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o
b
b
y
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
a
n
d
em
ic,
with
g
en
r
es
s
u
c
h
as
ac
tio
n
,
a
r
ca
d
e,
b
attle
r
o
y
ale,
m
ass
iv
ely
m
u
ltip
lay
er
o
n
lin
e
r
o
le
-
p
la
y
in
g
g
a
m
es
(
MM
OR
P
G
)
,
m
u
ltip
lay
er
o
n
lin
e
b
attle
ar
en
as
(
MO
B
A
)
,
p
u
zz
les,
r
o
le
-
p
lay
i
n
g
g
am
es a
n
d
d
ig
ital c
ar
d
g
am
e
s
s
ettin
g
th
e
to
n
e.
C
ell
p
h
o
n
es
h
av
e
n
o
t
o
n
ly
d
r
iv
en
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
in
n
o
v
at
io
n
b
u
t
h
a
v
e
also
m
ad
e
v
i
d
eo
g
am
es
m
ain
s
tr
ea
m
in
m
o
d
er
n
s
o
ciety
.
T
h
is
ch
an
g
e
is
clo
s
ely
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
r
is
e
o
f
ca
s
u
al
g
am
in
g
a
n
d
g
am
in
g
cu
ltu
r
e,
wh
ich
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
an
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
asp
ec
t
o
f
m
o
d
e
r
n
life
[
4
]
.
Mo
b
ile
g
am
es
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
-
s
o
lv
in
g
s
k
ills
an
d
s
o
cial
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
m
ak
in
g
th
e
m
v
alu
ab
le
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
to
o
ls
[
7
]
.
Su
cc
ess
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
team
wo
r
k
an
d
s
tr
ateg
ic
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
in
th
e
h
ig
h
ly
co
m
p
etitiv
e
MO
B
A
g
en
r
e.
E
ato
n
a
n
d
Me
n
d
o
n
ça
[
8
]
d
escr
ib
e
MO
B
A
as a
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
g
am
e
t
h
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
wh
er
e
p
lay
er
s
co
m
m
u
n
ica
te
th
r
o
u
g
h
v
ar
io
u
s
ch
an
n
els,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
tex
t a
n
d
in
-
g
am
e
s
ig
n
als.
T
h
e
wid
e
ap
p
ea
l
o
f
MO
B
A
g
am
es
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
ac
ts
th
eir
p
lay
er
s
,
esp
ec
ially
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
R
esear
ch
s
h
o
ws
th
at
MO
B
A
p
lay
er
s
o
f
t
en
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
d
ee
p
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t,
wh
er
e
t
h
e
g
am
e
’
s
d
y
n
a
m
ics
ca
p
tu
r
e
th
eir
f
u
ll
atten
tio
n
,
p
o
te
n
tially
p
o
s
itiv
e
ly
im
p
ac
tin
g
th
ei
r
p
er
s
is
ten
ce
an
d
ac
ad
e
m
ic
m
o
tiv
atio
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
is
im
m
er
s
iv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
en
c
o
u
r
a
g
es
p
lay
er
s
to
r
ef
in
e
th
eir
g
a
m
e
s
tr
ate
g
ies
co
n
s
tan
tly
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
s
t
u
d
en
ts
d
ed
icate
d
to
g
am
in
g
s
ee
k
c
h
allen
g
es to
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
eir
s
k
ills
,
d
r
iv
en
b
y
th
e
d
esire
to
m
ain
tain
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
eir
r
an
k
[
1
0
]
.
Sig
n
if
ican
tly
,
g
a
m
es
h
av
e
lo
n
g
b
ee
n
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
as
a
p
o
p
u
lar
p
asti
m
e
am
o
n
g
f
r
ien
d
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
f
o
r
s
o
cial
en
g
ag
em
en
t
an
d
en
ter
tai
n
m
en
t
[
1
1
]
.
