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O
N
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lectr
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ac
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s
f
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p
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s
ed
f
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ap
p
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s
[
1
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.
C
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m
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s
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s
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[
2
]
,
n
am
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: p
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ly
m
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p
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s
s
in
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[
3
]
,
s
ter
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lizatio
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o
f
m
ed
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p
r
o
d
u
cts [
4
]
,
f
o
o
d
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r
ad
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[
5
]
,
an
d
waste
p
r
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s
s
in
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[
6
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.
E
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[
8
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1
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[
9
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v
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1
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o
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b
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ep
licated
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th
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d
s
[
1
1
]
.
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r
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[
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2
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Mo
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P
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1
3
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tim
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[
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4
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T
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g
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s
[
1
5
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,
[
1
6
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.
Am
o
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is
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
elec
tr
o
n
L
I
NAC
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
T
h
e
L
I
NAC
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
h
as
b
eg
u
n
with
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
a
3
Me
V
L
I
NAC
ca
v
ity
f
o
r
r
a
d
io
g
r
a
p
h
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
[
1
7
]
.
A
h
ig
h
er
-
b
ea
m
c
u
r
r
en
t
elec
tr
o
n
L
I
NAC
is
cu
r
r
en
tly
u
n
d
er
d
esig
n
,
with
an
en
er
g
y
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
6
–
1
8
Me
V
an
d
an
a
v
er
ag
e
b
ea
m
p
o
wer
o
f
2
0
k
W
,
p
o
we
r
ed
b
y
a
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
k
ey
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
L
I
NAC
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
is
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
u
lato
r
.
I
ts
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
s
u
p
p
ly
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
with
m
eg
awa
tt
-
lev
el
p
ea
k
DC
p
o
wer
,
en
ab
lin
g
t
h
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
to
am
p
lify
th
e
lo
w
-
lev
el
R
F
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
R
F
d
r
iv
er
in
to
a
h
ig
h
-
p
o
wer
R
F
s
ig
n
al
with
a
p
ea
k
p
o
wer
o
f
2
–
6
MW
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
e
r
aim
s
to
m
o
d
el,
s
im
u
late
,
an
d
an
aly
ze
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
u
lato
r
in
R
F
L
I
NA
C
.
A
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
u
lato
r
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
u
s
in
g
PS
p
ice
to
o
ls
[
2
0
]
.
An
o
th
e
r
s
tu
d
y
u
tili
ze
d
th
e
L
T
s
p
ice
to
o
l
to
m
o
d
el
ce
r
tai
n
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
eir
ex
is
tin
g
L
I
N
AC
m
o
d
u
lato
r
[
2
1
]
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
n
eith
er
o
f
t
h
ese
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
s
m
e
n
tio
n
s
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
an
aly
tical
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
k
l
y
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
u
lat
o
r
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
v
o
lta
g
e
p
u
ls
e
o
f
1
0
4
–
1
2
5
k
V
an
d
a
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
6
4
.
8
–
8
5
.
2
A
(
b
ased
o
n
k
l
y
s
tr
o
n
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
)
,
with
a
p
u
ls
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
6
µs
an
d
a
r
e
p
etitio
n
r
ate
o
f
u
p
to
2
0
0
Hz.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
en
co
m
p
ass
es
all
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
,
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
ig
h
-
v
o
lt
ag
e
(
HV)
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
to
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
lo
ad
,
u
s
in
g
L
T
s
p
ice.
An
aly
tical
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
wer
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
p
r
io
r
to
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
to
d
eter
m
in
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
p
a
r
am
eter
s
,
an
d
p
ar
a
m
eter
o
p
tim
izatio
n
w
as c
ar
r
ied
o
u
t
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
im
u
l
atio
n
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
b
l
o
ck
d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
-
m
o
d
u
lato
r
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
.
All
o
f
th
e
p
ar
ts
wer
e
p
r
e
-
ca
lcu
lated
an
d
th
en
s
im
u
lated
u
s
in
g
L
T
Sp
ice
s
o
f
twar
e
in
d
iv
id
u
ally
an
d
in
o
n
e
u
n
if
ied
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
co
n
v
er
ts
AC
lin
e
p
o
wer
in
to
a
s
er
ies
o
f
h
ig
h
-
v
o
ltag
e,
h
i
g
h
-
c
u
r
r
en
t
p
u
ls
es
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
y
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
[
2
2
]
.
