I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
,
p
p
.
8
69
~
8
77
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijaas
.
v
14
.
i
3
.
pp
8
69
-
8
77
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if
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s
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s
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lan
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h
l
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ri
n
e
d
isi
n
fe
c
ti
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n
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K
ey
w
o
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d
s
:
C
y
to
to
x
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Pap
er
tr
ash
T
r
ih
alo
m
eth
an
es
UV
ab
s
o
r
b
an
ce
UV
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r
ad
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T
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is i
s
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n
o
p
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n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Nia
Yu
n
iar
ti Ha
s
an
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
Hea
lth
,
Hea
lth
Po
ly
tech
n
ic
Ke
m
en
k
es B
an
d
u
n
g
C
im
ah
i,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: n
iay
u
n
iar
ti@
s
taf
f
.
p
o
lte
k
k
esb
an
d
u
n
g
.
ac
.
id
.
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Pap
er
is
an
ir
r
ep
lace
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
ev
en
as
tim
e
p
ass
es.
Pap
er
is
u
tili
ze
d
in
o
f
f
ice
b
u
ild
in
g
s
,
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
an
d
s
h
o
p
p
i
n
g
m
alls
.
T
h
is
is
al
s
o
r
ein
f
o
r
ce
d
b
y
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
ep
id
em
ic,
in
wh
ich
it
is
u
tili
ze
d
as
en
v
elo
p
es
an
d
p
ac
k
ag
e
wr
a
p
p
er
s
in
t
h
e
b
u
y
in
g
an
d
s
ellin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
is
f
r
eq
u
en
tly
d
o
n
e
o
n
lin
e.
T
h
e
g
r
o
win
g
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
p
ap
er
h
as
co
n
tr
i
b
u
ted
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
ly
to
a
r
is
e
i
n
r
esid
en
tial
waste
in
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
an
d
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
wo
r
ld
[
1
]
.
I
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
g
ar
b
a
g
e
d
is
p
o
s
al
is
n
o
t
lim
ited
to
t
h
e
f
in
al
d
is
p
o
s
al
s
ite
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
Peo
p
le'
s
u
n
h
ea
lth
y
h
ab
its
r
esu
lt
in
v
ast
g
ar
b
ag
e
b
ein
g
d
u
m
p
ed
in
to
wate
r
b
o
d
ie
s
s
u
ch
as
r
iv
er
s
an
d
lak
es,
wh
ic
h
ar
e
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
wate
r
s
u
p
p
lies
f
o
r
d
r
i
n
k
in
g
w
ater
tr
ea
tm
en
t
p
lan
t
s
(
W
T
P)
a
n
d
th
e
o
ce
an
[
3
]
.
Pap
er
waste
is
k
n
o
wn
t
o
r
elea
s
e
o
r
g
an
ic
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
in
wate
r
b
o
d
ies
[
4
]
–
[
6
]
,
lo
wer
i
n
g
th
e
d
is
s
o
lv
ed
o
x
y
g
en
a
n
d
ca
u
s
in
g
wate
r
p
o
llu
tio
n
[
7
]
.
W
aste
d
i
s
p
o
s
ed
o
f
in
lan
d
f
ills
ca
n
leac
h
,
ca
u
s
in
g
d
is
s
o
lv
ed
o
r
g
an
ic
m
atter
(
DOM
)
to
co
n
ta
m
in
ate
g
r
o
u
n
d
an
d
s
u
r
f
ac
e
wate
r
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
wh
en
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
u
ltra
v
i
o
let
(
UV)
r
ay
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
u
n
[
4
]
.
Dir
ec
tly
to
s
s
in
g
r
u
b
b
is
h
,
o
n
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
is
m
o
r
e
lik
e
ly
to
r
elea
s
e
o
r
g
a
n
ic
m
ater
ial
an
d
p
o
ll
u
te
th
e
wate
r
[
5
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
8
69
-
8
77
870
W
a
t
e
r
d
i
s
i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
s
c
r
u
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o
r
p
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t
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c
t
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g
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u
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a
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[
8
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.
T
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a
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b
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d
d
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b
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[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
p
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s
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n
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o
f
D
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T
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,
h
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[
1
1
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[
1
2
]
.
I
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g
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r
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t
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[
1
3
]
.
