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Vo
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14
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.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
,
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p
.
74
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~
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1
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1
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2
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I
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Vo
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14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
74
3
-
75
1
744
ap
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n
er
g
y
in
b
u
ild
in
g
s
will
b
en
ef
it
th
e
a
ch
iev
em
en
t
o
f
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t,
as
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
is
an
in
d
icato
r
o
f
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
g
r
ee
n
b
u
ild
in
g
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia [
8
]
.
T
h
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
r
e
n
ewa
b
l
e
en
er
g
y
i
n
b
u
ild
in
g
s
will
en
co
u
r
ag
e
th
e
f
u
lf
ilm
en
t
o
f
n
et
ze
r
o
en
er
g
y
(
NZ
E
)
,
wh
er
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
r
ely
o
n
ly
o
n
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
an
d
o
th
er
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
to
m
ee
t th
e
ir
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
s
[
9
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
ly
,
th
er
e
ar
e
two
f
a
cto
r
s
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
NZ
E
:
th
e
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
r
en
ewa
b
le
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
an
d
th
e
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
ed
b
y
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
.
T
h
e
b
alan
ce
b
etwe
en
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
c
o
m
p
r
is
es
th
e
NZ
E
.
T
h
e
r
o
a
d
m
ap
o
f
b
u
i
ld
in
g
s
an
d
c
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
h
as
tar
g
eted
t
h
at
in
2
0
5
0
,
ev
e
r
y
n
ew
an
d
o
ld
b
u
ild
in
g
will
h
av
e
a
n
et
z
er
o
en
er
g
y
b
u
ild
i
n
g
(
NZ
E
B
)
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
lo
ca
ted
o
n
t
h
e
eq
u
ato
r
lin
e,
h
as
ab
u
n
d
a
n
t
s
o
lar
r
a
d
iatio
n
y
ea
r
-
r
o
u
n
d
as
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
en
e
r
g
y
f
o
r
PV.
Go
r
o
n
talo
lies
in
E
as
ter
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia
an
d
r
ec
eiv
es
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
5
.
1
k
W
h
/m
2
/d
ay
with
a
m
o
n
t
h
ly
v
a
r
iatio
n
o
f
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
ately
9
%
[
1
1
]
.
B
u
ild
in
g
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ty
p
e
o
f
ac
tiv
ity
in
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
e
o
p
le,
a
n
d
th
e
elec
tr
ical
ap
p
lian
ce
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
.
W
h
ile
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
ar
e
r
esid
en
tial
b
u
ild
in
g
s
w
ith
an
en
er
g
y
u
s
e
in
ten
s
ity
lo
wer
th
a
n
th
at
o
f
co
m
m
er
cial
an
d
o
f
f
ice
b
u
ild
in
g
s
,
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
in
g
th
e
NZ
E
B
f
o
r
a
p
ar
tm
en
ts
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
o
ten
tial o
f
Go
r
o
n
talo
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
f
ea
s
ib
le.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
PV
o
n
r
o
o
f
s
h
as
m
an
y
ad
v
an
tag
es
f
o
r
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
.
So
m
e
s
tu
d
ies
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
it
co
u
l
d
m
ee
t
1
4
%
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
’
s
e
n
e
r
g
y
d
em
an
d
[
1
2
]
,
an
d
ev
e
n
2
8
%
[
1
3
]
.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
n
ee
d
t
o
t
a
k
e
a
g
r
e
a
te
r
e
m
p
h
a
s
is
o
n
t
h
e
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
o
f
t
h
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
d
r
a
t
h
e
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
c
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
e
n
e
r
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
d
a
n
n
u
a
l
l
y
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
i
s
p
a
p
e
r
d
i
s
c
u
s
s
es
t
h
e
a
d
v
a
n
t
a
g
e
s
o
f
P
V
o
n
a
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
r
o
o
f
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
r
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
n
t
h
e
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
s
a
v
i
n
g
s
o
f
a
p
a
r
t
m
en
t
t
e
n
a
n
ts
.
H
o
we
v
e
r
,
s
o
m
e
t
ec
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
t
o
ac
h
i
e
v
e
z
e
r
o
-
e
n
e
r
g
y
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
p
a
s
s
i
v
e
a
n
d
a
c
t
i
v
e
s
o
l
ar
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
e
n
e
r
g
y
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
r
esear
ch
es
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
NZ
E
B
u
tili
zin
g
r
o
o
f
t
o
p
PV
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
Gu
n
awa
n
et
a
l.
[
1
6
]
s
tated
th
at
an
ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
u
n
it
i
n
J
ak
ar
ta
r
eq
u
ir
es
3
.
7
k
W
p
o
f
PV
p
o
wer
.
Yet,
it
is
lack
in
g
o
f
ex
p
lan
atio
n
o
n
th
e
d
em
an
d
e
d
en
er
g
y
.
Sak
ti
et
a
l.
[
1
7
]
ca
lcu
lated
th
e
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
u
s
in
g
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
en
er
g
y
p
er
ca
p
ita
.
Me
g
an
to
r
o
et
a
l.
[
1
8
]
esti
m
ate
d
th
e
ap
ar
t
m
en
t
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
b
ased
o
n
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
elec
tr
i
ca
l
d
ev
ice
an
d
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
it
tu
r
n
e
d
o
n
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
Har
an
i
[
1
9
]
d
esig
n
ed
th
e
PV
to
s
u
p
p
ly
en
er
g
y
f
o
r
s
h
ar
ed
f
ac
ilit
ies
in
an
ap
ar
tm
en
t.
