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B
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Me
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Dep
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Fac
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Fib
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FB
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ac
ti
v
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ex
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ar
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b
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li
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m
all
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v
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ltag
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f
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s
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
T
h
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k
e
y
f
ac
to
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f
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p
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[
3
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[
4
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in
ter
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-
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[
5
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,
an
d
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as
k
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p
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[
6
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.
Mo
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als
[
7
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–
[
1
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,
b
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ater
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T
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T
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(
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1059
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r
eso
n
ato
r
lo
s
s
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
g
eo
m
e
tr
ic
d
if
f
r
ac
tio
n
lo
s
s
,
o
u
tp
u
t
m
ir
r
o
r
lo
s
s
,
s
ca
tter
in
g
lo
s
s
,
an
d
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
lo
s
s
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lo
s
s
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
o
f
th
e
ca
v
it
y
m
ir
r
o
r
,
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
w
it
h
C
R
D
s
p
ec
tr
o
s
c
o
p
y
,
w
h
ic
h
u
s
es
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
ca
v
it
y
m
ir
r
o
r
s
an
d
t
h
e
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
lo
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
ca
v
it
y
[
5
]
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
,
Go
n
g
et
a
l
[
1
1
]
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
h
ig
h
-
r
ef
lec
tan
ce
m
ir
r
o
r
s
u
s
i
n
g
C
R
D
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
ac
h
ie
v
ed
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
s
u
p
to
9
9
.
9
2
5
%.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
is
t
ak
es
to
o
m
u
c
h
ti
m
e
an
d
ca
u
s
es
m
i
s
ali
g
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
o
p
tical
ele
m
en
ts
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
f
ib
er
d
esi
g
n
ed
w
er
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
b
y
Mic
h
elso
n
an
d
Sa
g
n
ac
in
ter
f
er
o
m
e
ter
s
[
1
2
]
–
[
1
4
]
.
Ma
n
d
r
el
al
s
o
d
ev
elo
p
ed
FB
G
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
w
id
th
,
b
u
t
d
if
f
er
en
t
r
eso
n
at
in
g
m
o
d
e
s
co
v
er
t
h
e
w
id
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
o
a
c
c
o
m
p
li
s
h
th
is
,
u
n
if
o
r
m
F
B
Gs
a
r
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
in
c
o
n
ju
n
c
t
i
o
n
w
ith
i
n
d
iu
m
g
a
l
liu
m
a
r
s
en
i
d
e
(
I
n
GaA
s
)
p
h
o
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
o
r
s
t
o
am
p
l
if
y
th
e
s
i
g
n
al
s
i
n
th
i
s
r
e
s
e
a
r
ch
.
T
h
is
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
p
r
es
en
ts
a
n
ew
s
o
lu
t
i
o
n
t
o
o
u
r
r
es
e
a
r
ch
,
w
h
i
ch
f
o
cu
s
e
s
o
n
th
e
in
q
u
i
r
y
o
f
th
e
p
e
ak
B
r
a
g
g
w
av
e
s
h
if
t
c
au
s
e
d
b
y
th
e
c
o
n
v
er
s
i
o
n
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
w
i
th
v
a
r
i
o
u
s
r
ef
l
ec
t
iv
i
ty
.
F
B
G
s
en
s
o
r
s
a
r
e
s
t
a
b
le
a
n
d
r
e
l
ia
b
l
e
,
ex
h
i
b
it
l
i
n
e
a
r
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
s
t
o
s
en
s
in
g
p
ar
am
et
e
r
s
,
an
d
h
av
e
b
e
en
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
v
a
r
i
o
u
s
p
a
r
am
e
te
r
s
s
u
ch
a
s
s
t
r
a
in
,
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
,
an
d
t
em
p
e
r
atu
r
e
.
F
B
G
s
w
e
r
e
d
e
s
ig
n
e
d
w
ith
s
p
e
c
if
i
c
p
a
r
am
et
e
r
s
t
o
o
p
t
im
i
z
e
d
et
e
c
tio
n
[
1
7
]
.
Ou
r
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
f
ab
r
ica
tin
g
an
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
izin
g
u
n
if
o
r
m
FB
Gs
w
i
th
co
n
tr
o
lled
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
to
ass
es
s
th
eir
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
i
n
o
p
tical
-
to
-
e
lectr
ical
s
i
g
n
a
l
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
.
