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]
.
Ra
ns
om
w
a
r
e
i
s
c
ons
i
d
e
r
e
d
one
of
t
he
m
os
t
d
a
nge
rous
m
a
l
w
a
re
v
a
ri
a
nt
s
[10]
,
[11]
.
It
i
s
a
t
ype
o
f
m
a
l
w
a
r
e
t
h
a
t
pre
ve
n
t
s
us
e
rs
fr
om
a
c
c
e
s
s
i
ng
or
re
s
t
ri
c
t
s
t
h
e
i
r
a
c
c
e
s
s
t
o
a
s
ys
t
e
m
or
f
i
l
e
s
,
e
i
t
he
r
by
l
oc
ki
ng
t
h
e
s
c
re
e
n
or
by
e
nc
r
ypt
i
ng
f
i
l
e
s
,
t
o
t
he
poi
nt
o
f
d
e
m
a
ndi
ng
a
ra
n
s
om
[12]
–
[14]
.
R
a
ns
o
m
w
a
r
e
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
i
s
t
h
e
m
os
t
c
om
m
on
f
a
m
i
l
y
of
ra
ns
om
w
a
re
v
i
rus
e
s
a
nd
h
a
s
m
a
n
y
v
a
ri
a
n
t
s
,
a
nd
e
v
e
ry
y
e
a
r
m
a
ny
n
e
w
va
r
i
a
n
t
s
e
m
e
rge
f
rom
t
hi
s
ra
ns
om
w
a
re
f
a
m
i
l
y
.
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
,
a
fa
m
i
l
y
of
ra
ns
o
m
w
a
r
e
vi
rus
e
s
c
o
nt
a
i
ni
ng
m
o
re
t
ha
n
240+
va
ri
a
nt
s
[15]
.
T
h
i
s
r
a
ns
o
m
w
a
r
e
i
s
m
os
t
c
o
m
m
o
nl
y
i
n
j
e
c
t
e
d
i
n
t
o
r
e
pa
c
ka
ge
d
i
ns
t
a
l
l
e
rs
,
a
nd
s
pre
a
ds
vi
a
e
m
a
i
l
w
i
t
h
m
a
l
i
c
i
ous
a
t
t
a
c
h
m
e
n
t
s
,
m
i
s
l
e
a
di
ng
dow
nl
o
a
ds
,
e
x
pl
oi
t
s
,
w
e
b
i
n
j
e
c
t
ors
,
a
n
d
s
o
on
[1
6]
.
O
n
e
of
t
he
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
va
r
i
a
n
t
s
i
s
t
h
e
r
e
m
k
a
nd
e
rqw
va
r
i
a
n
t
s
on
t
h
e
M
a
l
w
a
r
e
Ba
z
a
a
r
s
i
t
e
.
Ba
s
e
d
on
t
h
i
s
s
i
t
e
,
t
h
e
e
rqw
va
ri
a
nt
i
s
t
h
e
ne
w
e
s
t
v
a
r
i
a
n
t
o
f
t
he
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
va
r
i
a
n
t
c
o
m
pa
re
d
t
o
t
he
r
e
m
k
v
a
ri
a
nt
.
T
he
a
i
m
of
t
hi
s
re
s
e
a
r
c
h
w
a
s
t
o
a
na
l
yz
e
t
he
R
a
ns
om
w
a
re
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
va
ri
a
nt
s
r
e
m
k
a
nd
e
rqw
,
t
o
obt
a
i
n
d
i
ff
e
re
n
c
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
c
ha
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
of
t
he
s
e
t
w
o
v
a
ri
a
nt
s
,
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
c
ha
n
ge
s
i
n
c
h
a
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
fro
m
t
he
pre
vi
ous
va
r
i
a
n
t
t
o
t
he
l
a
t
e
s
t
v
a
ri
a
nt
.
K
now
l
e
dg
e
of
t
he
s
e
c
ha
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
i
s
t
o
obt
a
i
n
i
nfor
m
a
t
i
on
i
n
or
de
r
t
o
ove
rc
om
e
a
t
t
a
c
ks
a
nd
de
s
c
ri
b
e
e
xa
c
t
l
y
how
bot
h
ra
ns
o
m
w
a
r
e
w
orks
.
A
p
a
rt
fr
om
t
ha
t
,
i
t
i
s
a
l
s
o
t
o
fi
nd
o
ut
t
he
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
t
he
ra
ns
om
w
a
re
re
m
k
a
n
d
e
rqw
va
r
i
a
n
t
s
o
n
t
he
vi
c
t
i
m
'
s
c
om
p
ut
e
r.
2.
