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I
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D
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Aca
d
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p
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f
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m
a
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(
AP)
is
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m
p
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r
ta
n
t
in
d
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n
th
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ev
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f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
a
wid
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r
an
g
e
o
f
v
ar
iab
les
[
1
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
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r
h
a
n
d
,
lear
n
in
g
s
ty
les
(
L
S)
h
av
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b
ee
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in
v
esti
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ated
in
r
elatio
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to
AP
.
L
S
co
m
p
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is
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a
s
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f
co
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n
itiv
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af
f
ec
tiv
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an
d
p
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io
lo
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ch
ar
ac
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is
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th
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in
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to
lear
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an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
f
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r
m
atio
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[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
Acc
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r
d
in
g
to
Mu
m
f
o
r
d
an
d
Ho
n
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[
3
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,
L
S
ar
e
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
to
f
o
u
r
m
ain
t
y
p
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ac
tiv
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r
ef
lectiv
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t
h
eo
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an
d
p
r
ag
m
atic.
Ov
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th
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y
ea
r
s
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v
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ted
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d
if
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s
in
s
tu
d
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AP
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ased
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LS
[
4
]
.
T
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etwe
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lead
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s
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b
o
p
tim
al
p
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f
o
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m
an
ce
am
o
n
g
s
tu
d
en
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[
5
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,
[
6
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.
Pre
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n
th
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r
elatio
n
s
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ip
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etwe
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AP
h
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r
esu
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f
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t
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d
p
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iti
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elatio
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[
7
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,
wh
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s
h
av
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f
o
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d
n
o
co
r
r
elatio
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[
8
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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I
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14
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9
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1
2
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tain
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u
r
s
es
s
u
p
p
o
r
te
d
b
y
an
e
-
lear
n
in
g
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
d
is
cr
ep
an
cy
i
n
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
s
u
g
g
ests
a
g
ap
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
th
at
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
,
an
d
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
n
ee
d
to
c
o
n
s
id
er
m
u
ltip
le
v
ar
i
ab
les wh
en
in
v
esti
g
atin
g
th
e
lin
k
s
b
etwe
en
LS
an
d
AP
.
I
n
th
is
co
n
tex
t,
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
was
r
aised
:
w
h
at
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
d
o
LS
h
a
v
e
with
AP
lev
els
in
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
?
a
n
d
wh
at
ar
e
th
e
LS
th
at
b
est
ex
p
lain
th
ese
lev
els
o
f
AP
?
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
ex
am
in
e
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
LS
an
d
AP
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
Pro
f
ess
io
n
al
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
Me
ch
an
ical
an
d
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
at
th
e
Natio
n
al
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
L
i
m
a
So
u
th
,
a
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t
a
n
al
y
s
is
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
th
at
aim
s
to
v
is
u
alize
m
o
r
e
lin
k
ed
elem
en
ts
th
an
wh
at
was
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
a
co
r
r
elatio
n
al
an
a
ly
s
is
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
a
m
o
r
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
a
n
d
co
n
te
x
tu
alize
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
wh
ich
co
u
ld
p
r
o
v
id
e
m
o
r
e
lig
h
t
o
n
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
d
y
n
am
ics
o
f
th
is
p
o
p
u
latio
n
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
id
en
tifie
d
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
th
er
e
ar
e
m
a
n
y
o
t
h
er
s
th
at
h
av
e
n
o
t b
ee
n
ab
le
to
estab
lis
h
s
u
ch
a
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
.
Pre
cisely
,
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
ex
p
lan
ati
o
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
LS
an
d
AP
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
is
m
o
f
t
h
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
co
n
tex
t,
th
e
d
is
r
u
p
tiv
e
in
c
u
r
s
io
n
o
f
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
to
o
ls
af
ter
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
em
ic,
an
d
th
e
n
ew
lear
n
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
r
ea
s
o
n
s
w
h
y
it
r
em
ain
s
a
to
p
ic
o
f
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
to
d
ay
.
T
h
u
s
,
f
o
r
th
is
r
esear
ch
we
s
o
u
g
h
t
to
an
aly
ze
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
LS
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
AP
o
f
u
n
d
er
g
r
a
d
u
ate
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
th
e
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
Me
ch
a
n
ical
an
d
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
Natio
n
al
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
L
im
a
So
u
th
.
T
h
e
lit
er
at
u
r
e
is
n
o
t
co
n
c
lu
s
iv
e
r
e
g
a
r
d
i
n
g
th
e
e
x
p
la
n
a
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
el
ati
o
n
s
h
ip
s
b
e
twe
en
E
A
a
n
d
R
A
,
an
d
w
ea
k
n
ess
es
ar
e
n
o
te
d
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
a
l
o
f
i
n
d
ic
at
o
r
s
t
h
at
ca
n
b
ett
er
e
x
p
lai
n
t
h
is
ass
o
ci
at
io
n
,
es
p
ec
ial
ly
in
a
n
ed
u
c
ati
o
n
al
c
o
n
t
ex
t
t
h
at
in
v
o
lv
es
t
r
a
in
in
g
d
esi
g
n
s
t
h
a
t
r
e
q
u
ir
e
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ic
al
ass
is
t
an
c
e
f
r
o
m
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
Pr
ec
is
el
y
,
t
h
is
r
es
ea
r
c
h
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
n
ew
v
is
io
n
o
f
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
,
o
r
i
en
ti
n
g
it
to
wa
r
d
s
a
d
et
er
m
i
n
a
ti
o
n
o
f
cr
i
te
r
ia
th
at
f
a
cili
tat
e
t
h
e
c
lass
i
f
ic
ati
o
n
o
f
t
h
ese
i
n
LS
,
b
u
t
b
a
s
ed
o
n
t
h
ei
r
AP
an
d
,
e
n
c
o
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
t
er
m
s
t
h
at
all
o
w
a
b
ett
er
u
n
d
e
r
s
ta
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
is
a
ca
d
em
i
c
c
o
m
p
ete
n
ce
w
i
th
i
n
a
s
p
ec
i
f
i
c
n
o
n
-
f
ac
e
-
to
-
f
a
c
e,
v
i
r
t
u
al
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
ty
co
n
t
ex
t.
T
h
is
n
ee
d
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
p
ar
tic
u
l
ar
ly
u
r
g
en
t
in
r
es
p
o
n
s
e
t
o
co
n
t
em
p
o
r
a
r
y
e
d
u
c
ati
o
n
al
c
h
al
le
n
g
es
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
RE
VIE
W
T
h
e
H
o
n
e
y
-
Al
o
n
s
o
l
ea
r
n
in
g
s
ty
l
es
q
u
est
io
n
n
a
ir
e
(
C
HA
E
A)
was
c
r
ea
te
d
b
y
P
et
er
H
o
n
e
y
a
n
d
Al
a
n
Mu
m
f
o
r
d
a
n
d
l
at
er
m
o
d
if
i
e
d
b
y
Al
o
n
s
o
-
Ma
r
t
ín
et
a
l.
[
1
8
]
.
I
t c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
8
0
q
u
esti
o
n
s
t
h
a
t ju
d
g
e
a
n
i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
al
’
s
LS
b
ase
d
o
n
f
o
u
r
c
ate
g
o
r
ies:
a
cti
v
e
,
r
e
f
le
cti
v
e
,
t
h
eo
r
e
tic
al
,
a
n
d
p
r
a
g
m
a
tic
[
1
8
]
–
[
2
0
]
.