Op
tical
s
ig
n
al
s
w
er
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
FB
Gs
an
d
d
etec
ted
u
s
in
g
I
n
Ga
A
s
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
s
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ati
n
g
h
ig
h
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
a
n
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
[
1
8
]
–
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
is
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
as
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
en
h
an
ci
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
m
ed
ical
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
B
y
e
x
a
m
in
in
g
B
r
ag
g
w
av
ele
n
g
th
s
h
if
ts
a
n
d
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
FB
Gs
w
i
th
I
n
Ga
As
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
s
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
es
tab
lis
h
es a
s
tr
o
n
g
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
ad
v
an
ce
d
m
ed
ical
s
en
s
o
r
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
A
n
o
tab
le
r
esear
c
h
g
ap
r
e
m
ai
n
s
i
n
e
x
p
lo
r
in
g
t
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
ics
o
f
p
ea
k
B
r
ag
g
w
av
e
len
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
s
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
als
in
to
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
als,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
m
ed
ical
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ad
d
r
ess
es
th
a
t
g
ap
b
y
e
x
te
n
d
in
g
p
r
io
r
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
.
E
ar
lier
i
n
ter
r
o
g
atio
n
s
h
a
v
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
t
h
e
u
ti
lit
y
o
f
ch
i
r
p
ed
FB
Gs
in
s
tr
ai
n
d
etec
tio
n
,
r
ef
lecti
n
g
th
e
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
o
f
F
B
Gs
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
io
u
s
s
en
s
in
g
[
2
1
]
.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
o
th
er
w
o
r
k
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
th
a
t
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
FB
Gs
ca
n
e
f
f
ec
t
iv
el
y
b
e
ap
p
lied
in
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
s
en
s
in
g
,
e
m
p
h
a
s
izi
n
g
t
h
eir
r
o
le
in
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
al
tr
an
s
la
tio
n
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
s
h
o
w
ed
th
e
k
e
y
asp
ec
ts
o
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
,
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
th
e
w
o
r
k
d
escr
ip
tio
n
,
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
tili
ze
d
f
o
r
o
p
tical
-
to
-
elec
tr
ical
s
i
g
n
al
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
,
th
e
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
ce
o
f
r
esear
c
h
f
o
r
m
ed
ical
s
e
n
s
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
an
d
its
r
elatio
n
to
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
wo
r
k
s
in
t
h
e
f
ield
.
B
y
in
ter
r
o
g
ati
n
g
th
e
p
ea
k
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
e
p
h
e
n
o
m
e
n
o
n
u
s
in
g
FB
G
s
w
it
h
I
n
Ga
As
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
s
,
w
e
ai
m
to
ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
tate
-
of
-
th
e
-
ar
t
m
ed
ical
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
s
et
-
u
p
w
as
d
esig
n
ed
to
in
ter
r
o
g
ate
th
e
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tic
o
f
FB
G
w
it
h
v
ar
io
u
s
r
e
f
lecti
v
it
ies,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
A
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
s
e
t
-
u
p
i
n
v
o
l
v
i
n
g
s
p
ec
ia
lized
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
p
r
ec
is
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
tech
n
iq
u
es
w
as
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
ac
cu
r
atel
y
m
ea
s
u
r
e
an
d
an
al
y
ze
th
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
1
.
FB
G
w
it
h
v
ar
y
i
n
g
r
ef
lecti
v
iti
es
w
er
e
f
ab
r
icate
d
u
s
i
n
g
esta
b
lis
h
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
[
2
3
]
an
d
u
s
ed
as
th
e
in
j
ec
tio
n
p
u
ls
e
s
i
g
n
a
l
s
o
u
r
ce
.
A
t
u
n
ab
le
laser
co
n
tr
o
ls
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
to
g
ain
th
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
B
r
ag
g
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
b
et
w
ee
n
0
to
5
V
in
th
e
I
n
Ga
As
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
t
h
e
li
n
ea
r
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
s
i
g
n
al
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
.
T
h
e
FB
G
p
ar
am
eter
s
co
u
l
d
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
FB
G
r
ef
lecti
v
it
y
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
later
al
ex
te
n
t
o
f
FB
G.