Sin
ce
th
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
is
an
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
L
I
NAC
th
at
o
p
er
ates
to
s
u
p
p
ly
p
o
wer
to
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
[
2
3
]
,
i
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
ca
r
ef
u
lly
,
b
ec
au
s
e
it
will
af
f
ec
t
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
th
e
life
tim
e
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
.
I
n
th
e
en
d
,
th
e
d
esig
n
m
u
s
t
b
e
ap
p
li
ca
b
le
to
d
r
iv
e
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
s
p
e
cif
ied
b
y
T
ab
le
1
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
atio
n
th
at
will
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
6
–
1
8
Me
V
L
I
NAC
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
PR
T
A
B
R
I
N.
A
t
least
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
u
lato
r
c
an
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
v
o
ltag
e
p
u
ls
e
o
f
1
0
4
–
1
2
5
k
V
an
d
a
cu
r
r
e
n
t
o
f
6
4
.
8
–
8
5
.
2
,
with
a
p
u
ls
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
6
µs a
n
d
a
r
e
p
etitio
n
r
ate
o
f
u
p
t
o
2
0
0
Hz.
T
h
ree
P
h
a
s
e
S
o
u
rc
e
H
V
P
o
w
e
r
S
u
p
p
l
y
P
u
l
s
e
F
o
rm
i
n
g
Ne
t
w
o
rk
(
P
F
N
)
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
(
T
h
y
ra
t
ro
n
)
P
u
l
s
e
T
ra
n
s
f
o
rmer
K
l
y
s
t
ro
n
(
L
o
a
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
-
m
o
d
u
lato
r
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
p
ar
am
et
er
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
P
e
a
k
R
F
o
u
t
p
u
t
p
o
w
e
r
6
M
W
P
e
a
k
R
F
i
n
p
u
t
p
o
w
e
r
6
0
W
m
a
x
B
e
a
m
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
0
4
-
1
2
5
k
V
B
e
a
m
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
6
4
.
8
–
8
5
.
2
A
P
u
l
s
e
w
i
d
t
h
1
0
μs
(
m
a
x
)
D
u
t
y
c
y
c
l
e
0
.
0
0
2
6
m
a
x
3.
M
O
DE
L
I
NG
O
F
K
L
Y
ST
R
O
N
-
M
O
DULA
T
O
R
CO
M
P
O
NE
NT
S
Mo
d
u
lato
r
m
o
d
elin
g
i
n
v
o
lv
es
s
ev
er
al
m
ain
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
h
i
g
h
v
o
ltag
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
(
HV
PS
)
,
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
m
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
(
PF
N)
,
s
witch
in
g
s
y
s
tem
an
d
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
o
p
o
lo
g
y
an
d
m
ath
em
at
ical
m
o
d
elin
g
p
lay
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
en
h
a
n
cin
g
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
f
u
n
cti
o
n
ality
o
f
th
is
m
o
d
u
lato
r
s
y
s
tem
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
182
2
-
1
8
3
1
1824
3
.
1
.
H
V
po
wer
s
up
ply
(
H
VP
S)
HV
ch
ar
g
in
g
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
l
y
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
ts
in
th
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
h
as
th
e
p
o
wer
n
ee
d
ed
t
o
p
r
o
d
u
ce
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
p
u
ls
es
d
u
r
in
g
p
ar
ticle
ac
ce
ler
atio
n
,
b
o
th
elec
tr
o
n
s
an
d
io
n
s
[
2
4
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
s
a
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
t
h
e
HV
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
cir
c
u
it
th
at
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
a
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ch
ar
g
er
o
n
th
e
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
m
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
(
PF
N)
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
ty
p
e
o
f
r
ec
tifie
r
u
s
ed
is
a
1
2
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
a
ca
p
ac
ito
r
f
ilter
.
T
h
e
HV
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
was
s
im
u
lated
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
ch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
AC
lin
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
is
r
ec
tif
ied
b
y
1
2
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
in
to
HVDC
v
o
ltag
e
th
at
ch
a
r
g
es
th
e
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
n
etwo
r
k
(
PF
N)
in
th
e
n
ex
t
s
tag
e.
