Indonesian J our nal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science V ol. 40, No. 1, October 2025, pp. 146 155 ISSN: 2502-4752, DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v40.i1.pp146-155 146 A compr ehensi v e analysis of smartphones and tablets in graphic design and digital art Jirawat Sookkaew 1 , Nakhar et Chaikaew 1 , Nakarin Chaikaew 2 1 Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia, School of Information and Communication T echnology , Uni v ersity of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand 2 Research Unit of Spatial Inno v ation De v elopment, School of Information and Communication T echnology , Uni v ersity of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand Article Inf o Article history: Recei v ed Feb 3, 2025 Re vised Jun 16, 2025 Accepted Jul 1, 2025 K eyw ords: Design applications Digital art Graphic application Graphic design Mobile creati vity ABSTRA CT This paper discusses ho w smartphones and tablets ha v e changed creati vity and graphic design. These portable tools and easy apps ha v e transformed the cre- ati v e process, allo wing artists, designers, and students to create high-quality w ork an ywhere. Mobile design apps promote creati vi ty , accessibility , and skill de v elopment across broad user groups, according to the study . Unlik e desk- top tools, it addresses k e y constraints. Mobile apps sometimes struggle with smaller screens, restricted processing po wer , and reduced capabilities for com- plicated tasks lik e multi-layer editing and adv anced graphics. These restrictions may inhibit e xpe rt designers w orking on comple x, precise designs. Ev en Ne v er - theless, mobile technology lik e lar ger screens, stylus support, and cloud-based solutions are making mobile de vices more feasible for creati v e w ork. The nd- ings emphasise the rele v ance of inte grating mobile technology into education and professional w orko ws and its complementarity to desktop solutions for resource-intensi v e jobs. In the de v eloping digital landscape, our dual-platform approach maximizes creati vity and e xibility . This is an open access article under the CC BY -SA license . Corresponding A uthor: Jira w at Sookkae w Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia, School of Information and Communication T echnology Uni v ersity of Phayao Phayao, 56000, Thailand Email: jira w at.so@up.ac.th 1. INTR ODUCTION In recent years, the utilizat ion of portabl e de vic es l ik e tablets and smartphones for creati v e endea v ors has sur ged signicantly [1]. These g adgets ha v e transformed ho w people produce and eng age with content, of fering enhanced mobility , e xibi lity , and con v enience. W ith the emer gence of creati v e applications and softw are, these de vices ha v e e v olv ed into po werful instruments for artists, designers, and other creati v e profes- sionals to craft and share their creations [2]. T ablets and smartphones ha v e become essential tools for creati v es, as the follo wing article will dis cuss. These de vices and crea ti v e e xpert apps and softw are will be e xamined. W e will also discuss the pros and cons of using portable de vices for creati v e jobs and their impact on the creati v e industry [3], [4]. Recent years ha v e seen remarkable gro wth in mobile and tablet creati v e and artistic apps. As mobile de vices become more widespread, more people are using them for creati vity . This section e xam- ines mobile and tablet creati v e and artistic application trends and mark et dynamics. Designers, painters, and other creati v es lik e tablets and smartphones. High-performance portable de vices and a lar ge range of creati v e J ournal homepage: http://ijeecs.iaescor e .com Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 147 apps ha v e made w orking remotely easier . Mobile media’ s use in modern art sho ws its dual role as a creation and consumption medium. In this digital age, mobile de vices are essential to artistic e xpression and social interaction [5]. Thus, creati v e design tools for these de vices are in demand. Mobile graphic creation boosts creati v i ty and creati v e skills. Y ounger , tech-sa vvy teens and students should use simple apps. Users can impro v e their design skills independently . Because of this, design learning is not curriculum- or classroom-specic. Sharing digital products on man y social media sites supports self-e xpression [6], [7]. This article helps comprehend mobile de vice potential and limitations in graphic design and digit al art. This guide helps designers, students, and app de v elopers construct mobile-friendly softw are that solv es e xisting problems and impro v es creati v e professions’ usability . Identifying essential concerns and answers helps impro v e mobile design applications, making them more ef cient and v ersatile for designers. Application de v elopers and design acionados w ork together to create technology and learning methods for artists and mobile de vice users. The same menu as today applies to this group and the digital art creati v e circle. 