Gam
es,
esp
ec
ially
m
o
b
ile
g
a
m
es,
h
av
e
ev
o
lv
e
d
in
to
v
ar
io
u
s
p
latf
o
r
m
s
th
at
s
er
v
e
s
o
cial,
em
o
tio
n
al,
an
d
co
g
n
itiv
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t.
S
tu
d
en
t
s
p
lay
v
id
eo
g
am
es
f
o
r
v
ar
i
o
u
s
r
ea
s
o
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
s
o
cializin
g
with
p
ee
r
s
,
g
ain
in
g
s
o
cial
s
tatu
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
m
p
etit
io
n
,
teac
h
in
g
o
th
er
s
h
o
w
to
p
lay
,
m
ak
in
g
n
ew
f
r
i
en
d
s
,
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
lead
er
s
h
ip
s
k
ills
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
cial
asp
e
cts
o
f
th
is
p
lay
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
a
d
v
an
ce
s
ar
e
b
e
co
m
in
g
m
o
r
e
in
ter
twin
e
d
with
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
d
aily
liv
es
[
1
2
]
.
W
ith
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
u
s
e
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
(
I
C
T
)
,
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
s
p
en
d
m
o
r
e
tim
e
o
n
t
h
ese
g
am
in
g
p
latf
o
r
m
s
th
an
in
th
e
p
ast.
T
h
e
r
o
le
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
h
a
s
ev
o
lv
ed
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
lear
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
to
a
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
-
en
h
an
ce
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
h
as
s
h
o
wn
p
o
ten
tial
b
en
ef
its
.
Gam
if
ied
lear
n
in
g
,
esp
e
cially
with
th
e
h
elp
o
f
m
o
b
ile
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
h
as g
en
er
ated
g
r
ea
t in
te
r
est in
en
g
ag
i
n
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
c
o
n
ten
t
[
1
4
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
n
o
tab
le
ex
a
m
p
les
o
f
g
am
if
icatio
n
in
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
is
Min
ec
r
af
t,
a
f
ir
s
t
-
p
er
s
o
n
S
an
d
b
o
x
g
am
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
b
y
Mo
jan
g
Stu
d
io
s
an
d
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
b
y
Mi
cr
o
s
o
f
t.
Sin
ce
its
lau
n
c
h
in
2
0
1
1
,
Min
ec
r
af
t
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
'
s
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
an
d
m
o
s
t
-
p
lay
e
d
g
am
es
[
1
5
]
.
I
ts
o
p
e
n
-
en
d
ed
n
atu
r
e
allo
ws
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
tr
y
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
en
co
u
r
ag
in
g
c
r
ea
tiv
ity
,
s
elf
-
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
i
n
g
s
k
i
lls
.
E
d
u
ca
to
r
s
h
av
e
in
teg
r
ated
Min
ec
r
af
t
in
to
th
e
class
r
o
o
m
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
u
b
jects
s
u
ch
as
m
ath
,
h
is
to
r
y
,
an
d
s
cien
ce
,
allo
win
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
en
g
ag
e
in
an
i
n
ter
a
ctiv
e
an
d
im
m
er
s
iv
e
lea
r
n
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t a
ctiv
ely
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
h
a
v
e
b
ec
o
m
e
a
n
im
p
o
r
tan
t
p
a
r
t
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t'
s
liv
es
an
d
o
f
f
er
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
an
d
ch
allen
g
es
in
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
v
i
d
eo
g
am
es
ca
n
p
r
o
m
o
te
co
g
n
i
tiv
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
in
g
s
k
ills
,
an
d
s
o
cial
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
o
r
u
n
co
n
tr
o
lled
g
am
in
g
ca
n
h
a
v
e
a
n
eg
ativ
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
ac
ad
em
ic
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
E
d
u
ca
to
r
s
an
d
p
o
licy
m
ak
e
r
s
n
ee
d
to
lo
o
k
f
o
r
way
s
to
h
ar
n
ess
th
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
asp
ec
ts
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
wh
ile
m
i
n
im
izin
g
p
o
ten
tial
d
r
awb
ac
k
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
s
tu
d
en
ts
ca
n
b
en
e
f
it
f
r
o
m
th
is
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
a
d
v
an
ce
m
e
n
t in
a
b
alan
ce
d
a
n
d
co
n
s
tr
u
ctiv
e
w
ay
.
