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Appl
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J
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)
Vo
l.
14
,
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.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
,
p
p
.
373
~
3
8
1
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
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1
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.
v
14
.
i
2
.
pp
373
-
381
373
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4
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2
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4
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a
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p
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p
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a
m
e
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o
d
fo
r
in
su
lati
o
n
d
iag
n
o
sis
u
sin
g
th
e
ti
m
e
-
v
a
ry
in
g
m
o
d
e
l.
T
h
e
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
o
f
t
h
e
sta
ted
m
o
d
e
l
a
re
u
n
i
q
u
e
a
n
d
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a
n
b
e
re
c
o
g
n
ize
d
b
y
th
e
p
o
lariz
a
ti
o
n
c
u
rre
n
t.
S
e
v
e
ra
l
m
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
ies
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
re
p
o
rted
f
o
r
in
s
u
latio
n
d
iag
n
o
sis
u
sin
g
v
a
rio
u
s
in
s
u
latio
n
m
o
d
e
ls.
Ho
we
v
e
r,
m
o
istu
re
i
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
wit
h
o
u
t
c
o
n
sid
e
ri
n
g
th
e
e
ffe
c
t
o
f
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
is
b
o
u
n
d
t
o
p
ro
v
id
e
i
n
a
c
c
u
ra
te
re
su
lt
.
Tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
si
g
n
ifi
c
a
n
tl
y
a
ffe
c
ts
th
e
d
iele
c
tri
c
re
sp
o
n
se
o
f
m
a
teria
ls.
As
th
e
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
rise
s,
v
a
rio
u
s
imp
o
rtan
t
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
tak
e
p
lac
e
.
In
c
re
a
se
d
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
s
c
a
n
b
o
o
st
m
o
lec
u
lar
m
o
b
il
it
y
,
re
su
lt
i
n
g
i
n
h
i
g
h
e
r
p
o
la
riza
ti
o
n
,
wh
ic
h
in
t
u
rn
a
ffe
c
ts
th
e
m
a
teria
l'
s
d
iele
c
tri
c
c
o
n
sta
n
t
a
n
d
lo
ss
.
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d
i
ti
o
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ll
y
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h
i
g
h
e
r
tem
p
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ra
tu
re
s
t
y
p
i
c
a
ll
y
ra
ise
c
o
n
d
u
c
ti
v
i
ty
d
u
e
to
imp
r
o
v
e
d
c
h
a
rg
e
c
a
rrier
m
o
b
il
it
y
,
f
u
rth
e
r
in
flu
e
n
c
in
g
t
h
e
d
iele
c
tri
c
re
sp
o
n
se
.
He
n
c
e
,
t
h
e
e
ffe
c
t
o
f
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
o
n
in
su
lati
o
n
d
ia
g
n
o
sis
is
d
isc
u
ss
e
d
in
t
h
is
p
a
p
e
r
so
th
a
t
re
sp
o
n
se
s
re
c
o
rd
e
d
a
t
d
iffere
n
t
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
s
c
a
n
b
e
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
ly
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
.
Th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
d
e
term
in
in
g
in
s
u
latio
n
sta
te
is
tes
ted
u
sin
g
d
a
ta
fro
m
re
a
l
-
li
fe
p
o
we
r
tran
sf
o
rm
e
rs.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Ag
in
g
I
n
s
u
latio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
I
n
s
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
Oil
-
p
ap
er
in
s
u
latio
n
Po
wer
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Sach
in
Yash
awa
n
t Say
ais
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Me
d
i
-
ca
p
s
Un
iv
er
s
ity
AB
R
o
ad
Pig
d
am
b
er
,
R
au
,
I
n
d
o
r
e,
Ma
d
h
y
a
Pra
d
esh
4
5
3
3
3
1
,
I
n
d
ia
E
m
ail:
s
ac
h
in
s
ay
ais@
g
m
ail.
c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
s
u
latio
n
m
o
d
els
h
av
e
b
ee
n
cr
u
cial
in
ad
v
a
n
cin
g
v
ar
io
u
s
n
o
n
-
in
v
asiv
e
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
tech
n
iq
u
es
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
.
R
ec
en
t
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
ts
s
h
o
w
th
at
RC
-
b
ased
in
s
u
latio
n
m
o
d
els
ar
e
ess
en
tial
f
o
r
an
aly
zi
n
g
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
e
f
f
ec
t
[
4
]
-
[
6
]
,
n
o
n
-
u
n
if
o
r
m
a
g
in
g
[
7
]
,
an
d
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
co
p
p
er
-
s
u
lp
h
id
e
[
8
]
.
Simp
le
m
o
d
els
lik
e
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
D
eb
y
e
m
o
d
el
(
C
DM
)
n
ee
d
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
s
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
y
ca
n
r
ep
r
esen
t
in
-
s
itu
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
in
s
u
latio
n
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
p
r
a
ctica
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
He
n
ce
,
a
f
ew
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
s
wer
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wh
ic
h
r
esu
lted
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
if
ie
d
Deb
y
e
m
o
d
el
(
MD
M)
an
d
th
e
m
o
d
if
ie
d
M
ax
well
m
o
d
el
(
MM
M)
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
ese
m
o
d
els ar
e
es
s
en
tially
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
b
ase
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
C
D
M.