T
h
e
HVPS
m
u
s
t
b
e
ab
le
t
o
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
ev
er
al
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
es
wh
ich
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
v
o
lta
g
e
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
e
d
esire
d
R
F
p
o
wer
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
m
u
lti
-
tap
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
d
esig
n
.
T
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
HV
PS
will
b
ec
o
m
e
th
e
in
itial
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
PF
N.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
PF
N
m
u
s
t
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
f
ir
s
t.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
b
y
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
is
1
2
5
k
V
(
T
ab
le
1
)
.
T
h
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
r
atio
w
as
d
ef
in
ed
to
b
e
1
:
1
1
,
wh
ich
i
s
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
r
atio
f
o
r
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
g
et
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
q
u
ir
em
en
t
o
f
1
1
.
3
6
k
V
at
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
s
id
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
1
1
.
3
6
k
V
is
th
e
p
u
ls
e
v
o
ltag
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
PF
N,
an
d
t
h
e
ch
ar
g
in
g
v
o
ltag
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
h
ig
h
er
th
an
th
at
(
m
o
r
e
th
an
twice)
,
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
PF
N
m
ak
es
p
u
ls
e
b
y
s
to
r
in
g
th
e
en
er
g
y
in
to
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
th
e
m
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
-
r
esis
to
r
lo
a
d
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
th
is
R
L
C
cir
cu
it
will
s
h
ap
e
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
to
b
ec
o
m
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
la
r
an
d
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
will
alwa
y
s
b
elo
w
th
e
in
itial
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
l
tag
e.
T
h
e
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
PF
N
was f
o
u
n
d
b
y
tr
ial
in
th
e
L
T
Sp
ice
s
im
u
latio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Mo
d
elin
g
cir
c
u
it d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
HV
p
o
we
r
s
u
p
p
ly
3
.
2
.
P
uls
e
f
o
r
m
ing
net
wo
r
k
(
P
F
N)
P
u
l
s
e
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
(
P
F
N
)
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
as
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
el
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
p
u
l
s
es
n
e
e
d
e
d
t
o
d
r
i
v
e
t
h
e
L
I
N
A
C
[
1
8
]
.
P
F
N
w
i
ll
c
o
l
l
e
ct
e
l
e
ct
r
i
c
al
e
n
e
r
g
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
H
V
c
h
a
r
g
i
n
g
p
o
w
e
r
s
u
p
p
l
y
a
n
d
s
t
o
r
e
i
t
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
e
n
e
r
g
y
[
2
0
]
.
W
h
e
n
n
e
e
d
e
d
,
t
h
is
e
n
e
r
g
y
is
r
e
l
e
as
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
e
l
e
ct
r
i
c
al
p
u
ls
e
s
.
T
h
e
P
FN
c
i
r
c
u
it
g
e
n
e
r
al
l
y
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
s
a
n
d
c
a
p
a
c
it
o
r
s
a
r
r
a
n
g
e
d
i
n
p
a
r
a
l
l
e
l
s
o
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
d
is
c
h
ar
g
e
p
u
l
s
e
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
s
a
r
e
s
p
a
ce
d
o
u
t
a
n
d
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
s
q
u
a
r
e
o
r
t
r
a
p
e
z
o
i
d
a
l
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
p
u
l
s
e
s
w
i
t
h
r
el
a
ti
v
e
l
y
f
l
a
t
p
e
a
k
s
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
m
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
u
s
ed
in
th
is
d
esig
n
is
t
h
e
R
ay
l
eig
h
ty
p
e.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
ch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
o
f
t
h
e
PF
N.
T
h
e
6
s
tag
es PFN wa
s
ch
o
s
en
in
th
is
d
esig
n
,
b
ec
au
s
e
we
ass
u
m
e
th
at
i
t w
as th
e
o
p
tim
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
f
o
r
6
u
s
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
lato
r
,
b
ec
a
u
s
e
we
ar
e
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
th
at
6
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
(
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
)
a
n
d
6
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
Mo
d
elin
g
a
n
d
s
imu
la
tio
n
o
f
klystr
o
n
-
mo
d
u
la
to
r
fo
r
lin
ea
r
a
c
ce
lera
to
r
s
in
P
R
TA
(
Wij
o
n
o
)
1825
in
d
u
cto
r
s
will
b
e
id
ea
l
f
o
r
t
h
e
ca
b
in
et
s
p
ac
e,
wh
ich
in
th
is
ca
s
e
is
1
2
0
cm
in
le
n
g
th
,
1
0
0
cm
in
wid
th
,
an
d
2
0
0
cm
in
h
eig
h
.