T
h
is
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
ac
ad
em
ic
liter
atu
r
e
o
n
in
teg
r
atin
g
m
o
b
i
le
g
am
es
in
an
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
co
n
tex
t.
T
h
ese
r
esear
ch
f
in
d
in
g
s
ar
e
ex
p
ec
ted
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
v
alu
ab
le
i
n
s
ig
h
ts
an
d
ev
id
en
ce
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
s
tu
d
ies
e
x
p
lo
r
in
g
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
b
en
e
f
its
an
d
ch
allen
g
es
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
m
o
b
ile
g
am
i
n
g
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
in
to
lear
n
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
:
i)
W
h
at
ar
e
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
r
esear
ch
’
s
m
ain
t
r
en
d
s
an
d
th
em
e
s
with
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
c
o
n
tex
ts
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
4
to
2023?
ii)
W
h
o
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t in
f
l
u
en
tial p
u
b
licatio
n
s
in
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
f
o
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
?
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
B
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
an
aly
s
is
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
o
r
a
n
aly
zin
g
an
d
ev
alu
atin
g
ac
ad
e
m
ic
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
an
d
r
esear
ch
tr
en
d
s
.
Usi
n
g
s
tatis
tical
an
d
m
ath
em
atica
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
,
th
is
m
eth
o
d
q
u
an
tifie
s
v
ar
i
o
u
s
asp
ec
ts
s
u
ch
as
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
,
citatio
n
s
,
an
d
k
e
y
wo
r
d
s
.
T
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
an
aly
zin
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
b
ib
li
o
m
etr
ic
r
ev
iews
lies
in
its
ab
ilit
y
to
s
h
ed
lig
h
t
o
n
ac
ad
em
ic
o
u
t
p
u
t
a
n
d
h
ig
h
l
ig
h
t
in
f
lu
e
n
tial
wo
r
k
s
,
lead
in
g
au
th
o
r
s
,
a
n
d
k
ey
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
th
u
s
r
ev
ea
lin
g
c
r
itical
r
esear
ch
g
a
p
s
.
T
h
is
a
n
al
y
s
is
n
o
t
o
n
ly
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
2
6
7
6
-
2
6
8
5
2678
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
a
m
e
r
esear
ch
b
u
t
also
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
em
er
g
i
n
g
tr
en
d
s
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
r
esear
ch
p
ath
s
.
T
h
e
W
eb
o
f
Scien
ce
(
W
o
S)
d
atab
ase
is
h
ig
h
ly
v
alu
ed
f
o
r
it
s
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
co
v
er
ag
e
an
d
r
ig
o
r
o
u
s
in
d
ex
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
s
tu
d
ies.
I
t
i
s
r
ep
u
tatio
n
f
o
r
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
citatio
n
d
ata
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
is
cip
lin
es
h
as
b
ee
n
em
p
h
asized
in
r
ec
en
t
r
esear
ch
.
W
o
S
f
ac
ilit
ate
s
th
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
o
f
r
esear
ch
tr
en
d
s
,
cu
r
r
e
n
t
to
p
ics,
an
d
e
m
er
g
in
g
r
esear
ch
f
ield
s
an
d
e
n
ab
les
th
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
ly
cited
jo
u
r
n
als.
I
t
also
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
m
ap
p
in
g
o
f
n
etwo
r
k
s
in
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
cien
tific
liter
atu
r
e.
Usi
n
g
W
o
S
,
r
es
ea
r
ch
er
s
ca
n
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
p
atte
r
n
s
an
d
th
em
atic
g
r
o
u
p
s
in
v
a
r
io
u
s
f
ield
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
e
d
u
ca
ti
o
n
a
n
d
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
.