C
DM
ass
u
m
es
th
at
th
e
in
s
u
latio
n
co
m
p
r
is
es
a
f
in
ite
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
ip
o
le
g
r
o
u
p
s
[
9
]
,
wh
o
s
e
d
is
tin
ct
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ate
d
b
y
s
er
ies
R
C
b
r
an
ch
es
f
o
r
a
p
r
ac
tical
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
th
e
in
s
u
lati
o
n
r
esp
o
n
s
e
at
a
g
iv
en
tim
e
in
s
tan
t
is
in
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
s
ev
er
al
d
ip
o
le
g
r
o
u
p
s
,
wh
o
s
e
n
u
m
b
er
an
d
p
r
o
p
er
ties
v
ar
y
with
th
e
u
n
it'
s
o
p
er
atin
g
ag
e
.
As
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
ip
o
le
g
r
o
u
p
s
to
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
d
u
r
in
g
C
DM
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
s
is
n
o
t
f
ix
ed
,
th
e
o
v
er
all
co
u
n
t
o
f
b
r
an
ch
es
in
a
C
DM
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
u
n
it is
n
o
t
f
ix
ed
[
3
]
.
No
n
-
u
n
i
q
u
e
b
r
an
ch
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
C
DM
(
an
d
o
th
er
m
o
d
if
ied
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
C
DM
)
af
f
ec
t
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
all
av
ailab
le
in
s
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
-
b
ased
d
iag
n
o
s
is
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
it
is
o
n
ly
lo
g
ical
to
h
av
e
an
i
n
s
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
t
h
at
an
al
y
s
es
in
s
u
latio
n
r
esp
o
n
s
e
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
co
llectiv
e
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
all
d
ip
o
le
g
r
o
u
p
s
r
ath
er
th
an
co
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ce
n
tr
atin
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o
n
a
f
ew
d
is
tin
ct
d
ip
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le
g
r
o
u
p
s
.
Su
ch
a
m
o
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el,
b
y
d
ef
in
itio
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,
will
b
e
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n
iq
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f
o
r
a
g
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tr
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s
f
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m
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will
b
e
b
etter
s
u
ited
f
o
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d
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elo
p
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r
eliab
le
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
37
3
-
38
1
374
d
iag
n
o
s
is
tech
n
iq
u
es.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
tim
e
-
v
ar
y
in
g
m
o
d
el
(
T
VM
)
(
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
)
,
was
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
[
1
1
]
.
Usi
n
g
th
is
m
o
d
el,
y
o
u
ca
n
esti
m
ate
d
if
f
er
en
t c
o
n
d
itio
n
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
o
il
-
p
a
p
er
in
s
u
latio
n
[
1
1
]
.
Oil
m
o
is
tu
r
e
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
i
n
p
p
m
.
I
t
is
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elativ
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s
y
to
ass
ess
o
il
m
o
is
tu
r
e
th
r
o
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g
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as
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test
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g
as th
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t in
ev
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y
p
o
wer
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
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er
to
c
o
llect
o
il sam
p
le.
T
h
e
aim
o
f
th
is
cu
r
r
en
t w
o
r
k
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m
ate
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tag
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o
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m
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e
(
%p
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p
r
esen
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p
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i
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s
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latio
n
.
Gettin
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in
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o
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m
atio
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a
b
o
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t
p
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in
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u
latio
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a
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R
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ies
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if
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d
o
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ies
f
o
r
co
n
d
itio
n
m
o
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ito
r
in
g
[
1
2
]
-
[
1
6
]
.
B
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e
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l
.
[
1
1
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h
av
e
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ep
o
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ch
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u
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m
ater
ials
.
T
h
e
m
eth
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d
d
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i
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[
1
1
]
ca
n
e
v
alu
ate
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s
tate
o
f
o
il
-
p
ap
e
r
in
s
u
latio
n
wh
en
p
o
lar
izatio
n
c
u
r
r
en
t
d
ata
i
s
o
b
tain
ed
at
3
0
°C
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
it
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
o
f
a
p
ar
ti
cu
lar
m
eth
o
d
d
o
es
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
to
b
e
lim
ited
b
y
s
u
ch
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
An
y
in
s
u
latio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
th
at
d
o
es n
o
t i
n
clu
d
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
d
ata
is
m
ea
n
in
g
less
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
ap
er
also
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
T
VM
-
b
ased
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
ev
alu
ati
n
g
ag
in
g
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
m
o
is
tu
r
e
wh
ile
ta
k
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
co
m
p
r
is
es
b
o
th
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
as
well
as
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
o
m
ai
n
in
s
u
latio
n
s
en
s
itiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
to
ass
es
s
th
e
s
tate
o
f
o
il
-
p
ap
er
in
s
u
latio
n
.
Usi
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
co
n
d
itio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
o
il
-
p
a
p
er
in
s
u
latio
n
ca
n
b
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
b
y
an
aly
zin
g
t
h
e
p
o
lar
izatio
n
c
u
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
(
,
)
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
at
a
n
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
(
T
)
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
co
m
p
ar
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
p
ar
am
eter
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
(
,
)
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
is
ch
allen
g
in
g
,
as
th
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
v
esti
g
atin
g
h
o
w
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
im
p
ac
ts
T
VM
p
ar
am
eter
s
is
cr
u
cial.
