l
a
n
d
p
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
l
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
i
n
t
h
e
u
se
o
f
e
n
e
r
g
y
I
n
v
e
st
m
e
n
t
c
o
s
t
s
G
a
s e
m
i
ssi
o
n
s
W
o
r
k
f
o
r
c
e
Th
e
r
i
s
k
o
f
se
c
u
r
i
t
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
s
t
s
La
n
d
u
se
P
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
l
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
/
p
o
l
i
c
i
e
s
En
e
r
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
F
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
r
i
sk
I
mp
a
c
t
o
n
h
u
m
a
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
P
a
y
b
a
c
k
p
e
r
i
o
d
S
o
c
i
a
l
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
2.
2
.
Da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
is
m
et
ho
ds
AHP
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
a
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
to
o
l.
W
h
en
cr
ea
tin
g
s
tr
ateg
ies
th
at
p
r
o
v
e
u
s
ef
u
l
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
in
u
n
co
v
e
r
in
g
c
o
m
p
lex
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
AHP
ca
n
s
o
lv
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
with
d
if
f
icu
lt
cr
i
ter
ia
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
m
an
y
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
o
f
AHP
in
clu
d
es
p
air
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
ea
c
h
c
r
iter
io
n
,
s
u
b
c
r
iter
ia,
an
d
alter
n
ativ
e
b
ased
o
n
a
h
ie
r
ar
ch
ical
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
.
I
n
AHP,
t
h
e
elem
en
ts
o
f
p
air
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
wh
o
s
e
m
ai
n
cr
iter
ia
ar
e
tech
n
ical,
ec
o
n
o
m
i
c,
th
en
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal,
an
d
cu
s
to
m
er
f
ac
to
r
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
3
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
AHP
m
eth
o
d
c
o
m
b
in
es
q
u
an
titativ
e
an
d
q
u
alitativ
e
c
r
iter
ia,
m
ak
in
g
it
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
f
o
r
co
m
p
lex
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
.
Acc
u
r
ate
s
tan
d
ar
d
-
s
ettin
g
is
c
r
u
cial
to
a
v
o
id
er
r
o
r
s
th
at
m
a
y
s
k
ew
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
v
o
lv
es a
p
ai
r
wis
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
m
atr
ix
to
ass
ess
cr
it
er
ia
an
d
alter
n
ativ
es.
T
ab
le
3
.
Hier
ar
c
h
y
o
f
cr
iter
ia
Le
v
e
l
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
S
u
b
-
cr
i
t
e
r
i
a
A
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
O
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
Th
e
b
e
st
r
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
S
o
l
a
r
p
o
w
e
r
p
l
a
n
t
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
−
Ec
o
n
o
mi
c
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
−
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
r
i
s
k
s
−
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
W
i
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
p
l
a
n
t
Ec
o
n
o
mi
c
s
−
I
n
v
e
st
m
e
n
t
c
o
s
t
s
−
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
s
t
s
−
F
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
r
i
sk
s
−
P
a
y
b
a
c
k
p
e
r
i
o
d
En
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
−
G
a
s e
m
i
ssi
o
n
s
−
La
n
d
u
se
S
o
c
i
a
l
-
P
o
l
i
t
i
c
−
La
b
o
r
−
P
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
l
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
/
p
o
l
i
c
y
−
H
u
ma
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
su
p
p
o
r
t
−
S
o
c
i
a
l
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Crit
er
ia
a
nd
s
ub
-
cr
it
er
i
a
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
B
an
y
a
k
I
s
lan
d
s
ar
e
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
cr
iter
ia
s
u
c
h
as
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
,
ec
o
n
o
m
ics,
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
an
d
s
o
cio
-
p
o
liti
ca
l
f
ac
to
r
s
.
T
h
ese
ar
e
in
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
p
r
io
r
test
in
g
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
to
alig
n
with
lo
ca
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
elec
t
r
icity
d
em
an
d
s
,
as
d
etailed
in
T
ab
le
4
.
T
h
e
p
r
io
r
ity
cr
iter
ia
s
h
o
w
th
at
n
atu
r
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
h
av
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est
lev
el
o
f
3
4
.
5
5
%,
wh
ich
s
h
o
ws
th
e
n
ee
d
to
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
b
ea
u
ty
o
f
n
atu
r
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
as
a
to
u
r
is
t
attr
ac
tio
n
o
n
B
an
y
ak
I
s
lan
d
s
.
T
h
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
asp
ec
t
was
r
an
k
ed
s
ec
o
n
d
with
a
v
alu
e
o
f
2
8
.
6
1
%,
th
e
n
th
e
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
asp
ec
t
was
1
7
.
