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em
to
war
d
s
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
r
ec
eiv
in
g
en
d
T
h
e
wo
r
k
is
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
b
y
th
e
d
em
u
ltip
lex
er
,
o
r
d
em
u
x
.
Mu
ltip
lex
er
s
an
d
d
em
u
ltip
lex
er
s
ar
e
d
ev
ices
th
at
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
c
o
m
p
ar
ab
le
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
in
d
ig
ita
l
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
wo
r
k
in
g
with
d
ig
ital
s
ig
n
als.
A
d
ig
ital
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
ac
co
u
n
tab
le
f
o
r
ca
s
ca
d
in
g
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
d
i
g
ital
s
ig
n
als
in
to
a
s
in
g
le
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
f
o
r
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
A
d
em
u
ltip
lex
er
is
task
ed
with
d
i
v
id
in
g
th
e
d
is
tin
ct
s
ig
n
als
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
at
th
e
r
ec
eiv
in
g
en
d
.
Dig
ital
m
u
ltip
lex
er
s
an
d
d
em
u
ltip
le
x
er
s
ar
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
tly
ac
tiv
e
i
n
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
d
ata
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
E
x
a
m
p
les
o
f
th
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
v
o
lv
e
co
m
p
u
ter
n
etwo
r
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
d
ig
ital
au
d
io
an
d
v
id
eo
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
ese
d
ev
ices
ca
n
s
im
p
lif
y
b
o
th
th
e
ac
c
u
m
u
latio
n
o
f
s
ev
e
r
al
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
in
to
a
s
in
g
u
lar
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
d
ata
lin
k
an
d
t
h
e
d
is
ag
g
r
eg
atio
n
o
f
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
f
r
o
m
s
u
ch
a
lin
k
.
Mu
ltip
lex
er
s
an
d
d
em
u
ltip
lex
er
s
ar
e
d
ec
is
iv
e
elem
en
ts
th
at
en
ab
le
th
e
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
s
ev
er
al
s
ig
n
als
o
v
er
a
s
in
g
le
ch
an
n
el.
T
h
ese
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
in
b
o
th
an
alo
g
an
d
d
ig
ital
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
ac
tice
o
f
th
ese
d
ev
ices
lo
wer
s
co
s
t
s
an
d
en
h
an
ce
s
s
y
s
tem
ef
f
icien
cy
b
y
o
p
tim
izin
g
th
e
ess
en
tial
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ch
an
n
els
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
th
e
i
n
teg
r
it
y
o
f
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
ess
ag
es.
T
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
v
ar
i
o
u
s
m
o
d
u
les,
in
clu
d
in
g
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
,
tr
ib
u
tar
y
s
tatio
n
s
,
r
elay
s
tatio
n
s
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Mu
l
tip
lex
in
g
allo
ws
th
e
co
n
c
u
r
r
en
t
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
p
a
r
allel
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
ty
p
es
o
f
s
ig
n
als
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
u
ch
as
au
d
i
o
an
d
v
i
d
eo
,
o
v
er
a
s
in
g
le
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
c
h
an
n
el.
T
h
e
m
o
d
u
les
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
telec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
witch
in
g
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
co
n
s
en
tin
g
s
ev
er
al
co
n
v
er
s
atio
n
s
to
o
cc
u
r
o
v
er
a
s
in
g
le
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e.
Mu
x
ca
n
also
b
e
u
s
ed
in
c
o
m
p
u
ter
s
to
s
to
r
e
m
o
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
an
d
u
s
e
f
ewe
r
co
p
p
er
wir
es to
co
n
n
ec
t m
e
m
o
r
y
to
th
e
v
ar
i
o
u
s
cir
cu
it c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
a
co
m
p
u
ter
.
GPS
Satellites
in
s
p
ac
e
ca
n
also
s
en
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
u
s
in
g
d
ata
s
ig
n
als.
W
av
elen
g
th
-
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
i
n
g
(
W
DM
)
[
3
]
,
[
4
]
is
a
way
to
s
en
d
lo
ts
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
f
ib
er
o
p
tic
ca
b
le.
I
t
o
p
er
ates
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
s
ev
e
r
al
co
lo
r
s
o
f
lig
h
t
to
tr
an
s
m
it
m
an
y
s
ig
n
als
s
im
u
lt
an
eo
u
s
ly
.
T
h
is
in
d
icate
s
th
at
W
DM
ca
n
f
ac
ilit
ate
s
wif
ter
an
d
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
y
em
p
lo
y
in
g
d
is
tin
ct
wav
elen
g
th
s
(
o
r
co
lo
r
s
)
o
f
lig
h
t
to
tr
an
s
m
it
v
ar
io
u
s
s
ig
n
als
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
o
v
er
th
e
s
am
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
Or
th
o
g
o
n
al
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
-
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
(
O
FDM)
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
is
a
way
to
s
en
d
lo
ts
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
air
o
r
o
v
er
ca
b
l
es.