T
h
i
s
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
to
ac
c
o
u
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
o
n
T
V
M
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
ea
s
ier
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
two
(
,
)
p
r
o
f
iles
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
es.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
wo
r
k
u
s
es
(
,
)
o
f
elev
en
in
-
s
er
v
ice
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
as sh
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1.
Stru
ctu
r
e
o
f
T
VM
T
ab
le
1
.
Deta
ils
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
Tr
a
n
sf
o
r
mer
n
a
m
e
Tr
a
n
sf
o
r
mer
p
o
w
e
r
r
a
t
i
n
g
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
g
e
(
y
e
a
r
s)
Tr
a
f
o
-
1
2
0
0
M
V
A
/
2
1
k
V
14
Tr
a
f
o
-
2
2
7
0
M
V
A
/
1
5
.
7
5
k
V
11
Tr
a
f
o
-
3
2
7
0
M
V
A
/
2
2
0
k
V
28
Tr
a
f
o
-
4
1
2
5
M
V
A
/
2
2
0
K
V
26
Tr
a
f
o
-
5
2
5
0
M
V
A
/
4
2
0
k
V
19
Tr
a
f
o
-
6
2
5
0
M
V
A
/
2
2
k
V
17
Tr
a
f
o
-
7
2
0
0
M
V
A
/
2
1
k
V
26
Tr
a
f
o
-
8
2
2
0
M
V
A
/
2
2
k
V
12
Tr
a
f
o
-
9
2
0
0
M
V
A
/
4
2
0
k
V
15
Tr
a
f
o
-
10
2
7
0
M
V
A
/
2
1
k
V
17
Tr
a
f
o
-
11
2
0
0
M
V
A
/
1
5
.
7
5
k
V
21
Po
lar
izatio
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t
is
a
lo
w
-
am
p
litu
d
e,
s
tead
ily
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
s
ig
n
al,
with
its
m
ag
n
itu
d
e
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
th
e
in
s
u
latio
n
.
T
o
m
in
im
ize
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
f
ield
n
o
is
e
an
d
ca
p
t
u
r
e
a
r
esp
o
n
s
e
with
ad
eq
u
ate
m
ag
n
itu
d
e,
th
e
ch
a
r
g
in
g
v
o
l
tag
e
(
Vd
c)
ap
p
lied
d
u
r
in
g
P
DC
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
ax
im
ized
.
I
t
is
m
en
tio
n
ed
in
[
4
]
th
at
th
e
ef
f
e
ct
o
f
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
ity
in
in
s
u
latio
n
r
esp
o
n
s
e
in
cr
ea
s
es
if
V
dc
ex
ce
ed
s
1
0
0
0
V.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
it
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
p
r
ac
tice
f
o
r
u
tili
ties
to
estab
lis
h
Vd
c
at
1
0
0
0
V.
T
h
e
s
am
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
f
o
llo
we
d
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
th
e
elev
en
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
i
n
th
is
p
ap
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
p
o
lar
izatio
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t
p
r
o
f
iles
f
o
r
s
ev
er
al
test
ed
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
lab
eled
tr
a
f
o
-
1
to
tr
a
f
o
-
8.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
in
s
u
latio
n
d
i
ag
n
o
s
is
h
as
b
ee
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
in
s
u
latio
n
.
Data
o
n
p
o
lar
izatio
n
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
o
v
er
a
s
p
an
o
f
1
0
,
0
0
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
is
u
s
u
ally
em
p
lo
y
ed
t
o
ass
es
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
ar
am
eter
s
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
u
tili
ties
ten
d
to
f
av
o
r
in
s
u
latio
n
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
th
at
n
ec
ess
itate
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
d
ata
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
d
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
v
o
lu
m
e
o
f
d
at
a
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
c
o
n
d
itio
n
o
f
i
n
s
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
[
1
7
]
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
th
e
p
o
lar
izatio
n
cu
r
r
en
t c
a
n
b
e
d
et
er
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
o
n
l
y
6
0
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
o
f
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
p
o
lar
izatio
n
cu
r
r
en
t d
ata.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
E
ffective
a
s
s
es
s
men
t o
f p
o
w
er tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer in
s
u
la
tio
n
u
s
in
g
time
-
va
r
yin
g
… (
S
a
ch
in
Ya
s
h
a
w
a
n
t S
a
ya
is
)
375
I
n
th
is
ex
am
in
atio
n
,
th
e
in
itial
6
0
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
o
f
d
ata
f
r
o
m
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
u
n
its
ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
to
f
o
r
ec
ast
th
e
co
m
p
lete
p
o
lar
izatio
n
c
u
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
a
g
i
n
g
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
o
f
o
il
-
p
ap
er
in
s
u
latio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
d
eter
m
in
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
e
d
icted
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
is
p
a
p
er
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
eth
o
d
o
f
f
er
s
en
h
an
ce
d
in
s
ig
h
t in
to
th
e
s
tate
o
f
o
il
-
p
ap
e
r
in
s
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
tim
e
-
v
ar
y
i
n
g
m
o
d
el
(
T
VM
)
b
ased
in
s
u
l
atio
n
d
iag
n
o
s
is
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
th
em
e
is
to
e
n
h
an
ce
th
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
in
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
s
tate
o
f
in
s
u
latio
n
m
ad
e
f
r
o
m
o
il
a
n
d
p
ap
er
in
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
cu
s
o
n
in
teg
r
atin
g
b
o
th
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
-
d
o
m
ain
a
n
d
tim
e
-
d
o
m
ain
in
s
u
latio
n
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
m
o
r
e
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ex
a
m
in
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
g
o
als o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
in
clu
d
e:
˗
Utilizin
g
T
VM
to
p
r
ed
ict
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
ar
am
eter
s
lik
e
m
o
is
tu
r
e,
r
eg
ar
d
less
o
f
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
p
o
lar
izatio
n
cu
r
r
en
t.