E
ac
h
g
u
id
ed
m
o
d
e
h
a
d
a
d
if
f
er
en
t sp
atia
l d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
w
it
h
in
t
h
e
f
ib
er
co
r
e
[
2
4
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
x
p
er
i
m
en
tal
s
et
-
u
p
o
f
in
ter
r
o
g
ati
n
g
th
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t o
f
FB
Gs
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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v
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d
e
s re
a
l
-
t
i
me
mo
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
D
a
t
a
a
c
q
u
i
s
i
t
i
o
n
(
D
A
Q
)
I
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
s
w
i
t
h
L
a
b
V
I
EW
t
o
c
a
p
t
u
r
e
,
p
r
o
c
e
ss,
a
n
d
st
o
r
e
d
a
t
a
f
r
o
m t
h
e
p
h
o
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
o
r
O
p
t
i
c
a
l
s
p
e
c
t
r
u
m a
n
a
l
y
z
e
r
(
O
S
A
)
S
p
e
c
t
r
u
m
mo
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
I
n
t
e
r
r
o
g
a
t
o
r
M
e
a
su
r
e
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
r
p
r
e
t
t
h
e
F
B
G
w
a
v
e
l
e
n
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
T
u
n
a
b
l
e
l
a
se
r
so
u
r
c
e
(
TL
S
)
L
a
s
e
r
so
u
r
c
e
T
ab
le
2
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
s
th
at
FB
G
ex
ten
d
ed
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
l
y
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
ar
ea
o
f
th
e
f
ib
er
co
r
e,
ea
ch
g
u
id
ed
m
o
d
e
w
a
s
r
ef
le
cted
eq
u
all
y
,
an
d
th
e
to
tal
r
ef
lecti
v
it
y
in
cr
ea
s
ed
.
T
h
ese
FB
G
w
er
e
p
r
ec
is
el
y
d
esig
n
ed
an
d
f
ab
r
icate
d
o
n
o
p
tical
f
ib
er
s
w
it
h
ac
cu
r
ate
co
n
tr
o
l
o
v
er
th
e
g
r
atin
g
p
er
io
d
an
d
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
e
x
m
o
d
u
latio
n
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
th
e
p
er
t
in
en
t r
ef
lecti
v
it
y
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Un
if
o
r
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
F
B
G
L
B
(
n
m)
B
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
(
n
m)
S
L
R
(
d
B
)
R
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
(
%)
F
B
G
1
1
5
4
9
.
9
7
4
0
.
1
4
7
1
8
.
4
8
30
F
B
G
2
1
5
4
9
.
9
3
6
0
.
1
7
6
1
4
.
9
9
50
F
B
G
3
1
5
4
9
.
8
9
5
0
.
2
1
6
1
4
.
1
8
70
F
B
G
4
1
5
4
9
.
9
6
2
0
.
2
8
4
2
0
.
2
6
90
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
in
ter
r
o
g
ato
r
s
y
s
te
m
w
er
e
t
y
p
icall
y
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
o
p
er
ate
in
t
h
e
r
elev
an
t
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
FB
G
r
ef
lectio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
ea
k
r
esp
o
n
s
i
v
it
y
is
ac
h
ie
v
ed
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
p
h
o
t
o
n
en
er
g
y
s
u
r
p
as
s
es
th
e
b
an
d
g
ap
en
er
g
y
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
illu
s
tr
ates
a
r
es
p
o
n
s
i
v
it
y
v
al
u
e
o
f
I
n
GaA
s
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
at
1
.
0
4
A
/W
.
It
co
u
ld
ef
f
icien
tl
y
co
n
v
er
t
t
h
e
o
p
tical
p
o
w
er
o
f
th
e
r
ef
lec
ted
s
ig
n
als in
to
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
elec
tr
ical
c
u
r
r
en
ts
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
r
eliab
le
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
en
co
d
ed
in
th
e
FB
G
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
R
esp
o
n
s
i
v
it
y
o
f
I
n
G
aAs p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
An
OS
A
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
w
av
e
len
g
t
h
s
h
if
t
u
s
in
g
h
ig
h
-
r
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
p
ec
tr
al
an
al
y
s
i
s
.
A
t
u
n
ab
l
e
laser
s
o
u
r
ce
(
T
L
S)
p
r
o
v
id
ed
a
co
n
tr
o
lled
o
p
tical
s
i
g
n
al
i
n
1
5
4
3
–
1
5
5
5
n
m
.