T
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t
h
r
e
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
h
y
d
r
o
g
e
n
a
t
o
m
s
i
n
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
(
C
H
4
)
a
r
e
r
e
p
l
a
c
e
d
w
i
t
h
h
a
l
o
g
e
n
s
.
T
H
M
s
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
c
o
n
t
a
m
i
n
a
n
t
s
,
a
n
d
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
a
r
e
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
e
d
c
a
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n
i
c
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
T
H
M
4
(
t
r
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
(
T
C
M
)
,
b
r
o
m
o
d
i
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
(
B
D
C
M
)
,
d
i
b
r
o
m
o
c
h
l
o
r
o
m
e
t
h
a
n
e
(
D
B
C
M
)
,
a
n
d
b
r
o
m
o
f
o
r
m
(
T
B
M
)
)
i
s
a
g
r
o
u
p
B
c
a
r
c
i
n
o
g
e
n
(
i
t
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
s
h
o
w
n
t
o
c
a
u
s
e
c
a
n
c
e
r
i
n
e
x
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
a
n
i
m
a
l
s
)
.
T
h
e
U
n
i
t
e
d
S
t
a
t
e
s
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
A
g
e
n
c
y
(
U
S
E
P
A
)
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
a
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
c
o
n
t
a
m
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
o
f
8
0
μ
g
/
L
f
o
r
t
o
t
a
l
T
H
M
4
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
W
H
O
'
s
g
u
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
f
o
r
d
r
i
n
k
i
n
g
w
a
t
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
(
G
D
W
Q
)
s
e
t
l
i
m
i
t
s
f
o
r
t
o
t
a
l
T
H
M
s
o
f
3
0
0
μ
g
/
L
f
o
r
T
C
M
,
1
0
0
μ
g
/
L
f
o
r
T
B
M
,
6
0
μ
g
/
L
f
o
r
B
D
C
M
,
a
n
d
1
0
0
μ
g
/
L
f
o
r
D
B
C
M
[
1
6
]
.
Ultr
a
v
i
o
le
t
-
v
is
i
b
l
e
(
U
V
-
Vis
)
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
h
as
b
e
e
n
u
s
e
d
t
o
id
en
t
if
y
DOM
i
n
wa
te
r
an
d
is
li
n
k
e
d
to
t
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
DB
Ps
[
1
7
]
–
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
a
d
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
U
V
-
Vis
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
ce
is
t
h
at
it
c
a
n
i
d
e
n
t
if
y
D
OM
'
s
ch
r
o
m
o
p
h
o
r
e
c
h
a
r
a
cte
r
is
t
ics
[
2
0
]
.
O
n
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
h
a
n
d
,
ch
r
o
m
o
p
h
o
r
e
DO
M
h
as
b
e
e
n
s
h
o
wn
t
o
h
av
e
h
i
g
h
DB
P
p
r
ec
u
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
p
er
ties
[
2
1
]
.
S
ev
er
al
i
n
v
est
ig
ati
o
n
s
h
a
v
e
e
m
p
l
o
y
e
d
UV
-
V
is
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
ce
to
d
ete
ct
D
OM
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
g
e
n
e
r
at
io
n
o
f
DB
Ps
s
u
c
h
as
T
HM
s
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
,
HAA
s
[
2
4
]
,
an
d
p
h
en
o
l
ic
DB
Ps
[
2
5
]
.
Pr
e
v
i
o
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
m
o
s
tl
y
o
n
l
y
r
ela
te
UV
-
Vis
s
p
e
ctr
a
t
o
t
h
e
p
r
es
en
ce
o
f
n
a
tu
r
a
l o
r
g
an
ic
m
att
er
(
NO
M)
w
h
il
e
t
h
e
r
el
ati
o
n
s
h
ip
w
it
h
an
t
h
r
o
p
o
g
e
n
i
c
o
r
g
a
n
ic
m
att
er
i
s
s
til
l
v
e
r
y
l
ittl
e
k
n
o
w
n
[
2
2
]
–
[
2
5
]
.
T
o
t
h
e
b
est
o
f
o
u
r
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
,
p
u
b
lic
ati
o
n
o
n
th
e
d
et
ec
ti
o
n
o
f
o
r
g
a
n
ic
m
atte
r
i
n
w
at
er
f
r
o
m
p
a
p
e
r
t
r
as
h
ass
o
ciat
e
d
w
it
h
T
HM
s
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
is
s
til
l l
ac
k
i
n
g
.