2. LITERA TURE REVIEW Mobile design apps ha v e greatly impacted visual arts education creati vity . Researcher Franz C ¸ iz ek a nd Kırıs ¸ o ˘ glu ar gue that creati vity is link ed to free e xpression and a fundamental comprehension of creati v e con- cepts. Mobile design apps allo w students to e xperiment and incorporate personal tales into their art, fostering greater artistic e xpression [1], [8]. Students’ artistic products were scored using the Creati vity Le v el Analyt- ical Rubric (CLAR), sho wing that these applications boost creati vity . Multimedia-assisted teaching methods also foster 21 st -century abilities lik e critical thinking and adaptation in eng aging learning en vironments. So- cial reasoning is importa nt in art education since digital art projects are collaborati v e and augment the creati v e process through peer eng agement. Ov erall, the literature emphasizes the v aried character of creati vity in visual arts education, notably through mobile de sign applications that increase creati vity and prepare students for technology-dri v en issues. V ie ws of graphic design students re g arding the use of iP ads for brainstorming and sk etching. This study closes a g ap in the literature on the use of Apple iP ads for dra wing by graphic design students. The study looks at ho w early design dra wing is aided by iP ads. Three k e y themes emer ged from the qualitati v e phenomenological analysis of ten students’ intervie ws and sk etches: a preference for con v entional sk etching tools, an appreciation of iP ads’ portability and design application a v ailability , and an in v estig ation of dif ferent approaches to idea de v elopment [9]. The ndings illuminate ho w technology might impro v e graphic design education and student learning. Graphic design students’ perceptions of using Apple iP ads for sk etching. “Sk etch and generate ideas create sk etches and promote idea generation” addresses a g ap in the literature by e xploring graphic design students’ perceptions of sk etching on Apple iP ads. The study e xamines ho w iP ads aid early design dra wing. T en students’ intervie ws and sk etches were analyzed using qualitati v e phenomenolog- ical methods, re v ealing three main themes : a preference for traditional sk etchi ng tools , recognition of iP ads’ portability and design application access, and e xploration o f alternati v e idea generation methods. The ndings re v eal ho w technology may impro v e graphic design education and student learning. Some researchers ha v e in v estig ated the capacity of mobile de vices for inno v ati v e tasks in part icular domains. The adv ent of mobile g adgets, especially iP ads, has signied a transformational period in creati v e pursuits. These technologies ha v e impro v ed the accessibility of creati v e tools and re v olutionized the creati v e process, fostering spontaneity , adaptability , and cooperation. Their portability allo ws creati v e professionals to seize inspiration and undertak e tasks an ytime and an ywhere, liberating them from the constraints of traditional desktop setups. This freedom has fostered a more spontaneous and uid creati v e process, allo wing for the recording of ephemeral ideas and the e xploration of v arious concepts [10]. Additionally , mobile de vices are incredibly v ersatile, supporting a wide range of artistic e xpressions. From apps for painting and dra wing that mimic traditional media to tools for taking pict ures and editing videos that enhance narrati v e, mobile de vices ha v e de v eloped into potent platforms for artistic e xploration. Mobile de vices ha v e re v olutionized ho w designers and artists w ork. The portability , v ersatility , im- mediac y , and ability to allo w collaboration ha v e changed creati v e e xpression, enabling groundbreaking w ork. The study discusses the loss in primary school children’ s artistic creati vity and ho w standard ins truction f ails to encourage it. It dra ws on research indicating that contemplation impro v es le arning and e v en impro v e artistic talents. The study introduces “PresentAsian, a tablet program that records dra wing, modies strok e parame- A compr ehensive analysis of smartphones and tablets in gr aphic design and digital art (Jir awat Sookkae w) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
148 ISSN: 2502-4752 ters, and pro vides training. The app with reection support enhanced brushw ork di v ersity and originality more than direct instruction. T echnology can o v ercome traditional approaches’ dra wbacks and spark art enthusi- asm. Despite concerns about dwindling artistic talents in education, scaf folding and reection boost creati vity , according to study . T echnology can enhance learning and foster creati vity in children [10]. “Moti v ating pre-school children to learn creati v e thinking in Jordan using iP ad applications: a mix ed- methods approach” [11]. This title describes a Jordanian preschool study that emplo ys iP ad apps to boost creati vity . A mix ed-methods study e xamined ho w iP ad apps moti v ate Jordanian pre-schoolers to practice cre- ati v e thinking. iP ads ha v e mostly been used to