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I
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8708
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3813
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Dep
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1.
I
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RO
D
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I
O
N
Milli
m
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w
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(
m
m
W
av
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)
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
a
n
d
s
ar
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a
p
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o
m
is
i
n
g
ca
n
d
id
ate
f
o
r
f
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tu
r
e
w
ir
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s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
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s
y
s
te
m
s
d
u
e
to
th
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v
a
s
t
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
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an
d
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
u
l
tr
a
-
h
ig
h
d
ata
r
ates
[
1
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
m
m
W
a
v
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
p
r
esen
t
ch
allen
g
es
s
u
ch
as
h
i
g
h
p
ath
lo
s
s
an
d
m
u
l
tip
ath
f
ad
in
g
[
2
]
.
Or
th
o
g
o
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
-
d
i
v
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
le
x
in
g
(
OFDM
)
m
o
d
u
latio
n
f
o
r
m
at
is
a
k
e
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
m
iti
g
ati
n
g
th
e
s
e
c
h
alle
n
g
e
s
.
B
y
d
i
v
id
in
g
t
h
e
w
id
eb
an
d
c
h
an
n
el
i
n
to
n
ar
r
o
w
s
u
b
ca
r
r
ier
s
,
OFDM
o
f
f
er
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
3
8
1
3
-
3823
3814
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
ag
ai
n
s
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
-
s
elec
ti
v
e
f
ad
i
n
g
i
n
m
m
W
a
v
e
ch
an
n
el
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
OFDM
r
e
m
ain
s
a
r
esear
c
h
f
o
cu
s
f
o
r
5
G
an
d
b
ey
o
n
d
d
u
e
to
its
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
[
3
]
,
[
4
]
,
an
d
it
is
alr
ea
d
y
a
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
f
o
r
m
at
f
o
r
d
ig
ital
v
id
eo
b
r
o
a
d
ca
s
tin
g
(
DVB
)
[
5
]
an
d
w
ir
eless
lo
ca
l
ar
ea
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
(
W
L
A
N
)
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
O
FDM
ar
e
its
s
i
m
p
le
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
an
d
its
ab
ilit
y
to
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
r
ed
u
ce
in
ter
s
y
m
b
o
l
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
(
I
SI)
,
esp
ec
iall
y
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
c
y
c
lic
p
r
ef
i
x
(
C
P
)
is
lo
n
g
er
th
a
n
th
e
c
h
a
n
n
el
i
m
p
u
ls
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
(
C
I
R
)
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
r
ea
lizin
g
h
i
g
h
-
s
p
e
ed
OFDM
n
ec
ess
itate
s
ef
f
ici
en
t
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
ar
ch
itect
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r
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f
o
r
r
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-
ti
m
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.
Field
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p
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r
a
m
m
a
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s
(
FP
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A
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f
lex
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le
p
lat
f
o
r
m
f
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s
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n
s
d
u
e
to
th
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r
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o
n
f
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ab
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d
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
h
ig
h
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
.
T
h
e
i
n
v
e
r
s
e
f
as
t
F
o
u
r
ie
r
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
(
I
FF
T
)
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
w
h
i
ch
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
s
th
e
d
i
g
it
a
l
b
a
s
e
b
an
d
s
ig
n
al
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
d
o
m
a
in
t
o
th
e
t
im
e
d
o
m
a
in
f
o
r
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
,
i
s
a
k
ey
e
lem
en
t
in
th
e
O
F
DM
tr
a
n
s
m
i
t
te
r
c
h
a
in
.
E
f
f
i
c
ie
n
t
I
FF
T
a
l
g
o
r
i
th
m
s
o
n
F
PGA
s
a
r
e
c
r
u
c
i
al
f
o
r
a
ch
i
ev
in
g
r
e
a
l
-
t
im
e
p
r
o
c
es
s
i
n
g
w
ith
c
o
n
s
t
r
a
in
e
d
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
es
[
7
]
–
[
9
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
r
e
al
-
t
im
e
im
p
l
em
en
t
at
i
o
n
o
f
OF
D
M
f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
s
p
e
e
d
m
m
W
av
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
at
io
n
s
y
s
t
em
s
p
o
s
e
s
a
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
t
ch
a
l
le
n
g
e
.