3
4
%
,
an
d
f
in
al
l
y
t
h
e
s
o
cio
-
p
o
liti
ca
l
asp
ec
t
was
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Op
timiz
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
erg
y
p
o
ten
tia
l in
is
la
n
d
a
r
ea
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
a
n
a
lytica
l
…
(
A
r
n
a
w
a
n
Ha
s
ib
u
a
n
)
221
1
6
.
0
3
%.
A
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ject
i
n
I
r
an
with
alm
o
s
t
th
e
s
am
e
cr
iter
ia,
wh
er
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
asp
ec
ts
co
m
e
f
ir
s
t
,
th
en
ec
o
n
o
m
ic,
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical,
an
d
f
in
ally
s
o
cio
-
p
o
liti
ca
l
a
s
p
ec
ts
d
u
e
to
th
e
h
ig
h
le
v
els
o
f
em
is
s
io
n
s
an
d
p
o
llu
tio
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
m
a
n
u
f
a
ctu
r
in
g
an
d
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
in
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
s
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
o
r
d
e
r
o
f
p
r
io
r
ity
in
th
e
n
ee
d
s
s
ec
tio
n
is
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
its
cr
iter
ia,
with
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
b
ein
g
m
o
r
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t.
T
h
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
ep
ar
atio
n
cr
iter
io
n
r
ec
eiv
ed
th
e
h
ig
h
est ass
es
s
m
en
t w
eig
h
t,
with
n
atu
r
al
g
as
em
is
s
io
n
s
ta
k
in
g
f
ir
s
t
p
lace
at
5
2
.
4
%.
T
h
is
em
p
h
asizes
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
lo
o
k
in
g
at
th
e
im
p
ac
t o
f
g
as e
m
is
s
io
n
s
ar
i
s
in
g
f
r
o
m
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
esp
ec
ially
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
n
ee
d
to
s
av
e
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
.
Sev
er
al
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
ar
ea
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
as
lo
ca
tio
n
s
f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
er
g
y
in
s
tallatio
n
s
b
u
t
s
till
h
av
e
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l
p
o
llu
tin
g
g
as
em
is
s
io
n
s
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
h
ig
h
est
p
r
io
r
ity
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
io
n
in
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
asp
ec
t
is
lan
d
u
s
e,
wh
er
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
lan
d
u
s
e
f
o
r
e
n
er
g
y
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
p
r
o
jects
is
v
er
y
im
p
o
r
tan
t
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
lim
it
ed
s
p
ac
e
av
ailab
le
o
n
th
ese
is
lan
d
s
.
Ho
wev
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,
n
atio
n
al
en
er
g
y
s
ec
u
r
ity
is
also
a
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
l
an
d
u
s
e
p
r
i
o
r
ities
.
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m
a
tec
h
n
o
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e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
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th
e
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
th
at
is
m
o
r
e
p
r
io
r
itized
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a
s
ec
u
r
ity
r
is
k
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a
s
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r
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f
3
6
.
9
%.
T
h
is
n
ee
d
s
atten
tio
n
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au
s
e
th
is
i
s
a
n
ew
tech
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k
n
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wn
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I
n
d
o
n
esia
s
o
it
r
eq
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ir
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ca
r
ef
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l
s
u
p
er
v
is
io
n
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y
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a
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ed
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r
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ess
io
n
als
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r
k
s
a
f
ely
.
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wev
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e
r
is
k
s
o
f
s
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u
r
ity
ca
n
b
e
m
in
i
m
ized
with
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
an
d
co
m
p
eten
t
ex
p
er
ts
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ca
p
ac
ity
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
io
n
h
as
th
e
lo
west
v
alu
e
in
th
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
asp
ec
t,
th
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
e
n
e
r
g
y
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
i
n
is
lan
d
ar
ea
s
is
s
till
u
n
ce
r
tain
an
d
o
n
l
y
a
f
ew
r
eg
io
n
s
h
av
e
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
it.
Pro
d
u
ctio
n
ca
p
ac
ity
b
ec
o
m
es
m
o
r
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
wh
en
im
p
lem
en
ted
,
wh
er
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
n
atio
n
al
en
e
r
g
y
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
is
n
o
t in
s
talled
in
v
ain
[
2
4
]
.
T
ab
le
4
.
Prio
r
ity
cr
iter
ia
No
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
V
a
l
u
e
1
En
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
0
.
3
4
5
5
2
Ec
o
n
o
mi
c
0
.
2
8
6
1
3
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
0
.
1
7
3
4
4
S
o
c
i
a
l
-
p
o
l
i
t
i
c
0
.