increase literac y and numerac y skills, with little research on their ef fects on cogniti v e de v elopment and beha vior in early childhood education. F our Arabic and English iP ad apps associated with Jordan’ s kinder g arten curri culum emphasise creati vity , uenc y , and imagination. In a 16-week interv ention program with 51 kinder g arteners (26 in the e xperimental group and 25 in the control group), the e xperimental group sho wed signicant g ains in creati v e thinking moti v ation. The moti v ation to learn creati v e thinking scale (MLCT -Scale) measures interest, percei v ed competence, pressure, ef fort, and en- jo yment. Observ ations sho wed that youngsters were v ery eng aged with iP ad apps, especially creati v e ones, ho we v er their eng agement patterns v aried by ability . The study sho ws that iP ad apps can moti v ate creati v e thinking in pre-schoolers, lling a g ap in Jordan’ s early childhood education system. T ablets are creati v e tools thanks to display and image processing technologies. This research emphasises their role in boosting creati vity and f acilitating artistic production. T ablets’ portability and features help creati v e graphic and design w ork [12]. T ouchscreens, cameras, and stylus pens that simulate brush strok es and chalk ef fects let artists and designers create an ywhere. NPR algorithms enhance artistic renderings and natural medium simulation, while motion sensors introduce interacti vity , such as paint o w simulation. T ablets enhance design immersion through tactile input and instantaneous processing. Resource-ef cient de vices minimize data v olumes, pre- serv e battery life, and accelerate rendering. The y augment user eng agement and desi gn quality by inte grating creati v e and informational design components lik e as visual data representations, line dra wings, and 3D model processing. T ablets inte grate artistic inno v ation with technological ef cienc y in education, communication, and professional design, while their screen size and basic processing capabilities restrict comple x rendering tasks. The inte gration of technology in fostering creati vity within education is a critical eld of study . An e v aluation of cutting-edge and eng aging technologies in creati v e product design education [13]. According to studies, technology can boost creati vity , b ut implementing transformati v e technologies is dif cult. Expert teachers can inspire, eng age, research, and honestl y e v aluate crea ti vity using digital resources, b ut the y struggle with comprehensi v e creati vity e v aluation and inno v ati v e technology inte gration. Summarizing and presenting k e y ideas in T able 1 impro v es comprehension. Carefully produced sum- mary tables highlight essential study subjects, details, and trends. Structured data mak es it easy to compare, e xamine, and dra w conclusions from research, impro ving understanding. Readers q ui ckly grasp the study’ s pri- mary topics and linkages with tab ular data. This structured strate gy impro v es readability and supports rele v ant research, analysis, and application. T able 1. Summary of k e y topics from literature re vie w Main topic Summary Mobile design apps and creati vity Mobile design applications enhance creati vity for designers and students through user -friendly tools. T echnology in visual arts education Digital technology , such as design apps, impro v es skills and creates an interacti v e learning en vironment for art students. Impact of iP ads on sk etching Using iP ads allo ws designers to sk etch con v eniently , making it portable and reducing the limitations of traditional tools. Collaboration in digital art Digital applications enable designers to collaborate, share ideas, and de v elop art projects more easily . Role of multimedia in learning Multimedia, such as tutorial videos and interacti v e demonstrations, enhances the learning process and impro v es artistic skills. 3. TYPES OF CREA TIVE GRAPHIC AND MUL TIMEDIA APPLICA TIONS A primary adv antage of tablets and smartphones for creati v e endea v ours is their capacity to produce di v erse graphic and multimedia content. V arious forms of creati v e content that can be produced on these de vices include. Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 40, No. 1, October 2025: 146–155 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 149 3.1. Digital illustrations and paintings Since dra wing applications ha v e become popular , tablets are used for art. These programs are port able, v ersatile, accurate, and allo w undo and redo, numerous layers, and lters and ef fects. Dra wing applications allo w artists to share feedback and collaborate on projects [11], [14]. The iP ad v ersion of Procreate is popular among artists and designers. The app’ s straightforw ard UI, strong capabilities, and wide can v as support ha v e made it popular [9]. Procreate’ s user -friendly interf ace and e xtensi v e capabilities allo w artists and des igners to create professional-le v el digital illustrations and paintings on iP ads, which has contrib uted to its rise. Digital artists and designers lik e Procreate’ s lo w price and frequent updates. Demand for digital art and design in numerous industries has further boos ted Procreate’ s mark et. One of the most popular iP ad digital painting apps, Procreate, of fers a v ariety of brushes, te xtures, and other tools. Greck e uses these methods to mak e realistic portraits of celebrities and imaginary characters in the “Procreate Portraits” series. In conclusion, digital painting on an iP ad is a practical and accessible option for artists to create high- quality artw ork. Apps lik e Procreate allo w artists to create detailed and magnicent w orks of art on a portable machine. T abl et dra wing is f antastic. T ablets are portable, adaptable, and ha v e man y capabilities to hel p you w ork well [15]. 