T
h
is
m
ak
es
W
o
S
an
in
d
is
p
en
s
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
e
r
s
wh
o
wan
t
to
an
aly
ze
th
e
im
p
ac
t
an
d
s
tatu
s
o
f
r
esear
ch
,
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
W
o
S is
s
til
l a
wid
ely
u
s
ed
d
atab
ase
f
o
r
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
an
al
y
s
es,
as it is lar
g
e
in
s
ize
an
d
k
n
o
wn
f
o
r
its
s
tr
ict
in
d
ex
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
co
n
tin
u
e
to
em
p
h
asize
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
W
o
S
f
o
r
b
ib
lio
m
etr
i
c
an
aly
s
is
,
esp
ec
ially
its
ab
ilit
y
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ci
tatio
n
d
ata
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
i
s
cip
lin
es,
o
f
f
er
in
g
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
r
esear
ch
tr
en
d
s
,
cu
r
r
en
t
to
p
ics,
an
d
em
er
g
in
g
ar
ea
s
o
f
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
it c
o
n
tin
u
es to
b
e
a
v
alu
ab
le
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
f
o
r
id
en
tify
i
n
g
h
ig
h
ly
c
ited
jo
u
r
n
als an
d
cr
ea
tin
g
n
et
wo
r
k
s
ac
r
o
s
s
g
lo
b
al
s
ch
o
lar
ly
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
[
1
8
]
.
Usi
n
g
to
o
ls
s
u
ch
as
VOSv
i
ewe
r
,
W
o
S
h
elp
s
s
ch
o
lar
s
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
s
tate
o
f
r
esear
ch
,
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
p
atter
n
s
,
an
d
t
o
p
ic
clu
s
ter
s
in
v
ar
i
o
u
s
f
ield
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
1
9
]
.
Usi
n
g
titl
e,
ab
s
tr
ac
t,
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
,
an
d
to
p
ic
,
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
s
tr
ateg
y
in
T
ab
le
1
en
s
u
r
es
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
s
ea
r
ch
f
o
r
r
elev
an
t
s
tu
d
ies.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
allo
ws
r
esear
ch
er
s
to
c
o
v
er
v
a
r
io
u
s
to
p
ics,
s
u
c
h
as
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
wh
ile
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
citatio
n
to
p
ics
r
elate
d
to
th
e
an
a
ly
s
is
.
A
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
s
u
ch
as
th
is
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
o
r
id
en
tif
y
in
g
k
e
y
tr
en
d
s
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
o
n
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
h
a
v
e
also
u
s
ed
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
ea
r
ch
es
an
d
n
etwo
r
k
m
ap
p
in
g
to
ass
ess
th
e
m
atic
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
an
d
em
er
g
i
n
g
tr
en
d
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
h
ig
h
r
ig
o
r
in
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
0
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
I
n
clu
s
io
n
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
an
aly
s
is
W
o
S
d
a
t
a
b
a
se
Ty
p
e
o
f
d
o
c
u
me
n
t
s
Ti
me
p
e
r
i
o
d
2
0
1
4
t
o
2
0
2
3
S
e
a
r
c
h
f
i
e
l
d
To
p
i
c
S
e
a
r
c
h
k
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
“
M
o
b
i
l
e
g
a
m*
”
a
n
d
“
e
d
u
c
*
”
C
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
t
o
p
i
c
s
mes
o
A
l
l
D
o
c
u
me
n
t
t
y
p
e
A
r
t
i
c
l
e
o
r
r
e
v
i
e
w
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
La
n
g
u
a
g
e
En
g
l
i
sh
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
B
ased
o
n
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
W
o
S
d
atab
ase
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
t
h
e
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
i
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
h
o
ws
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
t
r
en
d
s
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
ts
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
4
to
2
0
2
3
.
T
h
e
d
ata
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
2
4
7
ar
ticles
with
3
,
7
3
3
citatio
n
s
,
o
f
wh
ich
3
,
6
4
8
citatio
n
s
d
o
n
o
t
in
clu
d
e
s
elf
-
citatio
n
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
citatio
n
s
r
ea
ch
ed
4
,
2
7
3
,
ex
cl
u
d
in
g
4
,
1
2
1
s
elf
-
citatio
n
s
,
r
esu
l
tin
g
in
an
av
er
a
g
e
o
f
1
7
.