P
r
ec
is
e
t
u
n
i
n
g
o
f
T
L
S
e
n
s
u
r
es
th
at
th
e
o
p
tical
s
i
g
n
al
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
i
n
t
er
est
an
d
e
n
ab
les
c
h
ar
ac
ter
izat
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
r
ef
lecte
d
b
y
t
h
e
FB
G.
T
L
S
w
a
s
in
te
g
r
ated
in
to
a
s
y
s
te
m
alo
n
g
s
id
e
th
e
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
,
DA
Q,
s
y
s
te
m
,
an
d
L
ab
VI
E
W
f
o
r
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
OS
A
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
v
er
if
y
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
an
d
w
a
s
n
o
t
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
m
ai
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
d
ata
w
er
e
an
al
y
ze
d
u
s
i
n
g
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
s
ig
n
a
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es,
allo
w
i
n
g
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
an
d
q
u
an
t
if
ica
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
w
av
e
len
g
t
h
s
h
if
ts
ex
h
ib
ited
b
y
th
e
FB
G
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
r
ef
lec
tiv
i
ties
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
a
s
w
ep
t
w
av
e
len
g
th
f
r
o
m
th
e
T
L
S
laser
w
a
s
u
s
ed
as
th
e
in
p
u
t,
an
d
w
h
e
n
th
e
lig
h
t
w
as
ir
r
ad
iated
o
n
to
th
e
FB
G,
it
w
as
tr
an
s
m
itted
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
FB
G
an
d
d
ir
ec
ted
to
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
,
en
ab
lin
g
t
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lt
s
to
b
e
r
ea
d
b
y
D
A
Q
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
L
ab
VI
E
W
f
o
r
th
e
DAQ
in
ter
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
th
e
D
A
Q
b
e
g
in
s
b
y
r
ea
d
in
g
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
in
p
u
t v
o
ltag
e,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
t
h
en
co
n
v
e
r
ted
to
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
d
in
to
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
is
v
o
ltag
e
co
u
ld
b
e
o
u
tp
u
t a
s
t
h
e
DAQ
’
s
in
p
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
at
t
h
e
D
A
Q
’
s
ax
i
s
o
u
tp
u
t c
o
n
n
ec
to
r
.
T
h
is
co
n
v
er
ts
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
al
s
in
to
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
als a
s
a
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
v
er
s
u
s
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
cu
r
v
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Op
timiz
in
g
s
ig
n
a
l c
o
n
ve
r
s
io
n
in
u
n
ifo
r
m
F
B
Gs w
ith
I
n
Ga
A
s
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
s
fo
r
…
(
Ten
g
ku
E
mri
n
a
ld
i
)
1061
3
.
1
.
Co
nv
er
t
er
s
y
s
t
e
m
T
h
e
ele
m
en
ta
l
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
th
i
s
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
i
s
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
ef
f
ec
t,
w
h
er
e
in
co
m
i
n
g
lig
h
t
in
d
u
ce
s
a
v
o
ltag
e
w
it
h
in
a
m
ater
ial.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
t
h
e
li
g
h
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
FB
G
w
a
s
d
ir
ec
ted
in
to
a
n
I
n
GaA
s
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
,
w
h
ic
h
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
th
e
FB
G
lig
h
t
in
to
its
I
n
Ga
A
s
m
ater
ial
a
n
d
g
en
er
ated
a
cu
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
io
n
al
to
th
e
o
p
tical
p
o
w
er
o
f
th
e
s
ig
n
al.
T
h
e
s
h
i
f
te
d
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
v
ar
iatio
n
s
a
f
ter
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
ab
le
3
.
P
h
o
to
n
to
cu
r
r
en
t c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
in
p
h
o
to
d
ete
cto
r
s
F
B
G
Δλ
b
O
p
t
i
c
a
l
si
g
n
a
l
i
n
i
n
t
e
r
r
o
g
a
t
o
r
(
n
m)
Δλ
b
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
s
i
g
n
a
l
i
n
I
n
G
a
A
s (n
m)
F
B
G
1
0
.
0
2
3
9
2
0
.
0
5
0
1
3
F
B
G
2
0
.
0
2
2
2
6
0
.
0
2
9
2
6
F
B
G
3
0
.
0
1
6
2
2
0
.
0
4
2
9
2
F
B
G
4
0
.