1
6
0
3
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Prio
r
ity
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
I
n
v
estme
n
t
co
s
ts
ar
e
a
s
u
b
-
cr
it
er
io
n
th
at
is
h
ig
h
ly
p
r
io
r
itized
in
th
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
asp
ec
t
at
2
8
.
8
%,
th
is
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
h
ig
h
co
s
ts
in
cu
r
r
e
d
wh
en
im
p
lem
e
n
tin
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
in
r
em
o
te
is
lan
d
a
r
ea
s
with
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
ac
ce
s
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
is
im
p
o
r
t
an
t
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
its
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
ca
n
b
e
ac
c
o
u
n
ted
f
o
r
c
o
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
ely
an
d
d
o
es
n
o
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
c
o
s
ts
.
Failu
r
e
to
p
r
o
p
er
l
y
co
n
tr
o
l
in
v
estme
n
t
c
o
s
ts
ca
n
r
e
s
u
lt
in
lo
s
s
es
an
d
p
o
ten
tially
im
p
ac
t
n
atio
n
al
en
er
g
y
s
ec
u
r
ity
.
T
h
e
lo
west
p
r
io
r
ity
s
ca
le
is
f
in
an
cial
r
is
k
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a
v
alu
e
o
f
2
0
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6
%
b
ec
au
s
e
it
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s
till
u
n
ce
r
tain
u
n
til
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
is
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r
r
ie
d
o
u
t.
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wev
er
,
in
its
ap
p
licatio
n
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
0
.
1
5
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0
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2
1
2
0
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2
9
0
.
3
4
8
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5
1
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5
2
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2
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2
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2
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3
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ass
es
s
th
e
m
ag
n
itu
d
e
o
f
p
r
o
s
p
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tiv
e
f
in
an
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r
is
k
s
to
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o
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s
u
es.
I
n
th
e
s
o
cio
-
p
o
liti
ca
l
asp
ec
t,
s
o
cial
b
e
n
ef
its
ar
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est p
r
io
r
ity
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia,
wh
er
e
i
n
its
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
it
m
u
s
t
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
s
o
ciety
,
esp
ec
ially
o
n
th
e
s
o
cial
ac
tiv
ities
o
f
lo
ca
l
c
o
m
m
u
n
ities
an
d
th
e
av
ailab
ilit
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o
f
s
u
f
f
icien
t
en
e
r
g
y
in
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
ar
ea
.
T
h
is
is
c
r
itica
l
to
av
o
id
p
u
s
h
ed
m
ig
r
ati
o
n
o
f
citizen
s
an
d
s
tr
en
g
th
en
t
h
e
lo
ca
l
ec
o
n
o
m
y
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
th
e
em
p
lo
y
m
en
t
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
io
n
h
as
th
e
lo
west
p
r
io
r
ity
at
1
5
.
1
%,
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
er
e
ar
e
s
till
lim
ited
ex
p
er
ts
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
.
Fin
d
in
g
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
is
a
ch
allen
g
e
b
ec
au
s
e
th
is
is
s
ti
ll
s
o
m
eth
in
g
n
ew
in
th
e
en
er
g
y
s
ec
to
r
[
2
5
]
.
T
o
test
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
th
e
cr
iter
ia
ap
p
lied
,
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
lev
el
(
C
R
)
,
s
ee
T
ab
le
5
.
T
h
e
C
R
o
f
th
e
cr
iter
i
a
u
s
ed
ca
n
b
e
ch
ec
k
ed
in
T
ab
l
e
5
,
wh
er
e
th
e
l
ev
el
1
v
alu
e
f
o
r
th
e
m
ain
cr
iter
ia
is
o
b
tain
ed
at
0
.
0
5
9
.
At
lev
e
l
2
th
e
s
u
b
-
c
r
iter
ia
f
o
r
th
e
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
asp
ec
t
is
0
.
0
4
8
,
e
co
n
o
m
ics
is
0
.
0
6
9
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
is
0
,
an
d
s
o
cial
p
o
liti
cs
is
0
.
0
6
6
.
E
ac
h
C
R
v
alu
e
at
lev
el
1
o
r
lev
el
2
r
em
ain
s
co
n
s
is
ten
t,
in
d
icatin
g
t
h
at
th
e
cr
iter
ia
an
d
s
u
b
-
c
r
iter
ia
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
T
h
e
C
R
v
alu
e
is
lo
wer
th
an
alp
h
a
(
0
.
1
0
)
.
T
ab
le
5
.
T
h
e
le
v
el
o
f
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
cr
iter
ia
at
two
lev
els
Le
v
e
l
C
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
CR
Le
v
e
l
1
M
a
i
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
0
.