3
citat
io
n
s
p
er
ar
ticle.
An
H
-
in
d
ex
o
f
3
2
m
ea
n
s
th
at
at
least
3
2
ar
ticles
wer
e
cited
at
le
ast
3
2
tim
es,
wh
ich
em
p
h
asizes
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
an
d
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
th
is
f
ield
o
f
r
es
ea
r
ch
.
A
d
etailed
ex
am
in
atio
n
o
f
tr
e
n
d
s
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
4
to
2
0
2
3
s
h
o
ws
a
g
r
o
win
g
in
ter
est
in
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
is
is
r
ef
lecte
d
in
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
an
d
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
in
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
citatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
tead
y
u
p
wa
r
d
tr
en
d
in
d
icate
s
a
g
r
o
win
g
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
as
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
o
l
i
n
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
c
o
n
tex
t,
p
ar
tic
u
lar
ly
with
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
en
h
an
ce
lear
n
in
g
,
p
r
o
m
o
te
m
o
ti
v
atio
n
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
an
d
im
m
e
r
s
iv
e
lear
n
in
g
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
s
.
I
n
itially
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
o
n
m
o
b
ile
g
a
m
es
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
was
m
o
d
est,
p
o
s
s
ib
ly
r
ef
lectin
g
a
s
till
n
ew
f
ield
w
h
er
e
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
i
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
is
s
till
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
.
T
h
e
av
e
r
ag
e
o
f
1
7
.
3
citatio
n
s
p
er
ar
ticle
r
ef
lects
th
e
ac
a
d
em
ic
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
in
th
is
ar
ea
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
citatio
n
s
is
4
,
2
7
3
(
n
o
t
in
clu
d
in
g
4
,
1
2
1
s
elf
-
citatio
n
s
)
,
it
is
clea
r
th
at
r
esear
ch
o
n
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
in
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
h
as
attr
ac
ted
m
u
c
h
at
ten
tio
n
in
th
e
ac
ad
em
ic
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
.
An
an
aly
s
is
f
r
o
m
2
0
2
3
u
n
d
er
p
in
s
th
e
in
f
l
u
en
ce
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
an
d
id
e
n
tifie
s
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
as
a
ce
n
tr
al
th
em
e
in
g
am
if
icatio
n
ef
f
o
r
ts
th
at
en
h
an
ce
lear
n
in
g
ac
r
o
s
s
d
i
s
cip
lin
es
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
lo
ca
tio
n
-
b
ased
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
tu
d
ied
f
o
r
th
eir
im
p
ac
t
o
n
s
tu
d
e
n
t
en
g
ag
em
en
t,
r
ef
lectin
g
th
e
d
ep
th
o
f
r
esear
c
h
in
th
is
ar
ea
[
2
2
]
.
An
H
-
in
d
e
x
o
f
3
2
r
e
f
lects
th
e
d
ep
th
o
f
t
h
is
f
ield
o
f
r
esear
ch
an
d
in
d
icate
s
th
at
n
o
t
o
n
ly
h
as
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
in
cr
ea
s
ed
,
b
u
t
also
th
e
q
u
ality
an
d
r
elev
an
ce
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
h
av
e
h
a
d
a
last
in
g
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
ac
ad
em
ic
d
is
co
u
r
s
e.