0
1
2
9
8
0
.
0
2
5
8
0
R
ef
lec
tiv
it
y
w
a
s
ca
lcu
lated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
FB
G
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
s
p
e
ctr
u
m
.
O
n
th
e
co
n
tr
ar
y
,
th
e
i
n
ter
r
o
g
ato
r
u
s
ed
a
n
i
n
ter
f
er
o
m
e
ter
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
r
e
f
lectio
n
w
it
h
o
u
t
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
.
T
h
e
FB
G
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
th
is
s
h
i
f
ted
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
f
r
o
m
T
ab
le
3
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
p
r
ec
is
io
n
d
etec
tio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
ter
r
o
g
ato
r
an
d
I
n
GaA
s
.
A
li
g
h
t
s
o
u
r
c
e
(
1
5
4
9
–
1
5
5
1
nm
)
w
a
s
co
u
p
led
in
to
th
e
f
ib
er
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
r
e
f
lectio
n
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
.
T
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
w
a
s
ca
lcu
la
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
at
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
.
T
h
e
a
m
b
ien
t
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
w
as
2
6
.
5
°C
.
T
h
e
in
ter
r
o
g
ato
r
’
s
o
r
ig
in
al
s
p
ec
tr
al
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
ac
q
u
is
i
tio
n
w
as
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
to
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
,
an
d
i
n
ter
ce
p
t
to
o
b
t
ain
id
ea
l
s
p
ec
tr
al
d
ata.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
it
w
as
c
h
alle
n
g
in
g
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ted
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
b
e
ca
u
s
e
it in
cl
u
d
ed
r
an
d
o
m
n
o
is
e
d
u
e
t
o
v
ar
io
u
s
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
ch
a
s
th
e
o
p
tical
p
ath
,
cir
cu
it,
an
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
s
y
s
te
m
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
o
f
FB
G
w
as
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
s
tr
e
n
g
th
o
f
th
e
g
r
atin
g
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
’
s
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
e
x
m
o
d
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
f
ig
u
r
e
o
f
h
i
g
h
er
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
s
i
g
n
if
ies
a
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
n
o
u
n
ce
d
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
w
it
h
in
th
e
FB
G,
lead
i
n
g
to
a
s
tr
o
n
g
e
r
in
ter
ac
tio
n
w
it
h
e
x
ter
n
al
s
ti
m
u
li
li
k
e
s
tr
ain
o
r
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e.
T
ab
le
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
least
r
e
f
lecti
v
it
y
,
w
h
ic
h
w
as
s
li
g
h
tl
y
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
d
s
in
ce
t
h
e
w
ea
k
er
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
lev
el
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
less
p
r
o
n
o
u
n
ce
d
g
r
ati
n
g
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
s
,
w
h
ich
co
u
ld
r
esu
l
t
in
s
m
al
ler
ch
a
n
g
e
s
i
n
th
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
f
o
r
a
g
iv
en
s
ti
m
u
lu
s
.
FB
Gs
w
it
h
3
0
%
r
ef
l
ec
ta
n
ce
h
ad
a
w
ea
k
er
g
r
atin
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
an
d
ex
h
ib
ited
a
h
i
g
h
er
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
s
h
if
t
d
u
e
to
th
eir
in
cr
ea
s
ed
s
en
s
it
iv
i
t
y
to
ex
ter
n
al
f
ac
to
r
s
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
th
e
FB
G
w
it
h
9
0
%
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
,
p
o
s
s
es
s
in
g
a
s
tr
o
n
g
er
g
r
ati
n
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
m
ig
h
t
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
a
s
m
aller
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
as
it
w
as
less
r
esp
o
n
s
i
v
e
to
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
i
n
s
tr
ain
a
n
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
.
T
ab
le
3
s
h
o
w
s
an
FB
G
7
0
%
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
h
ad
a
h
ig
h
er
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
t
h
an
5
0
%
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
d
u
e
to
th
e
b
alan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
an
d
s
tr
en
g
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
ati
n
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e.