3.2. Digital graphic design and photo editors W ith Photoshop Express Photo Editor , Af nity Designer , and Can v a, designers can create professional- quality designs on tablets and smartphones. T ablets and smartphones mak e digital graphic design and layout easier , cheaper , and more accessible for pros and no vices. Mobile de vices are gro wing more popular due to designer and creati v e apps and digital tools. T ablets a re portable and e xcellent for graphic design. Design pro- fessionals can use tablets to w ork when inspired at the studio, on-site, or touring. Mobility helps designers sa v e time and be more creati v e [1], [16]. Graphic designers utilize them to generate high-quality designs f aster and more ef ciently due to its mobility , ease of use, v ariety , and collaborati v e capabiliti es. More in v enti v e tablet applications for graphic design will shape ho w designers w ork and de v elop po werful designs as technology adv ances. T ablets simplify graphic design creation and modication with their user -friendly interf ace. T abl et- optimized graphics design apps of fer intuiti v e touchscreen controls that mimic traditional graphic design tools. The ease of use mak es table ts accessible to more people, e v en those without technical skills [17]. The utilization of iP ads and smartphones has transformed graphic design, enabling designers to produce high-quality w ork remotely using applications such as Procreate, Can v a, and Photoshop Mobile. This underscores the increasing demand for portable tools, and the future of mobile graphic design is optimistic [18]. Mobile de vices are con v enient b ut ha v e smaller screens than desktops. Lar ger -screen de vices m it- ig ate this issue. Processing po wer limits layers and design comple xity , although adv ances are o v ercoming this. Despite these shortcomings, mobile graphic design of fers portability , af fordability , and creati v e freedom. Creati v es can create professional-quality w ork on mobile de vices thanks to po werful apps and resources. 3.3. Animation video editing and pr oduction and motion graphics W ith smartphone and iP ad apps, artists can no w create high-quality animations on the mo v e i nstead of using desktop softw are. Adobe After Ef fects helps animators create intricate and dynamic animations with its features and capabilities. Filmmaking and video production no w use smartphones with capabilities pre vi- ously reserv ed for professional cameras and editing softw are. Their mobility , af fordability , and user -friendly interf aces allo w lmmak ers and content creators of all abilities to create high-quality videos on the y . Smartphones can be used to create high-quality content with creati vity and resourcefulness, al lo wing lmmak ers to o v ercome smartphone limitations and create capti v ating videos [19], [20]. Smartphones enable e v eryone t o generate capti v ating material and lm and video. Smartphone lmmaking apps will impro v e, e xpanding this v ersatile platform’ s creati v e possibilities. Mo vies, TV , ads, and digital mark eting need animation and motion graphics. Man y artists and designers cannot use animation and motion graphics without appropriate softw are and equipment. Smartphone and iP ad apps mak e animation and motion graphics easy for more people. One of the best mobile video editing apps, LumaFusion by LumaT ouch, supports iOS and has profes- sional features. LumaFusion, originall y designed for journalis ts and multimedia artists on the go, no w attracts Y ouT ubers and mobil e lmmak ers with desktop-lik e editing tools. The tool supports multi-track editing with up to 12 tracks (six video and six audio) with full color correction, speed changes, and smooth transitions. K e yframe animation and real-time pre vie w allo w e xact ef fect and transformation control in comple x visual projects. HDR, 4 K, and 240 fps increase LumaFusion’ s high-quality video production apps. A compr ehensive analysis of smartphones and tablets in gr aphic design and digital art (Jir awat Sookkae w) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