T
h
e
m
en
tio
n
e
d
s
tu
d
ies
ar
e
n
o
t
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
ten
an
t’
s
elec
tr
icity
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
en
er
g
y
to
th
e
b
u
ild
i
n
g
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
d
em
an
d
with
r
e
g
ar
d
t
o
th
e
ten
an
t’
s
m
o
n
th
ly
elec
tr
icit
y
ex
p
e
n
d
itu
r
e,
r
o
o
f
ar
ea
f
o
r
P
V
i
n
s
tallatio
n
,
an
d
r
o
o
f
o
r
ien
t
atio
n
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
tep
s
:
da
ta
c
o
llectio
n
in
v
o
lv
es
g
ath
er
i
n
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
a
p
ar
tm
en
ts
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
P
r
o
v
in
ce
,
ten
an
t
e
lectr
icity
b
ills
,
an
d
ap
ar
tm
en
t
r
o
o
f
d
ata.
T
h
e
d
a
ta
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
a
n
d
b
ec
o
m
e
th
e
in
p
u
t
an
d
tar
g
et
to
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
(
PVGI
S
)
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
th
en
an
aly
ze
d
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
o
f
NZ
E
B
in
th
e
ap
a
r
tm
en
ts
o
f
Go
r
o
n
talo
a
n
d
its
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
s
av
in
g
p
o
ten
tial.
T
wo
s
ch
em
es
wer
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
ac
h
iev
e
NZ
E
B
.
Sch
em
e
1
:
E
n
er
g
y
-
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
b
u
ild
in
g
,
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
PV
to
c
o
v
er
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
elec
tr
icity
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e
f
o
r
all
th
e
a
p
ar
t
m
en
t
u
n
its
with
th
e
ex
ten
t
o
f
in
s
talled
p
o
wer
.
Sch
em
e
2
p
r
o
v
i
d
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
PV
to
co
v
er
m
o
n
th
ly
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e.
Sch
em
e
1
r
eq
u
ir
es
th
e
d
ata
o
f
in
s
talled
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
o
n
e
ac
h
ap
ar
tm
en
t
u
n
it
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
u
n
its
in
a
b
u
ild
in
g
.
Sch
em
e
2
r
eq
u
ir
es th
e
elec
tr
icity
b
ills
o
f
t
h
e
ten
an
ts
.
T
h
e
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
will
b
e
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
with
PV
en
e
r
g
y
.
T
h
e
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
PV
p
o
wer
s
im
u
lated
u
s
in
g
PVGI
S.
T
h
e
to
o
l
is
s
elec
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
it
is
ea
s
y
to
u
s
e
th
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
an
d
its
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
is
lo
wer
t
h
an
HOM
E
R
an
d
PVSYS
T
[
2
0
]
,
a
n
d
h
ig
h
er
th
an
PVW
atts
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
ex
p
ec
ted
r
esu
lt
is
n
eith
er
to
o
h
ig
h
n
o
r
to
o
lo
w.
PVGI
S a
ls
o
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
ass
u
r
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e,
as it
s
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt h
ad
th
e
lo
west d
ev
iatio
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
ex
p
er
im
en
t
al
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
[
2
2
]
.
PVGI
S
is
f
r
ee
an
d
ea
s
ier
to
u
s
e
th
an
HOM
E
R
an
d
PVSYS
T
f
o
r
PV
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
s
im
u
latio
n
s
an
d
s
im
p
le
a
n
aly
s
is
.
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
is
in
itiated
b
y
c
o
llectin
g
ap
ar
tm
en
t
d
ata
in
G
o
r
o
n
talo
Pr
o
v
in
ce
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
f
f
ice
o
f
a
h
o
u
s
in
g
p
r
o
v
id
er
in
th
e
r
e
g
io
n
o
f
Su
lawe
s
i
I
s
lan
d
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
Pu
r
p
o
s
iv
e
s
am
p
lin
g
is
co
n
d
u
cted
as
th
e
d
ata
ar
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Th
e
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
o
te
n
tia
l o
f n
et
z
ero
en
erg
y
b
u
ild
in
g
u
s
in
g
…
(
A
b
d
i G
u
n
a
w
a
n
Dja
fa
r
)
745
s
o
r
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
o
m
e
q
u
alif
ica
tio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
b
u
ild
in
g
o
r
ien
ta
tio
n
an
d
u
s
er
s
’
in
c
o
m
e
p
r
o
f
ile
.
T
h
r
ee
ap
ar
tm
e
n
ts
ar
e
s
elec
ted
f
r
o
m
th
is
lis
t.
T
h
ese
ar
e
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
f
o
r
lo
w
-
in
c
o
m
e
p
eo
p
le,
an
ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
Ma
r
in
e
B
ase
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
,
a
n
d
an
ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
o
f
f
icer
o
f
th
e
Fin
a
n
cial
an
d
Dev
elo
p
m
en
t
Su
p
e
r
v
is
o
r
y
Ag
en
c
y
i
n
Go
r
o
n
talo
.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
f
o
r
m
is
g
iv
e
n
wh
er
e
th
e
ten
a
n
t
f
ills
in
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
m
o
n
th
ly
elec
tr
icity
b
ills
.
B
u
ild
in
g
s
ar
e
also
v
is
ited
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
r
o
o
f
ar
ea
an
d
s
lo
p
e
d
e
g
r
ee
.
2
.
2
.
Da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
is
Mo
n
t
h
ly
elec
tr
icity
b
ills
f
r
o
m
th
e
ten
an
ts
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
m
o
n
th
ly
elec
tr
icity
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
(
k
W
h
)
.