7
0
% r
ef
lecta
n
ce
co
u
ld
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
u
b
s
ta
n
tial r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
ex
ter
n
al
s
t
i
m
u
li
w
h
i
le
m
ain
tai
n
i
n
g
a
ce
r
tai
n
lev
el
o
f
s
tab
ilit
y
,
r
es
u
lt
in
g
i
n
a
h
ig
h
er
w
av
e
len
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
FB
G
w
it
h
lo
w
er
r
ef
lec
tiv
it
y
v
ar
ia
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
ec
is
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
o
f
s
m
all
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
s
h
i
f
t
s
w
a
s
esp
ec
ial
l
y
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t.
R
ef
le
ctiv
it
y
an
d
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
w
er
e
th
e
m
ain
p
a
r
a
m
eter
s
th
a
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
i
m
p
ac
ted
FB
G
’
s
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
s
en
s
i
n
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
.
Stra
in
-
i
n
d
u
ce
d
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
s
h
if
t
o
cc
u
r
ed
as
a
r
es
u
lt
o
f
th
e
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
e
f
f
ec
t
s
ex
er
ted
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
ati
n
g
,
w
h
ich
co
u
ld
b
e
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
l
y
d
escr
ib
ed
b
y
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
o
r
m
u
la:
∆
=
(
(
∆
)
−
∆
)
(
1
)
wh
er
e
∆ε
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
s
tr
ain
v
ar
iat
io
n
,
∆n
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
r
ef
r
ac
ti
v
e
in
d
e
x
ch
a
n
g
e
s
d
u
e
to
s
tr
ai
n
,
λ
b
r
ep
r
esen
ts
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
,
an
d
n
eff
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
.
T
ab
le
3
also
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
Δ
λ
b
s
h
i
f
ted
v
al
u
es.
T
h
is
en
ab
le
s
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
B
r
ag
g
p
r
o
p
er
ty
ch
an
g
e
s
d
u
e
to
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
tr
ain
v
ar
iat
io
n
s
an
d
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
.
T
h
e
alter
atio
n
s
in
p
ea
k
w
av
elen
g
t
h
v
al
u
es
at
m
ax
i
m
u
m
i
n
te
n
s
i
t
y
e
x
h
i
b
it
s
u
b
s
ta
n
tial
s
p
ec
tr
al
b
r
o
ad
en
i
n
g
ar
is
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
a
l
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
an
d
lig
h
t
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
.
C
h
r
o
m
atic
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
b
ec
am
e
a
s
u
b
s
ta
n
tial
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
cin
g
f
ac
to
r
d
u
e
to
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
th
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
lig
h
t
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
s
as
th
e
y
p
r
o
p
ag
ated
alo
n
g
th
e
f
ib
er
.
A
s
a
r
esu
lt,
d
iv
er
s
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
o
f
th
e
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
al
r
ea
ch
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
ti
m
es,
lead
in
g
to
b
o
th
b
r
o
ad
en
in
g
a
n
d
s
h
i
f
ti
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
p
ea
k
s
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
r
esp
o
n
s
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
th
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
to
n
-
to
-
elec
tr
o
n
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
No
n
-
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
s
p
ec
tr
al
r
esp
o
n
s
e
in
th
e
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
p
r
ev
en
ts
th
e
co
m
p
lete
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
all
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
s
,
t
h
er
eb
y
r
esu
lti
n
g
i
n
ch
an
g
es
to
th
e
p
ea
k
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
al.
W
h
e
n
t
h
e
FB
G
p
ea
k
w
a
s
d
etec
ted
u
s
i
n
g
a
n
i
n
ter
r
o
g
ato
r
,
th
e
FB
G
ex
h
ib
ited
c
h
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
s
u
c
h
a
s
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
s
e
n
s
it
iv
i
t
y
,
lead
i
n
g
to
s
m
all
c
h
an
g
es
a
n
d
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
ts
.
Var
iatio
n
s
i
n
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
ca
u
s
e
th
er
m
a
l
ex
p
a
n
s
io
n
an
d
co
n
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
FB
G,
th
er
eb
y
alter
in
g
t
h
e
in
teg
r
ati
n
g
s
p
a
cin
g
an
d
i
n
d
u
c
i
n
g
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
s
in
t
h
e
FB
G.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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6
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o
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23
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4
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20
25
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1
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-
1
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6
8
1062
W
av
elen
g
t
h
v
ar
iatio
n
s
w
er
e
m
ai
n
l
y
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
s
tr
es
s
-
in
d
u
ce
d
s
h
if
t
s
d
u
e
to
ap
p
lied
p
r
ess
u
r
e
d
u
r
in
g
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t.