˗
Ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
f
T
VM
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
PDC
d
ata
n
o
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
at
3
0
°C
.
˗
R
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
ass
ess
m
en
t
tim
e
o
f
in
s
u
latio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
wh
en
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
tr
ad
itio
n
al
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Me
asu
r
e
d
p
o
la
r
izatio
n
cu
r
r
en
t f
o
r
tr
af
o
-
1
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
tr
af
o
-
8
2.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Co
nd
it
io
n a
s
s
ess
m
ent
us
ing
T
V
M
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
R
(
t
)
o
f
T
VM
is
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
d
ep
icted
in
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
[
1
1
]
,
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
R
(
t)
is
f
itted
with
an
eq
u
atio
n
o
f
th
e
f
o
r
m
g
iv
e
n
in
(
1
)
.
(
)
=
0
+
(
×
)
(
+
)
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
0
an
d
ar
e
e
q
u
atio
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
th
at
ar
e
e
v
alu
ated
u
tili
zin
g
a
least
s
q
u
ar
es
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r
v
e
f
itti
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
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I
n
(
1
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,
co
ef
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icien
ts
0
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,
an
d
h
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e
u
n
its
o
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o
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m
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h
m
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d
s
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t
m
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s
tar
ts
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ter
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o
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o
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V
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ap
p
licatio
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o
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ien
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0
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th
e
tr
a
n
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ien
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ad
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s
e
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o
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l
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o
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o
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in
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T
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h
e
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o
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le
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DAX
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ased
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h
e
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h
y
s
i
ca
l
d
im
en
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io
n
s
o
f
i
n
s
u
latio
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r
e
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p
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te
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e
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
o
r
ea
ch
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
.
T
h
e
co
ef
f
icien
ts
o
f
(
1
)
ar
e
t
ested
f
o
r
in
s
u
latio
n
d
iag
n
o
s
is
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o
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is
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it
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tial
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tify
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e
co
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t→∞
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dc
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×
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2
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2
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Vo
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14
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No
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2
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J
u
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20
25
:
37
3
-
38
1
376
As
0
in
f
lu
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th
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in
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R
(
t→0
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ican
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u
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at
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ag
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th
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T
h
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v
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in
(
1
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ap
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y
th
e
c
o
n
s
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ten
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e
cr
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g
p
atter
n
o
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th
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p
o
lar
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za
tio
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r
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Pre
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icate
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at
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o
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in
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b
y
-
p
r
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d
u
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e
p
r
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d
u
ce
d
[
1
8
]
.
I
t
is
a
k
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o
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ac
t
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at
th
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co
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u
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lu
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T
ab
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2
.
Mo
is
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m
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a
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(
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M
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Tr
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1
6
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7
1
3
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I
n
liter
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r
e
[
1
1
]
,
o
n
ly
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
b
was
u
s
ed
to
esti
m
ate
m
o
is
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p
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Ho
wev
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ased
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C
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(
3
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.
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d
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d
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m
ated
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m
alize
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r
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n
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s
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T
ab
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3
.
T
h
e
n
o
r
m
a
lized
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r
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r
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lcu
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s
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(
4
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.
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ased
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th
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tili
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ce
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en
ce
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m
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m
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in
(
4
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s
h
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wn
in
T
a
b
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3
.
_
=
|
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|
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t
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e
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v
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f
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m
T
a
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3
th
at
(
3
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ate
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.
Ho
wev
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it
s
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m
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e
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h
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at
(
3
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o
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l
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ap
p
licab
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f
o
r
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s
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at
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1
C.
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h
e
m
o
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lev
el
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m
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s
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ilib
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en
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r
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tical
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ity
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r
in
s
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ce
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at
20
°C
,
a
m
in
u
s
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le
e
r
r
o
r
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f
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p
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n
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ter
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tially
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g
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5
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[
1
9
]
.