Giv
en
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
p
r
o
d
u
cti
o
n
o
f
p
a
p
er
t
r
ash
,
m
itig
atio
n
m
u
s
t
b
e
im
p
le
m
en
ted
t
o
d
ete
r
m
in
e
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
is
waste
o
n
th
e
p
r
e
s
en
ce
o
f
o
r
g
an
ic
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
in
p
o
llu
ted
wate
r
.
Usi
n
g
U
V
-
Vis
’
s
ab
s
o
r
b
an
ce
s
p
ec
tr
a,
th
is
wo
r
k
h
as
d
ev
elo
p
ed
a
n
o
v
el
m
eth
o
d
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
o
r
g
an
ic
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
cr
ea
ted
b
y
p
a
p
er
waste
in
wat
er
u
n
d
er
UV
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
.
T
h
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
f
o
r
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
cy
to
to
x
ic
r
is
k
ass
ess
m
en
ts
we
r
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
to
esti
m
ate
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
em
p
lo
y
in
g
wate
r
p
o
llu
ted
with
p
ap
e
r
waste
as a
wate
r
s
o
u
r
ce
in
th
e
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t p
r
o
c
ess
u
s
in
g
ch
lo
r
in
e
d
is
in
f
ec
tio
n
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Sa
m
ples
a
nd
ch
em
ica
ls
T
h
e
p
ap
er
s
am
p
les
u
s
ed
ar
e
p
l
ain
p
ap
er
an
d
wr
itten
p
ap
er
f
r
o
m
ca
m
p
u
s
g
ar
b
ag
e.
Deio
n
ize
d
wate
r
is
u
s
ed
to
av
o
id
o
r
g
a
n
ic
co
n
tam
in
an
ts
th
at
co
u
l
d
d
is
r
u
p
t
th
e
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Sig
m
a
Ald
r
i
ch
(
USA)
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
th
e
T
HM
4
s
tan
d
ar
d
,
wh
ile
M
er
ck
(
Ger
m
a
n
y
)
s
u
p
p
l
ied
m
et
h
y
l
ter
tiar
y
b
u
ty
l
eth
er
(
MT
B
E
)
an
d
p
o
tass
iu
m
b
r
o
m
id
e.
L
o
ca
l
(
I
n
d
o
n
esia)
s
o
d
iu
m
s
u
lf
ate
an
d
s
o
d
iu
m
h
y
p
o
ch
lo
r
ite
w
er
e
p
u
r
ch
ased
f
r
o
m
B
r
atac
h
em
an
d
Pu
d
ak
Scien
tific
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
2
.
2
.
UV
irra
dia
t
i
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
a
s
ch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
f
o
r
th
e
UV
ir
r
ad
ia
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
E
ac
h
p
iece
o
f
p
ap
er
was
weig
h
ed
at
5
g
r
am
s
an
d
s
o
ak
e
d
in
5
0
0
m
L
o
f
d
eio
n
ized
wat
er
in
a
g
lass
b
ea
k
er
.
Du
r
in
g
i
m
m
er
s
io
n
,
UV
lig
h
t
(
2
5
4
n
m
)
was
ex
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
1
,
6
,
1
2
,
2
4
,
a
n
d
4
8
h
o
u
r
s
to
s
im
u
late
s
o
lar
r
ad
iati
o
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
at
tim
e.
Af
ter
UV
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e,
th
e
s
am
p
le
was
f
ilter
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
0
.
4
5
µm
f
ilter
to
r
em
o
v
e
s
u
s
p
en
d
e
d
p
ar
t
icles
b
ef
o
r
e
b
ein
g
p
r
ep
ar
e
d
f
o
r
UV
ab
s
o
r
b
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t a
n
d
ch
lo
r
i
n
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
UV
ir
r
a
d
iatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
2.
3
.