I
t
wo
r
k
s
b
y
b
r
ea
k
in
g
u
p
t
h
e
d
ata
in
to
s
m
aller
p
iece
s
an
d
s
en
d
in
g
th
e
m
o
v
e
r
m
an
y
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
n
ar
r
o
w
b
an
d
s
ig
n
als
ca
lled
s
u
b
ca
r
r
ier
s
[
7
]
.
OFDM
tr
an
s
m
its
d
ata
at
c
o
m
p
ar
a
b
le
v
el
o
cities
wh
ile
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
r
e
d
u
ce
d
p
o
w
er
.
Sp
atial
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
,
co
m
m
o
n
ly
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
s
p
ac
e
-
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
(
SDM)
,
is
a
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
tr
a
n
s
m
itti
n
g
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
d
ata
ch
a
n
n
els
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
th
r
o
u
g
h
air
o
r
ca
b
les
[
8
]
.
I
t
o
p
er
ates
b
y
em
p
lo
y
in
g
s
ev
er
al
an
ten
n
as
o
r
f
ib
er
s
to
c
o
n
v
e
y
s
ig
n
als
in
v
a
r
io
u
s
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
o
r
v
ia
d
is
tin
ct
p
ath
way
s
[
9
]
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
e
m
p
lo
y
e
d
in
MI
MO
wir
eless
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
,
f
i
b
er
-
o
p
tic
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
,
a
n
d
v
ar
io
u
s
o
th
er
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
v
o
lu
m
e
o
f
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
co
n
cu
r
r
en
tly
.
Mo
d
e
-
d
i
v
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
(
MD
M)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
e
n
ab
les
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
d
ata
v
o
lu
m
es
b
etwe
en
lo
ca
tio
n
s
v
ia
ca
b
le
o
r
f
ib
e
r
o
p
tic
lin
es
[
1
0
]
.
I
t
ac
h
ie
v
es
th
is
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
m
an
y
lig
h
t
m
o
d
es
,
en
ab
lin
g
th
e
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
s
ig
n
als.
I
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
7
2
2
-
3
2
2
1
C
o
m
p
u
t Sci
I
n
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
ch
20
25
:
28
-
39
30
alter
n
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
s
,
t
h
is
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
MD
M
f
ac
ilit
ates
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
th
at
is
b
o
t
h
s
wif
ter
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t.
MD
M
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
ac
r
o
s
s
d
iv
er
s
e
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
f
r
o
m
o
b
ject
ev
alu
atio
n
u
s
in
g
lig
h
t
t
o
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
lik
e
q
u
an
t
u
m
o
p
tics
.
T
h
e
r
esep
a
r
atio
n
o
f
m
u
ltip
lex
e
d
s
ig
n
als
in
to
th
eir
o
r
ig
i
n
al
s
tr
ea
m
s
is
ess
en
tia
l
f
o
r
p
r
ec
is
e
d
ec
o
d
in
g
an
d
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
to
th
eir
d
esig
n
ate
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
.
Dem
u
ltip
lex
in
g
d
ir
ec
ts
ea
ch
s
ig
n
al
to
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
r
ec
eiv
e
r
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Dem
u
ltip
lex
in
g
r
ei
n
s
tates
d
ata
in
teg
r
it
y
b
y
r
ev
er
tin
g
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
to
t
h
eir
o
r
ig
i
n
al
f
o
r
m
at,
th
er
ef
o
r
e
p
r
e
v
en
tin
g
an
y
d
ata
lo
s
s
.
I
t
en
s
u
r
es
ac
cu
r
ate
s
tr
ea
m
id
en
tific
atio
n
an
d
allo
ca
tio
n
to
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ie
d
u
s
er
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Desp
ite
u
tili
zin
g
t
h
e
s
am
e
ch
an
n
el,
d
em
u
ltip
lex
in
g
en
ab
les
m
u
lti
p
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
to
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tl
y
m
an
ag
e
d
is
tin
ct
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
.
T
h
is
g
u
ar
an
tees
ef
f
icien
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
tatem
en
t
o
f
th
e
wo
r
k
i
s
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
h
ar
d
wa
r
e
co
m
p
lex
ity
o
f
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t sizes o
f
m
u
ltip
lex
er
s
.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
T
h
e
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
E
an
d
W
b
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
[
1
1
]
o
f
m
u
ltil
ay
er
liq
u
id
cr
y
s
t
al
p
o
ly
m
er
(
L
C
P)
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
as
a
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
iv
id
er
with
a
d
ir
ec
tio
n
al
f
i
lter
.