W
h
en
th
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ac
tu
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m
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th
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m
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e
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tu
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Z
ae
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g
l
[
2
0
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n
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h
at
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d
[
2
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lu
en
ce
d
n
o
t
o
n
ly
b
y
m
o
is
tu
r
e
b
u
t
also
b
y
c
o
n
d
u
ctiv
e
ag
in
g
b
y
-
p
r
o
d
u
cts
with
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
m
o
is
tu
r
e
im
p
a
cts
th
e
en
tire
lo
w
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
r
an
g
e
o
f
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
d
o
m
ain
s
p
ec
tr
o
s
co
p
y
(
FDS)
d
ata
[
1
9
]
.
B
y
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
en
ti
r
e
FDS
d
ataset
an
d
co
m
p
ar
in
g
it
to
an
in
ter
n
al
d
atab
ase
o
f
r
esp
o
n
s
es
ass
o
ciate
d
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
p
ac
er
/
b
ar
r
i
er
r
atio
s
,
I
DAX
3
0
0
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
m
o
r
e
r
eliab
le
m
o
is
tu
r
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
th
an
tr
ad
itio
n
al
eq
u
ilib
r
iu
m
cu
r
v
e
m
eth
o
d
s
,
esp
ec
ially
wh
en
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
-
d
e
p
e
n
d
en
t
m
ater
ial
b
e
h
av
io
r
s
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
I
DAX
-
p
r
ed
icted
m
o
is
tu
r
e
is
u
s
ed
as
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
v
alu
e
in
t
h
is
wo
r
k
.
Ho
wev
er
,
it'
s
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
r
em
em
b
er
th
at
I
DAX
3
0
0
r
esu
lts
ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
s
o
lely
f
o
r
th
e
i
d
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
co
e
f
f
icien
ts
.
Fo
r
an
u
n
k
n
o
wn
u
n
it,
T
r
af
o
test
,
(
3
)
an
d
c
o
ef
f
icien
t
b
(
id
e
n
tif
ied
f
r
o
m
PDC
o
f
T
r
af
o
test
)
an
d
tan
δ
ar
e
to
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
p
r
ed
ictio
n
o
f
m
o
is
tu
r
e
p
r
esen
t
in
T
r
af
o
test
.
R
ec
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
ts
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
th
at
MD
M
is
b
etter
s
u
ited
f
o
r
m
o
d
elin
g
th
e
in
s
u
latio
n
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
[
1
0
]
.
Un
lik
e
t
h
e
XY
m
o
d
el
[
2
2
]
,
MD
M
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
d
o
es
n
o
t
n
ee
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
b
o
u
t
s
p
ac
e
r
s
(
X)
a
n
d
b
ar
r
ier
s
(
Y)
p
r
ese
n
t
in
t
h
e
in
s
u
latio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
E
ffective
a
s
s
es
s
men
t o
f p
o
w
er tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer in
s
u
la
tio
n
u
s
in
g
time
-
va
r
yin
g
… (
S
a
ch
in
Ya
s
h
a
w
a
n
t S
a
ya
is
)
377
T
h
o
u
g
h
o
il
co
n
d
u
ctiv
ity
[
2
2
]
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
XY
m
o
d
el,
p
r
o
v
id
ed
X
an
d
Y
ar
e
k
n
o
wn
,
it
is
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
p
r
e
d
ict
m
o
is
tu
r
e
u
s
in
g
o
n
ly
X
an
d
Y.
O
n
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
it
is
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
[
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
th
at
m
o
is
tu
r
e
ca
n
b
e
p
r
ed
icted
u
s
in
g
th
e
t
r
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
T
F)
o
f
M
DM
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
[
2
]
an
d
[
2
3
]
is
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
u
p
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
r
an
c
h
es
(
N)
p
r
esen
t
in
M
DM
.
I
n
r
ec
en
t
tim
es,
T
VM
p
ar
am
eter
s
h
av
e
also
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
in
s
u
latio
n
d
iag
n
o
s
is
[
1
1
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
t
h
e
ef
f
e
ct
o
f
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
n
th
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
n
o
t
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
An
y
in
s
u
latio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
with
o
u
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
ir
r
elev
an
t.
A
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
is
s
h
o
wn
later
in
th
is
ar
ticle.
I
t
is
wo
r
th
m
en
tio
n
in
g
h
e
r
e
th
at
th
e
d
ata
o
f
s
u
ch
test
u
n
it (
tr
af
o
-
9
to
tr
af
o
-
1
1
)
is
n
o
t
u
s
ed
to
(
3
)
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
en
tio
n
ed
h
er
e
t
h
at
(
3
)
is
ap
p
licab
le
f
o
r
PDC
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
at
3
0
C
1
C
.
T
h
o
u
g
h
in
th
e
p
r
esen
t
ca
s
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
all
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
was
ar
o
u
n
d
3
0
C
1
C
,
it
i
s
p
r
ac
tically
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
all
f
u
tu
r
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
will
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
3
0
C
1
C
.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
co
ef
f
icien
t
b
(
o
f
(
1
)
)
an
d
tan
δ
with
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
s
tu
d
ied
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
th
e
f
u
ll
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
(
3
)
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
s
u
ch
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
is
r
ep
o
r
te
d
in
th
e
n
ex
t sectio
n
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Me
asu
r
e
d
an
d
p
r
ed
ict
ed
v
alu
e
(
u
s
in
g
(
3
)
)
o
f
m
o
is
tu
r
e
an
d
n
_
er
Tr
a
f
o
.