R
esear
ch
er
s
o
f
ten
r
ef
er
t
o
k
e
y
s
tu
d
ies,
r
ef
lectin
g
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
th
is
f
ield
,
wh
ich
is
co
n
s
tan
tly
ev
o
lv
i
n
g
an
d
d
iv
er
s
if
y
in
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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J
E
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&
R
es E
d
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c
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N:
2252
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8
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2
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2679
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Qu
a
n
tity
o
f
p
u
b
licati
o
n
s
an
d
citatio
n
s
b
etwe
en
2
0
1
4
an
d
2
0
2
3
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
r
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le
o
f
m
o
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ile
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a
m
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ca
tio
n
h
as
g
ain
e
d
m
o
r
e
atten
tio
n
,
esp
ec
ially
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
u
s
in
g
m
o
b
ile
g
a
m
es
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
o
tiv
atio
n
an
d
lear
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es
in
th
e
ed
u
c
atio
n
al
co
n
tex
t.
W
ith
th
e
ad
v
a
n
ce
m
en
t
o
f
m
o
b
ile
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
th
e
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
m
o
b
ile
d
e
v
ices,
an
d
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
r
esear
ch
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
b
e
n
ef
its
o
f
g
am
if
icatio
n
p
ed
ag
o
g
y
an
d
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
lear
n
in
g
,
ac
ad
em
ic
atten
tio
n
m
a
y
h
av
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
.
T
h
e
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
u
s
e
o
f
m
o
b
ile
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
an
d
its
p
ed
a
g
o
g
ical
b
en
ef
its
a
lig
n
with
th
is
tr
en
d
[
3
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
is
in
cr
ea
s
e
ca
n
b
e
lin
k
ed
t
o
th
e
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
h
o
w
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es c
an
s
u
p
p
o
r
t le
ar
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es.
3
.
1
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
in
ed
u
c
atio
n
,
as
s
h
o
wn
b
y
th
e
VOSv
iewe
r
d
ata,
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
d
etailed
b
r
ea
k
d
o
wn
o
f
th
e
k
ey
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
,
au
th
o
r
s
,
jo
u
r
n
als,
o
r
g
an
izati
o
n
s
,
an
d
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
th
e
f
ield
.
T
h
i
s
an
aly
s
is
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
r
esear
ch
in
ter
est
in
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
l
o
u
tco
m
es
.
I
t
also
p
r
o
v
id
es
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
m
o
s
t
in
f
lu
en
tial
wo
r
k
s
,
au
th
o
r
s
,
an
d
g
e
o
g
r
ap
h
ical
ar
ea
s
.
3
.
1
.
1
.
Do
cum
ent
s
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
10
m
o
s
t
cited
d
o
c
u
m
en
ts
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
with
Ham
ar
i
et
a
l
.
[
2
4
]
tak
in
g
th
e
to
p
s
p
o
t
with
8
2
7
c
itatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
l
o
o
k
s
at
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
c
h
allen
g
in
g
g
am
es
in
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
s
tu
d
en
t
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t,
f
lo
w
an
d
im
m
er
s
io
n
an
d
h
as
attr
ac
ted
atten
tio
n
f
o
r
its
em
p
ir
ical
in
v
esti
g
a
tio
n
o
f
g
am
e
-
b
ased
lear
n
in
g
in
th
e
ac
ad
em
ic
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
.
I
n
s
ec
o
n
d
p
lace
is
Su
d
an
C
h
en
g
[
2
5
]
,
with
2
7
9
citatio
n
s
,
wh
o
d
is
cu
s
s
es
m
o
b
ile
g
am
if
icatio
n
as
a
to
o
l
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
m
o
tiv
atio
n
an
d
lear
n
in
g
s
u
cc
ess
.
T
h
e
f
o
cu
s
o
f
th
ese
h
ig
h
ly
cited
p
ap
er
s
r
ef
lects
th
e
m
ain
th
em
es
o
f
r
esear
ch
o
n
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es,
s
u
ch
as
en
g
ag
em
en
t,
m
o
tiv
atio
n
,
an
d
lear
n
in
g
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
,
wh
ich
co
n
tin
u
e
to
d
r
iv
e
i
n
ter
est
in
th
is
ar
ea
.
Sev
er
al
o
th
er
im
p
o
r
tan
t
p
u
b
l
icatio
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
T
r
o
u
s
s
as
et
a
l
.
[
2
6
]
an
d
Fu
r
ió
et
a
l
.