T
h
e
d
a
ta
is
s
o
r
te
d
a
n
d
t
h
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
,
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
,
a
n
d
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
v
al
u
es
a
r
e
c
al
cu
lat
ed
.
T
h
e
r
o
o
f
s
lo
p
e
w
ill
b
e
u
s
e
d
as a
n
i
n
p
u
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
,
an
d
t
h
e
r
o
o
f
a
r
e
a
as
a
n
ev
al
u
a
ti
o
n
t
o
o
l
f
o
r
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
l
es
to
f
it
t
h
e
s
t
r
u
ct
u
r
e
.
T
h
is
is
a
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
s
tu
d
y
o
f
th
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
o
f
NZ
E
B
u
s
in
g
r
o
o
f
to
p
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
ltaics
o
n
b
u
ild
in
g
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
,
em
p
lo
y
in
g
m
o
n
th
ly
en
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
as
a
b
asis
f
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
f
u
lf
illme
n
t
in
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
.
T
h
e
d
ata
m
a
y
n
o
t
c
o
v
er
th
e
te
n
an
t
p
ea
k
h
o
u
r
ly
e
n
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
,
wh
ich
will
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
a
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
is
e
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
PV
p
o
wer
.
Ho
wev
er
,
t
h
e
a
n
aly
s
is
co
n
d
u
cted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
will
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
in
s
ig
h
t
in
to
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
in
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
to
b
e
s
u
p
p
lied
o
win
g
t
o
a
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
in
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
p
r
o
f
ile.
2
.
3
.
P
VG
I
S
si
m
ula
t
io
n
T
h
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
(
l
atitu
d
e
an
d
lo
n
g
itu
d
e
)
is
in
p
u
t in
to
PVGI
S,
an
d
th
e
s
y
s
tem
w
ill ch
o
o
s
e
a
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
d
atab
ase
r
elate
d
to
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
.
I
n
PVGI
S,
we
d
ef
in
ed
v
ar
iab
les
s
u
ch
as
t
h
e
PV
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
m
o
u
n
tin
g
p
o
s
itio
n
,
s
lo
p
e,
a
n
d
az
im
u
th
.
Fo
r
th
is
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
c
r
y
s
tallin
e
s
ilico
n
is
s
elec
ted
.
T
h
e
r
o
o
f
ad
d
ed
/b
u
ild
in
g
in
teg
r
ated
is
s
elec
ted
as
th
e
m
o
u
n
tin
g
p
o
s
itio
n
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
f
o
r
th
e
s
lo
p
e
an
d
az
im
u
th
is
tak
e
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
r
o
o
f
s
lo
p
e
a
n
d
b
u
ild
in
g
o
r
ien
tat
io
n
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
Go
o
g
le
E
ar
t
h
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
u
tp
u
t
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
d
ata
s
u
ch
as
th
e
m
o
n
th
ly
en
er
g
y
o
u
tp
u
t
(
k
W
h
)
.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
esu
lt
m
ay
d
if
f
e
r
i
n
ea
ch
m
o
n
t
h
;
h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
e
x
p
ec
ted
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
e
f
r
o
m
ea
ch
m
o
n
th
o
f
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
e
q
u
al
to
o
r
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
d
em
an
d
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
es f
o
r
th
e
two
s
ch
em
es a
r
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
b
ec
au
s
e
th
ey
h
av
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
o
b
jectiv
es.
2
.
4.
Achiev
ing
net
ze
ro
ener
g
y
bu
ild
ing
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
NZ
E
B
,
th
e
b
alan
ce
b
etwe
en
en
er
g
y
g
en
e
r
atio
n
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
b
u
ild
in
g
d
em
an
d
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
et.
Nev
e
r
th
eless
,
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
m
ig
h
t
d
ep
e
n
d
o
n
th
e
i
n
s
talled
p
o
wer
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
t
h
e
o
cc
u
p
an
t.
Fo
r
an
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
en
e
r
g
y
b
u
il
d
in
g
(
S
ch
em
e
1
)
,
th
e
m
o
n
th
l
y
m
in
im
u
m
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
PV
is
th
e
to
tal
en
er
g
y
to
b
e
s
u
p
p
lied
t
o
all
th
e
a
p
ar
tm
en
t
ten
an
ts
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
m
o
n
th
ly
,
w
h
ile
f
o
r
S
ch
em
e
2
,
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
e
s
h
o
u
ld
m
ee
t th
e
to
tal
b
u
ild
i
n
g
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
All
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
s
elec
ted
as
s
tu
d
y
ca
s
es
ar
e
lo
ca
ted
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
C
ity
.
T
h
e
b
u
ild
in
g
d
esig
n
s
ar
e
ty
p
ical,
with
s
o
m
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
in
th
e
u
n
it
lay
o
u
t.
Ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
I
n
d
o
n
esian
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t
r
e
g
u
latio
n
s
,
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
ar
e
ca
te
g
o
r
ized
as lo
w
-
r
is
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
(
≤
f
o
u
r
f
lo
o
r
s
)
.
Ap
ar
tm
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
lo
w
in
c
o
m
e
p
e
o
p
le
will
b
e
lab
eled
as
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
A,
ap
ar
tm
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
Ma
r
in
e
B
ase
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
is
lab
eled
as
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
B
,
an
d
ap
ar
tm
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
o
f
f
ice
r
o
f
F
in
an
cial
an
d
Dev
elo
p
m
en
t
Su
p
er
v
is
o
r
y
Ag
e
n
cy
is
lab
eled
a
s
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
C
.