I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
t
o
i
ts
r
o
l
e
in
h
ig
h
-
s
p
e
e
d
w
ir
e
l
es
s
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
ti
o
n
,
m
m
W
a
v
e
O
FD
M
h
as
g
ain
e
d
t
r
ac
t
i
o
n
in
b
i
g
d
a
t
a
a
p
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
s
i
n
v
o
lv
in
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
a
n
a
ly
ti
cs
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
v
o
lu
m
e
o
f
d
ata
g
en
er
ated
b
y
m
o
d
er
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
h
i
g
h
-
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
ie
s
,
esp
ec
iall
y
i
n
ar
ea
s
s
u
c
h
as
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
an
a
l
y
t
ics
w
it
h
i
n
b
ig
d
ata
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FP
GA
-
b
ased
OFD
M
tr
an
s
m
itter
,
w
it
h
its
i
n
h
er
e
n
t
p
ar
allelis
m
a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e,
is
w
ell
-
s
u
ited
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
is
n
ee
d
b
y
en
ab
li
n
g
ef
f
icie
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
o
f
m
a
s
s
i
v
e
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
.
An
o
th
er
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
OFDM
lies
in
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
ec
u
r
e
an
d
h
ig
h
-
s
p
e
ed
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
in
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
f
o
r
in
ter
n
e
t o
f
t
h
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
s
th
at
h
a
n
d
le
s
en
s
i
tiv
e
d
ata
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
in
t
eg
r
atio
n
o
f
FP
GA
-
b
ased
OFDM
tr
an
s
m
it
ter
s
in
t
o
clo
u
d
s
ec
u
r
it
y
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
o
f
f
er
s
a
p
r
o
m
i
s
in
g
s
o
l
u
tio
n
to
ad
d
r
ess
laten
c
y
a
n
d
s
ec
u
r
it
y
ch
al
len
g
es b
y
e
n
ab
li
n
g
r
o
b
u
s
t a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
en
cr
y
p
ted
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
V
ar
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
FP
GA
-
b
ased
I
FF
T
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
atio
n
s
f
o
r
OFDM
tr
a
n
s
m
it
ter
s
,
as s
h
o
w
n
in
r
ec
en
t
w
o
r
k
[
1
4
]
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
i
n
cl
u
d
e
p
ip
elin
ed
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ar
ch
itec
t
u
r
e
.
P
ip
elin
ed
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es
ac
h
ie
v
e
h
ig
h
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
b
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
d
ata
in
s
ta
g
es
b
u
t
m
a
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
m
e
m
o
r
y
a
n
d
lo
g
ic
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
el
y
,
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ar
ch
i
tect
u
r
es
u
tili
ze
m
u
l
tip
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
u
n
i
ts
to
p
ar
alle
lize
th
e
I
FF
T
o
p
er
atio
n
,
p
o
ten
tiall
y
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
lo
w
er
la
ten
c
y
b
u
t
at
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
in
cr
ea
s
ed
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
tili
za
tio
n
[
16
]
.
T
h
e
ch
o
ice
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
ap
p
licatio
n
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
s
o
u
g
h
t
to
o
p
ti
m
ize
I
FF
T
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
s
.
In
s
tu
d
y
[
1
7
]
,
a
lo
w
-
late
n
c
y
R
ad
ix
-
2
b
ased
s
in
g
le
-
p
ath
d
el
a
y
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
(
SD
F
)
I
FF
T
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
f
o
r
OFDM
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
f
o
cu
s
i
n
g
o
n
r
ed
u
cin
g
m
e
m
o
r
y
s
ize
in
th
e
r
eo
r
d
er
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e
o
f
SD
F
I
FF
T
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ac
h
iev
es
a
4
1
%
m
e
m
o
r
y
r
ed
u
ct
io
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es
.
I
n
[
1
8
]
,
a
m
et
h
o
d
to
en
h
a
n
ce
I
F
FT
ef
f
icien
c
y
,
w
h
ich
w
a
s
d
o
n
e
b
y
r
ep
lacin
g
t
w
id
d
le
m
u
ltip
lier
s
w
it
h
s
i
m
p
ler
"
p
ass
-
lo
g
ic
"
f
o
r
co
m
m
o
n
OF
DM
i
n
p
u
t
v
al
u
es
is
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
,
alth
o
u
g
h
it
is
li
m
ited
to
p
h
a
s
e
-
s
h
if
t
k
e
y
i
n
g
(
P
SK
)
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
.