0
5
9
Le
v
e
l
2
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
0
.
0
4
8
Ec
o
n
o
mi
c
a
l
0
.
0
6
9
En
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
0
S
o
c
i
a
l
p
o
l
i
t
i
c
s
0
.
0
6
6
3
.
2
.
P
a
irwise
co
m
pa
riso
n
T
h
e
p
r
io
r
ity
s
ca
le
r
an
k
in
g
o
f
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
s
elec
tin
g
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
alter
n
ativ
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
th
e
is
lan
d
clu
s
ter
th
e
r
eg
io
n
b
et
wee
n
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
o
wer
p
la
n
ts
an
d
win
d
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
i
s
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
g
lo
b
al
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
io
n
weig
h
ts
ar
e
ca
lc
u
lated
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
n
f
id
en
ce
in
te
r
v
al
(
CI
)
an
d
e
ig
en
v
alu
es.
T
h
e
alter
n
ativ
e
p
r
io
r
ity
s
ca
le
is
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
6
.
Fo
ll
o
win
g
th
e
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
p
r
io
r
ity
s
ca
le,
em
is
s
io
n
s
ar
e
th
e
m
ain
th
in
g
th
at
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
alter
n
ativ
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
esp
ec
ially
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
(
SPP
)
an
d
win
d
p
o
we
r
p
lan
ts
(
W
PP
)
.
Gas
em
is
s
io
n
s
ar
e
r
eg
a
r
d
ed
as
cr
u
cial
in
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
in
th
e
is
lan
d
clu
s
ter
ar
ea
,
wh
ich
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
r
eg
i
o
n
s
wh
er
e
th
e
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
an
d
ec
o
lo
g
y
a
r
e
p
r
ese
r
v
ed
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
it
is
cr
itical
to
an
aly
ze
th
e
im
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
o
f
g
as
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
g
en
e
r
ated
wh
en
r
ep
len
is
h
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
g
as
em
is
s
io
n
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
a
r
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
co
n
s
id
er
ati
o
n
s
f
o
r
d
ep
lo
y
in
g
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
as
alter
n
ativ
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
t
o
m
ee
t
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
s
o
n
th
e
o
u
t
er
is
la
n
d
s
.
T
a
b
le
7
ex
p
lain
s
t
h
e
d
eter
m
in
atio
n
o
f
s
u
itab
le
alter
n
ativ
e
en
er
g
y
b
et
wee
n
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
p
o
we
r
b
ased
o
n
ce
r
tain
weig
h
ted
cr
ite
r
ia.
T
ab
le
8
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
s
elec
tio
n
d
ec
is
io
n
.
I
t
is
s
tated
th
at
W
PP
i
s
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
icien
t
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
an
d
it
is
d
ee
m
ed
s
u
ite
d
f
o
r
u
s
e
as
an
alter
n
ativ
e
p
o
wer
s
o
u
r
ce
in
is
lan
d
co
m
m
u
n
ities
with
a
s
co
r
e
o
f
0
.
5
4
9
(
5
4
.
9
%).
SP
P
is
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
a
lter
n
ativ
e
with
a
s
co
r
e
o
f
0
.
4
5
1
(
4
5
.
1
%).
T
h
is
was
o
b
tain
e
d
af
ter
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
is
lan
d
ar
ea
s
th
at
h
av
e
q
u
ite
h
ig
h
win
d
s
p
ee
d
s
,
esp
ec
ially
in
th
e
ir
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
lo
ca
ti
o
n
wh
ich
is
lo
ca
ted
o
f
f
s
h
o
r
e
f
a
cin
g
th
e
I
n
d
ian
Oc
ea
n
.
W
PP
wa
s
ch
o
s
en
as
a
f
ea
s
ib
le
alter
n
ativ
e
en
er
g
y
f
o
r
th
i
s
lo
ca
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
I
t
is
p
er
f
ec
t
f
o
r
u
s
e
in
th
is
lo
ca
tio
n
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
u
n
in
h
a
b
ited
is
lan
d
s
an
d
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
s
ig
n
if
ican
t w
in
d
s
p
ee
d
s
in
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
is
lan
d
s
.
I
t is
im
p
o
r
tan
t to
r
em
em
b
er
t
h
at
win
d
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
n
o
is
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
,
p
o
s
es
is
s
u
es
in
ar
ea
s
with
h
ig
h
p
o
p
u
latio
n
d
en
s
ity
,
a
n
d
lo
s
es
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
cy
wh
en
in
s
tallatio
n
lo
ca
tio
n
s
ar
e
ch
o
s
en
im
p
r
o
p
e
r
ly
.