E
a
c
h
ca
t
eg
o
r
y
is
ass
ess
e
d
wit
h
2
0
q
u
esti
o
n
s
,
a
n
d
th
e
r
es
u
lts
a
r
e
i
n
t
er
p
r
et
e
d
b
as
ed
o
n
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
es
t s
co
r
es
i
n
ea
ch
.
I
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
als
wi
th
a
n
ac
ti
v
e
s
ty
l
e
(
AS
)
lea
r
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
o
in
g
,
w
h
e
r
e
as
r
e
f
l
ec
t
iv
e
lea
r
n
er
s
le
ar
n
b
y
o
b
s
e
r
v
i
n
g
an
d
r
e
f
le
cti
n
g
o
n
th
ei
r
ex
p
e
r
i
en
ce
s
.
T
h
e
o
r
is
ts
l
ea
r
n
b
y
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
an
d
i
n
g
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
al
p
r
in
ci
p
l
es
a
n
d
co
n
ce
p
ts
,
wh
e
r
e
as
p
r
a
g
m
atis
ts
le
ar
n
b
y
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
w
h
at
th
ey
h
a
v
e
le
ar
n
e
d
i
n
r
ea
l
-
li
f
e
s
it
u
at
io
n
s
[
1
8
]
–
[
2
0
]
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
t
o
n
o
te
t
h
at
LS
a
r
e
n
o
t
m
u
tu
all
y
e
x
cl
u
s
i
v
e
an
d
a
n
i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
al
m
a
y
ex
h
i
b
i
t
ch
ar
ac
te
r
is
t
ics
o
f
m
o
r
e
th
an
o
n
e
s
t
y
le
.
T
h
e
Ho
n
ey
-
Alo
n
s
o
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
h
as
b
ee
n
ap
p
lied
in
n
u
m
e
r
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
to
d
eter
m
in
e
LS
i
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
g
r
o
u
p
s
,
s
u
ch
as
co
lleg
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
[
1
9
]
–
[
2
1
]
,
n
u
r
s
in
g
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
[
1
8
]
,
an
d
m
ath
em
atics
s
tu
d
en
ts
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
is
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
h
as
also
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
in
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
r
esear
ch
to
as
s
ess
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
LS
o
v
er
tim
e
[
2
3
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
C
HAE
A
h
as
p
r
o
v
e
n
to
b
e
a
u
s
ef
u
l
to
o
l
f
o
r
id
e
n
tify
in
g
l
ea
r
n
in
g
p
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
an
d
h
elp
i
n
g
ed
u
ca
to
r
s
ad
a
p
t
th
eir
teac
h
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
to
m
ee
t stu
d
en
ts
'
lear
n
in
g
n
ee
d
s
.
T
h
e
s
tate
o
f
th
e
ar
t
in
d
icate
s
a
d
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
r
esu
lts
class
if
y
in
g
LS
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
er
e
wer
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
wh
er
e
th
e
th
eo
r
etica
l
an
d
p
r
ag
m
atic
s
ty
le
(
PS
)
em
er
g
ed
as
h
ig
h
ly
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
,
v
is
u
alizin
g
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
b
etwe
en
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ef
lectiv
e
s
ty
le
(
R
S)
[
2
4
]
an
d
,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
e
wer
e
s
im
ilar
i
ties
,
o
th
er
s
tu
d
ies
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
th
e
PS
in
h
er
en
t
t
o
s
tu
d
en
ts
with
th
e
ab
ilit
y
t
o
d
is
co
v
er
n
ew
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
lin
k
ed
t
o
th
e
cu
r
i
o
s
ity
to
d
is
co
v
er
n
e
w
m
eth
o
d
s
in
h
ea
lth
s
cien
ce
s
,
test
in
g
th
em
in
th
e
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
5
]
.
Fo
r
t
h
eir
p
ar
t,
Alo
n
s
o
-
Ma
r
tín
et
a
l.
[
18
]
an
al
y
ze
d
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
th
ese
s
ty
les,
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
th
at
th
e
least
p
r
ef
er
r
e
d
wer
e
th
e
p
r
a
g
m
atic,
th
eo
r
etica
l
an
d
AS
,
d
eter
m
in
in
g
a
d
i
r
ec
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
ese
s
ty
les
an
d
th
e
RS
.
W
h
at
is
in
ter
esti
n
g
ab
o
u
t
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
th
at
it
in
d
icate
d
th
e
r
elev
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
s
tu
d
y
o
f
LS
b
e
ca
u
s
e
th
ese
ar
e
d
y
n
am
ic
in
th
e
ac
ad
em
ic
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
ev
o
lv
in
g
o
v
er
tim
e.
Fro
m
th
is
p
e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
J
esú
s
et
a
l.
[
26
]
em
p
h
asized
th
at
LS
s
h
o
u
ld
n
o
t
b
e
in
d
u
ce
d
in
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
b
u
t
r
ath
e
r
th
ey
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
tau
g
h
t
s
tu
d
y
tech
n
iq
u
es
s
o
th
at
th
ey
ca
n
ad
ap
t
th
em
to
th
eir
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Lea
r
n
in
g
s
tyles a
n
d
a
ca
d
emic
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
:
a
co
r
r
ela
tio
n
a
l
s
tu
d
y
a
mo
n
g
… (
Ma
r
ib
el
C
á
r
d
en
a
s
Ya
u
r
i
)
3001
o
wn
s
ty
le
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
n
ew
s
k
ills
th
at
allo
w
th
em
to
ad
a
p
t
to
tr
ain
in
g
to
p
ics,
as
was
also
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
b
y
Ma
r
in
-
Su
ar
ez
an
d
Alar
co
n
[
27
].
Fro
m
th
is
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
Mo
lin
a‐
C
ab
ello
et
a
l.
[
28
]
test
ed
a
to
o
l
to
an
aly
ze
LS
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
teac
h
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
o
th
at
th
e
teac
h
er
c
o
u
ld
m
ak
e
ad
ju
s
tm
en
ts
to
h
is
teac
h
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
f
in
e
-
tu
n
i
n
g
th
e
co
n
ten
t
an
d
s
tr
ateg
ies
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
th
e
s
ty
le
d
etec
ted
in
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t,
also
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
th
e
e
v
o
lu
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
.
An
o
th
er
r
elev
an
t
asp
ec
t
is
th
at
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
ea
r
ly
o
n
wo
u
ld
allo
w
v
is
u
alizin
g
wh
ich
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ca
r
ee
r
s
tu
d
en
ts
wo
u
ld
p
r
ef
er
f
r
o
m
p
r
im
a
r
y
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
s
in
ce
th
er
e
is
alr
ea
d
y
ev
id
en
ce
th
at
s
o
m
e
s
ty
les
ar
e
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
ch
o
ice
o
f
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ca
r
ee
r
s
(
PS
)
an
d
with
o
th
er
s
o
f
s
e
co
n
d
ar
y
ed
u
ca
tio
n
(
r
ef
lectiv
e)
[
29
]
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
h
a
d
a
q
u
a
n
titativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
r
e
wer
e
7
4
s
tu
d
en
ts
b
elo
n
g
i
n
g
to
th
e
co
u
r
s
es
o
f
m
ec
h
an
ical
d
r
awin
g
I
,
I
I
,
an
d
s
tr
en
g
th
o
f
m
ater
ials
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
at
th
e
s
a
m
p
le
was
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
,
t
h
ir
d
an
d
f
if
th
c
y
cle
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
th
e
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
Me
ch
an
ical
an
d
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
Natio
n
al
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
L
im
a
So
u
th
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
was
co
n
d
itio
n
e
d
to
th
eir
willin
g
n
ess
to
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
at
is
,
in
ten
tio
n
al
s
am
p
lin
g
was u
s
ed
,
wh
ich
is
ju
s
tifie
d
b
y
r
esp
ec
t
f
o
r
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
'
d
ec
is
io
n
to
g
et
in
v
o
lv
e
d
in
th
e
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
ex
p
r
ess
ed
in
th
e
s
ig
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
ed
co
n
s
en
t
b
ef
o
r
e
an
s
wer
in
g
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es.