M
o
i
st
u
r
e
(
mea
s
u
r
e
d
)
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
e
d
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
m
o
i
st
u
r
e
n
_
e
r
Tr
a
f
o
-
1
1
.
8
1
.
7
5
0
.
0
1
Tr
a
f
o
-
2
2
.
3
2
.
3
0
Tr
a
f
o
-
3
2
.
3
2
.
5
3
0
.
0
9
Tr
a
f
o
-
4
0
.
8
0
.
8
1
0
Tr
a
f
o
-
5
1
.
2
1
.
1
5
0
.
0
1
Tr
a
f
o
-
6
1
.
9
1
.
9
3
0
.
0
1
Tr
a
f
o
-
7
2
.
4
2
.
3
4
0
.
0
2
Tr
a
f
o
-
8
0
.
8
0
.
8
2
0
.
0
1
2
.
2
.
Va
ria
t
io
n
o
f
b a
nd
dis
s
ipa
t
io
n f
a
ct
o
r
wit
h t
e
m
pera
t
ure
2
.
2
.
1
.
I
dentif
y
ing
t
he
v
a
lue o
f
b a
t
3
0
°C
Me
asu
r
in
g
p
o
lar
izatio
n
c
u
r
r
e
n
t,
i
pol
(
t,
T
=
3
0
C
)
f
r
o
m
all
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
is
n
o
t
alwa
y
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le.
Ho
wev
er
,
i
pol
(
t,
T
=3
0
°C
)
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
in
s
u
lat
io
n
s
y
s
tem
'
s
ac
tiv
atio
n
en
er
g
y
(
E
a
)
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
E
a
f
o
r
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
d
ep
icte
d
in
[
5
]
.
I
t
is
r
e
p
o
r
ted
th
at
e
n
er
g
y
-
d
is
s
ip
atin
g
elem
en
ts
(R
i
;
i=0
,
1
,
2
,
…
N)
o
f
C
DM
ar
e
s
en
s
i
tiv
e
to
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e,
wh
ile
en
er
g
y
-
s
to
r
in
g
elem
en
ts
(
C
i
,
i=0
,
1
,
2
,
.
.
.
N)
r
em
ain
r
elativ
ely
u
n
af
f
e
cted
b
y
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
v
ar
iatio
n
[
5
]
.
Du
tta
et
a
l.
[
5
]
r
ep
o
r
ted
t
h
at
(
5
)
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
m
o
d
elin
g
v
ar
iatio
n
i
n
C
DM
p
ar
am
eter
s
(
o
b
tai
n
ed
f
o
r
in
-
s
e
r
v
ice
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
)
d
u
e
to
c
h
an
g
es in
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t te
m
p
er
atu
r
e.
2
=
1
×
(
×
(
1
2
−
1
1
)
)
;
2
=
1
(
5
)
=
0
,
1
,
2
,
…
,
Her
e,
is
B
o
ltzm
an
n
c
o
n
s
tan
t
(
8
.
6
1
7
3
3
0
3
E
-
0
5
eV/K)
.
1
,
1
an
d
2
,
2
ar
e
th
e
C
DM
b
r
an
c
h
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
i
th
b
r
a
n
ch
at
t
em
p
er
atu
r
e
1
an
d
2
K.
Fo
r
an
y
test
u
n
it,
th
e
b
r
an
c
h
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
C
DM
ev
alu
ated
at
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
T
1
,
c
an
b
e
u
s
ed
t
o
id
en
tif
y
(
,
2
)
u
s
in
g
(
5
)
an
d
(
6
)
.
(
,
2
)
=
∑
2
×
(
2
×
2
×
)
+
0
2
=
1
(
6
)
T
h
e
(
6
)
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
c
o
llectiv
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
all
b
r
a
n
ch
es
p
r
esen
t
in
C
DM
an
d
,
h
en
ce
,
is
l
ess
p
r
o
n
e
to
er
r
o
r
as
f
ar
as
(
,
2
)
p
r
o
f
ile
is
co
n
ce
r
n
e
d
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
aid
th
at
i
pol
(
t,
T
=3
0
°C
)
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
p
o
lar
izatio
n
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
i
pol
(
t,
T
3
0
C
)
f
o
r
an
y
t
est
u
n
it.
No
w,
u
s
in
g
th
e
ca
lcu
lated
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
i
pol
(
t,
T
=3
0
°C
)
,
b
o
f
(
1
)
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
3
0
°C
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tai
n
ed
.
2
.
2
.
2
.
I
dentif
y
ing
t
he
v
a
lue o
f
t
he
dis
s
ipa
t
io
n f
a
ct
o
r
a
t
3
0
°C
I
t
is
also
k
n
o
wn
th
at
tan
δ
in
cr
ea
s
es
with
in
cr
em
en
ts
in
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
[
5
]
.
Un
f
o
r
tu
n
ately
,
tan
δ
at
a
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
th
er
th
a
n
3
0
°C
was
n
o
t
av
ailab
le
with
th
e
u
tili
ty
.
Ho
wev
er
,
(
3
)
is
ap
p
licab
le
o
n
l
y
at
3
0
°C
.