Prio
r
itizin
g
th
is
co
n
d
itio
n
s
h
o
u
ld
co
m
e
b
ef
o
r
e
p
u
ttin
g
in
th
e
p
o
wer
p
lan
t,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
o
f
th
e
W
PP
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
in
s
tallatio
n
o
f
W
PP
is
p
r
o
jecte
d
to
b
e
n
ef
it
s
o
ciety
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
m
o
r
e
s
tab
le
elec
tr
icity
s
u
p
p
ly
in
th
e
r
eg
io
n
.
Diesel
p
o
we
r
p
l
an
ts
ar
e
cu
r
r
en
tly
th
e
r
eg
io
n
'
s
p
r
im
ar
y
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
,
h
o
we
v
er
,
th
e
y
a
r
e
m
o
r
e
ex
p
en
s
iv
e
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tally
d
estru
ctiv
e.
W
PP
in
cr
ea
s
es
ac
ce
s
s
to
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
,
lead
in
g
to
a
m
o
r
e
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
u
p
p
ly
.
T
h
is
h
as
a
f
av
o
r
ab
le
im
p
ac
t
o
n
th
e
lo
ca
l
ec
o
n
o
m
y
an
d
r
e
g
io
n
a
l
welf
ar
e,
as
well
as
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
o
m
esti
c
an
d
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
t
o
u
r
i
s
ts
v
is
itin
g
th
e
n
ew
to
u
r
is
t
attr
a
ctio
n
.
Me
a
n
wh
ile,
th
e
p
r
io
r
ity
f
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
v
a
r
ies
in
o
th
er
n
atio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
Ma
lay
s
ia,
Pak
is
tan
,
an
d
T
u
r
k
ey
,
wh
ich
p
r
io
r
itize
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
ab
o
v
e
win
d
p
o
wer
p
la
n
ts
,
Hy
d
r
o
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
is
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
in
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
n
atio
n
s
with
co
asts
[
2
5
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
esti
m
ates
m
u
s
t
b
e
tak
en
in
t
o
ac
co
u
n
t
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
ey
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
n
atio
n
al
e
n
er
g
y
ca
p
ac
ity
[
2
6
]
.
Ou
r
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
h
ig
h
er
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
W
PP
was
n
o
t
ass
o
ciate
d
with
p
o
o
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
r
en
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
ici
en
cy
f
o
r
is
lan
d
co
m
m
u
n
ities
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
AHP
m
eth
o
d
m
ay
b
e
n
ef
it
f
r
o
m
p
r
io
r
itizin
g
W
PP
with
o
u
t
n
e
g
ativ
ely
im
p
ac
tin
g
alter
n
ativ
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
SP
P,
esp
ec
ially
wh
en
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
u
n
i
q
u
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
an
d
clim
atic
ch
ar
ac
t
er
is
tics
o
f
o
f
f
s
h
o
r
e
is
lan
d
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Op
timiz
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
erg
y
p
o
ten
tia
l in
is
la
n
d
a
r
ea
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
a
n
a
lytica
l
…
(
A
r
n
a
w
a
n
Ha
s
ib
u
a
n
)
223
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
e
v
alu
ated
W
PP
as
th
e
m
o
s
t
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
B
an
y
a
k
I
s
lan
d
s
,
ac
h
iev
in
g
a
s
co
r
e
o
f
0
.
5
4
9
(
5
4
.
9
%).
Ho
wev
e
r
,
lim
itatio
n
s
in
clu
d
e
th
e
s
p
ec
if
icity
o
f
th
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
an
d
clim
atic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
w
h
ich
m
a
y
n
o
t
g
en
e
r
alize
to
o
th
er
r
eg
io
n
s
.
C
h
allen
g
es
s
u
ch
as
n
o
is
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
in
d
en
s
el
y
p
o
p
u
lated
ar
ea
s
an
d
th
e
p
o
te
n
tial
in
ef
f
icien
cy
d
u
e
to
im
p
r
o
p
er
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
d
etailed
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
ies
to
en
s
u
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
an
d
o
p
tim
al
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
W
PP
is
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t
th
an
SP
P
in
is
lan
d
s
e
ttin
g
s
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
co
u
ld
ex
p
lo
r
e
h
y
b
r
id
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
y
s
tem
s
co
m
b
in
in
g
W
PP
an
d
SP
P
to
ad
d
r
ess
l
im
itatio
n
s
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
r
esil
ien
ce
.