I
t
is
in
d
icate
d
th
at
in
itially
,
7
9
p
e
o
p
le
s
ig
n
ed
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
e
d
co
n
s
en
t,
h
o
wev
er
,
in
co
n
s
is
ten
cies
wer
e
d
etec
ted
in
th
e
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
es
o
f
5
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
(
i
n
c
o
m
p
lete
r
esp
o
n
s
es,
s
tr
an
g
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
p
atter
n
s
,
p
e
r
f
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
r
ep
etitio
n
s
)
.
F
o
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
o
n
ly
7
4
co
m
p
lete
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es
wer
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
.
T
h
e
s
am
p
le
s
ize
is
with
in
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
c
h
[
30
]
.
Fo
r
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
LS
,
th
e
d
ata
wer
e
co
llected
u
s
in
g
th
e
Ho
n
ey
-
Alo
n
s
o
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
[
31
]
ap
p
lied
in
p
er
s
o
n
d
u
r
in
g
class
s
ess
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
d
ata
wer
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
i
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
o
f
t
h
is
in
s
tr
u
m
en
t.
T
h
e
m
ar
k
s
o
b
tain
ed
in
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
b
jects
ev
alu
ated
co
n
s
titu
ted
th
e
d
ata
f
o
r
th
e
v
ar
iab
l
e
AP
,
wh
ich
wer
e
class
if
ied
as
ac
h
iev
em
en
t,
in
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
,
at
th
e
b
eg
in
n
i
n
g
[
32
]
.
Desp
ite
th
e
in
s
tr
u
m
en
t
b
ein
g
th
e
g
o
l
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
,
a
co
n
ten
t
v
alid
ity
p
r
o
ce
s
s
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
ex
p
e
r
t
ju
d
g
m
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
a
v
er
ag
e
V
-
Aik
en
v
alu
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
iv
e
v
alid
ato
r
s
f
o
r
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
item
s
was
0
.
8
7
0
,
wh
ich
r
e
v
ea
led
a
g
o
o
d
r
elia
b
ilit
y
g
r
ad
e.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t
’
s
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
a
p
ilo
t
s
am
p
le
o
f
2
2
s
tu
d
en
ts
f
r
o
m
an
o
th
er
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
was
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t,
o
b
tain
in
g
a
C
r
o
n
b
a
ch
’
s
a
lp
h
a
v
alu
e
o
f
0
.
9
4
0
,
in
d
icatin
g
h
ig
h
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
T
h
er
e
wer
e
t
h
r
ee
p
r
o
b
a
b
le
co
n
f
o
u
n
d
in
g
v
ar
iab
les
id
e
n
tifie
d
b
y
th
e
r
esear
ch
team
:
s
ex
,
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
i
n
ter
n
et
u
s
e,
an
d
av
e
r
ag
e
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
s
tu
d
y
.
T
o
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
th
es
e
v
ar
iab
les,
ad
d
itio
n
al
item
s
wer
e
in
clu
d
ed
th
at
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
th
em
.
T
h
is
led
to
a
n
aly
zin
g
th
e
d
ata
in
a
s
eg
r
e
g
ate
d
m
an
n
er
.
H
o
wev
er
,
n
o
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
was
id
en
tifie
d
in
th
e
r
esu
lts
,
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
t
h
e
g
lo
b
al
d
ata
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
th
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
LS
a
n
d
AP
,
u
s
in
g
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t
an
aly
s
is
,
wh
ich
al
lo
wed
to
s
eg
r
eg
ate
th
e
m
o
d
el
ed
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
LS
t
o
AP
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
in
t
er
m
s
o
f
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
c
o
ef
f
icie
n
ts
to
th
e
AP
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
ev
alu
ated
.
Fin
ally
,
a
s
tatis
t
ical
tes
t
o
f
h
ier
ar
ch
ical
c
lass
if
icatio
n
c
lu
s
ter
wa
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
.
T
h
is
test
wa
s
ap
p
lied
to
v
is
u
alize
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
LS
with
r
esp
e
ct
to
AP
an
d
to
e
x
p
lain
th
e
lin
k
s
b
etwe
en
th
em
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
4
.
1
.
Resul
t
s
I
n
th
e
cr
o
s
s
-
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
b
etwe
e
n
th
e
v
ar
ia
b
les
AP
an
d
LS
,
it
was
ev
id
en
t
th
at
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
wer
e
class
if
ied
co
r
r
ec
tly
.
Ho
wev
er
,
a
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
le
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
ass
e
s
s
ed
wer
e
n
o
t.
T
h
e
in
ter
esti
n
g
th
in
g
a
b
o
u
t
th
is
r
e
s
u
lt
is
th
at
th
e
class
if
icat
io
n
'
i
n
th
e
b
eg
i
n
n
in
g
'
(
o
f
th
e
v
ar
ia
b
le
AP
)
was
p
air
ed
with
th
e
'
h
ig
h
'
lev
el
o
f
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
LS
.
T
h
e
s
am
e
was
o
b
s
er
v
ed
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
lev
els
'
i
n
p
r
o
g
r
ess
'
(
also
o
f
th
e
v
ar
i
ab
le
AP
)
an
d
'
h
ig
h
'
o
f
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
LS
,
wh
ich
s
u
g
g
ests
lev
els
o
f
in
v
er
ted
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
.
I
n
th
is
c
o
n
tex
t,
th
e
C
h
i
2
d
ep
e
n
d
en
c
y
t
est
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t,
with
t
h
e
aim
o
f
d
ete
r
m
in
in
g
th
ese
lin
k
s
,
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
th
at
b
o
t
h
f
o
r
th
e
AS
,
p
r
ag
m
atic
an
d
th
e
s
am
e
v
ar
iab
le
LS
wer
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
to
th
e
test
,
r
ev
ea
lin
g
a
d
ep
en
d
en
cy
,
alth
o
u
g
h
in
v
er
ted
f
o
r
th
ese
f
ac
t
o
r
s
with
r
esp
ec
t to
AP
,
as seen
in
T
ab
le
1
.
W
ith
th
e
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
r
esu
lt
it
was
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
d
eter
m
in
e
wh
ich
o
f
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
h
ad
t
h
e
g
r
ea
test
im
p
ac
t
o
n
AP
,
as
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t
a
n
aly
s
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
d
eter
m
i
n
e
d
two
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
th
at
ex
p
lain
th
is
im
p
ac
t.
Pre
v
io
u
s
ly
,
th
e
W
ilk
s
L
am
b
d
a
an
aly
s
is
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
th
is
an
aly
s
is
i
s
c
o
n
s
is
ten
t
with
wh
at
is
in
ten
d
ed
to
b
e
r
ev
ea
led
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
b
tain
ed
(
λ
=0
.
4
9
8
)
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
d
is
cr
im
in
ates
co
n
s
id
er
ab
ly
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
th
e
to
tal
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
is
d
u
e
to
in
ter
g
r
o
u
p
d
i
f
f
er
en
c
es
an
d
n
o
t
to
th
o
s
e
p
r
esen
t
with
in
th
ese
d
ata
s
ets.