T
h
e
m
u
ltip
le
x
er
is
a
d
e
v
ice
u
s
ed
in
o
p
tical
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
a
p
lasmo
n
ic
[
1
2
]
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
is
a
b
asic
elem
en
t
in
o
p
tical
in
teg
r
ated
cir
cu
its
.
T
h
e
m
u
ltip
lex
er
h
as
p
r
ac
tical
u
s
es
in
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
ic
[1
3]
in
teg
r
ated
s
y
s
tem
s
,
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
,
an
d
th
e
est
ab
lis
h
m
en
t
o
f
o
p
tical
n
etwo
r
k
in
g
.
An
o
p
tical
ad
d
/d
r
o
p
[
1
4
]
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
is
a
d
ev
ice
th
at
h
elp
s
p
r
o
tect
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
k
s
in
an
o
p
tical
ac
ce
s
s
n
etwo
r
k
,
wh
ich
is
g
r
o
win
g
f
ast.
I
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
,
s
ec
u
r
e,
an
d
l
o
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
A
m
u
ltip
lex
er
latch
is
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t p
a
r
t
th
at
h
elp
s
en
ab
le
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
1
5
]
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
in
Gb
p
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
s
er
ializer
in
ter
f
ac
e.
On
e
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
b
o
o
s
tin
g
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
r
ates
in
v
is
ib
le
lig
h
t
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
(
VL
C
)
f
ib
er
s
y
s
tem
s
is
to
em
p
lo
y
W
DM
[
1
6
]
.
New
m
eth
o
d
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
c
r
ea
ted
to
s
ee
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
in
g
s
th
at
s
ca
tter
lig
h
t,
lik
e
f
o
g
o
r
t
is
s
u
e.
T
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
u
s
e
s
o
m
eth
i
n
g
ca
lle
d
s
p
ec
k
le
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
[
1
7
]
a
n
d
th
ey
ar
e
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
in
m
a
n
y
d
if
f
er
en
t
a
r
ea
s
.
R
ad
io
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
-
b
ased
wav
el
en
g
th
d
i
v
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
[
1
8
]
f
o
r
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
o
p
tical
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
M
-
ar
y
p
u
ls
e
p
o
s
i
tio
n
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
(
M
-
ar
y
PP
M)
an
d
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
t
h
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
p
o
in
tin
g
er
r
o
r
(
PE)
,
am
p
lifie
d
s
p
o
n
tan
eo
u
s
em
is
s
io
n
n
o
is
e,
an
d
in
te
r
-
ch
a
n
n
el
c
r
o
s
s
talk
.
Or
th
o
g
o
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
le
x
in
g
[
1
9
]
an
d
d
if
f
er
en
tial
p
h
ase
s
h
if
t
k
e
y
(
DPSK)
f
o
r
I
n
ter
-
Satellite
wir
eless
lin
k
.
T
h
is
wo
r
k
in
cl
u
d
es
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
1
0
G
b
p
s
o
f
d
ata
o
v
er
2
0
0
0
0
Km
u
s
in
g
I
n
ter
s
atellite
o
p
t
ical
wir
eless
lin
k
(
OW
L
)
.
T
h
is
was
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
r
ad
io
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
o
p
tical
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
b
a
s
ed
o
n
s
p
atial
m
o
d
e
[
2
0
]
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
(
SMM
)
,
m
u
ltip
le
in
p
u
t
m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
ts
(
MI
MO
)
,
an
d
o
r
b
ital
an
g
u
lar
m
o
m
en
tu
m
(
O
AM
)
in
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
atm
o
s
p
h
er
ic
tu
r
b
u
len
ce
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
t
o
n
ic
lan
te
r
n
is
u
s
ed
as
a
m
o
d
e
m
u
ltip
lex
er
[
2
1
]
in
m
u
ltimo
d
e
o
p
tica
l
telec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
b
y
u
s
in
g
SDM.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
h
ig
h
ca
p
ac
ity
u
n
d
er
[
2
2
]
wate
r
o
p
tical
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
is
b
ased
o
n
SDM
b
y
u
s
in
g
OAM
.
T
h
is
wo
r
k
also
in
clu
d
es
d
ig
ital
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
DSP)
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
alle
v
iate
th
e
in
ter
-
m
o
d
e
c
r
o
s
s
talk
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
to
s
o
,
tis
s
u
e
s
y
s
tem
s
b
io
lo
g
y
i
n
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
a
p
p
l
icatio
n
s
is
also
b
ased
o
n
m
u
ltip
lex
ed
[
2
3
]
im
ag
in
g
.