R
ES
EA
R
C
H
M
ET
H
O
D
T
hi
s
re
s
e
a
r
c
h
i
s
a
m
i
x
e
d
re
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
w
i
t
h
a
m
i
xe
d
-
m
e
t
h
od
re
s
e
a
rc
h
a
ppro
a
c
h.
It
i
s
a
c
o
m
b
i
na
t
i
on
of
qua
l
i
t
a
t
i
ve
m
e
t
hods
a
nd
qua
n
t
i
t
a
t
i
v
e
m
e
t
hods
.
T
h
e
d
a
t
a
c
ol
l
e
c
t
i
on
t
e
c
hni
que
us
e
d
i
n
t
hi
s
r
e
s
e
a
rc
h
i
s
obs
e
rva
t
i
o
n
m
e
t
h
od
(obs
e
rva
t
i
on
)
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
m
a
l
w
a
re
a
n
a
l
ys
i
s
m
e
t
hod
,
na
m
e
l
y
t
he
d
yna
m
i
c
a
n
a
l
ys
i
s
m
e
t
ho
d
t
o
a
na
l
yz
e
be
h
a
vi
or
a
nd
t
h
e
s
t
a
t
i
c
a
na
l
ys
i
s
m
e
t
hod
t
o
a
na
l
yz
e
i
n
t
e
rn
a
l
s
t
ru
c
t
ur
e
.
2.
1
.
D
yn
ami
c
an
al
ys
i
s
D
yna
m
i
c
a
na
l
ys
i
s
i
s
t
he
proc
e
s
s
o
f
a
na
l
yz
i
ng
t
he
be
ha
vi
or
or
a
c
t
i
ons
c
a
rri
e
d
out
b
y
a
n
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
w
he
n
e
x
e
c
ut
i
ng
u
s
ua
l
l
y
i
n
a
vi
rt
ua
l
e
nvi
r
onm
e
nt
[3
],
[1
7]
.
T
he
s
t
a
t
i
c
e
xe
c
ut
a
bl
e
a
na
l
yz
e
r
pr
oc
e
s
s
c
a
n
onl
y
re
ve
a
l
s
om
e
i
nfo
rm
a
t
i
on
a
bo
ut
t
he
m
a
l
w
a
re
,
but
ru
nni
n
g
t
he
m
a
l
w
a
re
a
nd
e
xa
m
i
ni
ng
i
t
s
be
ha
vi
or
a
t
runt
i
m
e
provi
de
s
m
ore
i
n
s
i
ght
a
n
d
i
m
prove
s
t
he
a
bi
l
i
t
y
t
o
i
de
nt
i
fy
m
a
l
w
a
re
[
18],
[19
]
.
T
he
dyna
m
i
c
a
na
l
ys
i
s
s
t
a
ge
i
n
c
l
ude
s
a
na
l
ys
i
s
u
s
i
ng
t
he
h
ybri
d
a
na
l
y
s
i
s
t
ool
a
nd
runni
ng
s
a
m
pl
e
s
of
bot
h
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
va
ri
a
nt
s
di
re
c
t
l
y
i
n
t
he
vi
rt
ua
l
l
a
b,
t
o
obt
a
i
n
i
n
di
c
a
t
or
da
t
a
for
t
he
h
ybri
d
a
na
l
ys
i
s
t
ool
,
U
RL
,
pa
yl
oa
d,
re
gi
s
t
r
y
c
ha
nge
s
,
a
nd
vi
rt
ua
l
l
a
b
CP
U
pe
rform
a
nc
e
.
A
n
a
c
t
i
ve
a
pp
roa
c
h
is
c
a
rri
e
d
out
by
e
xe
c
ut
i
ng
ra
ns
om
w
a
re
c
ode
.
T
he
ra
n
s
om
w
a
re
c
ode
i
s
e
xe
c
ut
e
d
un
d
e
r
a
c
ont
rol
l
e
d
e
n
vi
ronm
e
nt
,
a
n
d
t
he
fe
a
t
ure
s
c
a
pt
ure
d
by
t
he
c
ont
rol
l
e
d
e
nvi
r
onm
e
nt
.
2.
2
.
S
tati
c
an
al
ys
i
s
S
t
a
t
i
c
a
n
a
l
ys
i
s
i
s
a
n
a
l
yz
i
ng
s
of
t
w
a
r
e
w
i
t
h
out
e
x
e
c
ut
i
ng
i
t
.