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
lik
e
p
r
ess
u
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
i
d
it
y
also
af
f
ec
ted
th
e
FB
G
’
s
g
r
atin
g
a
n
d
s
p
ec
tr
al
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
T
h
e
in
te
r
r
o
g
ato
r
d
e
tecte
d
th
e
B
r
ag
g
g
r
atin
g
an
d
s
h
o
w
ed
a
n
ar
r
o
w
r
ef
lectio
n
p
ea
k
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
g
r
atin
g
,
p
er
io
d
,
an
d
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
ex
,
t
h
is
p
ea
k
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Op
tical
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
ig
n
al
W
av
elen
g
t
h
s
h
i
f
t
s
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
a
s
p
h
o
to
n
s
in
ter
ac
ted
w
i
th
t
h
e
FB
G,
alter
in
g
its
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
ex
an
d
g
en
er
ati
n
g
elec
tr
o
n
-
h
o
le
p
air
s
in
t
h
e
I
n
Ga
As
d
etec
to
r
.
T
o
s
u
m
u
p
,
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
r
e
f
le
ctiv
it
y
co
u
ld
ca
u
s
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
i
n
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
l
ig
h
t
co
u
p
led
i
n
to
t
h
e
g
r
ati
n
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
lead
in
g
to
in
co
n
s
i
s
ten
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
s
a
n
d
f
l
u
ctu
a
tio
n
s
i
n
d
etec
ted
s
i
g
n
a
ls
.
T
h
is
r
esu
lt
s
i
n
an
er
r
o
r
in
th
e
r
ef
lecta
n
ce
ca
lc
u
lated
f
r
o
m
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
ati
n
g
.
T
h
is
co
u
ld
co
m
p
licate
t
h
e
g
r
atin
g
s
elec
tio
n
in
f
ib
er
laser
d
esig
n
.
Nev
er
th
e
less
,
i
n
th
e
FB
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m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
v
a
r
io
u
s
f
ac
to
r
s
h
ad
ce
r
tai
n
e
f
f
ec
t
s
o
n
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
,
s
u
ch
as
f
ib
er
t
y
p
e,
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
s
p
lices,
an
d
t
h
e
test
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
3
.
2
.
Wa
v
eleng
t
h v
a
ria
t
io
n
T
h
e
p
ea
k
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
v
ar
iati
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
FB
G
w
as
in
f
l
u
en
ce
d
b
y
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
lin
ea
r
it
y
,
te
m
p
er
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th
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is
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al.
An
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-
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it
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r
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FB
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tp
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[
2
8
]
.
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[
9
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,
[
2
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Fi
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a
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ati
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d
th
e
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til
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o
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a
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ar
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o
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s
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m
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m
en
ts
o
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t
h
ese
s
h
i
f
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.
T
h
is
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a
l
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e
w
a
s
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b
tain
ed
a
s
t
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e
tr
an
s
m
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tted
lig
h
t
d
etec
t
s
t
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id
en
tical
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
as it p
as
s
es th
r
o
u
g
h
[
3
0
]
,
[
3
1
]
.
A
n
ad
d
itio
n
al
b
en
e
f
it o
f
a
n
ar
r
o
w
s
p
ec
t
r
al
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
w
as
m
iti
g
ati
n
g
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
a
ls
.
T
h
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
p
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tr
al
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
m
i
n
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m
i
ze
s
th
e
p
o
ten
tial f
o
r
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v
er
lap
w
it
h
o
th
er
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
als,
t
h
er
eb
y
p
r
eser
v
in
g
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
n
ar
r
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w
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tr
al
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d
w
id
th
o
f
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
FB
G
r
en
d
er
ed
th
e
m
les
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v
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l
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er
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le
to
f
ab
r
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er
r
o
r
s
an
d
v
ar
iatio
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s
,
lead
i
n
g
to
m
o
r
e
s
tab
le
a
n
d
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cib
le
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
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s
ch
ar
ac
te
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is
tic,
w
h
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e
FB
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s
w
it
h
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ar
r
o
w
s
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al
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h
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ed
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u
p
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itab
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ig
h
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n
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it
iv
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t
y
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e
x
ce
lle
n
t
s
tab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
m
i
n
i
m
al
i
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
[
3
2
]
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
ca
r
d
iac
p
u
ls
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co
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ld
b
e
ascer
tai
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ed
b
y
as
s
ess
in
g
t
h
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
in
th
r
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d
is
tin
c
t
s
tates
o
f
ac
tiv
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t
y
,
n
a
m
el
y
m
o
t
io
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les
s
n
ess
,
a
m
b
u
latio
n
,
an
d
s
p
r
in
ti
n
g
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
9
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
m
a
g
n
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to
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t
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g
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a
co
n
v
e
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ter
s
y
s
te
m
li
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ed
w
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th
FB
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T
h
e
v
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ltag
e
r
a
n
g
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
s
p
an
n
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f
r
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m
ze
r
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iv
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ac
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ie
v
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ea
r
it
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n
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h
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t
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s
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T
h
u
s
,
ea
ch
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v
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e
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ld
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it
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d
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p
r
o
p
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ate
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ab
o
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g
e.