In
s
tu
d
y
[
1
9
]
,
an
FP
GA
-
b
ased
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
r
ad
io
(
SDR
)
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
OFDM
is
d
escr
ib
ed
,
em
p
h
asi
zi
n
g
p
o
w
er
r
ed
u
ctio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
n
[
2
0
]
,
an
FP
GA
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
an
OFD
M
tr
an
s
ce
i
v
er
f
o
r
W
i
-
Fi
is
p
r
ese
n
ted
,
b
u
t
it
r
elies
o
n
MA
T
L
A
B
/
Si
m
u
li
n
k
an
d
is
li
m
ited
t
o
lo
w
er
s
p
ee
d
s
.
I
n
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
t
o
h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
c
o
n
s
t
r
a
in
ts
w
ith
in
in
t
e
r
l
e
av
e
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
d
iv
is
i
o
n
m
u
l
t
i
p
le
a
c
c
e
s
s
(
I
FD
MA
)
t
r
a
n
s
c
e
iv
e
r
s
,
a
m
u
lt
i
-
p
r
i
o
r
ity
s
ch
e
d
u
l
in
g
(
M
PS
)
alg
o
r
i
th
m
,
d
e
t
a
i
l
e
d
i
n
[
2
1
]
,
w
a
s
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
t
o
o
p
t
im
i
z
e
th
e
e
x
e
cu
ti
o
n
o
f
b
u
tt
e
r
f
ly
c
o
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
in
g
FF
T
i
m
p
l
em
en
t
,
d
e
s
i
g
n
at
e
d
M
PS
-
FF
T
,
d
em
o
n
s
t
r
at
e
s
a
s
ig
n
if
i
c
an
t
r
e
d
u
c
ti
o
n
in
c
o
m
p
u
ta
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
a
te
n
cy
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
t
o
c
o
n
v
en
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
F
T
m
e
th
o
d
s
w
h
en
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
I
F
D
MA
s
ig
n
a
l
p
r
o
c
es
s
in
g
.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
an
FP
G
A
-
b
ase
d
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
a
n
O
F
DM
tr
an
s
m
itter
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
ch
ai
n
o
p
tim
ized
f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
m
m
W
a
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
is
p
r
esen
ted
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
p
r
io
r
itizes
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
e
f
f
icien
c
y
an
d
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
.
A
h
ig
h
-
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
2
0
4
8
-
p
o
in
t
I
FF
T
m
o
d
u
le,
r
ea
lized
u
s
in
g
a
R
ad
ix
-
2
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
co
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
,
s
h
o
w
ca
s
in
g
e
f
f
icie
n
t
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
tili
za
ti
o
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
p
ip
elin
e
e
m
p
lo
y
s
8
p
ar
allel
la
n
es
f
o
r
co
n
cu
r
r
en
t
d
ata
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
f
u
r
th
er
in
c
lu
d
es
C
P
in
s
er
tio
n
a
n
d
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
q
u
ad
r
a
tu
r
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
Q
A
M
)
o
r
d
er
s
an
d
p
ilo
t
ar
r
an
g
e
m
en
t
s
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
is
im
p
le
m
e
n
ted
in
VHD
L
u
s
i
n
g
Vi
v
ad
o
2
0
2
0
an
d
ev
alu
ated
o
n
th
e
Z
y
n
q
Ultr
aSca
le
+
R
FS
O
C
Z
C
U1
1
1
ev
al
u
atio
n
k
it
.
E
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
esu
lt
s
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
a
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
ed
er
r
o
r
(
MSE
)
o
f
o
n
l
y
0
.
0001
3
b
etw
ee
n
t
h
e
FP
GA
-
g
e
n
er
ated
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
its
M
A
T
L
A
B
s
i
m
u
latio
n
.
Fro
m
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
w
o
r
k
s
[
1
7
]
–
[
2
1
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,
w
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tr
o
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a
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v
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FP
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2.
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m
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to
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p
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m
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in
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3.
O
F
DM
t
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t
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m
p
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m
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3
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1
.