I
n
v
esti
g
atin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
m
in
im
izin
g
n
o
is
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
an
d
e
n
h
an
cin
g
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
W
PP
co
u
ld
f
u
r
th
er
o
p
tim
ize
th
eir
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
in
d
iv
e
r
s
e
s
ettin
g
s
.
T
ab
le
6
.
Glo
b
al
weig
h
t o
f
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
S
u
b
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
G
l
o
b
a
l
w
e
i
g
h
t
R
a
t
i
n
g
G
a
s e
m
i
ssi
o
n
s
0
.
5
0
7
1
La
n
d
u
se
0
.
4
4
8
2
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
r
i
s
k
0
.
3
6
9
3
S
o
c
i
a
l
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
0
.
3
4
8
4
Ec
o
n
o
mi
c
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
0
.
3
3
9
5
I
n
v
e
st
m
e
n
t
c
o
s
t
s
0
.
2
9
2
6
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
0
.
2
8
7
7
H
u
ma
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
i
m
p
a
c
t
0
.
2
7
6
8
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
s
t
s
0
.
2
5
4
9
P
a
y
b
a
c
k
p
e
r
i
o
d
0
.
2
4
7
10
P
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
l
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
/
p
o
l
i
c
i
e
s
0
.
2
2
1
11
F
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
r
i
sk
0
.
2
1
6
12
La
b
o
r
0
.
1
8
6
13
T
ab
le
7
.
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
s
u
b
-
cr
iter
ia
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
S
u
b
-
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
A
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
SPP
WPP
Ec
o
n
o
mi
c
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
0
.
4
4
0
.
5
6
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
r
i
s
k
0
.
4
1
0
.
5
9
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
0
.
4
6
0
.
5
4
I
n
v
e
st
m
e
n
t
c
o
s
t
s
0
.
4
6
0
.
5
4
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
s
t
s
0
.
4
5
0
.
5
5
F
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
r
i
sk
0
.
4
5
0
.
5
5
P
a
y
b
a
c
k
p
e
r
i
o
d
0
.
4
1
0
.
5
9
G
a
s e
m
i
ssi
o
n
s
0
.
4
3
0
.
5
7
La
n
d
u
se
0
.
4
9
0
.
5
1
La
b
o
r
0
.
5
2
0
.
4
8
P
o
l
i
t
i
c
a
l
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
/
p
o
l
i
c
i
e
s
0
.
4
9
0
.
5
1
H
u
ma
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
i
m
p
a
c
t
0
.
5
0
0
.
5
0
S
o
c
i
a
l
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
0
.
4
7
0
.
5
3
T
ab
le
8
.
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
s
e
lectio
n
d
ec
is
io
n
s
A
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
P
r
i
o
r
i
t
y
w
e
i
g
h
t
R
a
n
k
WPP
0
.
5
4
9
1
SPP
0
.
4
5
1
2
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
R
ec
en
t
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
in
d
icate
th
at
W
PP
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
B
an
y
ak
I
s
lan
d
s
,
ac
h
i
ev
in
g
a
s
co
r
e
o
f
0
.
5
4
9
(
5
4
.
9
%).
Ou
r
f
in
d
in
g
s
o
f
f
er
d
ef
in
i
tiv
e
p
r
o
o
f
th
a
t
th
is
f
ea
s
ib
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NC
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[
1
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N
.
R
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.
W
.
P
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En
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1
8
.
[
2
]
W
.
V
.
S
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a
r
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A
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si
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sp
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[
3
]
H
.
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,
I
.
M
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m
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Ph
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.
[
4
]
Z.
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.
N
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a
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E
.
K
.
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2
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2
.
[
5
]
E.
M
a
st
r
o
c
i
n
q
u
e
,
F
.
J
.
R
a
mí
r
e
z
,
A
.
H
o
n
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u
b
i
a
-
Es
c
r
i
b
a
n
o
,
a
n
d
D
.
T.
P
h
a
m,
“
A
n
AHP
-
b
a
se
d
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
r
i
t
e
r
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a
m
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d
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f
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s
t
a
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n
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b
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p
p
l
y
c
h
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n
d
e
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me
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w
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c
t
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E
x
p
e
rt
S
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s
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p
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.
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sw
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0
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1
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3
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2
1
.
[
6
]
En
e
r
g
y
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
A
d
m
i
n
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s
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r
a
t
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n
(
U
.
S
.
)
,
“
A
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2
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1
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,
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n
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ma
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o
n
(
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.
S
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)
,
2
0
1
1
.
[
7
]
R
.
H
u
t
t
u
n
e
n
,
“
G
o
v
e
r
n
me
n
t
r
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ma
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t
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g
y
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r
2
0
3
0
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M
i
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f
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r
s
a
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d
Emp
l
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y
me
n
t
,
2
0
1
7
.