T
h
is
wo
r
k
also
in
cl
u
d
es
clin
ical
p
ath
o
lo
g
y
,
q
u
an
titativ
e
p
ath
o
lo
g
y
,
s
in
g
le
-
ce
ll
an
aly
s
is
,
im
ag
in
g
m
ass
cy
to
m
etr
y
,
an
d
m
u
ltip
lex
ed
io
n
b
ea
m
im
ag
in
g
.
F
o
llo
win
g
th
is
an
o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
-
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
ac
ce
s
s
(
OFDMA
)
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
VL
C
[
2
4
]
m
i
n
im
izes
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
witch
in
g
d
elay
an
d
h
en
ce
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
au
d
io
an
d
v
i
d
eo
s
ig
n
als
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
a
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
h
y
b
r
i
d
OFDM
is
u
s
ed
in
wir
eless
-
o
v
er
-
f
ib
er
[
2
5
]
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
at
th
e
o
p
tical
lin
e
ter
m
in
al
(
OL
T
)
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
th
e
p
o
lar
izatio
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
p
o
lar
izatio
n
m
o
d
u
latio
n
a
n
d
p
o
lar
izatio
n
m
u
ltip
le
x
in
g
[
2
6
]
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
m
ak
e
a
co
u
p
led
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
-
d
o
u
b
lin
g
o
p
to
elec
tr
o
n
ic
o
s
cillato
r
(
OE
O)
wh
ich
ca
n
g
en
er
ate
a
9
.
9
5
GHz
s
ig
n
al
f
o
r
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
m
icr
o
wa
v
e
an
d
1
9
.
9
GHz
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
-
d
o
u
b
led
m
icr
o
wav
e.
A
m
u
ltich
an
n
el
an
d
co
m
p
ac
t
h
y
b
r
id
-
m
u
ltip
lex
e
d
[
2
7
]
p
o
ten
tiated
is
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
elec
tr
o
c
h
em
ical
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
at
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
-
b
iased
elec
tr
o
d
e
ar
r
ay
s
.
A
p
h
o
to
n
ic
cir
cu
it
p
ath
is
a
s
etu
p
b
y
em
p
lo
y
in
g
tim
e
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
ed
[
2
8
]
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ar
b
itra
tio
n
in
a
p
h
o
to
n
ic
m
esh
n
etwo
r
k
.
T
h
e
m
u
ltip
lex
ed
H.
2
6
4
/AVC
v
id
eo
co
n
f
er
en
ce
s
o
u
r
ce
s
[
2
9
]
ar
e
u
s
ed
t
o
cr
ea
te
a
d
is
cr
ete
au
to
r
eg
r
ess
iv
e
m
o
d
el
to
e
x
p
l
o
r
e
th
e
s
tatis
tics
o
f
b
u
s
ty
v
id
eo
s
ig
n
als.
Mu
ltip
le
x
er
s
[
2
0
]
a
r
e
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
in
s
tr
u
m
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
s
ig
n
als
in
o
p
tical
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
o
p
to
elec
tr
o
n
ics d
ev
ices.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
in
Fib
er
o
p
tic
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
,
s
p
atial
m
u
ltip
le
x
in
g
[
3
0
]
f
ac
ilit
ates
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ch
an
n
els
with
in
an
o
p
tical
Fib
er
b
y
a
s
s
ig
n
in
g
a
d
is
tin
ct
s
p
atial
lo
ca
ti
o
n
to
ea
c
h
ch
a
n
n
el,
t
h
er
e
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
o
p
tical
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
An
o
p
t
ical
ad
d
/d
r
o
p
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
u
tili
ze
d
in
th
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
io
n
o
f
a
c
h
ao
tic
s
ig
n
al
-
g
en
er
atin
g
a
n
d
ca
n
ce
la
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
o
p
t
ical
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
3
1
]
.
Op
t
ical
co
d
e
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
(
OC
DM
)
is
u
tili
ze
d
in
m
u
lti
-
ter
a
b
it
-
p
er
-
s
ec
o
n
d
o
p
to
elec
tr
o
n
ic
n
etwo
r
k
s
[
3
2
]
.
A
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
-
s
elec
tiv
e
[
3
3
]
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
m
icr
o
wav
e
s
witch
in
g
b
y
co
m
b
in
in
g
s
in
g
le
-
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
p
h
o
to
n
ic
b
an
d
g
ap
(
PB
G)
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es.
