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m
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ag
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[
39
]
.
Fu
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th
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40
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[
40
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o
r
atio
n
co
m
p
eten
ce
s
”
[
42
]
,
“
co
llab
o
r
ativ
e
co
m
p
eten
ce
”
[
43
]
,
“
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tiv
e
co
m
p
eten
ce
”
[
44
]
,
“
d
ig
ital
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
”
[
45
]
,
“
d
ig
ital c
o
m
p
eten
ce
s
”
[
46
]
,
“
d
ig
ital
co
m
p
eten
cies
”
[
47
]
,
“
d
ig
ital
liter
ac
ies
”
[
48
]
,
an
d
“
d
ig
ital
liter
ac
y
”
[
49
]
.
T
o
en
c
o
m
p
ass
all
r
esear
ch
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
o
n
th
is
to
p
ic
f
r
o
m
r
esear
ch
er
s
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
io
u
s
co
u
n
tr
ies,
we
u
tili
ze
d
th
e
"*
"
s
y
m
b
o
l
in
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
q
u
er
y
to
m
atch
a
n
y
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
with
in
th
e
Sco
p
u
s
d
atab
ase
s
ea
r
ch
s
y
n
tax
.
F
o
llo
win
g
th
is
,
we
id
en
tifie
d
9
0
6
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
.
Seco
n
d
ly
,
we
r
estricte
d
d
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
ty
p
es
to
in
clu
d
e
ar
ticles,
c
o
n
f
er
e
n
ce
p
ap
e
r
s
,
b
o
o
k
c
h
ap
ter
s
,
an
d
r
ev
iew
p
a
p
er
s
in
th
e
s
o
cial
s
cien
ce
s
,
w
r
itten
in
E
n
g
lis
h
.
T
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
s
tr
in
g
u
s
ed
in
th
e
Sco
p
u
s
d
atab
ase
was
as
:
T
I
T
L
E
-
AB
S
-
KE
Y
(
(
co
m
m
u
n
ica*
AND
co
llab
o
r
a*
AND
(
co
m
p
eten
c*
OR
s
k
ill
*
)
)
AND
(
d
ig
ital
AND
(
lite
r
ac
*
OR
co
m
p
eten
c*
OR
ca
p
ab
ilit
*
)
)
)
AND
PUB
YE
AR
<
2
0
2
4
AND
(
L
I
MI
T
-
T
O
(
SUB
J
AR
E
A
,
"SOC
I
"
)
)
AND
(
L
I
MI
T
-
T
O
(
DOCTYPE
,
"a
r
"
)
OR
L
I
MI
T
-
T
O
(
DOCTYPE
,
"c
p
"
)
OR
L
I
MI
T
-
T
O
(
DOCTYPE
,
"c
h
"
)
OR
L
I
MI
T
-
T
O
(
DOCTYPE
,
"r
e"
)
)
AND
(
L
I
MI
T
-
T
O
(
L
ANGU
AGE
,
"E
n
g
lis
h
"
)
)
.
I
t is
im
p
o
r
tan
t to
n
o
te
th
at
t
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
q
u
er
y
was in
itiated
o
n
J
an
u
ar
y
1
,
2
0
2
4
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
titl
es
an
d
ab
s
tr
ac
ts
o
f
th
e
r
em
ain
in
g
4
8
9
d
o
cu
m
en
ts
wer
e
s
cr
ee
n
ed
to
elim
in
ate
th
o
s
e
u
n
r
elate
d
t
o
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
Ultim
ately
,
a
f
in
al
s
et
o
f
4
4
9
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
was
co
m
p
iled
f
o
r
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
u
s
in
g
two
wid
el
y
u
s
ed
b
ib
lio
g
r
ap
h
ic
to
o
ls
:
B
ib
lio
s
h
in
y
[
50
]
an
d
VOSv
iewe
r
(
v
er
s
io
n
1
.
6
.
2
0
)
[
51
]
.
B
ib
lio
s
h
in
y
is
a
n
ap
p
licatio
n
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
in
R
S
tu
d
io
th
at
en
ab
les
r
esear
ch
e
r
s
to
e
v
al
u
ate
th
e
q
u
ality
a
n
d
im
p
ac
t
o
f
r
esear
ch
in
d
iv
er
s
e
f
ield
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
f
er
s
v
is
u
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
s
o
f
r
esear
ch
p
atter
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
co
n
te
n
t
an
al
y
s
is
,
wo
r
d
clo
u
d
s
,
a
n
d
citatio
n
a
n
aly
s
is
,
to
ass
is
t
r
esear
ch
er
s
in
g
ain
i
n
g
v
alu
ab
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
t
o
f
s
p
ec
if
ic
r
esear
ch
to
p
ics.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
id
en
tify
p
r
o
lif
ic
au
th
o
r
s
,
p
o
p
u
lar
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
,
a
n
d
in
f
lu
en
tial
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
in
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
ield
o
f
s
tu
d
y
.