T
he
s
e
t
e
c
hni
que
s
c
a
n
be
a
pp
l
i
e
d
t
o
va
ri
o
us
pa
r
t
s
of
a
p
rogr
a
m
[2
0]
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
s
t
a
t
i
c
a
n
a
l
ys
i
s
m
e
t
ho
d,
t
h
e
m
a
l
w
a
re
fi
l
e
w
i
l
l
n
ot
b
e
a
c
t
i
va
t
e
d
di
r
e
c
t
l
y
but
w
i
l
l
i
ns
t
e
a
d
be
t
ra
c
e
d
,
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
d
,
a
nd
a
na
l
yz
e
d
a
ga
i
ns
t
t
he
s
ourc
e
c
o
de
w
ri
t
t
e
n
i
n
t
he
m
a
l
w
a
r
e
prog
ra
m
.
A
s
a
r
e
s
ul
t
,
t
h
e
obt
a
i
ne
d
i
nfor
m
a
t
i
on
i
s
v
e
ry
c
om
p
l
e
t
e
.
It
c
a
n
prov
i
de
a
ve
ry
d
e
t
a
i
l
e
d
p
i
c
t
ur
e
of
t
h
e
ove
r
a
l
l
w
orki
ng
m
e
c
h
a
n
i
s
m
of
t
he
m
a
l
w
a
re
[21]
,
[22]
.
T
he
s
t
a
t
i
c
a
na
l
ys
i
s
s
t
a
g
e
i
nc
l
ude
s
di
s
a
s
s
e
m
b
l
i
n
g
a
nd
unpa
c
ki
ng
s
a
m
pl
e
s
o
f
bot
h
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
va
r
i
a
n
t
s
a
nd
fi
l
e
-
ba
s
e
d
he
uri
s
t
i
c
a
na
l
ys
i
s
of
t
he
re
s
ul
t
s
of
t
he
di
s
a
s
s
e
m
bl
y
a
nd
u
npa
c
ki
ng,
t
o
ob
t
a
i
n
d
a
t
a
s
e
c
t
i
ons
,
D
L
L
s
,
func
t
i
ons
,
s
i
g
na
t
ure
s
,
a
nd
s
t
ri
ngs
on
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
rn
a
l
pa
rt
s
of
t
h
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
.
T
he
p
a
s
s
i
ve
a
ppro
a
c
h
i
s
c
a
rri
e
d
out
w
i
t
hout
e
x
e
c
u
t
i
n
g
t
he
ra
ns
om
w
a
re
c
ode
.
2.
3
.
I
n
gr
e
d
i
e
n
ts
an
d
s
tag
e
s
T
he
s
t
a
g
e
s
c
a
rr
i
e
d
ou
t
i
nc
l
ude
s
t
ud
yi
ng
a
nd
c
ol
l
e
c
t
i
n
g
v
a
ri
o
us
i
nfor
m
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
t
he
m
a
l
w
a
re
t
o
be
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
d.
T
h
i
s
i
n
c
l
udi
n
g
t
h
e
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
s
t
u
dy
a
nd
d
a
t
a
c
ol
l
e
c
t
i
on
fro
m
bo
t
h
s
a
m
pl
e
s
of
t
h
e
S
T
O
P
/
D
J
V
U
va
ri
a
nt
,
i
n
t
he
for
m
of
i
d
e
nt
i
fi
c
a
t
i
on
da
t
a
a
nd
ba
s
i
c
i
nfo
rm
a
t
i
on
a
bout
t
h
e
r
a
ns
o
m
w
a
r
e
,
i
n
i
t
i
a
l
re
g
i
s
t
ry
da
t
a
a
nd
no
rm
a
l
c
o
m
put
e
r
CP
U
pe
rfo
rm
a
nc
e
d
a
t
a
.
In
s
t
a
t
i
c
a
n
a
l
ys
i
s
,
w
e
w
i
l
l
t
ra
c
e
t
he
w
ork
o
f
t
h
e
r
a
ns
om
w
a
r
e
a
nd
o
bs
e
rv
e
t
he
s
o
urc
e
c
ode
us
i
ng
progr
a
m
s
s
uc
h
a
s
p
rogr
a
m
a
na
l
yz
e
r,
de
bugg
e
r
,
a
n
d
di
s
a
s
s
e
m
bl
e
r
[3]
.
N
e
xt
,
dyna
m
i
c
a
na
l
ys
i
s
of
t
h
e
vi
r
t
ua
l
l
a
b
e
xpe
ri
m
e
n
t
a
l
e
nv
i
ron
m
e
nt
,
t
h
e
ra
ns
o
m
w
a
re
i
s
e
x
e
c
u
t
e
d
a
nd
t
r
a
c
e
s
w
h
a
t
ha
pp
e
ns
i
n
t
he
vi
r
t
ua
l
l
a
b
e
nvi
ro
nm
e
nt
[
17]
,
[23]
.
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2722
-
3221
Com
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c
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Inf
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c
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2722
-
3221
Com
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Com
pu
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S
c
i
Inf
T
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c
h
nol
IS
S
N
:
2722
-
3221
Char
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291
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