H
a
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Har
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tr
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is
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p
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L
UT
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ased
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o
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h
e
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co
m
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its
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er
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e
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o
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th
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etr
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r
r
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ase
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ad
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m
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l
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h
e
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y
m
b
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er
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alize
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ity
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im
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e
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s
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r
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iv
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p
lan
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f
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m
ap
p
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r
ef
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to
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
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f
p
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ts
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ith
in
th
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co
n
s
tellatio
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iag
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r
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tili
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s
s
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r
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w
ith
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s
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r
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n
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w
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ile
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o
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er
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ea
m
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if
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er
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t
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em
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e
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g
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,
QP
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1
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y
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ly
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es
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o
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h
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ig
h
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s
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m
m
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th
e
p
r
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p
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s
ed
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p
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h
in
co
r
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o
r
ates
eig
h
t
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ar
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ce
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s
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en
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ltan
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m
u
ltip
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QA
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m
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o
ls
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Fu
r
th
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etails
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eg
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d
in
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th
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p
ar
allel
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ce
s
s
in
g
im
p
lem
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n
b
e
f
o
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n
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
A
s
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n
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e
s
ee
n
,
th
e
p
r
o
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ed
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b
ased
QA
M
m
ap
p
in
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ap
p
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ac
h
o
f
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er
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f
lex
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le
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d
ef
f
icien
t
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h
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Q
P
S
K
L
U
T
16
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Q
A
M
L
U
T
64
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Q
A
M
L
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T
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5
6
-
Q
A
M
L
U
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U
X
r
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C
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ap
_
sl
00
01
10
11
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r
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Q
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i
t
M
a
p
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i
t
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i
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i
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Fig
u
r
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1
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
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s
ed
QA
M
m
ap
p
in
g
w
it
h
8
p
ar
allel
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r
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ce
s
s
i
n
g
3
.
3
.
CP
a
pp
endin
g
I
n
th
is
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tio
n
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e
p
r
o
p
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s
ed
C
P
ad
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ed
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eth
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d
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r
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ted
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h
e
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tp
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
I
FF
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p
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all
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les,
w
h
er
e
th
e
in
p
u
t
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ess
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5
6
(=
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m
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5
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r
th
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les
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s
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3
1
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.
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h
e
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n
d
co
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n
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o
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s
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u
l
s
am
p
les
.
T
h
er
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o
r
e,
th
e
co
u
n
ter
len
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is
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A
d
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s
in
ce
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n
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th
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w
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itten
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,
th
e
C
L
K_
B
s
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o
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ld
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e
f
aster
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an
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L
K_
A
.
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h
e
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y
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+
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m
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ize
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m
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les
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I
n
th
is
w
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,
=
2048
an
d
=
288
,
th
e
r
atio
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(
20
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2048
=
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125
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Fo
r
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L
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th
e
C
L
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w
ill
b
e
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5
MH
z
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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d
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ch
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ate
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d
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s
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e
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m
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le
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n
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ar
d
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e;
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s
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d
t
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m
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t
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lcu
latio
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g
i
v
e
n
b
y
[
25
]
,
(
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=
(
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∑
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(
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w
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(
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f
r
eq
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en
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ain
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d
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ain
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2
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lin
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,
−
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A
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ally
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e
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o
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ith
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d
iv
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es
th
e
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lcu
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to
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o
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ar
ts
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p
r
ess
ed
b
y
(
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)
.
(
)
=
∑
(
)
+
∑
(
)
=
∑
(
2
)
/
2
−
1
=
0
2
+
∑
(
2
+
1
)
(
2
+
1
)
/
2
−
1
=
0
=
∑
[
(
2
)
+
(
2
+
1
)
]
/
2
−
1
=
0
2
,
(
8
)
h
en
ce
,
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
co
m
p
lex
e
x
p
o
n
en
t
ial
n
o
tatio
n
,
2
=
/
2
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t h
al
f
ca
n
b
e
ca
lc
u
lated
by
(
9
)
.
(
)
=
∑
(
2
)
/
2
−
1
=
0
/
2
+
∑
(
2
+
1
)
/
2
/
2
−
1
=
0
,
(
9
)
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
h
alf
is
ca
lcu
lated
b
y
(
1
0
)
.
(
+
/
2
)
=
∑
(
2
)
/
2
−
1
=
0
/
2
(
+
/
2
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I
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8
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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.
First,
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
AW
GN
an
d
q
u
a
n
tizatio
n
n
o
is
e
o
n
OFDM
tr
an
s
m
i
tter
u
s
i
n
g
f
i
x
ed
-
p
o
in
t
f
o
r
m
at
i
s
s
i
m
u
lated
an
d
a
n
al
y
ze
d
.
T
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
1
,
s
p
ec
if
ic
all
y
,
th
e
2
0
4
8
FF
T
s
ize
an
d
th
e
1
8
-
b
it
w
o
r
d
len
g
th
ar
e
u
s
ed
,
an
d
th
e
b
it
er
r
o
r
r
ate
(
B
E
R
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
w
a
s
ev
alu
a
ted
v
ia
n
u
m
er
ical
s
i
m
u
latio
n
.