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s
o
r
s
w
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e
u
s
ed
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m
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ito
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h
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m
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o
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etic
in
te
r
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ce
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as
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
h
ea
r
t
r
ate
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
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h
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m
a
n
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o
w
n
b
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b
lu
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g
r
ap
h
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
I
t
w
as
ca
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s
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ca
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lar
ex
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Hea
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w
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b
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it
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icate
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a
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to
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r
if
t.
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[
2
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,
w
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ates
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Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Hea
r
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ate
d
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Fig
u
r
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6
.
Hu
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g
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6
s
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less
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est
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lac
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ap
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en
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e
n
u
tili
za
tio
n
an
d
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
I
t
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s
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a
s
li
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t
d
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cr
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s
e
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h
ea
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o
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y
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u
s
t
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r
k
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h
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lack
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t
h
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aseli
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r
d
io
v
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lar
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ti
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y
w
h
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th
e
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o
d
y
w
a
s
at
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est
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d
n
o
t
u
n
d
er
p
h
y
s
ical
s
tr
ess
.
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t
h
ad
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ct
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ati
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ce
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s
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l
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ce
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h
ea
r
t
r
ate
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ar
iab
ilit
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,
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ak
i
n
g
it
m
o
r
e
s
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le
t
h
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h
en
e
n
g
ag
in
g
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n
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
ti
v
itie
s
li
k
e
w
a
k
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
w
a
v
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n
g
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h
s
h
i
f
t
i
n
th
is
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
g
e
n
e
r
all
y
af
f
ec
ted
th
e
g
r
ati
n
g
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
’
s
r
e
f
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
m
o
d
u
latio
n
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
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li
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h
t
w
a
v
es a
n
d
th
e
g
r
atin
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e.
I
n
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
FB
Gs,
a
s
d
escr
i
b
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
f
o
r
h
ea
r
t
r
ate
d
etec
tio
n
,
h
o
ld
s
p
r
o
m
i
s
i
n
g
i
m
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
T
h
e
n
o
n
-
in
v
a
s
iv
e
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
FB
G
-
b
ased
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
a
n
d
th
e
ab
ili
t
y
to
d
etec
t
h
ea
r
t
r
ate
w
it
h
h
ig
h
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
m
a
k
e
it
a
v
al
u
ab
le
to
o
l
f
o
r
ca
r
d
io
v
ascu
lar
ass
es
s
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
i
e
s
o
f
FB
Gs,
co
m
b
in
ed
w
it
h
t
h
eir
co
m
p
atib
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y
w
i
th
w
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le
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le
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n
tin
u
o
u
s
h
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r
t
r
ate
tr
ac
k
in
g
,
p
o
ten
tia
ll
y
lead
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g
to
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r
l
y
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
c
ar
d
io
v
ascu
lar
ab
n
o
r
m
alitie
s
a
n
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
p
atien
t
ca
r
e.
3
.
4
.
Adv
a
nt
a
g
es a
nd
dis
a
dv
a
nta
g
es
T
h
e
o
p
tical
-
to
-
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
al
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
i
n
g
I
n
Ga
A
s
p
h
o
to
d
etec
to
r
s
in
F
B
Gs
o
f
f
er
s
s
ev
er
al
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
.
On
e
o
f
its
m
ai
n
s
tr
en
g
th
s
i
s
i
ts
h
ig
h
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
to
w
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p
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[
2
8
]
.
A
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Ga
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[
3
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id
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