T
o
ca
lcu
late
th
e
i
n
itial
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
an
d
in
d
u
cto
r
s
v
alu
es
f
o
r
th
e
R
ay
leig
h
PF
N,
(
1
)
a
n
d
(
2
)
we
r
e
u
s
ed
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
v
alu
es we
r
e
th
e
n
o
p
tim
ized
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
tr
ial
ad
j
u
s
tm
en
ts
in
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
.
T
is
th
e
p
u
ls
e
d
u
r
atio
n
,
wh
ich
is
6
µs; N
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tag
es,
wh
ich
is
s
ix
s
tag
es; an
d
R
is
th
e
lo
ad
r
esis
tan
ce
.
=
(
1
)
=
(
2
)
T
h
e
lo
ad
r
esis
tan
ce
R
i
n
th
is
ca
s
e
is
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
.
T
h
e
R
v
alu
e
ca
n
b
e
s
im
p
ly
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
o
h
m
’
s
law
u
s
in
g
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
,
b
u
t
af
ter
it
was c
alcu
lated
,
th
e
v
al
u
e
is
s
till
at
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
th
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
s
id
e
u
s
in
g
(
3
)
.
Af
ter
we
ca
lcu
lated
th
e
C
an
d
L
v
al
u
es,
th
e
v
alu
es wa
s
th
en
o
p
tim
ized
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
.
=
√
(
3
)
3
.
3
.
Switc
hin
g
s
y
s
t
em
(
t
hy
r
a
t
ro
n)
T
h
y
r
atr
o
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
a
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
s
witch
wh
o
s
e
ap
p
lica
tio
n
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
f
ast
s
witch
es
s
u
ch
as
in
r
ad
ar
,
laser
,
a
n
d
ac
ce
ler
ato
r
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
in
g
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
th
y
r
atr
o
n
is
alm
o
s
t
th
e
s
am
e
as
th
y
r
is
to
r
,
b
u
t
t
h
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
th
y
r
atr
o
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
s
witch
es
is
th
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
its
s
witch
in
g
s
y
s
t
em
to
to
ler
ate
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
[
2
9
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
e
th
y
r
atr
o
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
an
an
o
d
e,
ca
th
o
d
e,
g
r
id
1
an
d
g
r
id
2
[
3
0
]
.
Gr
id
1
an
d
g
r
id
2
in
r
ea
l
s
itu
atio
n
ar
e
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
th
y
r
atr
o
n
tr
ig
g
er
cir
cu
it.
T
h
y
r
atr
o
n
in
th
is
m
o
d
elin
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
to
tr
an
s
f
er
elec
tr
ical
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
e
d
in
PF
N
in
to
h
ig
h
cu
r
r
en
t
-
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
wer
p
u
ls
es
an
d
th
en
f
o
r
war
d
s
th
e
p
o
wer
to
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
th
y
r
atr
o
n
u
s
ed
in
th
is
m
o
d
elin
g
is
ab
le
to
with
s
tan
d
a
m
ax
im
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
8
0
k
V
with
a
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
3
k
A.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Mo
d
elin
g
cir
c
u
it d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
m
in
g
n
et
wo
r
k
(
PF
N)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Mo
d
elin
g
cir
c
u
it d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
th
y
r
atr
o
n
3
.
4
.
P
uls
e
t
ra
ns
f
o
r
m
er
T
h
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
in
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
th
at
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
p
o
wer
p
u
ls
e
v
o
ltag
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
PF
N
s
o
th
at
it
i
s
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
also
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
r
ip
p
le
s
o
th
at
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
p
u
ls
e
is
s
m
o
o
th
er
[
3
1
]
.