Chlo
rina
t
io
n a
nd
T
H
M
4
ex
t
ra
c
t
io
n
T
h
e
ch
lo
r
in
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
o
n
9
6
m
L
o
f
s
am
p
le
wate
r
b
y
a
d
d
in
g
1
m
L
o
f
1
0
%
s
o
d
iu
m
h
y
p
o
c
h
lo
r
ite
s
o
l
u
tio
n
,
1
m
L
o
f
p
o
tass
iu
m
b
r
o
m
id
e,
an
d
1
m
L
o
f
p
H
7
p
h
o
s
p
h
ate
b
u
f
f
e
r
.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Dis
s
o
lved
o
r
g
a
n
ic
ma
tter
r
ele
a
s
ed
fr
o
m
p
a
p
er tr
a
s
h
in
w
a
te
r
d
u
r
in
g
u
ltr
a
vio
let
…
(
Teg
u
h
B
u
d
i P
r
ija
n
to
)
871
s
am
p
les
wer
e
m
ain
tain
e
d
at
r
o
o
m
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
an
d
in
t
h
e
d
ar
k
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
.
Af
ter
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
,
1
m
L
o
f
s
atu
r
ated
s
o
d
iu
m
s
u
lf
ite
s
o
lu
tio
n
was
ad
d
ed
to
ter
m
i
n
ate
th
e
ch
lo
r
i
n
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
an
d
th
e
s
am
p
le
was r
ea
d
y
f
o
r
T
HM
4
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
e
T
HM
4
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
llo
wed
th
e
USEPA'
s
[
2
6
]
liq
u
id
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
(
L
L
E
)
g
u
id
elin
es.
A
to
tal
o
f
5
0
m
L
o
f
s
am
p
le
was
d
ep
o
s
ited
in
a
6
0
m
L
E
PA
v
ial,
th
en
2
0
g
r
am
s
o
f
s
o
d
iu
m
s
u
lf
ate
an
d
3
m
L
o
f
MT
B
E
wer
e
ad
d
ed
.
T
h
e
v
ial
was
th
en
clo
s
ed
an
d
s
h
ak
en
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
f
o
r
f
o
u
r
m
in
u
t
es.
Af
ter
4
m
in
u
tes,
th
e
s
am
p
le
was
allo
wed
to
s
p
lit
in
to
two
p
h
ases
f
o
r
5
m
in
u
tes
.
Af
ter
th
e
p
h
ases
wer
e
s
ep
ar
ated
,
1
m
L
o
f
th
e
MT
B
E
p
h
ase
was
co
llected
with
a
m
icr
o
p
ip
ette
a
n
d
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
a
1
.
5
m
L
au
to
s
am
p
ler
v
ial
f
o
r
T
HM
4
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t.
2
.
4
.
Ana
ly
t
ica
l m
e
t
ho
ds
A
UV
-
Vis
s
p
ec
tr
o
p
h
o
to
m
ete
r
(
Sh
im
ad
zu
UV
-
1
7
0
0
)
was
u
s
ed
to
ex
am
i
n
e
th
e
ch
em
ical
s
u
b
s
tan
ce
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
p
ap
e
r
s
am
p
les.
T
h
e
s
am
p
le
is
e
x
am
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4
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S
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m
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D
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3
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a
tio
n
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
as
UV
r
ad
iati
o
n
tim
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
.
T
HM
4
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
i
n
wr
itten
p
ap
er
s
am
p
les
is
h
ig
h
er
th
an
in
p
lain
p
ap
er
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
c
o
m
b
in
e
d
T
HM
4
(
T
C
M
an
d
T
B
M)
.
Af
ter
o
n
e
h
o
u
r
o
f
UV
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e,
T
C
M,
B
DC
M,
C
D
B
M,
an
d
T
B
M
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ates
wer
e
7
9
.
1
5
,
2
.
3
6
,
0
.
4
7
,
an
d
3
0
.
8
2
µ
g
/L,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Af
te
r
4
8
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
ir
r
a
d
iatio
n
,
T
C
M
f
o
r
m
atio
n
was r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
m
o
r
e
th
an
th
r
ee
tim
es
its
p
r
io
r
c
o
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
.
T
h
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
C
DB
M
an
d
T
B
M
r
o
s
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
th
e
p
r
i
o
r
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
,
wh
ile
C
DB
M
f
o
r
m
atio
n
elev
ated
,
alth
o
u
g
h
n
o
t
d
r
am
atica
lly
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
o
f
B
DC
M
an
d
T
B
M
in
cr
ea
s
ed
f
ar
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
T
C
M
an
d
C
DB
M.