[
8
]
A
.
I
.
H
a
ssan
e
,
D
.
H
.
D
i
d
a
n
e
,
A
.
M
.
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M
.
H
a
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,
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l
a
r
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ssess
me
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a
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d
,
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n
t
e
r
n
a
t
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o
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a
l
J
o
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r
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.
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e
.
2
0
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8
.
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0
8
.
0
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6
.
[
9
]
B
.
B
h
a
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d
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r
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,
S
.
H
.
A
h
n
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l
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(
A
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Ha
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)
225
I
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d
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-
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a
p
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,
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o
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a
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Mu
l
t
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a
l
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3
7
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3
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4
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p
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–
3
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2
,
2
0
2
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.
[
2
4
]
R
.
P
.
S
i
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g
h
a
n
d
H
.
P
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N
a
c
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t
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b
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l
,
“
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n
a
l
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t
i
c
a
l
h
i
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r
a
r
c
h
y
p
r
o
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e
ss
(
AHP
)
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
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f
o
r
r
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i
n
f
o
r
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me
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t
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y
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r
o
p
o
w
e
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st
r
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g
y
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n
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p
a
l
,
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e
n
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w
a
b
l
e
a
n
d
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u
s
t
a
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a
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l
e
E
n
e
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y
Re
v
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s
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v
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5
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p
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4
3
–
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8
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1
6
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d
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:
1
0
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1
6
/
j
.
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2
0
1
5
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3
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.
[
2
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]
M
.
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n
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r
,
M
.
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o
h
si
n
,
Q
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b
b
a
s,
a
n
d
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.
S
.
C
h
a
u
d
h
r
y
,
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A
ss
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ssi
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h
e
i
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t
e
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r
a
t
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o
n
o
f
s
o
l
a
r
p
o
w
e
r
p
r
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j
e
c
t
s:
S
W
O
T
-
b
a
se
d
AHP
–
F
-
t
o
p
si
s
c
a
se
st
u
d
y
o
f
T
u
r
k
e
y
,
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v
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r
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t
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,
v
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5
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p
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7
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7
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:
1
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1
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/
s
1
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6
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9
0
9
2
-
6.
[
2
6
]
H
.
S
u
y
o
n
o
,
D
.
O
.
P
r
a
b
a
w
a
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t
i
,
M
.
S
h
i
d
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q
,
R
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H
a
s
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n
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h
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.
W
i
b
a
w
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n
d
A
.
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a
si
b
u
a
n
,
“
F
o
r
e
c
a
st
i
n
g
o
f
w
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
i
n
M
a
l
a
n
g
c
i
t
y
o
f
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n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
u
si
n
g
a
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
n
e
u
r
o
-
f
u
z
z
y
i
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
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s
y
s
t
e
m
a
n
d
a
u
t
o
r
e
g
r
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ssi
v
e
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
m
o
v
i
n
g
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
-
2
n
d
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
P
o
l
i
c
y
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
ri
c
P
o
w
e
r
a
n
d
E
n
e
r
g
y
,
I
C
T
-
PEP
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
3
1
–
1
3
6
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
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C
T
-
P
EP5
0
9
1
6
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
2
4
9
8
6
7
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ar
n
a
wa
n
H
a
sib
u
a
n
wa
s
b
o
rn
i
n
S
e
i
Li
p
u
t,
Ke
u
jr
u
e
n
M
u
d
a
District,
Ac
e
h
Tam
ian
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
i
n
1
9
7
2
.
He
e
a
rn
e
d
a
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
th
e
In
sti
tu
t
Tek
n
o
l
o
g
i
M
e
d
a
n
(
ITM
)
i
n
1
9
9
7
a
n
d
a
M
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
s
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
Un
i
v
e
rsitas
Ga
d
jah
M
a
d
a
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
in
2
0
0
2
.
I
n
2
0
2
2
,
h
e
o
b
tain
e
d
a
Do
c
to
r
o
f
P
h
il
o
so
p
h
y
(P
h
.
D.)
d
e
g
re
e
in
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
r
g
y
Ut
il
iza
ti
o
n
in
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
s
fro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
M
a
lay
sia
P
e
rli
s,
M
a
lay
sia
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
u
ti
li
z
a
ti
o
n
i
n
p
o
we
r
sy
ste
m
s
a
n
d
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
t
y
i
n
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
n
e
two
r
k
s.
At
U
n
iv
e
rsitas
M
a
li
k
u
ss
a
leh
(UN
IM
AL),
h
e
s
e
rv
e
s
a
s
a
lec
tu
re
r
i
n
t
h
e
fiel
d
s
o
f
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
Util
iza
ti
o
n
.