Pu
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
ca
n
tr
an
s
f
er
m
ax
im
u
m
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
PF
N
to
th
e
lo
ad
ef
f
icien
tly
(
m
ax
im
u
m
η
)
in
a
ce
r
tain
p
u
ls
e
d
u
r
atio
n
τ
[
3
2
]
,
wh
en
m
ee
tin
g
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
182
2
-
1
8
3
1
1826
=
√
(
4
)
=
√
2
(
5
)
=
[
1
−
(
√
2
)
]
100
%
(
6
)
w
h
er
e,
Lp
is
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
i
n
d
u
ctan
ce
,
Ls
is
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
i
n
d
u
ctan
ce
,
LL
is
th
e
L
ea
k
ag
e
i
n
d
u
ctan
ce
,
a
n
d
C
D
is
th
e
win
d
in
g
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
wh
ic
h
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
d
esig
n
[
3
3
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
ws th
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
th
e
v
ar
i
ab
les
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
was
ad
ju
s
ted
in
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
g
et
t
h
e
r
ig
h
t v
alu
es f
o
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
[
3
4
]
.
3
.
5
.
K
l
y
s
t
ro
n (
lo
a
d)
T
ab
le
1
is
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
6
-
1
8
Me
V
L
I
NAC
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
am
p
lifie
s
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
R
F
s
ig
n
a
l
in
to
a
h
ig
h
-
p
o
wer
R
F
o
u
tp
u
t
b
y
m
o
d
u
latin
g
th
e
elec
tr
o
n
b
ea
m
in
s
id
e
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
s
o
th
at
th
e
elec
tr
o
n
b
ea
m
will
f
o
r
m
b
u
n
ch
es
with
ce
r
tain
in
ter
v
als,
wh
en
p
ass
i
n
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
last
ca
v
ity
o
f
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
,
th
is
b
u
n
ch
will
tr
an
s
f
er
its
k
in
etic
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er
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y
to
th
e
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v
ity
s
o
th
at
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ca
v
ity
will
p
r
o
d
u
ce
h
ig
h
p
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wer
R
F
wav
es
[
3
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]
.
K
ly
s
tr
o
n
s
h
av
e
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e
ab
ilit
y
to
e
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it
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r
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en
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d
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ig
h
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icr
o
wav
e
en
er
g
y
u
p
to
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er
al
g
i
g
ah
er
t
z
[
3
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
ws
a
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
elin
g
in
L
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s
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s
im
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n
.
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h
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m
o
d
el
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ased
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th
e
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o
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th
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ch
ar
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o
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th
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r
o
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g
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(
7
)
[
3
7
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.
=
3
2
⁄
(
7
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W
h
er
e,
is
th
e
k
ly
s
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o
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ea
m
cu
r
r
e
n
t
[
3
8
]
,
V
is
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e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
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ea
m
v
o
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e.
T
h
e
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t
an
t
is
a
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u
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ctio
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etr
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f
th
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o
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e
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an
o
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e
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u
ctu
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d
is
ca
lled
p
er
v
ea
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ce
.
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h
is
m
o
d
el
was la
ter
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s
ed
a
s
a
lo
ad
o
n
th
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Mo
d
elin
g
cir
c
u
it d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Kly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
elin
g
3
.
6
.
Sim
ula
t
i
o
n
s
t
eps
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
ch
em
atic
o
f
o
v
er
all
s
im
u
latio
n
.
At
th
e
f
ir
s
t,
th
e
k
ly
s
tr
o
n
m
o
d
el
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
.
I
t n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
s
im
u
lated
f
ir
s
t so
th
at
we
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
V
/I
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
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e
k
ly
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o
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co
r
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Af
ter
th
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e
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ted
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u
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e
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el.
LL
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LP
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an
d
CD
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t
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h
e
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m
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lem
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o
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th
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r
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is
ca
s
e
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e
th
y
r
atr
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n
tr
i
g
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er
(
g
r
id
1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
Mo
d
elin
g
a
n
d
s
imu
la
tio
n
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f
klystr
o
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mo
d
u
la
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r
fo
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lin
ea
r
a
c
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lera
to
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s
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P
R
TA
(
Wij
o
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1827
an
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g
r
id
2
)
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e
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et
to
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ig
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er
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e
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y
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er
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5
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i
llis
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o
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er
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et
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0
0
p
u
ls
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er
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ec
o
n
d
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r
ep
etitio
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r
ate)
.