T
h
u
s
,
in
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
m
at
r
ix
it
was
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
t
h
e
v
a
r
iab
le
LS
was
m
o
r
e
clo
s
ely
lin
k
ed
to
f
u
n
ctio
n
1
,
b
ein
g
th
e
o
n
e
with
th
e
h
ig
h
est
co
ef
f
icien
t
v
alu
e,
o
b
s
er
v
i
n
g
a
co
r
r
elatio
n
with
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
AS
an
d
p
r
ag
m
atic
,
wh
ile
th
eo
r
etica
l
s
ty
le
(
T
S)
h
ad
m
o
r
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
with
f
u
n
ctio
n
2
,
wh
ich
d
id
n
o
t
ex
p
lain
th
is
s
ty
le
an
y
m
o
r
e,
an
d
t
o
a
less
er
ex
ten
t
with
RS
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
th
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
lack
s
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
to
d
is
cr
im
in
ate
th
e
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
th
at
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
2
9
9
9
-
3
0
0
8
3002
I
n
th
is
co
n
tex
t,
th
e
co
ef
f
icien
ts
o
f
th
e
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t
f
u
n
cti
o
n
in
f
u
n
ctio
n
1
r
e
v
ea
led
th
a
t
LS
h
av
e
g
r
ea
ter
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
th
an
th
e
r
e
s
t
o
f
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
t
h
e
class
if
icatio
n
will
b
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
to
war
d
s
th
e
h
ig
h
est
lev
el
o
f
th
e
AP
cla
s
s
if
icatio
n
(
h
ig
h
lev
el)
.
L
ik
ewise,
f
o
r
b
o
th
th
e
ac
tiv
e
an
d
th
eo
r
etica
l
s
ty
les,
th
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
is
n
o
t
as
s
ig
n
if
ican
t,
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
v
a
r
iab
le
th
at
g
r
o
u
p
s
th
ese
s
ty
les.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
th
e
p
r
ag
m
atic
an
d
r
ef
lectiv
e
s
ty
le
s
class
if
y
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
th
e
lo
we
r
lev
el
o
f
AP
(
lo
w
lev
el)
.
Fo
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
2
,
o
n
ly
th
e
ac
tiv
e,
th
eo
r
etica
l
an
d
,
to
a
less
er
ex
ten
t,
th
e
r
ef
lectiv
e
s
ty
les
allo
w
th
e
s
am
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
b
e
class
if
ied
p
o
s
itiv
ely
,
wh
ile
th
e
LS
v
ar
ia
b
le
an
d
t
h
e
PS
d
id
s
o
an
tag
o
n
is
tically
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
it
i
s
m
o
r
e
co
h
er
en
t
t
o
ad
o
p
t c
lass
if
icatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
1
,
in
s
tead
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
n
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
r
o
s
s
f
r
eq
u
en
cies a
n
d
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
C
h
i
test
2
b
etwe
en
AP
an
d
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
LS
wit
h
its
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
D
i
me
n
si
o
n
s
a
n
d
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
AP
C
h
i
-
sq
u
a
r
e
t
e
st
s
Le
v
e
l
s
B
e
g
i
n
n
i
n
g
I
n
p
r
o
g
r
e
ss
A
c
h
i
e
v
e
me
n
t
n
%
n
%
n
%
V
a
l
u
e
df
A
sy
mp
.
S
i
g
.
(
2
-
t
a
i
l
e
d
)
N
AS
Lo
w
4
5
.
7
11
1
5
.
7
0
0
.
0
1
8
,
6
9
2
4
0
.
0
0
1
70
H
a
l
f
19
2
7
.
1
8
1
1
.
4
9
1
2
.
9
H
i
g
h
12
1
7
.
1
2
2
.
9
5
7
.
1
RS
Lo
w
1
1
.
4
0
0
.
0
0
0
.
0
1
,
1
1
1
4
0
.
8
9
3
H
a
l
f
4
5
.
7
3
4
.
3
2
2
.
9
H
i
g
h
30
4
2
.
9
18
2
5
.
7
12
1
7
.
1
TS
Lo
w
0
0
.
0
0
0
.
0
0
0
.
0
0.
1
2
8
2
0
.
9
3
8
H
a
l
f
4
5
.
7
3
4
.
3
2
2
.
9
H
i
g
h
31
4
4
.
3
18
2
5
.
7
12
1
7
.
1
PS
Lo
w
1
1
.
4
3
4
.
3
0
0
.
0
1
1
,
9
4
4
4
0
.
0
1
8
H
a
l
f
11
1
5
.
7
11
1
5
.
7
2
2
.
9
H
i
g
h
23
3
2
.
9
7
1
0
.
0
12
1
7
.
1
LS
Lo
w
1
1
.
4
0
0
.
0
0
0
.
0
3
5
,
4
7
7
4
0
.
0
0
0
H
a
l
f
9
1
2
.
9
19
2
7
.
1
0
0
.
0
H
i
g
h
25
3
5
.
7
2
2
.
9
14
2
0
.
0
T
ab
le
2
.
Dis
cr
im
in
an
t f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
m
atr
ix
a
n
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
ca
n
o
n
ical
d
is
cr
i
m
in
an
t f
u
n
ctio
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
f
o
r
t
h
e
v
ar
ia
b
le
AP
h
av
in
g
as p
r
e
d
icto
r
th
e
v
ar
ia
b
le
LS
with
its
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
F
a
c
t
o
r
s
M
a
t
r
i
x
o
f
st
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
s
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
z
e
d
c
a
n
o
n
i
c
a
l
d
i
s
c
r
i
m
i
n
a
n
t
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
c
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
s
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
1
2
1
2
LS
0.
8
5
6
*
0
.
0
5
7
1
.
1
3
6
-
0
.
5
4
5
AS
0.
5
4
9
*
0
.
4
8
3
0
.
1
3
8
0
.
9
4
0
PS
0.
4
3
4
*
-
0
.
0
2
6
-
0
.
1
1
8
-
0
.
1
3
7
TS
0
.
0
1
4
0.
5
3
9
*
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
8
4
1
RS
-
0
.
0
0
4
0.
2
5
1
*
-
0
.
5
4
9
0
.
4
7
9
Te
st
o
f
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
1
t
o
2
:
W
i
l
k
s
’
La
m
b
d
a
=
0
.
4
9
8
;
C
h
i
2
=
4
2
.
4
9
5
;
g
l
=
1
0
;
S
i
g
=
0
.
0
0
<
0
.
0
5
.
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
2
:
W
i
l
k
s
La
mb
d
a
=
0
.
9
7
0
;
C
h
i
2
=
1
.
8
8
8
;
g
l
=
4
;
0
.
7
5
6
>
0
.
0
5
.
P
o
o
l
e
d
w
i
t
h
i
n
-
g
r
o
u
p
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s
a
n
d
s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
z
e
d
c
a
n
o
n
i
c
a
l
d
i
scr
i
mi
n
a
n
t
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
.
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s
o
r
d
e
r
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
a
b
s
o
l
u
t
e
s
i
z
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
i
n
t
h
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
.
*
.