[
2
7
]
,
co
n
tr
i
b
u
te
to
th
e
b
r
o
ad
er
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
o
n
m
o
b
ile
g
am
e
lear
n
in
g
,
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
,
an
d
its
im
p
ac
t
o
n
tr
ad
itio
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
T
h
ese
p
ap
er
s
h
i
g
h
lig
h
t
v
ar
io
u
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es th
at
s
p
an
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
lan
g
u
ag
e
lea
r
n
i
n
g
,
an
d
v
ir
tu
al
r
ea
lity
(
VR
)
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Mo
s
t c
ited
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
2
5
2
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8
8
2
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I
n
t
J
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v
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&
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es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
2
6
7
6
-
2
6
8
5
2680
3
.
1
.
2
.
Aut
ho
rs
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
s
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
Patch
ar
i
n
Pan
jab
u
r
ee
an
d
L
u
cia
Po
m
b
o
lead
th
e
way
with
f
o
u
r
p
a
p
er
s
ea
ch
a
n
d
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
o
v
er
all
lin
k
s
tr
en
g
th
,
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
ei
r
in
f
l
u
en
ce
in
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
r
esear
ch
n
etwo
r
k
.
Fo
r
th
ese
au
th
o
r
s
,
ad
v
an
cin
g
r
esear
ch
o
n
h
o
w
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
a
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
c
o
n
tex
t
is
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t.
T
h
eir
wo
r
k
o
f
te
n
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
in
teg
r
atin
g
g
a
m
if
icatio
n
i
n
to
cu
r
r
icu
l
u
m
d
esig
n
an
d
ass
ess
in
g
lear
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
o
b
ile
p
latf
o
r
m
s
.
Oth
er
in
f
lu
en
tial
au
th
o
r
s
in
clu
d
e
Ab
r
iti
Ar
jy
al
an
d
Su
s
h
il
B
ar
al,
wh
o
h
av
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
d
to
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
liter
atu
r
e,
p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
e
p
e
d
ag
o
g
y
a
p
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
s
tr
o
n
g
li
n
k
ag
e
o
f
t
h
ese
au
th
o
r
s
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
th
eir
wo
r
k
is
well
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
an
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
tly
r
ef
er
en
ce
d
with
in
a
wid
er
r
esear
ch
n
etwo
r
k
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Au
t
h
o
r
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
3
.
1
.
3
.
I
ns
t
it
utio
ns
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
aly
s
is
als
o
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
k
ey
o
r
g
an
izat
io
n
s
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
r
esear
ch
o
n
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es.
Ma
h
id
o
l
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
an
d
Av
eir
o
Un
i
v
er
s
ity
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
r
o
lific
,
with
Ma
h
id
o
l
Un
i
v
er
s
ity
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
f
iv
e
p
ap
e
r
s
an
d
c
o
llectin
g
6
0
citatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
o
f
th
ese
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
r
ef
lect
r
eg
io
n
al
r
esear
ch
ce
n
ter
s
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
in
Asi
a
an
d
E
u
r
o
p
e,
a
d
v
an
cin
g
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es
in
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
.
I
n
s
titu
tio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
th
e
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
o
f
E
aster
n
Fin
lan
d
a
n
d
th
e
Natio
n
al
Yu
n
lin
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
Scien
ce
an
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
al
s
o
s
tan
d
o
u
t,
with
th
e
latter
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
in
f
lu
en
ce
in
th
is
ar
ea
with
3
9
9
citatio
n
s
in
f
o
u
r
d
o
c
u
m
en
ts
.
T
h
ese
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
o
f
ten
co
l
lab
o
r
ate
ac
r
o
s
s
b
o
r
d
er
s
,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
th
e
g
lo
b
al
ex
p
an
s
io
n
o
f
r
esear
ch
in
to
m
o
b
ile
g
am
es f
o
r
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Key
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
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8
8
2
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Mo
b
ile
g
a
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in
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c
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tio
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:
a
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metric a
n
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lysi
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(
Lim S
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ek
)
2681
3
.