T
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
,
r
e
s
id
en
tial
PV
m
o
d
u
les
4
0
0
W
p
[
2
3
]
(
1
.
7
2
5
m
×
1
.
1
3
4
m
)
i
s
s
elec
ted
.
T
h
e
PV
m
o
d
u
les
will
b
e
p
u
t
o
n
two
s
id
es
o
f
th
e
r
o
o
f
.
All
th
e
r
o
o
f
s
h
a
v
e
a
s
lo
p
e
o
f
3
2
°
.
T
h
e
b
r
o
ad
er
r
o
o
f
o
f
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
A
f
ac
es
ea
s
t
an
d
w
est
(
az
im
u
th
1
1
3
°
an
d
-
6
7
°
)
,
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
B
f
ac
es
n
o
r
t
h
a
n
d
s
o
u
th
(
5
°
a
n
d
-
1
7
5
°
)
,
an
d
Ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
C
f
ac
es
ea
s
t a
n
d
west
(
9
2
°
an
d
-
88°
).
3
.
1
.
User
ener
g
y
c
o
ns
um
ptio
n pro
f
ile
T
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
s
u
r
v
ey
e
d
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
,
ea
ch
o
f
wh
ich
h
as
d
if
f
er
en
t
in
co
m
e
lev
el.
I
n
c
o
m
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
ten
an
ts
’
b
u
y
in
g
p
o
wer
an
d
m
o
n
th
ly
e
x
p
en
d
itu
r
es.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
er
e
is
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
s
f
o
r
ev
er
y
ap
ar
tm
en
t.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
em
p
l
o
y
s
p
r
ep
ay
m
e
n
t
elec
tr
icity
,
in
wh
ich
p
eo
p
le
n
ee
d
to
to
p
u
p
th
eir
cr
e
d
it
to
u
s
e
elec
tr
icity
in
th
eir
h
o
m
es.
T
h
i
s
was
in
ten
d
ed
to
en
co
u
r
ag
e
s
av
in
g
s
in
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
av
ailab
le
to
p
-
u
p
cr
ed
it
v
ar
ied
f
r
o
m
R
p
20
,
0
0
0
(
$
1
.
2
2
)
,
R
p
50
,
0
0
0
(
$
3
.
0
5
)
,
R
p
1
0
0
,
0
0
0
(
$
6
.
1
0
)
,
to
a
m
ax
im
u
m
o
f
R
p
50
,
0
0
0
,
0
0
0
(
$
3
0
5
4
)
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
if
t
h
ey
p
aid
R
p
50
,
0
0
0
,
a
h
o
u
s
e
with
an
in
s
talled
elec
tr
icity
p
o
wer
o
f
0
.
9
k
VA
will
g
et
a
3
7
.
0
k
W
h
cr
ed
it,
wh
ile
a
1
.
3
k
VA
p
o
we
r
ed
h
o
u
s
e
will
g
et
a
3
4
.
6
k
W
h
.
T
h
e
elec
tr
icity
u
s
ag
e
r
a
n
g
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
a
p
ar
tm
en
t is p
r
es
en
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
,
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
C
h
as
th
e
h
ig
h
est
elec
tr
ici
ty
u
s
ag
e.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
A
p
a
r
t
m
en
t
A
is
f
o
r
lo
w
-
in
c
o
m
e
p
e
o
p
le,
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
ac
tiv
it
y
is
m
o
r
e
i
n
ten
s
e
th
an
th
at
o
f
t
h
e
ten
a
n
t
in
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
B
;
th
u
s
,
elec
tr
icity
u
s
ag
e
is
h
ig
h
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
h
o
w
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
C
is
s
u
p
er
io
r
in
ea
ch
c
ateg
o
r
y
:
m
in
im
u
m
,
av
er
ag
e,
an
d
m
ax
im
u
m
.
I
n
s
te
ad
o
f
u
s
in
g
an
AC
,
p
eo
p
le
liv
in
g
in
ap
ar
tm
e
n
ts
A
an
d
B
u
s
e
f
an
s
to
co
o
l
th
eir
r
o
o
m
s
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
8
4
%
o
f
p
eo
p
le
liv
in
g
in
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
C
en
jo
y
ed
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
to
f
i
g
h
t
th
e
h
ea
t
o
f
th
eir
u
n
it e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
74
3
-
75
1
746
T
ab
le
1
.
R
an
g
e
o
f
m
o
n
th
ly
ele
ctr
icity
u
s
ag
e
in
s
tu
d
ied
o
b
ject
s
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
A
(
k
W
h
)
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
B
(
k
W
h
)
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
C
(
k
W
h
)
1
4
7
.
9
1
3
8
.
4
4
8
4
.
5
1
1
0
.
9
1
0
3
.
8
3
4
6
.
1
7
4
.
0
6
9
.
2
2
7
6
.
9
5
1
.
8
4
1
.
5
2
0
7
.
7
3
7
.
0
3
4
.
6
1
3
8
.
4
1
3
.
8
6
9
.
2
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
g
ap
b
etwe
en
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
en
t in
c
o
m
e
lev
el
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
3.
2
.
F
e
a
s
ibi
lity
o
f
NZ
E
B
Sc
hem
e
1
(
ener
g
y
ind
epende
nt
bu
ild
ing
)
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
en
er
g
y
-
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
b
u
ild
in
g
s
,
an
in
itial
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
en
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
in
ea
ch
ap
ar
tm
en
t.
Ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
A
h
as
8
0
ap
ar
tm
en
t
u
n
its
,
an
d
ea
ch
o
f
th
em
h
as a
n
in
s
talled
elec
tr
icity
p
o
wer
o
f
0
.
9
k
V
A.
Ap
ar
tm
en
t B h
as 3
5
u
n
its
,
wh
ile
Ap
ar
tm
en
t
C
h
as
4
8
u
n
its
.
T
h
e
u
n
its
in
b
o
t
h
ap
ar
tm
e
n
ts
B
an
d
C
h
av
e
a
n
in
s
talled
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
o
f
1
.
3
k
VA.
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
PVGI
S
o
u
tp
u
t
is
m
o
n
t
h
ly
,
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
is
7
2
0
h
o
u
r
s
(
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
x
3
0
d
ay
s
)
.
T
o
co
v
er
b
u
ild
in
g
n
ee
d
s
,
PV p
o
wer
s
h
o
u
ld
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
m
in
im
u
m
m
o
n
th
ly
en
e
r
g
y
eq
u
al
to
o
r
g
r
ea
ter
th
a
n
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
n
ee
d
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
PVGI
S
is
c
o
n
d
u
cte
d
with
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
in
s
talled
PV
p
ea
k
p
o
wer
ta
k
e
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
th
at
m
ay
g
iv
e
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
o
f
its
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
e
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
d
em
an
d
.
T
ab
le
3
p
r
esen
ts
an
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
S
ch
em
e
1
.
I
t
is
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
a
r
ea
o
f
t
h
e
PV
m
o
d
u
le
ex
ce
e
d
s
th
e
av
ailab
le
r
o
o
f
ar
ea
,
wh
ich
r
en
d
er
s
Sch
em
e
1
u
n
f
ea
s
ib
le.
T
h
e
m
in
im
u
m
PV
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
ate
o
f
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
B
i
s
lo
wer
th
an
th
at
o
f
th
e
o
th
e
r
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
d
u
e
to
th
e
r
o
o
f
o
r
ie
n
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
r
o
o
f
p
la
n
es
o
f
A
p
ar
tm
e
n
t
B
f
ac
e
b
o
th
n
o
r
th
an
d
s
o
u
th
,
wh
ile
th
e
o
th
er
a
p
ar
tm
e
n
ts
f
ac
e
west a
n
d
ea
s
t
.
T
h
e
r
o
o
f
f
ac
in
g
ea
s
t a
n
d
west
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
h
as b
etter
in
-
p
lan
e
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
th
an
t
h
e
n
o
r
t
h
an
d
s
o
u
th
[
2
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
e
m
o
n
t
h
ly
PV
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
b
u
ild
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
d
em
an
d
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
t
h
at
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
ed
f
o
r
A
p
ar
tm
e
n
t
A
r
a
n
g
es
f
r
o
m
1
8
0
1
to
1
7
0
3
5
k
W
h
,
5
6
9
to
1
1
8
8
1
k
W
h
f
o
r
Ap
a
r
tm
en
t
B
,
an
d
1
5
7
0
to
1
4
7
3
3
k
W
h
f
o
r
A
p
ar
tm
e
n
t
C
.
W
ith
th
is
r
esu
lt,
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
n
o
t
o
n
ly
ac
t
as
NZ
E
B
b
u
t
also
as
p
o
s
itiv
e
en
er
g
y
b
u
ild
in
g
s
,
wh
ich
p
r
o
d
u
ce
m
o
r
e
en
e
r
g
y
th
a
n
th
ey
u
s
e.
I
n
th
is
s
ch
em
e,
th
e
L
o
ad
M
atch
I
n
d
ex
is
alwa
y
s
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
1
0
0
%.
T
ab
le
2
.
E
s
tim
atio
n
o
f
b
u
ild
in
g
en
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
f
o
r
S
ch
em
e
1
C
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
u
n
i
t
s
U
n
i
t
p
o
w
e
r
(
k
V
A
)
M
o
n
t
h
l
y
p
r
o
v
i
si
o
n
d
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
(
h
o
u
r
s)
En
e
r
g
y
d
e
ma
n
d
(
k
W
h
)
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
A
80
0
.
9
7
2
0
5
1
8
4
0
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
B
35
1
.
3
7
2
0
3
2
7
6
0
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
C
48
1
.
3
7
2
0
4
4
9
2
8
T
ab
le
3
.
NZ
E
B
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
f
o
r
S
ch
em
e
1
C
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
R
o
o
f
a
r
e
a
(m
2
)
P
V
p
o
w
e
r
(
k
W
p
)
M
i
n
i
m
u
m
P
V
m
o
n
t
h
l
y
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
(
k
W
h
)
M
i
n
i
m
u
m
P
V
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
r
a
t
e
(
k
W
h
/
k
W
p
)
A
r
e
a
f
o
r
P
V
mo
d
u
l
e
(
m
2
)
P
V
a
r
e
a
o
c
c
u
p
a
t
i
o
n
(
%)
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
A
1
3
3
1
5
8
0
5
3
6
4
1
9
2
.
5
2
8
3
6
.
2
2
1
3
%
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
B
1
0
1
0
3
8
0
3
3
3
2
9
8
7
.
1
1
8
5
8
.
3
1
8
4
%
A
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
C
1
2
2
6
5
0
0
4
6
4
9
8
93
2
4
4
5
.