Th
e
h
i
g
h
e
st
a
b
s
o
l
u
t
e
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
e
a
c
h
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
a
n
d
a
n
y
d
i
scr
i
mi
n
a
n
t
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
t
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
c
o
ef
f
icien
ts
o
f
th
e
class
if
icatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
llo
wed
to
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
LS
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
AP
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
u
s
,
it
was
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
th
at
it
was
th
e
TS
th
at
h
ad
th
e
g
r
ea
te
s
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
in
th
e
th
r
ee
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
AP
,
also
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
th
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est
ab
s
o
lu
te
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
s
tan
t
wa
s
s
ee
n
in
th
e
'
At
th
e
b
e
g
in
n
in
g
'
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
th
is
v
ar
iab
le.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
f
o
r
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
,
it
is
r
elev
an
t
to
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
at
th
e
id
ea
l
co
n
d
itio
n
is
a
ch
iev
em
en
t,
f
o
r
wh
ic
h
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
co
u
ld
b
e
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
with
th
e
co
m
b
in
ed
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
o
f
ea
ch
s
ty
le
(
1
)
,
h
o
wev
er
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
th
e
lar
g
est
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
wer
e
lo
ca
ted
in
th
e
'
I
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
'
le
v
el,
a
m
o
d
el
(
2
)
is
also
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
s
tan
t
was
th
e
lo
west
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
th
r
ee
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
lev
els.
T
h
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
is
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
r
esu
l
t
o
f
th
e
clu
s
ter
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
is
cr
i
m
in
an
t
class
if
icatio
n
p
r
o
d
u
ct
o
f
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
o
n
l
y
two
r
esu
ltin
g
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
in
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
an
aly
s
is
,
o
b
s
er
v
i
n
g
t
h
at
th
e
lev
els
o
f
AP
th
at
p
r
esen
ted
th
e
b
est
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
wer
e
'
ac
h
iev
e
m
en
t'
an
d
'in
p
r
o
ce
s
s
'
th
at
h
ad
a
g
r
ea
ter
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
ata
g
r
o
u
p
ed
clo
s
e
to
th
eir
g
r
o
u
p
ce
n
tr
o
id
s
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast
to
th
e
lev
el
'
in
b
eg
in
n
in
g
'
th
at
p
r
esen
ted
a
lo
t
o
f
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
it
s
ce
n
tr
o
id
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
th
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
is
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
AP
wo
u
ld
n
o
t
n
ec
ess
ar
ily
b
e
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
l
ea
r
n
in
g
s
ty
le,
wh
ic
h
wo
u
ld
g
iv
e
s
p
ac
e
to
a
d
ee
p
er
an
al
y
s
is
in
th
is
r
eg
ar
d
in
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
c
h
,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Lea
r
n
in
g
s
tyles a
n
d
a
ca
d
emic
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
:
a
co
r
r
ela
tio
n
a
l
s
tu
d
y
a
mo
n
g
… (
Ma
r
ib
el
C
á
r
d
en
a
s
Ya
u
r
i
)
3003
T
ab
le
3
.
Fis
h
er
class
if
icatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
c
o
ef
f
icien
ts
f
o
r
th
e
lev
els o
f
AP
b
ased
o
n
th
e
LS
o
f
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
LS
AP
B
e
g
i
n
n
i
n
g
I
n
p
r
o
g
r
e
ss
A
c
h
i
e
v
e
me
n
t
AS
8
.
6
6
1
7
.
9
4
1
8
.
2
0
0
RS
1
7
.
3
4
4
1
9
.
3
9
2
1
5
.
5
6
6
TS
3
1
.
1
2
1
3
0
.
4
7
4
3
0
.
0
0
6
PS
0
.
9
2
0
1
.
3
2
4
0
.
8
4
4
(
C
o
n
st
a
n
t
)
-
8
2
.
1
3
3
-
7
5
.
4
4
0
-
8
1
.
1
7
3
F
i
sh
e
r
l
i
n
e
a
r
d
i
s
c
r
i
m
i
n
a
n
t
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
els
ar
e
in
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
:
[
ℎ
]
=
−
81
.
17
+
8
.
20
+
15
.
57
+
30
.
01
+
0
.
84
(
1
)
[
]
=
−
75
.
44
+
7
.
94
+
19
.
39
+
30
.
47
+
1
.
32
(
2)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
an
o
n
ical
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t f
u
n
ctio
n
s
f
o
r
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
th
e
lev
els o
f
AP
o
f
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
ev
alu
ated
Fin
ally
,
with
th
e
s
o
le
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
p
r
o
v
i
d
in
g
th
e
cl
o
s
est
ap
p
r
o
x
im
atio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
LS
t
h
at
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
AP
o
f
th
ese
ev
alu
ated
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
a
h
ier
ar
ch
ical
class
if
icati
o
n
d
en
d
r
o
g
r
am
was
cr
ea
ted
u
s
in
g
ag
g
lo
m
e
r
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
s
(
clu
s
ter
s
)
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
E
u
clid
ea
n
d
is
tan
ce
s
,
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
th
at
th
e
s
m
allest
d
is
tan
ce
was
b
etwe
en
th
e
r
ef
lectiv
e
s
ty
le
(
R
ef
lectiv
e_
S)
an
d
th
e
th
e
o
r
etica
l sty
le
(
T
h
eo
r
etica
l_
S)
,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
It
f
o
r
m
ed
a
f
ir
s
t
clu
s
ter
,
b
ein
g
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
class
if
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t
an
al
y
s
is
v
is
u
alize
d
in
th
e
Fis
h
er
class
if
icatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
co
e
f
f
ici
en
ts
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
3
,
wh
er
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est
v
alu
es
wer
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
th
ese
two
LS
.
I
n
th
at
o
r
d
er
o
f
class
if
icat
io
n
,
th
e
p
r
ag
m
atic
s
ty
le
(
Pra
g
m
atic_
S)
was
th
e
n
ex
t
s
ty
le
t
h
at
ca
m
e
clo
s
est
to
th
e
f
ir
s
t two
.
T
h
e
ac
tiv
e
s
ty
le
(
Activ
e_
S)
was seen
to
b
e
m
u
ch
f
u
r
th
er
awa
y
.
Fro
m
th
is
it f
o
llo
ws th
at
it wo
u
ld
b
e
a
g
o
o
d
s
tr
ateg
y
to
s
tr
en
g
t
h
en
th
e
r
ef
lectiv
e
an
d
th
e
o
r
etica
l
s
ty
les
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
lev
el
o
f
AP
in
th
is
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
2
9
9
9
-
3
0
0
8
3004
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Hier
ar
c
h
ical
class
if
icatio
n
d
en
d
r
o
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
LS
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
ev
alu
ated
*
E
u
clid
ea
n
d
is
tan
ce
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
u
s
in
g
a
v
er
ag
e
lin
k
s
b
et
wee
n
g
r
o
u
p
s
4
.
2
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
th
at
s
o
u
g
h
t
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
r
el
atio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
two
v
ar
iab
les an
a
ly
ze
d
[
1
3
]
–
[
1
5
]
; h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
o
th
er
a
n
aly
s
is
o
p
tio
n
s
th
at
allo
w
v
is
u
alizin
g
th
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
o
f
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
s
ty
les
to
AP
,
as
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
o
t
h
er
r
esear
ch
er
s
[
33
]
,
[
34
]
.
T
h
is
ty
p
e
o
f
an
aly
s
is
o
p
en
s
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
d
el
v
in
g
i
n
to
o
t
h
er
m
eth
o
d
s
th
at
wo
u
ld
b
etter
clar
if
y
th
e
lin
k
s
an
d
ex
p
lain
aty
p
ical
s
tu
d
en
t
b
eh
av
i
o
r
[
35
]
,
[
36
]
,
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
to
o
ls
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
g
r
ea
ter
d
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
o
p
tio
n
s
f
o
r
lear
n
in
g
,
esp
ec
ia
lly
af
ter
th
e
p
a
n
d
em
ic
wh
e
r
e
th
eir
u
s
e
b
ec
am
e
wid
esp
r
ea
d
.