150 ISSN: 2502-4752 The poll also highlighted a mobile animation and motion graphics app boom. Man y apps feature basic to adv anced k e yframe animation and camera controls. Popular programs include Procreate, Animation Desk, and RoughAnimator . Benets of mobile animation and motion graphics. The y allo w mobile w ork, allo wing freelancers and artists without traditional tools ne w opportunities. Mobile de vices are cheaper than desktop apps, making them more accessible. 3.4. 3D cr eati v e and 3D modeling T ablet and smartphone 3D modelling programs are becoming more popular due to their portability . Po werful processors and high-quality monitors enable precise and ef cient 3D modelling on these de vices. Recently released iP ad and smartphone apps mak e 3D modelling crucial for design and engineering profes- sionals [21]. Nomad Sculpt is an iOS/Android 3D sculpting softw are. It of fers tools for dif ferent artistic styles and w orko ws to be ginners and pros with a touch-based interf ace. User s may shape, smooth, and add small details by manipulating “v ox els, or 3D pix els. The Nomad tools support modelling, te xturing, painting, and rendering. Users use clay , mo v e, and smooth brushes to b uild objects from simple forms lik e spheres or cubes. The app’ s masking and layer tools let users isolate model components, w ork on numerous pieces at once, and adjust without af fecti ng others. The research article “De v elopment and creation of ancient sandstone carvings using 3D softw are t ools and mobile/tablet de vices” [22]. It stresses the importance and dif culty of preserv- ing these art forms. Digital carving copies emplo ying 3D technology are proposed by the authors. The y also highlight ho w this technology allo ws replicas to be shared and used for education. T ablets for art and 3D reference are gro wing more popular . T ablets are more portable, af fordable , and user -friendly than pre vious techniques. T ablet apps for sk etching, painting, sculpting, and 3D modelling are a v ailable. These tools allo w you to generate e v erything from sk etches to 3D models. Recently , iP ads and smartphones ha v e become popular 3D modelling and creati v e tools. Po werful CPUs and high-quality monitors mak e these de vices portable and con v enient for producing 3D models with precision [23]. Thus, v arious 3D modelling and creati v e apps ha v e been created for these de vices. 3D modelling and creati o n apps on iP ads and smartphones ha v e become a major tool for 3D artists, and with the gro wing demand for portable and con v enient design tools, we e xpect to see continued gro wth. 4. AD V ANT A GE OF GRAPHIC AND CREA TIVE DESIGN APPLICA TION ON SMAR TPHONE AND T ABLET 4.1. P ortability Smartphones and iP ads are con v enient for graphic artists who w ork remotely . Recent years ha v e seen more creati v e and graphic designers using smartphones and iP ads. P ortability , accessibility , and usability are benets of using these de vices for design. Smartphones are transforming graphic design by of fering portability , v ersatility , and a v ariety of functions that can enhance the creati v e process. While the y may not yet fully replace desktop computers, smartphones are pro viding designers with ne w a v enues for e xpression and collaboration. As technology adv ances, smartphones will become more important in graphic design [24], [25]. One benet of using smartphones and iP ads for creati v e and graphic design is their sophi sticated design apps. Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator feature mobile apps that let designers generate professional- quality w ork on the go [26]. Man y mobile design softw are, lik e Procreate for iP ad, of fer functionality and tools not present in desktop apps. In addition to design, iP ads impro v e art and design education communication and teamw ork. Since iP ads are portable, students can readily share ideas and pro vide comments during collaborati v e assignments. Design cooperation requires problem-solving and creati v e thinking, which this digital technology enables. In art and design education, iP ads boost learning by complementing traditional and digital techniques [25]. 4.2. T ouchscr een interface Smartphones and iP ads’ touchscreen interf aces mak e dra wing and design more natural and intuiti v e, resulting in more precise and imaginati v e ideas. Graphic designers benet from smartphones and iP ads’ touch- screens. T ouch input mak es dra wing and designing more natural than mouse and k e yboard input. Since the designer has more control and can mak e tin y tweaks, this might lead to more e xact and imaginati v e designs. T ouch displays ha v e changed design in recent years. The y ha v e enabled more intuiti v e and user -friendly inter - f aces and increased interacti vity and creati vity [27]. Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 40, No. 1, October 2025: 146–155 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 151 T ouch screens ha v e changed mouse and k e yboard interf aces to touch-based ones, which is one of it s biggest ef fects. This has led to ne w touch-based interf ace design guidelines, techniques, and technologies. T ouch displays enable more immersi v e and eng aging e xperiences. Design has beneted from touch screens. The y pro vide more intuiti v e, user -friendly , and entertaining interf aces. Ov er time, touch screen technology will enable more imaginati v e and no v el uses [28]. Graphic designers and artists use smartphones and iP ads’ touch- screen interf aces for more natural dra wing and design input. T ouchscreens impro v e creati v e and design w ork speed and precision. Adobe (2019) found that touch screen de vices ha v e changed graphic artists’ w orko ws. The study indicated that 88% of creati v e professionals feel touch screen de vices enhance creati vity , and 86% of designers prefer them o v er traditional input de vices. T ouch screens and adv anced design apps allo w designers to create professional-le v el w ork on the y and eng age with clients and colleagues in real time. Stylus pens with touch screens dra w more accurately and naturally than mice or trackpads. Pressure af fects stylus pen line thickness and opacity [29]. T ouchscreen de vices’ rob ust design applications enable designers to produce professional-quality w ork instantaneously , in- teract with clients and colleagues, and disseminate their w ork in r eal time. The creati v e process is f ar more dynamic. T ouchscreen de vices ha v e transformed the operational methods of graphic designers and creati v es, altering creati v e culture and f acilitating more ef cient and ef fecti v e w ork practices. 4.3. Connecti vity and w orking between smartphones, computers, and other electr onic de vices Graphic designers need connection and cross-de vice compatibility in the digital w orld. This a llo ws designers to w ork remotely and interact in real time, impro ving design e xibility and ef cienc y . Connecti v- ity and w orking between cellphones, laptops , and other de vices has these benets. Connection and commu- nication between de vices ha v e become increasingly vital in graphic and design w ork, enhancing ef cienc y , collaboration, and creati v e possibilities [30]. Connecti vity f acilitates enhanced e xibility and ef cienc y in the design process, permitting designers to operate from an y location at an y time and to connect ef fortlessly with their colleagues. Cloud-based technologies and the enhanced accessibility of mobile de vices ha v e f acilitated the sharing of les, pro vision of feedback, and collaborati v e project w ork, irrespecti v e of location or de vice type [31]. 4.4. A pplication in personal computers, the mark et has expanded into the mobile de vice mark et As smartphone and tablet use rises, graphic design apps ha v e e v olv ed to be con v enient and usable an ywhere. These applications, which were b uilt for desktops and laptops, are no w optimized for mobile de vices with small screens and touch capabilities. Design is transformed by this transition, making these strong tools more accessible to more people. Smartphones and tablets are cheaper than desktops and laptops b ut can handle adv anced design jobs. T ablets with stylus capability (e.g., Apple Pencil) reduce the need for price y accessories, making them cost-ef fecti v e for professionals [32]. Moreo v er , mobile programs such as Procreate or Can v a function on freemium or one-time purchase models, considerably lo wering softw are e xpenses in comparison to desktop alternati v es lik e Adobe Creati v e Suite [33]. Mobile de vices necessitate reduced maintenance and e xhibit lo wer ener gy consumption compared to con v entional computers, hence f acilitating long-term cost sa vings [34]. Their portability allo ws mobile w orko ws, decreasing project turnaround times and costs. In emer ging areas where high-end systems are too e xpensi v e, these g adgets allo w people to eng age in global sectors without in v esting much [35]. Smartphone and tablet apps of fer portability . Designers can w ork an ywhere [36]. Not just at w ork or home. T ouch and stylus functionality for rapid dra wing are common in mobile apps. T ouchscreens, accelerometers, and app stores ha v e made mobile platforms e xible tools, spanning PC-based and mobile de vice capabilities. Due to mobile de vice gro wth in man y elds, user beha viour and mark et demands ha v e changed [37]. It’ s e xcellent for designers sk etching ideas on the y or in the eld. Mobile app interf aces must be optimized for smaller screens. The menus and tools are simple to use. Desktop functions include picture editing, sk etching, layering, and management. Designed for touch. Using it on mobile de vices is natural. This allo ws apps that need po werful processors to run ef fecti v ely . Graphics creation on mobile de vices is as ef cient as on desktops. Man y smartphones and tablets allo w high-resolution stylus pens lik e the Apple Pencil or Samsung S Pen for precise dra wing. Thes e features impro v e mobile graphics apps. Ev en on mobile de vices, designers may mak e delicate creations. adjustments from computer application graphic design to mobile de vices, adapting to today’ s user beha viour and needs [38]. The adv antages of graphic design and creati v e apps on smartphones and tablets are sho wn in T able 2. A compr ehensive analysis of smartphones and tablets in gr aphic design and digital art (Jir awat Sookkae w) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