2
1
9
9
%
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Th
e
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
o
te
n
tia
l o
f n
et
z
ero
en
erg
y
b
u
ild
in
g
u
s
in
g
…
(
A
b
d
i G
u
n
a
w
a
n
Dja
fa
r
)
747
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
PV
m
o
n
th
ly
p
r
o
d
u
ct
io
n
o
n
3
ap
a
r
tm
en
ts
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
lar
g
er
th
a
n
b
u
ild
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
3.
3
.
F
e
a
s
ibi
lity
o
f
NZ
E
B
Sc
hem
e
2
(
f
ulfillm
ent
o
f
bu
ild
ing
ener
g
y
co
ns
um
ptio
n)
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
Sch
em
e
2
is
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
cy
o
n
n
o
n
-
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
b
y
u
s
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
.
As
lear
n
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
ab
o
v
e
s
ch
em
e,
ac
h
i
ev
in
g
an
NZ
E
B
th
at
co
v
er
s
t
h
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
m
ax
im
u
m
in
s
talled
elec
tr
icity
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
b
y
r
ely
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
PV
o
n
t
h
e
r
o
o
f
is
n
o
t
f
ea
s
ib
le.
T
h
er
e
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
a
n
o
th
er
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
to
ac
c
o
m
p
lis
h
NZ
E
B
in
th
is
s
ch
em
e.
Sch
em
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
PV p
o
wer
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
ten
an
t
’
s
to
tal
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
as
th
e
b
ase
v
alu
e.
T
ab
le
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
o
n
th
l
y
e
n
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
u
r
v
ey
d
ata.
Alth
o
u
g
h
A
p
a
r
tm
en
t
C
h
as
o
n
ly
4
8
u
n
its
,
th
e
av
e
r
ag
e
m
o
n
th
ly
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
i
s
s
o
h
ig
h
th
at
t
h
e
m
o
n
th
ly
e
n
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
h
as
s
k
y
r
o
ck
eted
.
T
o
m
ee
t
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
d
em
a
n
d
,
th
e
PV
p
o
wer
s
h
o
u
ld
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
m
in
im
u
m
e
n
er
g
y
eq
u
al
t
o
o
r
m
o
r
e.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
PVGI
S
s
im
u
latio
n
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
th
e
PV
p
o
wer
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
s
u
p
p
ly
t
h
e
ap
a
r
tm
en
ts
.
T
h
e
v
al
u
es
ar
e
7
0
k
W
p
f
o
r
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
A,
2
4
k
W
p
f
o
r
Ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
B
,
an
d
1
2
0
k
W
p
f
o
r
Ap
ar
tm
e
n
t
C
.
A
ll
th
e
PV
m
o
d
u
les
m
ay
f
it o
n
th
e
r
o
o
f
s
in
ce
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
a
r
ea
is
s
m
aller
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th
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m
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.
3
.
4
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Da
t
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im
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latio
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r
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d
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Alth
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ar
ticle
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o
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ic
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o
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T
h
e
PV
p
r
o
d
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ate
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PV
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tak
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f
r
o
m
th
e
an
n
u
al
elec
tr
icity
b
ill
s
av
in
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s
[
2
5
]
.
T
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[
2
6
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I
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2
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2
I
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Vo
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14
,
No
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3
,
Sep
tem
b
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20
25
:
74
3
-
75
1
748
T
ab
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4
.
NZ
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Sch
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o
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h
l
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k
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h
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m
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k
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3
3
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5
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bet
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he
s
chem
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T
h
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p
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in
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t
is
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PV
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tem
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p
p
ly
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iev
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2
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in
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h
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m
a
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Ho
wev
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to
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th
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f
elec
t
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icity
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k
en
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3
.
6
.
T
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i
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iciency
T
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s
f
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d
if
f
er
en
t
a
p
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tm
en
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w
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3
in
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m
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p
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A
is
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d
th
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aila
b
le
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n
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ab
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twice
o
f
th
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th
er
ap
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tm
e
n
t
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its
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u
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in
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d
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B
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p
eo
p
le
in
th
e
two
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
d
esp
ite
th
e
s
co
r
c
h
in
g
h
ea
t
o
f
th
e
tr
o
p
ical
clim
ate
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
Pro
v
id
e
d
th
at
p
eo
p
le
i
n
A
p
ar
tm
e
n
t
C
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
th
ei
r
d
ep
en
d
e
n
ce
o
n
air
co
n
d
itio
n
er
s
an
d
u
s
e
f
a
n
s
f
o
r
v
en
tilatio
n
,
t
h
e
b
u
ild
in
g
will
co
n
s
u
m
e
less
en
er
g
y
.
I
n
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e,
th
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
t
o
s
tu
d
y
th
e
p
er
ce
iv
ed
th
er
m
al
s
en
s
atio
n
o
f
p
e
o
p
le
in
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
A
a
n
d
B
to
o
b
tain
a
k
e
y
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
in
th
is
ty
p
e
o
f
m
i
d
d
le
-
r
is
e
b
u
ild
in
g
i
n
Go
r
o
n
talo
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
ab
o
v
e,
it
is
clea
r
th
at
NZ
E
B
is
f
ea
s
ib
le
in
Go
r
o
n
talo
ap
ar
tm
en
ts
u
s
in
g
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
(
in
Sch
em
e
2
)
ca
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
th
e
ap
ar
tm
en
t'
s
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
s
,
an
d
th
e
r
o
o
f
s
p
ac
e
is
m
o
r
e
th
an
en
o
u
g
h
to
c
o
v
er
th
e
PV
in
s
tallatio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
h
as
n
o
t
y
et
co
n
s
id
er
ed
en
e
r
g
y
e
f
f
icien
cy
m
ea
s
u
r
es
to
r
e
d
u
ce
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
an
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
PV
ca
p
ac
ity
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
NZ
E
B
co
n
ce
p
t
h
as p
o
ten
tial f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
.