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h
e
n
e
x
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s
tep
was
to
im
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e
C
an
d
L
v
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e
PF
N
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el.
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h
e
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ix
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ase
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o
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e
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itially
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et
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3
6
k
V.
Fig
u
r
e
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.
T
h
e
s
ch
em
atic
o
f
o
v
er
all
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im
u
latio
n
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
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SS
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t
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b
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(
b
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e
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t
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w
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s
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M
e
V
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o
r
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ch
th
e
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tp
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t v
o
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r
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n
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f
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2
5
k
V,
th
e
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ee
d
s
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av
e
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t o
f
2
2
–
2
7
k
V.
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t
m
ea
n
s
th
at
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s
ix
-
p
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ase
h
ig
h
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e
tr
a
n
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o
r
m
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ee
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to
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u
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s
to
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ch
th
e
r
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e.
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h
er
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o
r
e,
f
o
r
3
8
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V
3
-
p
h
ase
p
o
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s
o
u
r
ce
,
th
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
1
:
5
6
–
7
1
.
T
o
r
ea
ch
th
is
r
an
g
e,
th
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
h
o
u
l
d
h
av
e
a
m
u
ltit
ap
co
il
c
u
s
to
m
ized
b
y
th
e
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
s
9
(
a
)
an
d
9
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
HV
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
l
y
m
o
d
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g
a
t
a
m
ax
im
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m
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
2
7
k
V.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
m
o
d
el
u
s
ed
is
a
6
-
p
h
ase
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a
n
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o
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er
wh
ic
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u
p
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a
1
2
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p
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ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
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A
12
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p
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ls
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r
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es
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o
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e
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to
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p
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e
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tifie
r
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o
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e
o
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th
e
m
a
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o
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at
it
h
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lo
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le
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at
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p
r
o
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ce
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ig
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r
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u
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T
h
e
C
an
d
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alu
es
o
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th
e
PF
N
o
f
th
e
f
in
al
s
im
u
latio
n
wer
e
0
.
0
4
4
9
9
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d
1
2
.
1
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µH
.
T
h
ey
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e
ca
lcu
lated
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s
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(
1
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-
(
3
)
with
th
e
R
v
alu
e
o
f
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ly
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o
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1
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5
k
V
d
iv
id
e
d
b
y
8
5
.
2
A.
Fig
u
r
es
9
(
c
)
an
d
9
(
d
)
s
h
o
w
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
es
in
th
e
th
y
r
atr
o
n
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d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
wh
en
th
e
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y
r
atr
o
n
is
tr
ig
g
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ed
.
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h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
m
ag
n
itu
d
e
v
a
r
ies
with
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
-
1
k
A
to
1
.
4
k
A
f
o
r
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
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e
o
f
2
7
k
V.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
th
y
r
atr
o
n
cu
r
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en
t
is
th
e
s
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m
o
f
th
e
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r
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n
ts
o
f
th
e
6
ca
p
ac
ito
r
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o
n
th
e
PF
N.
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
c
)
s
h
o
ws
th
at
t
h
e
th
y
r
atr
o
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ex
p
er
ien
ce
s
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o
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er
s
h
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o
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at
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e
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eg
in
n
in
g
o
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h
e
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e,
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en
an
u
n
d
er
s
h
o
o
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at
th
e
en
d
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e.
T
h
is
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t
an
d
u
n
d
e
r
s
h
o
o
t
will
b
e
elim
in
ated
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y
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e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
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n
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e
n
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t
s
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e.
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r
o
m
th
e
s
im
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latio
n
we
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n
g
et
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e
in
f
o
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atio
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at
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ca
n
u
s
e
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e
3
0
k
V
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p
ac
ito
r
an
d
also
3
0
k
V
th
y
r
atr
o
n
with
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
ca
p
ac
ity
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
1
.
5
k
A,
wh
ich
ar
e
ea
s
y
to
g
et
in
th
e
m
ar
k
ets.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
182
2
-
1
8
3
1
1828
Fig
u
r
es
9
(
e
)
an
d
9
(
f
)
a
r
e
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
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e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
o
n
th
e
p
u
ls
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
with
v
a
r
iatio
n
s
in
PF
N
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
2
2
k
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2
4
k
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2
6
k
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an
d
2
7
k
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(
HVPS
o
u
tp
u
t)
.