I
n
s
u
latio
n
r
esis
tan
ce
(
R
0
)
a
n
d
g
eo
m
etr
ic
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
(
C
0
)
a
r
e
g
eo
m
etr
y
-
d
ep
en
d
en
t
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
it
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
f
r
o
m
(
7
)
th
at
th
eir
p
r
o
d
u
ct,
k
n
o
wn
as
th
e
in
s
u
latio
n
p
o
le
[
2
4
]
,
is
le
s
s
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
in
s
u
latio
n
g
eo
m
etr
y
.
I
t
is
also
k
n
o
wn
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
f
ac
to
r
is
g
e
o
m
etr
y
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
p
ar
am
eter
.
I
n
s
u
latio
n
p
o
le
is
r
ep
o
r
ted
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
with
an
in
cr
em
en
t
in
ag
in
g
b
y
-
p
r
o
d
u
ct
[
2
4
]
an
d
h
e
n
ce
with
tan
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
ef
f
o
r
ts
ar
e
m
ad
e
to
co
r
r
elate
b
o
t
h
th
e
in
s
u
latio
n
g
eo
m
etr
y
-
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
37
3
-
38
1
378
0
=
;
0
=
=
1
(
0
×
0
)
=
1
×
}
(
7
)
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
[
5
]
,
r
ai
s
in
g
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t
tem
p
er
a
tu
r
e
ca
u
s
es
b
o
th
h
o
r
iz
o
n
tal
an
d
v
er
tical
s
h
if
ts
in
th
e
tan
δ
p
r
o
f
ile
r
elati
v
e
to
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
ax
is
.
An
in
cr
em
en
t
in
th
e
in
s
u
latio
n
p
o
l
e
(
g
iv
en
in
(
7
)
)
with
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
d
ev
iatio
n
,
T
(
=T
-
30
C
)
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
i
n
ter
p
r
eted
as
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
an
in
c
r
ea
s
e
in
tan
.
T
h
e
in
s
u
latio
n
p
o
le
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
T
is
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
(
5
)
a
n
d
(
7
)
.
T
ab
le
4
tab
u
lates th
e
in
s
u
la
tio
n
p
o
le
s
en
s
itiv
ity
to
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
r
ee
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
d
if
f
er
en
tials
(
0
°C
,
1
5
°C
,
an
d
2
6
°C
)
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
a
3
0
°C
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
o
in
t
.
T
a
b
le
4
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
in
s
u
l
atio
n
p
o
le'
s
v
alu
e
in
cr
ea
s
es
with
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
in
cr
ea
s
e.
I
t
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
r
ate
o
f
ch
an
g
e
o
f
i
n
s
u
latio
n
p
o
les
at
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
T
(
>3
0
C
)
is
ex
p
o
n
e
n
tial in
n
atu
r
e
(
s
h
o
wn
b
y
(
8
)
)
.
(
2
)
=
(
1
)
×
(
×
)
(
8
)
I
t is o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
is
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
co
r
r
elate
d
with
tan
δ (
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
at
3
0
°C
)
g
iv
e
n
in
(
9
)
.
%
=
0.0940
-
9.2244
×
+
119.7943
×
(
)
2
(
9
)
T
h
e
f
itted
cu
r
v
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
(
9
)
alo
n
g
with
d
ata
p
o
in
ts
(
,
)
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3.
T
ab
le
4
.
Var
iatio
n
o
f
in
s
u
latio
n
p
o
le
(
s
ca
led
b
y
1
0
3
)
a
n
d
b
with
T
Tr
a
f
o
N
a
me
Te
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
d
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
,
T
0
°
C
1
5
°
C
2
6
°
C
p
o
l
e
p
o
l
e
p
o
l
e
Tr
a
f
o
-
1
7
.
1
4
3
9
.
7
5
1
2
7
.
0
6
0
.
1
0
6
6
Tr
a
f
o
-
2
9
.
8
4
6
1
.
8
7
2
3
5
.
1
4
0
.
1
2
1
8
Tr
a
f
o
-
3
1
2
.
3
4
8
7
.
4
4
3
5
9
.
2
4
0
.
1
2
9
2
Tr
a
f
o
-
4
7
.
6
8
3
0
.
6
9
7
9
.
9
7
0
.
0
8
9
1
Tr
a
f
o
-
5
2
7
.
6
8
1
2
5
.
4
3
6
1
.
5
0
.
0
9
8
5
Tr
a
f
o
-
6
4
5
.
9
6
2
6
4
.
4
8
6
3
.
3
0
.
1
0
8
5
Tr
a
f
o
-
7
2
8
.
4
3
1
8
5
.
7
7
3
1
.
4
0
.
1
2
4
5
Tr
a
f
o
-
8
0
.
5
7
3
.
8
8
1
5
.
3
1
0
.
0
8
7
3
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Plo
t b
etwe
en
o
f
(
8
)
an
d
tan
δ
No
w,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
ap
p
ly
(
3
)
o
n
d
ata
i
pol
(
t,
T
3
0
°C
)
.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
in
f
o
u
r
s
tep
s
:
First,
(
1
)
is
u
s
ed
to
ev
alu
ate
C
DM
p
ar
am
eter
s
at
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
(
5
)
an
d
(
6
)
to
f
in
d
i
pol
(
t,
T
=3
0
°C
)
.