Mu
ltip
le
x
ed
p
ar
ticle
-
b
ased
f
lo
w
cy
to
m
etr
ic
ass
ay
s
[
3
4
]
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
an
y
v
a
r
io
u
s
an
aly
tes
in
a
s
m
all
s
am
p
le
v
o
lu
m
e
o
f
tis
s
u
e
cu
ltu
r
e
a
n
d
b
io
lo
g
ical
f
lu
id
s
s
a
m
p
les,
lik
e
b
io
ass
ay
s
,
en
zy
m
e
-
lin
k
ed
im
m
u
n
o
s
o
r
b
en
t
ass
ay
(
E
L
I
SA)
,
r
ec
o
m
b
in
ase
p
o
ly
m
er
ase
am
p
li
f
icatio
n
(
R
PA)
,
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
C
o
m
p
u
t Sci
I
n
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2722
-
3
2
2
1
F
ield
p
r
o
g
r
a
mma
b
le
g
a
te
a
r
r
a
y
s
imu
la
tio
n
a
n
d
s
tu
d
y
o
n
d
if
feren
t m
u
ltip
lexe
r
h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
…
(
A
r
vin
d
K
u
ma
r
)
31
p
o
ly
m
er
ase
ch
ain
r
ea
ctio
n
(
PC
R
)
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
m
u
ltip
lex
in
g
an
d
d
em
u
ltip
lex
in
g
h
a
r
d
w
ar
e
m
u
s
t
wo
r
k
well
to
h
an
d
le
lar
g
e
am
o
u
n
ts
o
f
d
ata
s
en
t
o
v
er
n
etwo
r
k
s
lik
e
p
h
o
n
e
lin
es,
co
m
p
u
ter
n
etw
o
r
k
s
,
an
d
s
atellite
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
,
an
d
to
m
ak
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t
wh
ile
c
u
ttin
g
c
o
s
ts
[
3
5
]
,
[
3
6
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
a
m
u
ltip
lex
er
m
ay
d
if
f
er
b
ased
o
n
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
ch
as
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
in
p
u
ts
,
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
elec
t
lin
es,
an
d
th
e
lo
g
ic
f
o
r
in
p
u
t s
elec
ti
on
[
3
7
]
,
[
3
8
]
.
3.
DE
S
I
G
N
AP
P
RO
ACH
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
is
f
o
llo
wed
b
as
ed
o
n
th
e
d
if
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er
en
t
s
izes
s
u
ch
as
(
2
×
1
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,
(
4
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,
(
8
×1
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,
(
1
6
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,
(
3
2
×
1
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,
an
d
(
6
4
×1
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.
T
h
e
b
e
h
av
io
r
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f
th
e
d
esig
n
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u
n
d
e
r
s
to
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d
b
as
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n
th
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f
u
n
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n
tab
le,
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g
ic
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g
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a
n
d
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o
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in
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s
.
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h
e
s
elec
tio
n
in
p
u
ts
p
la
y
a
v
e
r
y
im
p
o
r
tan
t
r
o
le
i
n
th
e
m
u
ltip
lex
er
d
esig
n
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r
a
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
ab
le
m
u
ltip
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2
n
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,
t
h
e
‘
n
’
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
in
p
u
ts
.
3
.
1
.
(
2
×
1
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M
ux
A
2
×1
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
a
s
im
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le
d
ev
ice
t
h
at
h
as
two
in
p
u
t
o
p
ti
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,
I
0
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n
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I
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n
d
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n
e
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e,
S
0
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h
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t,
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co
n
n
ec
ted
to
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e
r
I
0
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r
I
1
d
ep
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n
d
in
g
o
n
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ig
n
al
r
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b
y
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0
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T
h
e
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m
u
ltip
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'
s
B
lo
ck
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ep
r
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tatio
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u
n
ctio
n
al
tab
le
,
lo
g
ical
eq
u
atio
n
,
an
d
a
lo
g
ical
d
iag
r
am
a
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
elo
w
f
o
r
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
b
lo
ck
r
ep
r
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n
o
f
(
2
×1
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M
u
x
,
an
d
its
lo
g
ic
lev
el
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
is
p
r
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ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
lo
g
ical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
(
2
×1
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Mu
x
is
g
iv
en
in
(
1
)
.
T
a
b
le
1
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
o
f
(
2
×1
)
Mu
x
.
=
̅
0
0
+
0
1
(
1
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
Mu
x
(
2
×
1
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
L
o
g
ical
d
iag
r
am
o
f
(
2
×1
)
Mu
x
T
ab
le
1
.
Fu
n
ctio
n
al
tab
le
o
f
(
2
×
1
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Mu
x
I
n
p
u
t
O
u
t
p
u
t
S
0
Y
0
I
0
1
I
1
3
.
2
.
(4
×
1
)
M
ux
A
(
4
×
1
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m
u
ltip
lex
er
h
as f
o
u
r
i
n
p
u
t o
p
tio
n
s
: I
0
, I
1
, I
2
,
a
n
d
I
3
,
a
lo
n
g
with
two
s
elec
tio
n
lin
es,
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0
an
d
S
1
.
