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I
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-
8
7
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SB
co
n
v
er
te
r
s
witch
es
to
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
v
e
h
icle
m
o
d
e.
I
n
th
is
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
th
e
m
o
to
r
r
ec
eiv
es
elec
tr
icity
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
lar
P
V
an
d
S2
r
eg
u
lates
th
e
v
eh
icle'
s
s
p
ee
d
.
W
h
en
s
o
l
ar
r
ad
iatio
n
is
n
'
t
av
ailab
le,
th
e
b
atter
y
s
o
u
r
ce
V2
,
wh
ich
s
tan
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
b
atter
y
-
p
o
wer
ed
v
eh
icle
m
o
d
e,
p
r
o
v
id
es
p
o
wer
to
th
e
m
o
to
r
.
W
h
en
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
ac
tiv
ity
o
r
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
d
ay
,
p
a
r
k
in
g
,
th
e
B
ased
o
n
th
e
b
atter
y
'
s
s
tate
o
f
ch
ar
g
e
(
SOC
)
,
th
e
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
i
n
two
m
o
d
es
:
wh
en
SOC
is
less
th
an
8
0
%,
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
c
h
ar
g
es
th
e
b
atter
y
;
o
th
er
wis
e,
s
o
l
ar
p
o
wer
p
r
o
v
id
es
p
o
wer
to
an
ex
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
.
Par
k
in
g
m
o
d
e
at
n
ig
h
t
is
th
e
m
o
d
e
in
wh
ich
th
e
b
atter
y
is
ch
ar
g
ed
b
y
th
e
ex
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
c
e
(
Vex
t)
wh
en
th
e
v
eh
icle
is
p
ar
k
e
d
.
W
h
en
th
e
v
eh
icle
is
in
th
e
r
eg
e
n
er
ativ
e
b
r
ak
in
g
m
o
d
e
,
its
in
er
tial p
o
wer
is
eith
er
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
th
e
b
atter
y
(
if
th
e
s
tate
o
f
c
h
ar
g
e
is
less
th
an
8
0
%)
o
r
d
is
s
ip
ated
as h
ea
t v
ia
a
b
r
ak
in
g
r
e
s
is
to
r
(
R
b
r
ak
e)
.
I
n
s
u
p
er
b
o
o
s
t
m
o
d
e
,
th
e
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
o
p
er
ates
with
s
p
ec
if
ic
tim
e
in
ter
v
als
an
d
s
wi
tch
in
g
p
atter
n
s
.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
an
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
i
n
s
u
p
er
b
o
o
s
t
m
o
d
e
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
'
s
v
o
ltag
e
-
tim
e
b
alan
cin
g
p
r
in
cip
le
t
o
co
m
p
u
te
t
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e.
A
u
n
if
ied
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
(
Vp
.
u
)
is
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
to
en
ab
le
ad
d
itio
n
al
in
v
es
tig
atio
n
,
wh
ich
r
ev
ea
ls
a
wid
e
ad
ju
s
tab
le
r
a
n
g
e
i
n
th
e
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
cir
c
u
its
f
o
r
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
es
s
h
o
wn
in
Simu
lin
k
m
o
d
el
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
u
ch
as
th
e
v
eh
icle
m
o
d
e
p
o
wer
ed
b
y
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
,
th
e
v
eh
ic
le
m
o
d
e
p
o
wer
ed
b
y
b
atter
ies,
an
d
th
e
p
ar
k
in
g
m
o
d
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
ay
a
r
e
s
h
o
wn
.
E
x
p
lan
atio
n
s
o
f
th
e
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
an
d
r
elea
s
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
ar
e
in
clu
d
e
d
with
ea
ch
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
in
d
u
ct
o
r
g
ath
er
s
en
e
r
g
y
f
r
o
m
a
n
ex
t
er
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
r
elea
s
es
it
to
ch
ar
g
e
th
e
b
atter
y
wh
en
o
p
er
atin
g
in
b
u
ck
m
o
d
e
(
m
o
d
e
I
V)
.
W
h
en
in
r
e
g
en
er
a
tiv
e
m
o
d
e
(
V)
,
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
in
er
tia
is
s
en
t
to
war
d
s
th
e
b
r
ak
e
r
esis
to
r
u
n
til
th
e
s
p
ee
d
r
ea
ch
es
ze
r
o
.
is
ac
h
iev
e
d
.
Su
p
e
r
b
o
o
s
t
m
o
d
e
(
m
o
d
e
VI
)
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
s
to
r
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
f
r
o
m
b
o
t
h
V1
an
d
V2
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
r
ele
asin
g
it
to
th
e
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
f
ac
ilit
ates
f
lex
ib
le
an
d
e
f
f
icie
n
t
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
i
o
u
s
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
es,
en
h
an
cin
g
its
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
d
i
v
er
s
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
Simu
lin
k
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
o
la
r
an
d
b
atter
y
in
p
u
t
s
u
p
e
r
b
o
o
s
t D
C
–
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
ed
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icle
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Simu
lin
k
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
o
lar
an
d
b
atter
y
in
p
u
t
s
u
p
e
r
b
o
o
s
t
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icle
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
5
:
4
79
-
48
7
482
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Fig
u
r
e
4
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
s
o
lar
m
o
d
e.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
th
e
v
eh
ic
le’
s
s
tate
o
f
ch
ar
g
e
(
SOC
)
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
8
0
%.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
will
ab
s
o
r
b
s
u
n
lig
h
t
an
d
g
en
e
r
ates
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
te
r
u
tili
ze
s
g
en
er
ated
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
(
f
r
o
m
s
o
lar
PV)
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
elec
tr
icity
to
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
.