On
l
y
AW
GN
an
d
q
u
an
tiza
tio
n
n
o
is
e
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
ca
r
r
ier
in
d
ices
f
r
o
m
2
1
to
6
3
2
an
d
1
4
2
4
to
2
0
3
0
ar
e
m
o
d
u
lated
w
i
th
6
4
-
Q
A
M,
a
n
d
th
e
r
est
ar
e
ze
r
o
s
.
F
ig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
d
is
to
r
tio
n
i
m
p
ac
t
d
u
e
to
th
e
f
ix
ed
-
p
o
in
t,
w
h
ic
h
is
ev
id
e
n
t
th
at
t
h
e
q
u
an
tizatio
n
n
o
is
e
is
n
o
t
th
e
s
o
le
co
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
.
A
s
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
,
th
e
in
ter
-
b
a
n
d
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
also
p
lay
s
a
r
o
le,
as
e
v
id
en
ce
d
b
y
th
e
p
o
w
er
leak
a
g
e
s
p
r
ea
d
in
g
ac
r
o
s
s
s
u
b
ca
r
r
ier
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
th
e
r
esu
lts
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
a
clea
r
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
B
E
R
as
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
r
ac
tio
n
al
b
its
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
it
in
d
ica
tes
th
at
h
i
g
h
er
-
o
r
d
er
QA
M
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
ex
h
ib
it
m
o
r
e
s
e
n
s
i
tiv
it
y
to
th
e
SNR
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
f
r
o
m
F
ig
u
r
e
s
5
an
d
6
co
llectiv
e
l
y
s
u
g
g
es
t
an
o
p
ti
m
al
f
r
ac
tio
n
al
b
it
allo
ca
tio
n
ex
ce
e
d
in
g
1
0
b
its
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
j
u
d
icio
u
s
l
y
s
e
lecte
d
a
1
3
-
b
it
f
r
ac
tio
n
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
.
T
h
is
ch
o
ice
ai
m
s
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
an
o
p
ti
m
al
tr
ad
e
-
o
f
f
b
et
w
ee
n
co
m
p
u
ta
tio
n
al
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
B
E
R
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
an
d
th
e
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
i
n
ter
-
b
a
n
d
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
I
n
te
r
-
b
an
d
i
n
te
r
fe
r
e
n
c
e
i
n
d
i
c
ato
r
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
I
n
ter
-
b
an
d
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
e
f
f
ec
t o
n
OFDM
tr
a
n
s
m
itter
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
3
8
1
3
-
3823
3820
64
2
5
6
1
0
2
4
M
-
a
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y
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M
10
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6
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b
i
t
s
6
b
i
t
s
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i
t
s
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4
b
i
t
s
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
B
E
R
v
er
s
u
s
M
-
ar
y
QA
M
w
i
th
v
ar
io
u
s
f
r
ac
tio
n
al
b
its
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
Nex
t,
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
e
v
al
u
a
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
OF
DM
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
g
en
er
ato
r
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
o
n
a
n
FP
GA
f
o
r
m
m
W
a
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
as
co
n
d
u
cted
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
s
et
u
p
is
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
i
n
s
er
ted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7(
a
)
,
an
d
th
e
g
e
n
er
at
ed
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
is
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
7(
b
)
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
a
n
d
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
w
er
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
VHD
L
w
it
h
in
t
h
e
Viv
ad
o
2
0
2
0
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t,
tar
g
eti
n
g
th
e
Z
y
n
q
Ultr
aSca
le
+
R
FS
o
C
Z
C
U1
1
1
ev
alu
atio
n
k
it
.
C
P
pa
r
t f
or
r
e
a
l
Us
e
f
ul
pa
r
t
f
o
r
r
ea
l
CP
32
s
a
mp
l
es
Cl
k
100
Cl
k
112
p
5
WE
E
0
WE
E
1
Re
a
l
I
ma
g
i
n
a
r
y
C
P
pa
r
t f
or
im
a
g
Us
e
f
ul
pa
r
t f
or
im
a
g
1
OF
DM
S
ym
bol
(
CP
+
Us
e
f
ul
)
A
B
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
OFDM
tr
a
n
s
m
itter
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
g
e
n
er
ato
r
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
o
n
an
FP
G
A
f
o
r
m
m
W
a
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
:
(
a
)
s
y
s
te
m
s
et
u
p
an
d
(
b
)
OFDM
o
u
tp
u
t
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ar
ch
i
tectu
r
e
is
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
as
8
p
a
r
allel
lan
es,
f
ac
ilit
ati
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
cu
r
r
en
t
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
.