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t
h
as
o
n
e
o
u
tp
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t,
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wh
ic
h
is
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n
n
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ted
to
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
i
n
p
u
ts
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
ig
n
als
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eiv
ed
b
y
S
0
an
d
S
1
.
T
h
e
4
×
1
m
u
ltip
lex
er
'
s
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
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tatio
n
,
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u
n
cti
o
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ta
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le,
lo
g
ical
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atio
n
,
a
n
d
l
o
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ical
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i
ag
r
am
a
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
elo
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f
o
r
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
b
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
(
2
×
1
)
M
u
x
,
an
d
its
lo
g
ic
lev
el
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
is
p
r
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ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
lo
g
ical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
(
4
×
1
)
Mu
x
is
g
iv
en
in
(
2
)
.
T
a
b
le
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
o
f
(
4
×
1
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Mu
x
.
=
̅
0
̅
1
0
+
̅
0
1
+
0
̅
1
2
+
0
1
3
(
2
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
7
2
2
-
3
2
2
1
C
o
m
p
u
t Sci
I
n
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
ch
20
25
:
28
-
39
32
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
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o
f
(
4
×
1
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Mu
x
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
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o
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ical
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iag
r
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f
(
4
×
1
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Mu
x
T
ab
le
2
.
Fu
n
ctio
n
al
tab
le
o
f
(
4
×
1
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Mu
x
I
n
p
u
t
O
u
t
p
u
t
S
0
S
1
Y
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
.
3
.
(
6
4
×
1
)
M
ux
T
h
e
(
6
4
×
1
)
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
a
d
ev
ice
th
at
h
as
a
to
tal
o
f
6
4
in
p
u
t
o
p
tio
n
s
,
f
r
o
m
I
0
to
I
64
,
an
d
s
ix
s
elec
tio
n
lin
es,
S
0
to
S
5
.
I
t
h
as
o
n
e
o
u
tp
u
t,
Y,
wh
ich
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
6
4
in
p
u
ts
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
s
ig
n
als
r
ec
eiv
ed
b
y
S
0
to
S
5
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
al
T
ab
le
3
f
o
r
th
e
(
6
4
×
1
)
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
g
iv
en
b
elo
w
to
h
elp
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t selec
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
in
p
u
t sig
n
als r
ec
eiv
ed
b
y
t
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
lin
es.
T
ab
le
3
.
Fu
n
ctio
n
al
tab
le
o
f
(
6
4
×
1
)
Mu
x
In
p
u
t
s
O
u
t
p
u
t
s
S
0
S
1
S
2
S
3
S
4
S
5
Y
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
I
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
I
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
I
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
I
4
0
0
0
1
0
1
I
5
0
0
0
1
1
0
I
6
0
0
0
1
1
1
I
7
0
0
1
0
0
0
I
8
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
1
1
1
1
1
0
I
62
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
63
T
h
e
lo
g
ical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
(
8
×
1
)
,
(
1
6
×
1
)
,
(
3
2
×
1
)
,
an
d
(
6
4
×
1
)
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
b
y
(
3
)
t
o
(
6
)
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
(8
×
1
)
Mu
x
:
i
n
th
e
lo
g
ical
f
o
r
m
,
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
Y
is
g
iv
en
in
(
3
)
;
th
e
(
1
6
×
1
)
Mu
x
:
in
th
e
lo
g
ical
f
o
r
m
,
o
u
tp
u
t
Y
is
g
i
v
en
i
n
(
4
)
;
th
e
(
3
2
×1
)
Mu
x
:
in
th
e
lo
g
i
ca
l
f
o
r
m
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
Y
is
g
iv
e
n
in
(
5
)
;
t
h
e
(
6
4
×1
)
Mu
x
:
o
n
th
e
lo
g
ical
f
o
r
m
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
Y
is
g
iv
en
i
n
(
6
)
.