C
u
r
r
en
tly
,
th
ey
a
r
e
a
co
n
s
titu
en
t p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
AP
,
it
was
r
e
p
o
r
ted
th
at
it
is
in
a
n
i
n
ter
m
ed
iate
ca
teg
o
r
y
,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
tr
en
d
was
n
eg
ativ
e
,
a
s
itu
atio
n
th
at
is
co
n
s
i
s
ten
t
w
ith
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
r
ea
lity
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
in
g
s
h
o
u
ld
n
o
t
b
e
lin
k
ed
o
n
ly
to
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
,
wh
ich
,
in
ev
o
lu
tio
n
ar
y
ter
m
s
,
co
u
ld
b
e
attr
ib
u
ted
to
a
h
y
b
r
id
tr
ain
i
n
g
(
r
em
o
te
-
f
ac
e
-
to
-
f
ac
e)
th
at
co
u
l
d
c
o
n
d
itio
n
le
ar
n
in
g
[
37
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
p
r
o
b
ab
ly
ju
s
tify
th
ese
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
lev
els
o
f
AP
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
i
n
g
s
tag
es,
b
u
t
s
h
o
u
ld
also
q
u
esti
o
n
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
p
r
ev
ailin
g
in
th
e
c
o
u
n
t
r
y
[
38
]
,
tak
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
ch
allen
g
e
o
f
d
e
s
ig
n
in
g
n
ew
m
o
d
alities
o
f
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
co
m
p
eten
cies
with
o
u
t
r
eso
r
tin
g
to
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
m
em
o
r
izatio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
th
at
p
r
e
v
ail
in
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
o
f
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
ca
ll
in
to
q
u
esti
o
n
th
e
n
o
tio
n
th
at
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
LS
ca
n
d
ir
ec
tly
in
f
l
u
en
ce
AP
.
I
t
is
cr
u
cial
to
k
ee
p
in
m
in
d
th
at
th
er
e
a
r
e
o
th
er
elem
en
ts
an
d
v
ar
ia
b
les
th
at
ca
n
im
p
ac
t
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
’
AP
an
d
th
at
co
u
ld
b
e
th
e
tar
g
et
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
.
At
th
is
tim
e,
it
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
s
tar
t
th
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
elev
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
LS
as
a
d
ir
ec
t
ca
u
s
e
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Per
h
ap
s
it
is
tim
e
to
talk
a
b
o
u
t
th
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
s
ty
les
an
d
g
r
o
u
p
th
em
with
n
ew
n
o
m
en
clatu
r
es
[
2
]
,
s
in
ce
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
ev
id
en
c
e
o
f
th
e
in
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
ty
les
f
o
r
lear
n
in
g
b
u
t
r
at
h
er
em
p
h
a
s
izes
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
u
s
in
g
to
o
ls
th
at
wo
u
ld
f
ac
ilit
ate
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
l
lear
n
in
g
in
s
tu
d
en
ts
[
18
]
,
[
26
]
,
a
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
th
at
c
o
u
ld
o
p
en
a
n
ew
p
an
o
r
am
a
o
f
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
c
u
r
r
ic
u
lar
r
estru
ctu
r
in
g
.
Ar
g
u
in
g
t
h
e
r
esu
lts
,
th
e
AP
o
f
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
is
af
f
e
cted
b
y
s
ev
er
al
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
a
r
e
n
o
t
o
n
ly
lin
k
ed
to
LS
.
T
h
ese
i
n
clu
d
e
ac
ad
em
ic
a
n
d
s
o
cial
in
te
g
r
atio
n
,
p
e
r
ce
iv
ed
ac
a
d
em
ic
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
s
elf
-
im
a
g
e,
lead
er
s
h
ip
s
ty
les,
p
er
s
o
n
ality
tr
aits
[
39
]
,
s
o
cial,
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
an
d
ac
ad
e
m
ic
f
ac
to
r
s
[
40
]
,
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
f
ac
to
r
s
,
p
s
y
ch
o
s
o
cial
f
ac
to
r
s
,
a
n
d
life
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
an
d
s
elf
-
esteem
[
1
5
]
,
[
41
]
–
[
43
]
.
L
ik
ewise,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
th
a
t
ac
ad
em
ic
an
d
s
o
cial
in
te
g
r
atio
n
ar
e
k
ey
d
ete
r
m
in
an
ts
in
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
an
d
p
er
m
an
e
n
ce
o
f
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
[
44
]
.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
th
ese
ca
n
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tly
p
r
ed
ict
t
h
e
g
r
ad
e
p
o
in
t
av
er
ag
e,
th
ey
d
o
p
r
e
d
ict
th
e
i
n
ten
tio
n
to
p
er
s
is
t,
wh
ich
in
d
icate
s
th
eir
in
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
n
AP
.
Un
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
th
es
e
f
ac
to
r
s
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
an
d
p
er
s
is
ten
ce
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
h
i
g
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
Res
c
a
le
d
Dis
t
a
n
c
e
Cl
u
s
t
e
r
Co
m
b
i
n
a
t
io
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Lea
r
n
in
g
s
tyles a
n
d
a
ca
d
emic
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
:
a
co
r
r
ela
tio
n
a
l
s
tu
d
y
a
mo
n
g
… (
Ma
r
ib
el
C
á
r
d
en
a
s
Ya
u
r
i
)
3005
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
th
at
p
er
ce
i
v
ed
ac
ad
em
ic
co
n
t
r
o
l
h
as
a
s
tr
o
n
g
er
im
p
ac
t
o
n
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
g
r
ad
e
p
o
in
t
av
er
ag
es
th
an
th
e
p
r
ed
is
p
o
s
it
io
n
to
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
[
45
]
.
T
h
is
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
b
elief
s
ab
o
u
t
th
eir
co
n
tr
o
l
o
v
e
r
ac
ad
em
ic
o
u
tc
o
m
es
p
lay
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
th
eir
AP
an
d
leav
es
o
p
en
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
th
at
it
ca
n
b
e
m
o
d
u
lated
b
y
em
p
l
o
y
in
g
s
tr
a
teg
ies
th
at
ac
co
m
p
an
y
d
id
ac
tics
in
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ac
ad
em
ic
in
ter
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
s
elf
-
c
o
n
ce
p
t
c
o
u
ld
b
e
a
g
o
o
d
s
tar
tin
g
p
o
in
t,
d
u
e
to
th
e
ev
id
en
ce
as
a
m
ed
iato
r
b
etwe
en
r
esil
ien
ce
an
d
AP
[
46
]
,
h
a
v
in
g
it
as
a
b
asis
f
o
r
an
aly
zin
g
th
eir
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
ity
tr
aits
as
a
lev
er
th
at
s
tr
en
g
th
en
s
AP
[
40
]
.
H
o
wev
er
,
th
is
wo
u
ld
im
p
ly
th
at
teac
h
er
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
tr
ai
n
ed
in
h
an
d
lin
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
an
d
/o
r
s
tr
ateg
ies th
at
g
o
b
ey
o
n
d
d
id
ac
tics
an
d
e
x
p
lo
r
e
th
e
ter
r
ain
o
f
p
s
y
ch
o
p
ed
ag
o
g
y
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tly
lin
k
e
d
,
it
is
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
m
en
tio
n
t
h
at,
f
r
o
m
a
n
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
al
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
co
n
s
titu
te
u
n
its
wh
er
e
th
e
ac
tio
n
s
o
f
o
f
f
icials
an
d
au
t
h
o
r
ities
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
ac
ad
em
ic
lear
n
i
n
g
m
o
d
els
o
f
th
eir
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
h
a
v
in
g
s
cien
tific
ev
id
en
ce
to
ass
er
t
th
at
lead
er
s
h
ip
s
ty
les
an
d
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
cu
ltu
r
e
also
af
f
ec
t
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
teac
h
er
s
with
in
th
ese
en
titi
es
[
47
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
if
ch
an
g
es
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
at
ar
e
o
r
ien
ted
to
war
d
s
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
s
tu
d
en
t
AP
,
it
is
ess
en
tia
l
to
in
v
o
lv
e
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
al
cu
ltu
r
e
as
a
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
ch
a
n
g
e.