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
B
DC
M
an
d
T
B
M
r
o
s
e
b
y
1
2
5
8
.
0
5
a
n
d
2
8
0
.
6
6
%,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
B
M
l
ev
els
ca
n
r
is
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tl
y
w
h
en
h
y
d
r
o
p
h
ilic
c
h
em
ical
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
f
r
o
m
p
a
p
er
an
d
in
k
ar
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
3
4
]
.
T
h
is
is
also
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
r
elea
s
e
o
f
b
r
o
m
in
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
p
r
o
c
ess
d
u
e
to
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
b
r
o
m
id
e
in
th
e
wate
r
[
3
5
]
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
DOM
in
p
ap
er
ca
n
b
e
b
r
o
k
e
n
d
o
wn
b
y
UV
r
a
d
iatio
n
i
n
to
s
im
p
ler
,
h
y
d
r
o
p
h
ilic
o
r
g
a
n
ic
m
ater
ials
an
d
r
ad
icals
[
3
6
]
.
T
C
M
f
o
r
m
atio
n
m
a
y
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
e
b
r
ea
k
d
o
wn
o
f
p
h
e
n
o
lic
ch
em
icals
leac
h
ed
f
r
o
m
p
ap
er
a
n
d
i
nk
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
UV
r
a
d
iatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
DOM
r
elea
s
ed
b
y
p
ap
er
tr
ash
h
as
a
h
ig
h
er
f
o
r
m
atio
n
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
to
th
at
r
elea
s
e
d
b
y
m
icr
o
p
last
ics
[
3
7
]
.
Pap
er
is
cr
ea
ted
f
r
o
m
wo
o
d
,
wh
ich
co
n
tain
s
o
r
g
an
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
s
u
ch
as
lig
n
in
an
d
ce
llu
lo
s
e,
wh
ich
a
r
e
p
r
ec
u
r
s
o
r
s
o
f
DB
Ps
[
3
8
]
,
wh
er
ea
s
in
k
m
ay
co
n
tain
s
y
n
t
h
etic
o
r
g
an
ic
d
y
es
,
wh
ich
ar
e
a
ls
o
p
r
ec
u
r
s
o
r
s
o
f
DB
P
s
[
3
9
]
.
T
h
e
to
tal
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
c
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
f
f
ec
t o
f
UV
ir
r
ad
iat
io
n
tim
e
o
n
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
d
u
r
in
g
ch
lo
r
i
n
atio
n
o
f
wate
r
i
m
m
er
s
ed
b
y
p
lain
an
d
wr
itten
p
a
p
er
of
(
a)
p
lain
p
ap
er
,
(
b
)
wr
itten
p
ap
er
,
an
d
(
c)
t
-
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
ch
lo
r
in
atio
n
,
C
l2
1
0
m
g
/L,
a
n
d
B
r
-
1
m
g
/L)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Dis
s
o
lved
o
r
g
a
n
ic
ma
tter
r
ele
a
s
ed
fr
o
m
p
a
p
er tr
a
s
h
in
w
a
te
r
d
u
r
in
g
u
ltr
a
vio
let
…
(
Teg
u
h
B
u
d
i P
r
ija
n
to
)
873
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
all
T
HM
4
s
p
ec
ies
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
UV
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
o
f
p
lain
an
d
wr
itten
p
ap
er
s
am
p
les
in
wate
r
f
o
llo
win
g
ch
lo
r
in
a
tio
n
,
to
tal
T
HM
4
(
tTH
M4
)
in
cr
ea
s
ed
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
.
T
h
e
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
o
f
t
-
T
HM
4
in
p
lain
p
ap
er
s
am
p
les
in
cr
ea
s
e
d
f
r
o
m
3
0
.
4
8
µg
/L
af
ter
3
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
UV
lig
h
t
to
1
0
3
.
1
2
µg
/L
af
ter
4
8
h
o
u
r
s
,
e
x
ce
ed
in
g
th
e
USEPA
s
tan
d
ar
d
.