Simi
lar
ly
,
th
e
b
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
s
o
f
(
8
×
1
)
,
(
1
6
×
1
)
,
(
3
2
×1
)
,
an
d
(
6
4
×1
)
a
r
e
g
iv
e
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
s
6
to
9
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
=
̅
0
̅
1
̅
2
0
+
0
̅
1
2
1
+
̅
0
1
̅
2
2
+
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0
1
2
3
+
0
̅
1
̅
2
4
+
0
̅
1
2
5
+
0
1
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2
6
+
0
1
2
7
(
3
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=
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0
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1
̅
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3
0
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0
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̅
2
3
1
+
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3
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3
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1
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3
6
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0
1
2
3
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0
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1
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2
̅
3
8
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0
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1
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2
3
9
+
0
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1
2
̅
3
10
+
0
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1
2
3
11
+
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1
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̅
3
12
+
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1
̅
2
3
13
+
0
1
2
̅
3
14
+
0
1
2
3
15
(
4
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
C
o
m
p
u
t Sci
I
n
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2722
-
3
2
2
1
F
ield
p
r
o
g
r
a
mma
b
le
g
a
te
a
r
r
a
y
s
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la
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d
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tu
d
y
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if
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t m
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lexe
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h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
…
(
A
r
vin
d
K
u
ma
r
)
33
=
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0
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1
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̅
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0
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2
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3
4
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2
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0
̅
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4
3
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4
4
+
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1
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0
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2
3
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4
6
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0
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1
2
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4
7
+
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0
1
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2
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4
8
+
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4
9
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0
1
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4
10
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4
11
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4
12
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0
1
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3
4
13
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1
2
3
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4
14
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0
1
2
3
4
15
+
0
̅
1
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2
̅
3
̅
4
16
+
0
̅
1
̅
2
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3
4
17
+
0
̅
1
̅
2
3
̅
4
18
+
0
̅
1
̅
2
3
4
19
+
0
̅
1
2
̅
3
̅
4
20
+
0
̅
1
2
̅
3
4
21
+
0
̅
1
2
3
̅
4
22
+
0
̅
1
2
3
4
23
+
0
1
̅
2
̅
3
̅
4
24
+
0
1
̅
2
̅
3
4
25
+
0
1
̅
2
3
̅
4
26
+
0
1
̅
2
3
4
27
+
0
1
2
̅
3
̅
4
28
+
0
1
2
̅
3
4
29
+
0
1
2
3
̅
4
30
+
0
1
2
3
4
31
(
5
)
Y
=
̅
0
̅
1
̅
2
̅
3
̅
4
̅
5
0
+
̅
0
̅
1
̅
2
̅
3
̅
4
5
1
+
̅
0
̅
1
̅
2
̅
3
4
̅
5
2
+
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0
̅
1
̅
2
̅
3
4
5
3
+
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0
̅
1
̅
2
3
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4
̅
5
4
+
̅
0
̅
1
̅
2
3
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4
5
5
+
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0
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1
̅
2
3
4
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5
6
+
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0
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1
̅
2
3
4
5
7
+
̅
0
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1
2
̅
3
̅
4
̅
5
8
+
̅
0
̅
1
2
̅
3
̅
4
5
9
+
̅
0
̅
1
2
̅
3
4
̅
5
10
+
̅
0
̅
1
2
̅
3
4
5
11
+
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0
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1
2
3
̅
4
̅
5
12
+
̅
0
̅
1
2
3
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4
5
13
+
̅
0
̅
1
2
3
4
̅
5
14
+
̅
0
̅
1
2
3
4
5
15
+
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0
1
̅
2
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3
̅
4
̅
5
16
+
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0
1
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2
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3
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4
5
17
+
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0
1
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2
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3
4
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5
18
+
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0
1
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2
̅
3
4
5
19
+
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0
1
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2
3
̅
4
̅
5
20
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+
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(
6
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
(
8
×
1
)
Mu
x
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
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6
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x
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
(
3
2
×1
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Mu
x
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
B
lo
ck
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
(
6
4
×1
)
Mu
x
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
(
2
×
1
)
,
(
4
×
1
)
,
(
8
×1
)
,
(
1
6
×1
)
,
(
3
2
×
1
)
,
an
d
(
6
4
×1
)
Mu
x
ar
e
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
in
Xilin
x
I
SE1
4
.
7
.
T
h
e
r
eg
is
ter
tr
an
s
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er
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T
L
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d
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e
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ar
e
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Fig
u
r
es
1
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a)
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o
1
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f
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.
T
h
e
R
T
L
lis
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th
e
in
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u
t
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u
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t
o
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e
d
esig
n
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ab
le
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ts
th
e
d
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ip
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n
o
f
th
e
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in
s
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tili
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in
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e
d
esig
n
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VH
DL
co
d
e
d
elin
ea
tes
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
d
ata
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u
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an
s
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er
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in
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L
.
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h
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
r
an
s
p
ir
es d
u
e
to
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h
e
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m
b
in
atio
n
al
lo
g
ic
p
o
s
itio
n
ed
b
etwe
en
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
7
2
2
-
3
2
2
1
C
o
m
p
u
t Sci
I
n
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
ch
20
25
:
28
-
39
34
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
(f)
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
R
T
L
v
iew
o
f
(
a
)
(
2
×1
)
; (
b
)
4
×1
)
;
(
c)
(
8
×1
)
;
(
d
)
(
1
6
×1
)
; (
e)
(
3
2
×
1
)
,
a
n
d
(
f
)
(
6
4
×
1
)
Mu
x
T
ab
le
4
.