Of
co
u
r
s
e,
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
an
d
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
to
f
o
llo
w
a
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
ac
ad
em
y
,
h
o
wev
er
,
th
ese
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
an
aly
ze
d
in
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
tu
d
ies later
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
c
o
n
clu
s
io
n
,
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
r
e
v
ea
led
th
at
t
h
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
wer
e
class
if
ied
as b
ein
g
i
n
a
ce
n
tr
al
lev
el
o
f
AP
(
‘
I
n
p
r
o
g
r
ess
’
)
,
al
th
o
u
g
h
th
e
ten
d
e
n
cy
was
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
lo
west
lev
el
(
‘
in
itiatio
n
’
)
.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
LS
,
‘
r
ef
lectiv
e
’
,
‘
th
e
o
r
etica
l
’
an
d
‘
p
r
ag
m
atic
’
s
h
o
wed
lev
els
o
f
‘
h
ig
h
’
with
a
ten
d
en
c
y
to
war
d
s
‘
m
ed
iu
m
’
.
On
ly
th
e
‘
ac
tiv
e
’
s
ty
le
s
h
o
wed
a
h
i
g
h
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
at
t
h
e
‘
m
ed
iu
m
’
lev
el
with
a
te
n
d
en
c
y
to
wa
r
d
s
th
e
‘
h
ig
h
’
lev
el.
T
h
is
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
LS
ar
e
n
o
t
clea
r
ly
d
ef
i
n
ed
in
t
h
is
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
b
ei
n
g
s
o
m
e
wh
er
e
b
etwe
en
th
e
‘
m
ed
iu
m
’
an
d
‘
h
ig
h
’
lev
els.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
AP
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
was
m
o
s
tly
class
i
f
ied
as
b
ein
g
in
th
e
‘
lo
w
lev
el
’
f
o
r
th
e
‘
p
r
ag
m
atic
’
an
d
‘
r
ef
lectiv
e
’
LS
.
T
h
e
‘
th
eo
r
etica
l
’
s
ty
le
was
th
e
o
n
e
t
h
at
h
ad
t
h
e
g
r
e
atest
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
th
e
class
if
icatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
f
o
r
th
e
t
h
r
ee
lev
els
o
f
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
’
AP
,
alth
o
u
g
h
it
was
m
u
ch
g
r
ea
ter
in
th
e
lo
wer
co
n
d
itio
n
(
‘
in
itiatio
n
’
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
)
.
I
n
th
is
way
,
in
o
r
d
er
o
f
r
ele
v
an
ce
o
f
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
,
th
e
s
ty
les
wer
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
as:
‘
th
eo
r
etica
l
’
,
‘
r
e
f
lectiv
e
’
,
‘
a
ctiv
e
’
an
d
‘
p
r
ag
m
atic
’
,
w
h
ich
was
th
e
o
n
e
th
at
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
t
h
e
least
to
AP
.
F
in
ally
,
in
g
en
er
al
ter
m
s
,
th
e
‘
t
h
eo
r
etica
l
’
an
d
‘
r
ef
lectiv
e
’
LS
wer
e
s
h
o
wn
to
b
e
m
o
r
e
s
im
ilar
in
t
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
ese
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
s
h
o
win
g
a
b
etter
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
‘
in
p
r
o
ce
s
s
’
an
d
‘
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
’
lev
els
f
o
r
AP
.
T
h
e
‘
s
tar
tin
g
’
lev
el
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
was
v
er
y
d
if
f
u
s
e
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
ev
alu
ated
,
wh
ich
d
id
n
o
t
allo
w
it
to
b
e
r
eliab
ly
ass
o
ciate
d
with
an
y
LS
;
h
o
wev
er
,
it
is
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
d
t
h
at
it
s
h
o
u
ld
n
o
t
b
e
d
is
m
is
s
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
it
co
n
s
titu
tes
an
im
p
o
r
t
an
t
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
w
h
o
,
m
o
s
t
lik
ely
,
r
eq
u
ir
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
u
p
p
o
r
t f
r
o
m
th
e
ass
ig
n
ed
teac
h
in
g
s
taf
f
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
was f
u
n
d
ed
with
t
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
’
o
wn
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
iv
id
u
al
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
Ma
r
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C
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d
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Yau
r
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✓
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J
o
r
g
e
Au
g
u
s
to
Sán
c
h
ez
Ay
te
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✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
J
ac
in
to
J
o
aq
u
ín
Ver
tiz
Oso
r
es
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Z
an
h
y
L
e
o
n
o
r
Vale
n
cia
R
ey
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C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
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n
M
:
M
e
t
h
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d
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So
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So
f
t
w
a
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Va
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Va
l
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Fo
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Fo
r
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a
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I
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Fu
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
2
9
9
9
-
3
0
0
8
3006
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
E
R
E
S
T
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
th
at
th
e
r
e
ar
e
n
o
c
o
n
f
licts
o
f
in
ter
est.
I
NF
O
RM
E
D
CO
NS
E
N
T
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
th
at
th
e
s
tu
d
y
d
i
d
n
o
t i
n
v
o
l
v
e
h
u
m
an
p
a
r
ticip
an
ts
.
E
T
H
I
CAL AP
P
RO
V
AL
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
th
at
th
e
s
tu
d
y
d
i
d
n
o
t i
n
v
o
l
v
e
h
u
m
an
o
r
an
im
al
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
T
h
e
d
ata
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
a
r
e
av
ailab
l
e
u
p
o
n
r
eq
u
est
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
au
th
o
r
[
JA
S
A
].
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
F
.
S
h
i
r
a
z
i
a
n
d
S
.
H
e
i
d
a
r
i
,
“
T
h
e
R
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
B
e
t
w
e
e
n
C
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
Th
i
n
k
i
n
g
S
k
i
l
l
s a
n
d
Le
a
r
n
i
n
g
S
t
y
l
e
s
a
n
d
A
c
a
d
e
m
i
c
A
c
h
i
e
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
N
u
r
si
n
g
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
s,
”
J
o
u
rn
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[
2
]
B
.
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.
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[
3
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[
4
]
H
.
R
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o
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m,
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T.
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sari
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P
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Le
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C
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V
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c
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P
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4
0
.
[
5
]
A
.
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d
A
.
R
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M
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M
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BAH
T
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J
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9
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0
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[
6
]
F
.
A
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M
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F
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d
,
E
.
S
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U
.
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.
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L
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O
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Le
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V
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D
-
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9
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k
:
H
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h
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T
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c
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s
TPA
C
K
S
k
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l
s
?
”
I
n
t
e
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n
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t
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n
a
l
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o
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2
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3
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8
a
.
[
7
]
N
.
İ
l
ç
i
n
,
M
.
T
o
mr
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k
,
S
.
S
.
Y
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,
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.
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k
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.
S
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ı
,
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T
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sh
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c
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H
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s
,
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BM
C
Me
d
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E
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2.