B
ased
o
n
th
is
,
th
e
p
r
esen
c
e
o
f
p
ap
er
in
wa
ter
lead
s
to
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
T
H
M4
if
th
e
wate
r
r
ec
eiv
es
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
to
UV
lig
h
t
b
ec
au
s
e
it
ca
n
r
elea
s
e
o
r
g
an
ic
ch
em
icals
,
wh
ich
ar
e
T
HM
4
p
r
ec
u
r
s
o
r
s
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
ce
n
tr
ati
o
n
o
f
t
-
T
HM
4
in
th
e
wr
itten
p
ap
er
s
am
p
les
in
cr
ea
s
ed
f
r
o
m
1
1
3
.
5
1
µg
/L
a
f
ter
1
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
UV
lig
h
t
to
1
5
0
.
9
7
µg
/L
af
ter
4
8
h
o
u
r
s
,
ex
ce
ed
i
n
g
th
e
USEPA
s
tan
d
ar
d
.
B
ased
o
n
th
is
,
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
p
ap
er
an
d
in
k
in
wate
r
ad
d
s
to
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
T
HM
4
wh
en
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
,
as it c
an
r
elea
s
e
ch
e
m
ical
m
o
lecu
les th
at
ar
e
T
HM
4
p
r
ec
u
r
s
o
r
s
.
3
.
3
.
E
s
t
im
a
t
ed
cy
t
o
t
o
x
icit
y
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
tim
e
o
n
th
e
cy
to
to
x
icity
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
f
o
r
m
ed
T
HM
4
.
T
h
e
ch
a
n
g
in
g
tr
en
d
o
f
cy
to
t
o
x
icity
b
ased
o
n
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
is
in
lin
e
with
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
T
HM
4
its
elf
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
in
c
y
to
to
x
icity
o
f
ea
ch
T
HM
4
s
p
ec
ies
m
ak
es
th
e
cy
to
to
x
icity
tr
e
n
d
s
lig
h
tly
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
with
th
e
co
n
c
en
tr
atio
n
o
f
T
H
M4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
)
.
Sin
ce
th
e
L
C
5
0
c
o
n
ce
n
t
r
atio
n
v
alu
e
o
f
T
C
M
is
s
m
aller
th
an
t
h
at
o
f
B
DC
M,
th
e
cy
to
to
x
icity
o
f
T
C
M
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
th
at
o
f
B
DC
M
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
is
ca
u
s
es
th
e
cy
to
to
x
icity
v
alu
e
o
f
T
C
M
to
b
e
g
r
ea
ter
an
d
e
q
u
iv
alen
t
to
B
DC
M
,
ev
en
th
o
u
g
h
th
e
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
o
f
T
C
M
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
s
m
aller
.
T
B
M
s
t
ill
h
as
a
lar
g
e
cy
to
to
x
icity
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
T
HM
4
s
p
ec
i
es
d
u
e
to
th
e
lar
g
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
an
d
s
m
all
L
C
5
0
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
v
alu
e.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
in
k
in
wr
itten
p
ap
e
r
n
o
t
o
n
ly
in
cr
ea
s
ed
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
er
T
HM
4
,
b
u
t
also
in
cr
ea
s
ed
its
cy
to
t
o
x
icity
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
)
.
T
h
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
i
n
T
C
M
f
o
r
m
atio
n
as
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
tim
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
led
to
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
T
HM
4
cy
to
to
x
icity
in
s
am
p
les
with
wr
itin
g
th
at
was
n
o
t
as
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
as
in
p
lain
p
ap
er
s
am
p
les
.
T
h
e
cy
to
to
x
icity
o
f
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
ed
f
r
o
m
DOM
r
elea
s
ed
b
y
p
a
p
er
waste
h
as
a
h
ig
h
er
v
alu
e
th
a
n
o
r
g
an
ic
m
a
tter
in
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
te
x
tile
d
y
e
[
2
2
]
r
ep
o
r
ted
b
y
a
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
t
o
tal
T
HM
4
esti
m
ated
cy
to
to
x
icity
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
c
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
E
f
f
ec
t o
f
UV
ir
r
ad
iat
io
n
tim
e
o
n
T
HM
4
esti
m
ated
cy
to
to
x
icities
d
u
r
in
g
ch
lo
r
i
n
at
io
n
o
f
wate
r
im
m
er
s
ed
b
y
p
lain
an
d
wr
itten
p
ap
er
of
(
a
)
p
lain
p
ap
er
,
(
b
)
w
r
itten
p
ap
er
,
an
d
(
c)
t
-
T
HM
4
(
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
ch
lo
r
in
atio
n
,
C
l2
1
0
m
g
/L,
an
d
B
r
-
1
m
g
/L)
3
.