3
.
7
.
E
nh
a
ncing
a
do
ptio
n o
f
net
ze
ro
ener
g
y
bu
ild
ing
Giv
en
th
at
NZ
E
B
is
ap
p
licab
l
e,
th
e
n
ex
t
s
tep
is
to
en
co
u
r
ag
e
its
ad
o
p
tio
n
in
b
u
ild
in
g
s
.
N
Z
E
B
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
b
y
r
etr
o
f
itti
n
g
an
o
ld
b
u
ild
in
g
a
n
d
co
n
s
tr
u
ctin
g
a
n
ew
NZ
E
B
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
r
etr
o
f
itti
n
g
m
eth
o
d
is
a
m
o
r
e
f
av
o
r
ab
le
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
t
h
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
NZ
E
B
th
a
n
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
a
n
ew
b
u
ild
in
g
,
as
it is
a
p
r
ac
tical
wa
y
to
s
av
e
m
o
r
e
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
a
n
e
x
is
tin
g
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
b
u
r
d
e
n
th
a
t
co
m
es
f
r
o
m
n
ew
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Th
e
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
o
te
n
tia
l o
f n
et
z
ero
en
erg
y
b
u
ild
in
g
u
s
in
g
…
(
A
b
d
i G
u
n
a
w
a
n
Dja
fa
r
)
749
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
[
2
7
]
.
Fin
an
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
s
h
o
u
ld
f
a
cilitate
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
n
e
t
-
ze
r
o
en
er
g
y
in
t
h
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
ec
to
r
.
A
well
-
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
f
in
an
cial
in
ce
n
tiv
e
ca
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
s
tim
u
late
th
e
m
ar
k
et
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
b
u
ild
in
g
s
[
2
8
]
.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
is
o
n
th
e
tr
ac
k
o
f
g
r
ee
n
b
u
ild
in
g
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
a
n
d
n
et
-
ze
r
o
g
o
als.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
r
e
g
u
latio
n
is
o
n
ly
m
an
d
ato
r
y
f
o
r
lar
g
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
(
f
lo
o
r
ar
ea
s
a
b
o
v
e
5
0
0
0
m
2
)
an
d
lack
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
f
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
,
th
e
r
eb
y
i
n
h
ib
itin
g
th
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
NZ
E
B
in
s
m
all
-
s
ca
le
b
u
ild
in
g
s
[
2
9
]
.
M
o
r
e
r
esear
ch
is
n
ee
d
ed
to
h
i
g
h
lig
h
t th
e
u
r
g
e
n
cy
o
f
NZ
E
B
ad
o
p
tio
n
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
3
.
8
.
Renew
a
ble
ener
g
y
co
ns
um
ptio
n beha
v
io
r
As
s
tated
in
a
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
y
,
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
b
e
h
a
v
io
r
s
h
av
e
a
g
r
ea
ter
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
en
e
r
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
3
0
]
.
A
s
tu
d
y
o
f
th
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
s
i
n
s
tallin
g
PV
s
y
s
tem
s
o
n
r
o
o
f
s
r
ep
o
r
ted
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
1
8
%
in
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
d
u
e
to
ch
a
n
g
es
in
th
e
th
e
r
m
o
s
tat
s
ettin
g
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
e
s
en
ce
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
in
b
u
ild
in
g
s
h
as
g
iv
en
p
eo
p
le
th
e
f
ee
lin
g
o
f
en
er
g
y
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
ce
an
d
ac
t
as
if
t
h
ey
co
u
ld
u
s
e
it
as
m
u
ch
as
th
ey
wan
t.
I
n
J
o
r
d
an
,
PV
co
m
p
an
ies
en
c
o
u
r
ag
e
p
e
o
p
le
to
in
s
tall
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
with
ca
p
ac
ities
h
ig
h
er
t
h
an
th
e
en
er
g
y
d
e
m
an
d
s
o
th
at
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
s
ca
n
u
tili
ze
th
e
en
er
g
y
f
r
ee
ly
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
av
er
ag
e
an
n
u
al
en
e
r
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
4
1
%
[
3
2
]
.
T
o
co
p
e
with
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
o
n
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
c
e
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
ad
o
p
tio
n
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
awa
r
en
ess
is
an
u
r
g
en
t
m
atter
b
ef
o
r
e
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
is
p
r
esen
ted
to
s
o
ciety
.
T
h
is
is
e
s
p
ec
ially
tr
u
e
f
o
r
lo
w
-
in
c
o
m
e
p
eo
p
le
(
f
o
r
e
x
am
p
le,
r
esid
en
ts
o
f
ap
ar
tm
e
n
ts
f
o
r
lo
w
-
in
co
m
e
p
eo
p
le
)
,
wh
e
r
e
th
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
m
ig
h
t
lo
o
s
en
th
eir
f
in
a
n
cial
r
estrictio
n
s
o
n
u
s
in
g
m
o
r
e
en
er
g
y
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
R
o
o
f
to
p
PV
ca
n
n
o
t
m
ee
t
th
e
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
s
o
f
b
u
ild
in
g
s
to
ac
h
iev
e
NZ
E
B
in
S
ch
em
e
1
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
th
e
PV
o
n
th
e
r
o
o
f
f
ar
ex
ce
ed
s
th
e
av
ailab
le
s
p
a
ce
o
n
th
e
r
o
o
f
.