Fro
m
th
e
f
ig
u
r
e
,
we
ca
n
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1
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4
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[2
7
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[2
8
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e
r
in
th
e
Re
se
a
rc
h
Ce
n
ter
fo
r
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c
e
lera
to
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Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Y
o
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
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e
a
rn
e
d
h
i
s
m
a
ste
r'
s
d
e
g
re
e
in
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lec
tri
c
a
l
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n
g
in
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e
rin
g
fr
o
m
th
e
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
in
2
0
1
9
.
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h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
n
d
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
i
n
t
h
e
fiel
d
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
sin
c
e
2
0
1
4
.
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is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
th
e
l
in
e
a
r
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c
c
e
lera
to
r
re
se
a
rc
h
.
His
re
s
e
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
sy
ste
m
s,
DC
p
o
we
r
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
s,
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
,
in
v
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rters
,
a
n
a
l
o
g
a
n
d
d
i
g
it
a
l
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
e
lec
tri
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d
riv
e
s,
p
o
we
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
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g
e
s
y
ste
m
s.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
d
wih
0
0
9
@b
ri
n
.
g
o
.
i
d
.
G
a
li
h
S
e
ti
a
ji
is
a
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
n
d
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n
g
i
n
e
e
r
in
t
h
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Li
n
e
a
r
Ac
c
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lera
to
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ro
u
p
a
t
t
h
e
Re
se
a
rc
h
Ce
n
ter
fo
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Ac
c
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lera
to
r
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
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Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
m
a
ste
r
'
s
d
e
g
re
e
in
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lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
Wes
tern
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ich
ig
a
n
U
n
iv
e
rsity
in
2
0
1
9
.
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h
a
s
b
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e
n
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re
se
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rc
h
e
r
a
n
d
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n
g
i
n
e
e
r
in
th
e
fi
e
ld
o
f
se
n
so
rs
a
n
d
i
n
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
sin
c
e
2
0
1
4
.
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is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
m
e
m
b
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th
e
li
n
e
a
r
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c
c
e
lera
to
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re
se
a
rc
h
.
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re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
p
o
we
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lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
s
y
ste
m
s,
k
l
y
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n
m
o
d
u
lato
r
s
y
ste
m
s,
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
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rters
,
i
n
v
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rters
,
a
n
a
lo
g
a
n
d
d
i
g
it
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l
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o
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tro
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tri
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riv
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s,
p
o
we
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e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
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g
e
sy
ste
m
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
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t
e
m
a
il
:
g
a
li
0
0
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r
in
.
g
o
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id
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g
a
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p
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se
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e
r
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t
th
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Re
se
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rc
h
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n
ter
fo
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Ac
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lera
to
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Tec
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g
y
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g
y
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k
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rta,
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n
d
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e
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rn
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c
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in
Ae
ro
sp
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c
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g
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fr
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n
d
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n
g
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1
.
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h
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m
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sin
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o
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ry
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e
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tro
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re
se
a
rc
h
to
p
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re
d
e
sig
n
i
n
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n
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ti
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izin
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R
F
c
a
v
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ies
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e
a
m
d
iag
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o
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n
d
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m
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h
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s
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m
e
c
h
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c
t
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re
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n
d
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c
a
v
it
ie
s.
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c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
n
g
g
0
1
8
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ri
n
.
g
o
.
i
d
.
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u
fik
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re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
in
t
h
e
Li
n
e
a
r
Ac
c
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lera
to
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ro
u
p
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t
t
h
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se
a
rc
h
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n
ter
fo
r
Ac
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e
lera
to
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Tec
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n
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l
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g
y
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k
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rta,
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d
o
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sia
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re
c
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iv
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h
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c
to
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l
d
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g
re
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in
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c
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c
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v
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n
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p
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n
in
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h
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n
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c
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tec
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e
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is
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rre
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tl
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h
g
ro
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p
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tro
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c
c
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h
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s b
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se
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re
se
a
rc
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n
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m
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lati
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n
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d
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m
s
fo
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c
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n
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:
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c
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.
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