4
.
Co
rr
el
a
t
io
n bet
wee
n UV
-
Vis
a
bs
o
rba
nces a
n
d T
H
M
4
f
o
rm
a
t
io
ns
Fig
u
r
e
s
5
a
n
d
6
s
h
o
w
th
e
c
o
r
r
el
ati
o
n
b
etw
ee
n
t
h
e
U
V
ab
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
p
ea
k
(
A
2
7
2
an
d
A
3
5
0
,
r
es
p
e
cti
v
e
ly
)
a
n
d
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
T
HM
4
.
I
n
p
lai
n
p
a
p
e
r
s
a
m
p
les
,
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
A2
7
2
h
as
a
v
er
y
s
t
r
o
n
g
co
r
r
el
ati
o
n
wit
h
T
H
M4
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
(
9
2
%
)
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
(
a
)
)
.
O
n
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
h
an
d
,
th
e
c
o
r
r
e
lat
io
n
b
et
we
en
A
2
7
2
an
d
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
i
n
th
e
wr
i
tt
en
p
a
p
e
r
s
am
p
l
es
h
a
d
a
m
o
d
er
ate
c
o
r
r
ela
ti
o
n
(
5
4
%
)
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
)
.
A
s
t
r
o
n
g
n
e
g
a
ti
v
e
c
o
r
r
e
lat
io
n
was
als
o
f
o
u
n
d
b
etw
ee
n
A
3
5
0
a
n
d
t
-
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
i
n
p
l
ai
n
p
a
p
e
r
s
am
p
l
es
(
8
4
%
)
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
)
.
T
h
e
n
e
g
at
iv
e
v
al
u
e
m
a
y
b
e
d
u
e
t
o
t
h
e
d
e
g
r
a
d
at
i
o
n
o
f
o
r
g
a
n
ic
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
r
e
le
ase
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
l
ai
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
8
69
-
8
77
874
p
a
p
e
r
s
a
m
p
le
to
f
o
r
m
s
m
all
er
m
o
lec
u
l
a
r
wei
g
h
t
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
.
A
n
e
q
u
al
ly
s
tr
o
n
g
b
u
t
p
o
s
iti
v
e
c
o
r
r
e
lati
o
n
e
x
is
ts
b
et
we
en
A
3
5
0
a
n
d
t
-
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
(
8
4
%
)
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
)
.
T
h
e
p
ea
k
at
2
7
2
n
m
is
i
n
l
in
e
w
i
th
a
p
r
e
v
i
o
u
s
s
t
u
d
y
[
2
2
]
,
w
h
e
r
e
t
h
is
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
ca
n
in
te
r
p
r
et
th
e
p
r
es
en
ce
o
f
DO
M
ass
o
c
iat
e
d
w
it
h
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
p
o
t
e
n
ti
al.
T
h
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
v
alu
e
m
a
y
o
cc
u
r
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
r
elea
s
ed
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
with
a
s
m
aller
m
o
lecu
lar
weig
h
t
ar
e
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
th
e
d
eg
r
a
d
ed
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
d
u
e
to
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
in
k
o
n
th
e
p
ap
er
.