VOSv
iewe
r
f
ac
ilit
ates
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
o
f
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
r
esear
ch
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
to
o
f
f
er
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
s
cien
tif
ic
lan
d
s
ca
p
e.
T
h
is
s
o
f
twar
e
is
v
alu
ab
le
in
h
elp
in
g
r
esear
ch
er
s
f
in
d
p
r
ec
is
e
s
ea
r
ch
ter
m
s
,
id
en
tify
p
o
ten
tial
co
llab
o
r
ato
r
s
,
lo
ca
t
e
in
f
lu
en
tial p
ap
e
r
s
an
d
k
n
o
wle
d
g
e
g
a
p
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws th
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t o
f
t
h
e
d
o
c
u
m
en
t sele
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Flo
wch
ar
t
o
f
d
o
cu
m
en
t selec
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
C
o
mmu
n
ica
tio
n
a
n
d
co
lla
b
o
r
a
tio
n
co
mp
eten
ce
w
ith
in
th
e
d
ig
ita
l c
o
mp
eten
ce
w
ith
in
…
(
Ho
n
g
Hu
e
C
a
o
)
2655
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
E
v
o
lutio
n o
f
pu
bli
ca
t
io
ns
o
v
er
t
im
e
T
h
e
k
e
y
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
et
o
f
4
4
9
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
is
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Ou
t
o
f
th
e
to
tal
co
llectio
n
,
2
9
4
ar
ticles
wer
e
id
en
tifie
d
,
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
6
5
.
4
8
%
o
f
th
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
co
llectio
n
in
clu
d
ed
4
9
b
o
o
k
c
h
ap
ter
s
,
8
8
co
n
f
er
e
n
ce
p
ap
e
r
s
,
an
d
1
8
r
e
v
iew
p
ap
er
s
ac
co
u
n
tin
g
f
o
r
1
0
.
9
1
%,
1
9
.
6
0
%
an
d
4
.
0
1
%
o
f
th
e
c
o
llectio
n
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
ese
4
4
9
p
u
b
licati
o
n
s
wer
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
ac
r
o
s
s
3
1
2
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
d
ex
ed
in
t
h
e
Sco
p
u
s
d
atab
as
e
b
etwe
en
2
0
0
0
a
n
d
2
0
2
3
.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
citatio
n
s
p
er
d
o
c
u
m
en
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
1
0
.
9
3
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
an
aly
s
is
id
en
tifie
d
1
,
2
4
3
co
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
s
,
with
a
n
av
e
r
ag
e
o
f
2
.
9
4
co
-
a
u
th
o
r
s
p
er
d
o
cu
m
e
n
t,
s
u
g
g
esti
n
g
a
t
r
en
d
to
war
d
co
llab
o
r
ativ
e
r
esear
ch
.
M
o
r
eo
v
er
,
8
7
s
in
g
le
-
a
u
th
o
r
p
ap
e
r
s
wer
e
au
th
o
r
ed
b
y
8
5
s
ch
o
la
r
s
,
h
ig
h
l
ig
h
tin
g
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
in
d
iv
i
d
u
al
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
alo
n
g
s
id
e
co
llab
o
r
ativ
e
ef
f
o
r
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
an
n
u
al
p
u
b
licatio
n
o
u
tp
u
t
f
r
o
m
2
0
0
0
to
2
0
2
3
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
u
b
licatio
n
in
th
is
f
ield
was
r
elea
s
ed
in
2
0
0
0
,
o
u
r
a
n
aly
s
is
r
ev
ea
ls
a
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
ac
ad
em
ic
in
ter
est
f
o
ll
o
win
g
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic.
W
h
ile
o
n
ly
two
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
wer
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
2
0
0
0
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
d
o
u
b
led
b
y
2
0
1
8
,
r
ea
ch
in
g
8
8
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
b
y
2
0
2
3
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
f
o
u
n
d
im
p
ac
t o
f
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
r
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
an
d
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
em
ic
h
as
h
eig
h
ten
e
d
th
e
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
d
ig
ital
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
,
d
r
iv
in
g
in
cr
ea
s
ed
ac
ad
em
ic
in
ter
est
in
d
ig
ital
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
T
h
is
o
u
tco
m
e
ali
g
n
s
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
52
]
,
[
53
]
,
lead
in
g
to
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
u
r
g
e
in
C
C
C
-
D
C
F
r
esear
ch
o
v
er
th
e
p
ast
th
r
ee
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
is
p
er
i
o
d
also
witn
e
s
s
ed
th
e
em
er
g
en
ce
o
f
n
ew
r
esear
ch
f
o
cu
s
es
an
d
ex
p
an
d
ed
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
s
,
all
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
th
e
en
h
an
ce
d
p
r
o
m
in
e
n
ce
o
f
t
h
is
f
ield
.
T
h
is
f
in
d
in
g
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
i
n
s
titu
tio
n
s
to
p
lace
g
r
ea
ter
em
p
h
asis
o
n
d
ev
elo
p
i
n
g
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
co
m
p
ete
n
ce
with
in
th
e
d
ig
ital
co
m
p
eten
c
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
in
th
eir
cu
r
r
ic
u
la.