I
n
t
h
is
m
o
d
e
b
atter
y
is
n
o
t
u
tili
ze
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
b
atter
y
m
o
d
e
.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
th
e
v
e
h
icle’
s
s
tate
o
f
ch
ar
g
e
(
SOC
)
is
8
0
%
o
r
b
elo
w.
T
h
e
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
te
r
is
b
atter
y
-
p
o
wer
e
d
.
T
h
e
m
o
to
r
is
p
o
wer
ed
b
y
th
e
b
atter
y
,
e
n
s
u
r
in
g
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
v
eh
icle
o
p
er
atio
n
e
v
en
wh
en
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
is
n
o
t
s
u
f
f
icien
t.
Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
ar
k
in
g
m
o
d
e
at
d
ay
tim
e.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
will
h
ar
n
ess
s
u
n
lig
h
t
an
d
g
en
e
r
ate
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
to
c
h
ar
g
e
t
h
e
v
e
h
icle’
s
b
atter
y
wh
en
s
tate
o
f
ch
ar
g
e
is
less
th
an
8
0
%.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Veh
icle
m
o
d
e
p
o
wer
ed
b
y
s
o
lar
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Veh
icle
m
o
d
e
p
o
wer
ed
b
y
b
atter
ies
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
ar
k
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
at
n
ig
h
t
-
tim
e.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
is
ab
s
en
t
an
d
th
e
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
ch
ar
g
es
th
e
b
atter
y
u
s
in
g
an
ex
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
(
Vex
t)
wh
ile
s
tate
o
f
c
h
ar
g
e
is
less
th
an
8
0
%.
T
h
is
en
s
u
r
es
th
at
th
e
v
eh
icle'
s
b
atte
r
y
is
r
ep
len
is
h
ed
f
o
r
th
e
n
e
x
t
d
ay
'
s
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
Simu
lin
k
o
u
tp
u
t
is
s
h
o
wn
in
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I
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wer
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o
la
r
a
n
d
b
a
tter
y
in
p
u
t su
p
er
b
o
o
s
t D
C
–
DC
co
n
ve
r
ter fo
r
s
o
la
r
p
o
w
ered
elec
tr
ic
ve
h
icle
(
A
erp
u
la
Ya
d
a
g
ir
i
)
483
T
ab
le
1
wh
ich
s
h
o
ws
th
e
v
alu
e
s
o
f
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
es
V1
an
d
V
2
,
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
es
,
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
b
at
ter
y
SOC
co
n
d
itio
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
o
lar
m
o
d
e,
b
atter
y
m
o
d
e,
d
u
r
in
g
d
ay
-
tim
e
p
ar
k
in
g
m
o
d
e
,
an
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
n
i
g
h
t
-
tim
e
p
ar
k
in
g
m
o
d
e.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Par
k
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
a
y
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Par
k
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
n
ig
h
t
T
ab
le
1
.
Simu
lin
k
o
u
tp
u
t
M
o
d
e
s
V1
V2
O
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
S
p
e
e
d
B
a
t
t
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r
y
S
O
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c
o
n
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i
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o
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d
e
1
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8
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1
.
1
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5
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a
n
t
B
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0
7
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5
3
8
9
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8
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D
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a
r
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SS
N
:
2
2
5
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8
7
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p
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,
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l.
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u
n
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-
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7
484
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
s
o
lar
an
d
b
atter
y
in
p
u
t
s
u
p
er
b
o
o
s
t
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
o
lu
tio
n
is
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
f
o
r
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icles
th
at
r
u
n
o
n
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
DI
SB
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tan
d
s
as
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
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[
8
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M
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m,
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l,
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a
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o
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.
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ti
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n
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re
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ield
s,
Va
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ra
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.
–
5
2
2
3
0
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.
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d
B.
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fro
m
JN
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ra
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0
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5
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He
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c
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d
M
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Tec
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fr
o
m
JN
TU,
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k
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d
a
in
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.
in
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fiel
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h
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s p
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is
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ife
m
e
m
b
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In
d
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tere
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lu
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m
a
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lea
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m
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d
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n
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VLS
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.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
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tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
sy
e
d
in
t
h
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y
a
z
@k
lu
n
iv
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rsit
y
.
in
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2252
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8
7
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tr
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(
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d
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n
g
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n
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h
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in
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l
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c
a
n
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tac
ted
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ra
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n
a
b
v
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@g
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o
m
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li
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tri
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ro
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to
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h
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n
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ts.
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re
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s
in
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r
VLS
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a
n
d
m
a
c
h
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e
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rn
in
g
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
c
h
e
e
li
k
u
m
a
r@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.