T
h
er
ea
f
ter
,
R
(
t)
an
d
b
ar
e
ev
al
u
ated
at
3
0
°C
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
(
co
m
p
u
ted
u
s
in
g
i
pol
(
t,
T
3
0
°C
)
an
d
i
pol
(
t,
T
=
3
0
°C
)
)
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
d
ily
u
s
ed
t
o
ev
alu
ate
tan
at
3
0
°C
u
s
in
g
(
9
)
.
Fin
ally
,
(
3
)
is
ap
p
lied
t
o
c
o
m
p
u
te
m
o
is
tu
r
e
a
t
3
0
°C
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
is
lim
ited
to
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
th
at
h
as
s
tab
ilized
th
er
m
ally
.
As
r
ep
o
r
ted
b
y
th
e
u
tili
ties
,
ea
c
h
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
ex
a
m
in
ed
in
t
h
is
wo
r
k
was
g
iv
en
s
u
f
f
icien
t
tim
e
to
co
o
l
b
e
f
o
r
e
PDC
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t.
A
g
o
o
d
c
o
r
r
elatio
n
b
etwe
en
m
o
is
tu
r
e
a
n
d
b
r
ei
n
f
o
r
ce
s
th
e
f
ac
t
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
PDC
d
ata
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
n
ea
r
th
er
m
al
eq
u
ilib
r
iu
m
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t
o
f
wh
o
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
g
iv
en
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
E
ffective
a
s
s
es
s
men
t o
f p
o
w
er tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer in
s
u
la
tio
n
u
s
in
g
time
-
va
r
yin
g
… (
S
a
ch
in
Ya
s
h
a
w
a
n
t S
a
ya
is
)
379
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Flo
wch
ar
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
T
F)
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
Deb
y
e
m
o
d
el
(
MD
M)
h
as
b
ee
n
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
p
r
ed
ict
m
o
is
tu
r
e,
as
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
is
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
r
an
ch
es
(
N)
in
th
e
MD
M,
w
h
ich
is
ch
allen
g
in
g
to
id
e
n
tify
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
T
VM
h
a
s
o
n
ly
2
b
r
an
c
h
es.
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
lim
it
th
e
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
m
eth
o
d
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
m
eth
o
d
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
esti
m
atin
g
m
o
is
tu
r
e
f
r
o
m
p
o
l
ar
izatio
n
cu
r
r
en
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
at
an
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
(
T
)
.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
[
2
5
]
,
th
e
d
ata
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tim
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
t
o
ass
ess
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
o
il
-
p
ap
er
in
s
u
latio
n
is
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
an
5
0
m
in
u
tes.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
elim
in
ates
a
ll
d
r
awb
ac
k
s
o
r
am
b
ig
u
ities
f
o
u
n
d
i
n
th
e
a
b
o
v
e
-
m
en
tio
n
ed
r
ep
o
r
ted
tec
h
n
iq
u
es.
T
ab
le
5
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
m
et
h
o
d
alo
n
g
s
id
e
o
th
er
r
ep
o
r
ted
tech
n
iq
u
es.
R
esu
lts
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
5
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
p
r
esen
t
m
eth
o
d
wo
r
k
s
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
i
o
u
s
ly
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
o
th
er
m
eth
o
d
s
.
I
t
is
wo
r
th
m
en
tio
n
in
g
h
e
r
e
th
at
th
e
d
ata,
tab
u
lated
in
T
ab
le
5
,
is
n
o
t
u
s
ed
to
(
3
)
.
T
a
b
le
6
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
d
ata
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
tim
e
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
r
ep
o
r
te
d
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
is
s
h
o
wn
to
r
eq
u
ir
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
less
d
ata
to
d
iag
n
o
s
e
in
s
u
latio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
5
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
e
s
en
t m
eth
o
d
with
o
t
h
er
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
r
ep
o
r
te
d
tech
n
i
q
u
e
s
R
e
p
o
r
t
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
-
M
e
t
h
o
d
1
[
1
7
]
(
N
=
7
)
M
e
t
h
o
d
2
[
2
0
]
M
e
t
h
o
d
3
[
2
]
(
N
=
6
)
M
e
t
h
o
d
4
[
1
1
]
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
met
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
(
u
si
n
g
(
3
)
)
Tr
a
n
s
.
n
a
m
e
M
e
a
su
r
e
d
%p
m
Est
i
m
a
t
e
d
%e
r
r
o
r
Est
i
m
a
t
e
d
%e
r
r
o
r
Est
i
m
a
t
e
d
%e
r
r
o
r
Est
i
m
a
t
e
d
%p
m
%e
r
r
o
r
Est
i
m
a
t
e
d
%p
m
%e
r
r
o
r
Tr
a
f
o
-
9
1
.
5
1
.
1
4
24
1
.
2
0
2
0
.
0
0
1
.
3
1
1
2
.
6
6
1
.
3
2
1
2
.
0
1
.
4
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