UV
ab
s
o
r
b
a
n
ce
h
as
lo
n
g
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
o
r
g
a
n
ic
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
in
wate
r
r
elate
d
to
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
D
B
Ps
[
2
2
]
,
[
4
0
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
DB
Ps
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
ty
p
e
o
f
p
r
ec
u
r
s
o
r
s
p
r
esen
t
in
wate
r
,
in
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
ty
p
e
o
f
o
r
g
an
ic
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
an
d
h
alo
g
en
i
o
n
s
s
u
ch
as
b
r
o
m
id
e
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
d
icate
th
at
h
ig
h
er
UV
ab
s
o
r
b
an
ce
was
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
UV
-
ir
r
ad
i
atio
n
tim
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
m
ay
b
en
e
f
it
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
m
a
jo
r
p
o
llu
tan
t
s
o
u
r
ce
th
at
is
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
UV
r
a
d
iatio
n
,
s
u
ch
as in
a
n
atu
r
al
r
i
v
er
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
f
o
u
n
d
a
c
o
r
r
elatio
n
b
etwe
en
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
o
ten
tial
a
n
d
UV
-
Vis
ab
s
o
r
b
an
ce
o
f
wate
r
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
tex
tile
e
f
f
lu
en
ts
[
2
2
]
an
d
NOM
[
4
1
]
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
waste
p
ap
er
o
n
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
its
c
o
r
r
elatio
n
with
UV
-
Vis
ab
s
o
r
b
an
ce
s
p
ec
tr
a
was
in
v
esti
g
ated
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ten
d
e
d
to
h
av
e
an
in
o
r
d
in
ately
h
i
g
h
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
c
o
r
r
elatio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
UV
a
b
s
o
r
b
an
ce
p
ea
k
an
d
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
DOM
r
elea
s
e
d
f
r
o
m
p
ap
er
t
r
ash
in
b
r
o
m
id
e
-
co
n
tain
i
n
g
w
ater
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
co
u
ld
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
s
tu
d
y
to
d
eter
m
in
e
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
p
a
p
er
waste
-
p
o
llu
ted
wate
r
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
ch
lo
r
in
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
UV
-
Vis
s
ca
n
r
esu
lts
,
a
p
r
o
p
er
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
m
eth
o
d
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
to
r
em
o
v
e
T
HM
4
p
r
e
cu
r
s
o
r
s
f
r
o
m
p
a
p
er
tr
ash
-
p
o
llu
ted
wate
r
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
e
n
A2
7
2
a
n
d
t
-
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
(
a)
p
lain
p
a
p
er
an
d
(
b
)
wr
itten
p
ap
er
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
e
n
A3
5
0
a
n
d
t
-
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
(
a)
p
lain
p
a
p
er
an
d
(
b
)
wr
itten
p
ap
er
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
UV
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
o
n
th
e
d
eg
r
a
d
atio
n
o
f
o
r
g
an
ic
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
o
n
p
lain
p
a
p
er
an
d
p
ap
er
with
wr
itin
g
in
wate
r
o
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
T
HM
4
an
d
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
its
cy
to
to
x
icity
.
T
h
e
UV
-
Vis
s
ca
n
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
was
also
c
o
n
d
u
cted
to
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
,
th
er
e
ar
e
two
p
ea
k
s
at
wav
el
en
g
th
s
o
f
2
7
2
an
d
3
5
0
n
m
.
T
h
e
lo
n
g
er
t
h
e
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
ti
m
e,
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
ab
s
o
r
b
an
ce
v
al
u
e
o
f
A2
7
2
a
n
d
A3
5
0
,
wh
ich
h
as
an
im
p
ac
t
o
n
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
T
HM
4
an
d
its
cy
to
to
x
icity
.
A2
7
2
a
n
d
A
3
5
0
also
h
av
e
a
s
tr
o
n
g
co
r
r
elatio
n
(
u
p
to
9
2
%)
with
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
s
o
th
at
th
ey
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
an
in
itial
q
u
a
n
tific
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
o
f
f
er
d
ef
in
i
t
iv
e
p
r
o
o
f
th
at
th
e
ch
an
g
e
o
f
UV
-
Vis
’
s
ab
s
o
r
b
a
n
ce
s
p
ec
tr
a
d
u
r
i
n
g
UV
-
ir
r
ad
i
atio
n
o
f
p
a
p
er
t
r
ash
in
wate
r
is
lin
k
ed
to
T
HM
4
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
o
ten
tial
alter
atio
n
,
r
ath
er
th
a
n
b
ei
n
g
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
q
u
an
titi
es
o
f
DOM
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
h
elp
s
to
k
n
o
w
h
o
w
p
ap
er
tr
ash
r
elea
se
s
DOM
in
wate
r
d
u
r
in
g
UV
r
ad
iatio
n
in
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
,
an
d
its
im
p
ac
t
o
n
to
x
ic
T
HM
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
us
in
g
ch
lo
r
in
e.
T
o
f
in
d
o
u
t
wh
ich
o
r
g
a
n
ic
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.