1
.
4
.
Co
un
t
ries
Geo
g
r
ap
h
ically
,
th
e
Un
ited
St
ates
is
th
e
lead
er
in
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
r
esear
ch
,
with
5
0
d
o
cu
m
en
ts
an
d
1
,
4
8
5
citatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
h
ig
h
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
citatio
n
s
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
r
ef
lects
a
s
tr
o
n
g
ac
ad
em
ic
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
in
th
e
US
an
d
a
p
r
io
r
itizatio
n
o
f
i
n
n
o
v
at
iv
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
aiwa
n
r
an
k
s
s
ec
o
n
d
with
2
5
d
o
cu
m
en
ts
an
d
7
5
9
citatio
n
s
,
wh
ile
C
h
in
a,
T
u
r
k
ey
,
an
d
th
e
U
n
ited
K
in
g
d
o
m
ar
e
m
ajo
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
s
.
T
h
ese
co
u
n
tr
ies
h
av
e
m
ad
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
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n
s
in
th
is
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ea
,
with
r
esear
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e
r
s
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p
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r
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ar
io
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s
asp
ec
ts
o
f
m
o
b
ile
g
am
in
g
,
f
r
o
m
g
am
if
icatio
n
tech
n
i
q
u
es
to
in
t
eg
r
atin
g
m
o
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ile
g
am
es
in
to
f
o
r
m
al
an
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
al
lear
n
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
T
h
is
g
lo
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al
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
r
esear
c
h
em
p
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asizes
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e
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ea
d
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ter
est
in
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ile
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to
en
h
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ce
ed
u
ca
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n
,
with
d
if
f
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en
t
cu
ltu
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al
a
n
d
p
ed
ag
o
g
ical
co
n
tex
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in
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u
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[
2
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.
3
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2
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Dis
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T
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tan
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s
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
0
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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14
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6
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Fig
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J
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As
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ar
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[
2
4
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d
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t
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ates
t
h
a
t
ca
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e
f
u
ll
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d
esi
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Pre
v
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ies
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
2
]
s
u
g
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est
ed
th
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m
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s
.
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esear
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s
th
at
m
o
b
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g
a
m
es
ca
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h
elp
s
tu
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en
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,
an
x
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d
o
th
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m
en
tal
h
ea
lth
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h
allen
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es
wh
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u
s
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as
h
ea
lth
to
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ls
.
Gam
es
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
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eh
av
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m
o
d
if
icatio
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,
s
u
ch
as
th
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s
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is
cu
s
s
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b
y
B
ar
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wsk
i
et
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l
.
[
3
3
]
,
ca
n
b
e
p
ar
ti
cu
lar
ly
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
as
th
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ap
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tic
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d
s
with
in
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o
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d
in
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u
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s
.
T
h
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itio
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s
m
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g
am
in
g
as
a
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r
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.
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m
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g
am
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-
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ased
le
ar
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in
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also
ca
lls
f
o
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n
ew,
ad
ap
tiv
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ass
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m
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t
s
tr
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T
r
ad
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al
ass
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s
m
en
ts
o
f
ten
f
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s
h
o
r
t o
f
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p
tu
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in
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th
e
b
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f
s
k
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d
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ased
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u
ch
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s
o
lv
in
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,
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
,
a
n
d
c
o
llab
o
r
atio
n
[
3
4
]
.
Fu
et
a
l
.
[
3
5
]
h
av
e
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
m
etr
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tailo
r
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e
-
lear
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in
g
g
am
es,
wh
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h
elp
ed
u
ca
t
o
r
s
ass
ess
s
tu
d
en
t
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
s
b
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y
o
n
d
a
ca
d
em
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o
u
tc
o
m
es.
Fo
r
g
am
e
-
b
ased
lear
n
in
g
to
b
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g
en
u
in
ely
im
p
ac
tf
u
l,
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u
ca
to
r
s
n
ee
d
f
lex
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ass
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t
m
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.