A
s
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
C
P
is
ap
p
en
d
ed
o
v
er
3
2
cl
o
ck
cy
cles
(
8
lan
es
×
3
2
c
y
cles
=
2
5
6
s
a
m
p
le
s
)
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
2
5
6
clo
ck
c
y
cle
s
a
r
e
allo
ca
ted
f
o
r
2
0
4
8
o
f
th
e
u
s
e
f
u
l
OFDM
d
ata
s
y
m
b
o
ls
(
8
lan
es
×
2
5
6
cy
c
les
=
2
0
4
8
s
a
m
p
les
)
.
T
h
u
s
,
ea
ch
co
m
p
lete
OFDM
s
y
m
b
o
l
co
m
p
r
is
es
2
3
0
4
s
a
m
p
les
(
=2
0
4
8
+
2
5
6
)
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ates
t
w
o
d
is
tin
ct
clo
c
k
d
o
m
ai
n
s
:
a
1
0
0
MH
z
s
y
s
te
m
clo
c
k
(
clk
1
0
0
)
an
d
a
1
1
2
.
5
MH
z
clo
ck
m
u
lt
ip
lex
er
(
cl
k
1
1
2
p
5
)
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t
tin
g
t
h
e
C
P
a
n
d
OFD
M
s
y
m
b
o
ls
.
T
h
is
allo
w
s
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
er
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
es
s
p
ec
tr
al
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
to
en
s
u
r
e
ad
eq
u
ate
te
m
p
o
r
al
s
ep
ar
a
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
w
r
ite
a
n
d
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
s
o
n
m
e
m
o
r
y
ele
m
en
ts
,
cl
k
1
0
0
is
in
ten
tio
n
all
y
p
h
a
s
e
-
s
h
i
f
ted
b
y
2
5
0
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eg
r
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s
.
A
q
u
an
t
itati
v
e
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
b
e
t
w
ee
n
t
h
e
FP
G
A
-
g
e
n
er
ated
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
it
s
MA
T
L
A
B
-
s
i
m
u
lated
r
ev
ea
ls
a
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
ed
er
r
o
r
(
MSE
)
o
f
o
n
l
y
0
.
00013
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Hig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
field
-
p
r
o
g
r
a
mma
b
le
g
a
te
a
r
r
a
y
imp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
…
(
K
id
s
a
n
a
p
o
n
g
P
u
n
ts
r
i
)
3821
Fin
a
ll
y
,
T
ab
le
2
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
b
r
ea
k
d
o
w
n
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
t
-
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
th
e
FP
GA
.
No
tab
ly
,
k
e
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
C
L
B
L
UT
s
,
R
A
M,
a
n
d
DSP
s
ex
h
ib
it
u
ti
lizatio
n
p
e
r
ce
n
tag
e
s
o
f
o
n
l
y
7
.
91
%
,
0
.
74
%
,
an
d
3
.
7
%
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
er
e
is
n
o
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
a
ili
n
g
e
n
d
p
o
in
t
.
Sp
ec
if
icall
y
,
o
u
r
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
ter
m
s
o
f
b
o
th
s
p
ee
d
an
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
t
h
e
s
tate
-
of
-
th
e
-
ar
t
.
T
o
th
e
b
est
o
f
o
u
r
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
o
u
r
d
esig
n
ac
h
iev
e
s
th
e
lar
g
es
t
FF
T
s
ize
a
m
o
n
g
FP
GA
-
b
ased
m
m
W
a
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
t
h
e
liter
at
u
r
e
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
o
n
ly
s
i
m
u
latio
n
w
o
r
k
s
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
[
2
7
]
,
[
2
8
]
,
an
d
n
o
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
h
as
b
ee
n
r
ep
o
r
ted
y
et.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lts
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
a
t
t
h
e
ef
f
i
ca
c
y
an
d
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FP
GA
-
b
ased
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
OFD
M
tr
an
s
m
itter
d
esig
n
f
o
r
m
m
W
a
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
ac
h
iev
ed
.
T
o
ev
alu
a
te
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FP
GA
-
b
ased
OFDM
tr
an
s
m
itter
,
w
e
co
n
d
u
cted
a
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
u
s
i
n
g
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RE
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NC
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[
1
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D
.
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