T
o
ex
ten
d
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
es
f
o
r
PV
u
tili
za
tio
n
,
th
e
p
ar
k
in
g
lo
t’
s
r
o
o
f
an
d
b
u
ild
in
g
f
ac
ad
e
co
u
ld
b
e
tak
en
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
.
Me
a
n
wh
ile,
f
o
r
S
ch
em
e
2
,
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
is
f
ea
s
ib
le
to
c
o
v
e
r
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
ten
an
t
e
n
er
g
y
d
e
m
an
d
.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
en
e
r
g
y
,
b
u
ild
in
g
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
a
p
o
wer
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
b
u
ild
in
g
u
s
er
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
af
f
ec
t
s
th
e
f
u
lf
illme
n
t
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
in
b
u
ild
in
g
s
.
T
e
n
an
ts
i
n
A
p
ar
tm
en
t
C
s
p
en
d
two
t
o
t
h
r
ee
tim
es
m
o
r
e
elec
tr
icity
th
a
n
th
e
av
e
r
ag
e
u
s
ag
e
in
o
th
er
ap
ar
tm
e
n
ts
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
ir
f
i
n
an
cial
ca
p
a
b
il
ity
to
u
s
e
elec
tr
o
n
ic
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
with
m
o
r
e
p
o
wer
.
T
h
er
e
is
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
in
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
o
v
er
tim
e.
B
u
ild
in
g
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
ic
ien
cy
m
ea
s
u
r
es
an
d
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
b
eh
a
v
io
r
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
to
s
u
p
p
r
ess
th
e
s
u
r
g
e
in
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
d
e
n
s
e
r
esid
en
tial
b
u
ild
in
g
s
s
u
ch
as
a
p
ar
tm
en
ts
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
is
ap
p
licab
le
to
all
r
esear
ch
er
s
d
u
e
to
its
co
n
v
e
n
ien
ce
,
in
a
d
d
itio
n
to
th
e
o
p
e
n
-
ac
ce
s
s
p
r
o
g
r
am
(
PVGI
S).
E
ac
h
b
u
ild
in
g
t
y
p
e
h
as
a
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
en
er
g
y
d
e
m
an
d
as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
e
ac
tiv
ity
in
th
e
b
u
ild
i
n
g
,
d
en
s
ity
,
an
d
b
u
ild
in
g
d
e
s
ig
n
.
Dif
f
er
en
ce
s
in
g
eo
g
r
a
p
h
ical
lo
ca
tio
n
m
a
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
in
s
o
la
r
r
ad
iatio
n
g
ain
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
ea
ch
b
u
ild
i
n
g
h
as
its
o
wn
u
n
iq
u
e
en
er
g
y
d
em
an
d
an
d
s
u
p
p
ly
.
Utilizatio
n
o
f
t
h
is
m
eth
o
d
o
n
a
lar
g
er
s
ca
le
(
b
u
ild
in
g
ty
p
es
an
d
lo
ca
tio
n
)
will
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
g
ain
in
g
m
o
r
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
an
d
a
n
al
y
s
is
.
Ultim
ately
,
p
r
o
v
id
es
m
o
r
e
in
s
ig
h
t
in
to
th
e
f
ea
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.
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h
e
tea
c
h
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s
b
u
il
d
i
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g
m
a
teria
l
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
b
u
il
d
in
g
sc
ien
c
e
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
d
a
r
c
h
it
e
c
tu
re
d
e
sig
n
.
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r
a
re
a
s
o
f
e
x
p
e
rti
se
i
n
c
lu
d
e
b
u
il
d
in
g
sc
ien
c
e
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
with
a
s
p
e
c
ializa
ti
o
n
in
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
m
a
teria
ls
a
n
d
th
e
rm
a
l
c
o
m
fo
rt.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
n
i
n
iek
@u
n
g
.
a
c
.
id
.
Ya
sin
Mo
h
a
m
a
d
is
a
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
rica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
S
tate
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
G
o
ro
n
talo
.
He
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
is
m
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
G
a
d
jah
M
a
d
a
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta
,
in
2
0
0
6
.
His
sp
e
c
ialty
is
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
He
h
a
s
c
o
n
d
u
c
ted
se
v
e
ra
l
re
se
a
rc
h
in
th
e
e
n
e
rg
y
field
a
n
d
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
in
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
i
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
y
a
sin
m
o
h
a
m
a
d
@u
n
g
.
a
c
.
id
.
Zh
iq
ia
n
g
J
o
h
n
Zh
a
i
is
a
P
r
o
fe
ss
o
r
i
n
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Ci
v
il
,
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal,
a
n
d
Arc
h
it
e
c
tu
ra
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
CEAE)
a
t
th
e
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Co
l
o
ra
d
o
a
t
B
o
u
l
d
e
r
(CUB)
a
n
d
th
e
site
d
irec
to
r
o
f
th
e
US
NS
F
B
u
il
d
i
n
g
En
e
r
g
y
S
m
a
rt
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
i
e
s
(BES
T)
Ce
n
ter.
He
h
a
s
a
u
n
i
q
u
e
a
n
d
in
teg
ra
te
d
b
a
c
k
g
ro
u
n
d
i
n
a
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
a
n
d
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
with
a
P
h
.
D
.
in
M
e
c
h
a
n
ics
fro
m
Tsin
g
h
u
a
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
a
n
d
a
P
h
.
D
.
i
n
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
fr
o
m
M
IT.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
jo
h
n
.
z
h
a
i@c
o
l
o
ra
d
o
.
e
d
u
.
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