R
T
L
d
escr
ip
tio
n
b
ase
d
o
n
p
in
s
P
i
n
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D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
I
0
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n
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t
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t
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h
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th
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n
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t
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n
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e
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l
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r
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4
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1
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n
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t
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b
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s
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n
p
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t
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r
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2
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n
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n
p
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t
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l
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r
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4
×
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3
<
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n
p
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t
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1
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b
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P
r
e
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t
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h
e
(
3
rd
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n
p
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t
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f
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l
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r
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4
×
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:
:
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63
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n
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t
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t
h
e
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3
rd
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n
p
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t
p
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h
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l
t
i
p
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e
r
(
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4
×
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S
0
<
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n
p
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t
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b
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t
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e
sen
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s
t
h
e
(
0
th
)
p
o
si
t
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o
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se
l
e
c
t
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n
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n
p
u
t
p
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n
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e
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l
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1
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2
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P
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n
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×
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4
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r
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4
×
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5
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n
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b
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>
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(
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th
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si
t
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n
se
l
e
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t
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o
n
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n
p
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t
p
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n
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f
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e
m
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l
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r
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4
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<
O
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t
p
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t
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t
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m
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l
t
i
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l
e
x
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r
(
6
4
×
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)
Fig
u
r
es
1
1
to
1
6
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
tak
en
f
r
o
m
th
e
I
SIM
s
im
u
latio
n
in
Xilin
x
f
o
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
s
izes
o
f
m
u
ltip
lex
er
(
2
×1
)
,
(
4
×1
)
,
(
8
×
1
)
,
(
1
6
×1
)
,
(
3
2
×
1
)
an
d
(
6
4
×1
)
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
v
er
if
icatio
n
r
elies
o
n
th
e
i
n
p
u
ts
d
esig
n
ated
I
0
to
I
63
,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
lo
g
ic
i
n
p
u
ts
S
0
to
S
5
,
wh
ich
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
e
m
u
ltip
le
x
er
ex
h
ib
its
h
ig
h
ef
f
icien
c
y
in
d
ir
ec
tin
g
m
an
y
in
p
u
t
s
ig
n
als
to
a
s
in
g
le
o
u
tp
u
t
s
ig
n
al
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
co
n
tr
o
l sig
n
als.
T
ab
le
5
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
FP
GAs
s
u
c
h
as
Vir
tex
-
5
,
Vir
tex
–
6
,
SP
AR
T
AN
-
3
E
,
an
d
SP
AR
T
AN
-
6
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
t
ab
le,
it
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
t
h
at
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
FP
GAs
in
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
lices,
L
UT
s
,
an
d
d
elay
s
is
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
with
h
ig
h
er
co
n
f
ig
u
r
at
io
n
s
.
T
h
ese
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
d
ir
ec
tly
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
f
twar
e
b
y
ch
o
o
s
in
g
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
FP
GA
an
d
d
ev
ice
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
h
a
r
d
w
ar
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
as th
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
m
u
ltip
lex
er
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ati
o
n
is
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
C
o
m
p
u
t Sci
I
n
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2722
-
3
2
2
1
F
ield
p
r
o
g
r
a
mma
b
le
g
a
te
a
r
r
a
y
s
imu
la
tio
n
a
n
d
s
tu
d
y
o
n
d
if
feren
t m
u
ltip
lexe
r
h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
…
(
A
r
vin
d
K
u
ma
r
)
35
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
m
u
ltip
lex
er
s
ac
r
o
s
s
f
o
u
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
FP
GA
f
am
ilies
:
Vir
tex
-
5
,
SP
AR
T
AN
-
3
E
,
Vir
t
ex
-
6
,
an
d
SP
AR
T
AN
-
6
.
T
h
e
d
ata
p
r
o
v
id
es
in
s
ig
h
ts
i
n
to
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
s
ag
e,
d
elay
,
m
em
o
r
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
an
d
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
Vir
tex
-
5
f
am
ily
ex
h
i
b
its
a
r
elativ
ely
h
ig
h
-
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
6
4
×
1
Mu
x
,
with
a
d
ela
y
o
f
5
.
8
7
1
n
s
.
T
h
e
SP
AR
T
AN
-
3
E
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
h
as
a
h
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I
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C
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M
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So
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Va
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Va
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Fo
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Fo
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a
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I
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R
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R
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so
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D
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D
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C
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O
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W
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i
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r
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f
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E
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R
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&
E
d
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Vi
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Vi
su
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Su
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Su
p
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r
v
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P
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P
r
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j
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mi
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Fu
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Fu
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q
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