[
8
]
N
.
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sma
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d
M
.
I
.
H
a
mz
a
h
,
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I
mp
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o
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I
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l
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me
n
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n
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B
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e
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d
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d
L
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s’
I
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t
a
n
d
M
o
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v
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t
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o
n
,
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U
n
i
v
e
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Jo
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n
a
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R
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,
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2
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0
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0
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4
2
.
[
9
]
B
.
W
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l
l
i
a
ms
,
T.
B
r
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w
n
,
a
n
d
J.
Et
h
e
r
i
n
g
t
o
n
,
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Le
a
r
n
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g
st
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l
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r
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f
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d
e
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d
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t
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h
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ma
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y
st
u
d
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n
t
s
,
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C
u
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t
s
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n
Ph
a
rm
a
c
y
T
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c
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[
1
0
]
N
.
Y
a
n
a
,
H
.
A
d
c
o
,
L
.
P
u
ñ
o
,
M
.
Y
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n
a
,
R
.
A
l
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n
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a
,
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n
d
R
.
La
g
o
s,
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T
e
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c
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d
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c
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d
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si
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y
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d
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t
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,
”
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v
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E
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.
[
1
1
]
T.
A
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f
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s
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n
d
D
.
S
.
S
o
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h
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a
,
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R
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T
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c
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(
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.
[
1
2
]
A
.
C
.
D
a
l
m
o
l
i
n
,
G
.
A
.
O
.
M
a
c
k
e
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v
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c
z
,
M
.
T.
P
o
c
h
a
p
s
k
i
,
G
.
L
.
P
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l
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t
t
i
,
a
n
d
F
.
A
.
S
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n
t
o
s
,
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Le
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v
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st
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O
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7
-
2
5
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7
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0
5
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1
8
.
[
1
3
]
O
.
N
.
C
e
c
i
l
i
a
,
B
.
U
.
C
o
r
n
e
l
i
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s
-
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k
p
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p
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,
E.
A
.
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d
o
h
o
,
a
n
d
E.
O
.
R
i
c
h
a
r
d
,
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e
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f
l
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c
e
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f
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p
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d
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R
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9
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3
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.
[
1
4
]
J.
L
.
D
o
b
s
o
n
,
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A
c
o
mp
a
r
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c
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n
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sex
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t
a
t
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s,
a
n
d
c
o
u
r
se
p
e
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e
,
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Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
i
n
Ph
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v
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l
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[
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ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
c
a
rd
e
n
a
sy
a
u
ri@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
J
o
r
g
e
Au
g
u
sto
S
á
n
c
h
e
z
Ay
te
is
a
m
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
fr
o
m
th
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(UN
I)
with
a
m
a
ste
r’s d
e
g
re
e
in
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
S
c
ien
c
e
s with
a
m
a
jo
r
i
n
Un
iv
e
rsity
Tea
c
h
in
g
,
a
s
we
ll
a
s
a
d
i
p
l
o
m
a
in
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
s
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
fr
o
m
P
UCP.
He
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
wo
r
k
s
a
s
a
u
n
i
v
e
rsity
p
ro
fe
ss
o
r
a
t
t
h
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Li
m
a
S
u
r
(UN
TE
LS
),
in
t
h
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
si
n
c
e
2
0
1
7
,
a
n
d
is
re
c
o
g
n
ize
d
f
o
r
h
is
re
g
istrat
io
n
a
s
a
n
in
v
e
n
to
r
a
t
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n
d
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c
o
p
i.
I
n
a
d
d
i
ti
o
n
,
h
e
wo
rk
s
a
s
h
e
a
d
o
f
th
e
Th
e
rm
o
d
y
n
a
m
ics
,
S
tatics
a
n
d
D
y
n
a
m
ics
Lab
o
ra
to
r
y
a
t
th
e
sa
m
e
i
n
stit
u
t
io
n
.
His
p
ro
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
c
a
re
e
r
in
c
lu
d
e
s p
o
siti
o
n
s a
s a
n
e
lec
tro
m
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
sp
e
c
ialist
in
v
a
rio
u
s c
o
m
p
a
n
ies
,
with
a
fo
c
u
s
o
n
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
a
n
d
a
ir
c
o
n
d
it
io
n
in
g
.
In
th
e
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
field
,
h
e
h
a
s
m
a
d
e
c
o
n
tri
b
u
ti
o
n
s
i
n
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
p
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
e
sp
e
c
ially
o
n
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
jsa
n
c
h
e
z
@u
n
t
e
ls.ed
u
.
p
e
.
J
a
c
in
t
o
J
o
a
q
u
ín
Ve
r
tiz
O
so
r
e
s
is
a
b
io
l
o
g
ist
-
m
icro
b
io
lo
g
i
st
-
p
a
ra
sito
lo
g
ist,
m
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
su
sta
in
a
b
le
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
,
m
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
m
icro
b
i
o
lo
g
y
,
d
o
c
to
ra
te
in
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
sc
ien
c
e
s
a
n
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
ies
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
lete
d
d
o
c
to
ra
l
st
u
d
ies
in
a
d
m
i
n
istratio
n
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t.
S
e
n
io
r
p
ro
fe
s
so
r
a
n
d
Re
n
a
c
y
t
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
(Re
g
istratio
n
c
o
d
e
:
P
0
0
1
6
4
5
3
)
a
t
th
e
p
r
o
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
sc
h
o
o
l
o
f
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
th
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
i
v
e
rsit
y
o
f
Li
m
a
S
o
u
t
h
(UN
TE
LS
).
He
d
e
v
e
lo
p
s
li
n
e
s
o
f
re
se
a
rc
h
li
n
k
e
d
t
o
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
i
n
h
ig
h
e
r
u
n
i
v
e
rsity
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
p
e
o
p
le’s
h
e
a
lt
h
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
jv
e
rti
z
@u
n
tels.e
d
u
.
p
e
.
Za
n
h
y
Le
o
n
o
r
Va
lencia
Re
y
e
s
is
a
n
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
fr
o
m
t
h
e
Jo
rg
e
Ba
sa
d
re
G
ro
h
m
a
n
n
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
(
P
e
ru
).
M
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
t
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ja
é
n
(S
p
a
in
)
.
Do
c
to
ra
l
t
h
e
sis
c
o
m
p
lete
d
a
t
th
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
Ag
ra
rian
I
n
n
o
v
a
t
io
n
(P
e
ru
)
.
G
ra
d
u
a
ted
fro
m
th
e
m
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
En
v
i
ro
n
m
e
n
tal
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
S
u
sta
in
a
b
le
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t,
E
n
ri
q
u
e
G
u
z
m
á
n
y
Va
ll
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
r
sity
o
f
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
(P
e
r
u
).
P
o
stg
ra
d
u
a
te
d
ip
l
o
m
a
in
P
lan
n
in
g
,
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
P
r
o
jec
ts
a
n
d
P
o
li
c
ies
in
Di
g
it
a
l
Co
n
tex
ts,
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Q
u
il
m
e
s
(Arg
e
n
ti
n
a
).
S
h
e
is
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
a
t
th
e
Un
i
v
e
rsid
a
d
Na
c
io
n
a
l
M
a
y
o
r
d
e
S
a
n
M
a
rc
o
s
a
n
d
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsid
a
d
Na
c
io
n
a
l
Tec
n
o
ló
g
i
c
a
d
e
Li
m
a
S
u
r
(UN
TE
L
S
).
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
z
v
a
len
c
iar@u
n
m
sm
.
e
d
u
.
p
e
.
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