O
v
e
r
th
e
p
a
st
fiv
e
y
e
a
rs,
h
e
h
a
s
su
c
c
e
ss
fu
ll
y
se
c
u
re
d
re
se
a
rc
h
g
ra
n
ts
to
talin
g
m
o
re
th
a
n
IDR
2
5
0
m
il
li
o
n
.
Cu
rre
n
t
ly
,
h
e
wo
r
k
s
a
s
a
n
As
so
c
iate
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
a
t
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
i
v
e
rsitas
M
a
li
k
u
ss
a
leh
,
Ac
e
h
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
is
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
i
n
th
e
U
n
d
e
rg
ra
d
u
a
te
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
P
r
o
g
ra
m
,
th
e
M
a
ste
r’s
P
r
o
g
ra
m
i
n
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
a
n
d
th
e
M
a
ste
r’s
P
ro
g
ra
m
in
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
.
Be
y
o
n
d
tea
c
h
i
n
g
,
h
e
is
a
c
ti
v
e
ly
i
n
v
o
lv
e
d
a
s
th
e
Ed
i
to
r
-
in
-
Ch
ief
o
f
th
e
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
r
g
y
,
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(JREE
CE)
a
n
d
th
e
Jo
u
rn
a
l
S
o
lu
si
M
a
sy
a
ra
k
a
t
Dik
a
ra
(JSM
D).
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
rn
a
wa
n
@u
n
ima
l.
a
c
.
id
.
Mu
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
y
u
ti
is
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
a
t
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
i
n
U
n
iv
e
rsitas
M
a
li
k
u
ss
a
leh
,
Ac
e
h
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
wo
rk
s
a
s
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
t
th
e
Un
d
e
rg
ra
d
u
a
te
P
ro
g
ra
m
o
f
In
d
u
strial
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
M
a
ste
r
P
r
o
g
ra
m
o
f
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
I
n
tere
st
in
re
se
a
rc
h
in
th
e
fiel
d
o
f
m
a
teria
l,
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
,
a
n
d
i
n
d
u
strial
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
.
Ap
a
rt
fro
m
tea
c
h
in
g
,
h
e
is
a
lso
a
c
ti
v
e
a
s
a
Re
v
iew
e
r
a
t
th
e
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
,
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l,
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(JREECE
).
C
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
s
He
a
d
o
f
th
e
M
BKM
p
ro
g
ra
m
(In
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
fo
r
Lea
r
n
in
g
a
n
d
In
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
Ca
m
p
u
s),
Un
i
v
e
rsitas
M
a
li
k
u
ss
a
leh
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
sa
y
u
ti
_
m
@u
n
ima
l.
a
c
.
id
.
Wid
y
a
n
a
Ve
r
a
wa
t
y
S
ire
g
a
r
is
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Eco
n
o
m
ics
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
a
t
Un
i
v
e
rsitas
M
a
li
k
u
s
sa
leh
,
Ac
e
h
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
wo
r
k
s
a
s
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
t
th
e
Un
d
e
rg
ra
d
u
a
te
P
ro
g
ra
m
o
f
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
M
a
ste
r
P
ro
g
ra
m
o
f
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
I
n
tere
st
i
n
r
e
se
a
rc
h
in
t
h
e
fiel
d
o
f
p
o
we
r
s
y
st
e
m
s,
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
,
a
n
d
sy
ste
m
c
o
n
tr
o
l.
A
p
a
rt
fr
o
m
tea
c
h
in
g
,
h
e
is
a
lso
a
c
ti
v
e
a
s
c
h
i
e
f
e
d
it
o
r
a
t
t
h
e
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
,
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l,
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
(JRE
ECE
)
a
n
d
th
e
Ju
r
n
a
l
S
o
l
u
si
M
a
sy
a
ra
k
a
t
Dik
a
r
a
(JSM
D).
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
wid
y
a
n
a
.
v
e
ra
wa
ty
@u
n
ima
l.
a
c
.
id
.
Fer
d
y
H
id
a
y
a
t
u
ll
a
h
i
s
a
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
in
t
h
e
M
a
s
t
e
r
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
o
f
Re
n
e
w
a
b
le
E
n
e
r
g
y
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
at
t
h
e
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
a
s
M
a
l
i
k
u
s
sa
l
e
h
,
A
c
e
h
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
.
H
e
i
s
a
l
s
o
a
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
s
s
is
t
a
n
t
a
n
d
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
u
m
a
s
s
is
t
a
n
t
a
t
t
h
e
U
n
i
m
a
l
M
a
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.