T
h
is
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
44
]
,
[
54
]
,
[
55
]
,
wh
ich
s
im
ilar
ly
em
p
h
asized
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
d
ig
ital
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
co
lla
b
o
r
atio
n
co
m
p
eten
ce
in
t
h
e
m
o
d
er
n
er
a
an
d
th
eir
p
r
io
r
itiza
tio
n
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
.
T
h
is
f
o
cu
s
en
s
u
r
es
s
tu
d
en
ts
ar
e
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
to
m
ee
t
th
e
d
em
an
d
s
o
f
a
d
ig
itally
d
r
i
v
en
wo
r
ld
,
r
ein
f
o
r
cin
g
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
C
C
C
-
DC
F
wi
th
in
b
r
o
ad
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
o
licies.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Ma
in
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
co
llectio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
2025
:
2
6
5
2
-
2
6
6
5
2656
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
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h
e
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ase
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r
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3
.
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ro
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he
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o
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lla
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T
h
e
p
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b
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n
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n
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f
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d
o
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u
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ed
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y
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f
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if
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er
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t
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ies,
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s
tr
atin
g
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e
g
lo
b
al
s
co
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o
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C
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D
C
F.
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
co
llab
o
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atio
n
n
etwo
r
k
am
o
n
g
4
8
co
u
n
tr
ies
with
at
least
th
r
ee
C
C
C
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D
C
F
p
u
b
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s
,
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ef
lectin
g
b
o
t
h
h
is
to
r
ical
an
d
r
ec
en
t
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
co
llab
o
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atio
n
tr
en
d
s
.
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ac
h
n
o
d
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
c
o
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n
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y
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ize
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icatin
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n
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o
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m
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a
n
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o
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g
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llab
o
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tr
en
g
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.
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h
e
an
al
y
s
is
id
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tifie
s
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e
U
n
ited
States
an
d
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ai
n
as
ce
n
tr
al
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in
th
e
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etwo
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t
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ar
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i
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,
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a
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ticu
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ly
with
em
er
g
in
g
r
esear
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r
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io
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in
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a
an
d
L
ati
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er
ica.
No
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ly
,
th
e
Un
ited
States
h
as
en
h
a
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ce
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o
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[
56
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.
Sp
ain
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ased
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ip
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38
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,
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57
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,
h
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[
61
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,
[
62
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,
o
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m
s
th
at
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[
63
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.
3
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M
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p
r
o
v
id
es
a
d
etailed
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aly
s
is
o
f
th
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co
-
o
cc
u
r
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n
ce
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am
o
n
g
t
h
e
4
3
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
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e
n
tly
u
s
ed
au
th
o
r
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
,
ea
ch
a
p
p
ea
r
in
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at
least
f
iv
e
tim
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ac
h
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th
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aliza
tio
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r
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r
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d
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ct
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d
th
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o
f
th
e
co
n
n
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icate
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en
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ip
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r
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ce
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ticles.
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h
ese
au
th
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e
ca
teg
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to
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is
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if
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co
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,
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ch
r
e
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g
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m
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r
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esear
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f
o
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s
with
in
C
C
C
-
D
C
F.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
r
esear
ch
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p
ic
p
e
r
tain
s
to
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
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e
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
v
ir
tu
al
r
ea
lity
,
we
b
2
.
0
,
an
d
g
a
m
if
icatio
n
[
65
]
,
[
66
]
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
r
esear
ch
to
p
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f
o
cu
s
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o
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th
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ce
p
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o
f
d
ig
ital
co
m
p
eten
ce
s
[
2
7
]
,
[
67
]
,
[
68
]
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
r
esear
ch
to
p
ic
ex
p
l
o
r
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ed
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n
al
in
n
o
v
atio
n
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
[
1
1
]
,
[
69
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
r
esear
ch
to
p
ic
ce
n
ter
s
ar
o
u
n
d
awa
r
en
ess
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
liter
ac
y
s
k
ills
[
70
]
.
T
h
e
f
if
th
r
esear
ch
t
o
p
ic
e
x
a
m
in
es
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
ac
q
u
ir
in
g
d
i
g
ital
co
m
p
eten
ce
s
[
44
]
.
T
h
e
s
ix
th
r
esear
ch
to
p
ic
f
o
cu
s
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o
n
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h
e
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le
o
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d
ig
ital
tech
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lo
g
y
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ev
elo
p
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n
g
cr
ea
tiv
ity
an
d
cr
i
tical
th
in
k
in
g
[
71
]
.
T
h
e
last
r
esear
ch
to
p
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d
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cu
s
s
es c
o
llab
o
r
ativ
e
lear
n
i
n
g
[
2
8
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
C
o
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o
cc
u
r
r
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n
ce
n
etw
o
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o
f
th
e
4
3
m
o
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t f
r
eq
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e
n
tly
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ed
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th
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r
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r
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s
4.
CO
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