152 ISSN: 2502-4752 T able 2. Adv antages of graphic and creati v e design applications on smartphones and tablets Adv antage Description K e y insights Portability Enables w ork an ywhere. Boosts producti vity and idea capture. T ouchscreen interf ace Supports intuiti v e touch and stylus input. Enhances precision and control. Connecti vity Enables cloud syncing and sharing. Impro v es w orko w and collaboration. Cost-ef fecti v eness Lo wer cost than desktop softw are. Increases accessibility for all users. Ener gy ef cienc y Consumes less po wer than desktops. Extends battery life for mobile w ork. App mark et gro wth Expanding tools for all skill le v els. Supports both be ginners and professionals. User -friendly interf ace Optimized for touch and small screens. Simplies learning and usability . 5. DESIGNER TRENDS AND BEHA VIORS IN MOBILE DEVICE USA GE 5.1. Flexibility in w ork en vir onments Designers’ rising use of mobile de vices is a major creati v e industry shift. These technologies pro- vide smooth w ork across v aried conte xts with unsurpassed e xibility . Mobile de vices let designers produce “an ywhere, an ytime” without being chained to a desktop. This adaptability boosts creati vity and producti vity during tra v el, outdoor meetings, and i nformal brainstorming [39]. Designers’ gro wing use of mobile de vices is transforming the creati v e profession by pro viding unmatched freedom and enabling seamless w ork across v ar - ied en vironments. Mobile de vices let designers w ork remotely , unlik e desktops [40]. T ablets and cloud-based apps pro vide f ast collaboration and project access, transforming design w orko ws. Graphic design will e xpand 3% year from 2020 to 2030. Mobile technology has helped designers collaborate and produce more ef ciently , contrib uting to this de v elopment [41]. Mobile de vices sa v e time and enable current, ef fecti v e procedures. This shift highlights a cultural shift in the b usiness, emphasizing the role of portable tools in eliminating spatial limitations and boosting creati v e inno v ation where v er inspiration strik es [42], [43]. Adv anced features in mobile and tablet design apps are transforming the design industry . As mobile technology adv ances, designers will lik ely use these pl atforms to complete dif cult design jobs, reecting a wider trend to w ards professional mobility and e xibility . Not only does this shift impro v e design ef cienc y and accessibility . 5.2. Adoption patter ns and tool integration designers Designers are increasingly using iP ads and other mobile de vices with traditional design tools. Mobile de vices are no w utilized to augment traditional approaches in the creati v e b usiness, reecting a wider transition. Mobile de vices allo w designers to iterate f ast and capture spontaneous ideas while still using pencils and sk etchbooks for initial concept de v elopment [44]. Research sho ws that mobile de vices, especially Procreate and Adobe Illustrator , are becoming v aluable creati v e tools. T ouch-based interf aces and mobility distinguish these dra wing tools from others. Hybrid user interf ace studies sho w that mobile de vices impro v e ef cienc y and creati vity in professional operations [44], [45]. Designers are no w le v eraging mobile technologies to connect design s oftw are and user e xperience tes ting for f as ter feedback and collaboration. This method lets designers smoothly sw ap between traditional and digital tools to optimize w orko ws. This h ybrid paradigm relies on mobile de vices for e xibility without sacricing ef cienc y or quality . 5.3. P ersonalization and adaptation in mobile lear ning f or cr eati v e skills Y ounger designers and students are self-learning using smartphone apps. The y’ re using simple inter - f aces to learn alone, bypassing the classroom. This changes ho w ne w designers learn and de v elop their creati v- ity . Mobile de vices of fer personalized and adapti v e content, letting learners customize their learning [46], [47]. Designers are adopting adv anced mobile and tablet design elements, a major change in creati v e technology acceptance. Adv anced technologies lik e v ector graphic support and real-time collaboration promote this trend. These characteristics enable complicated design acti vities pre vi ously limited to desktop platforms, increasing mobility and e xibility [48]. Design principles, colour theory , and critical analysis are taught in graphic design, painting, and dra w- ing classes. Mobile apps with interacti v e colour matching and design tools can impro v e learning in this sector [49]. T echnology in art education helps pupils comprehend colour matching, boosting their creati vity and de- sign quality . This e v olution is consistent with observ ations that mobile de vices are no w essential to professional processes [28]. As mobile technology adv ances, designers will rely more on these platforms to w ork ef ciently and precisely , representing a shift to w ards e xible and adaptable professional practices [17]. Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 40, No. 1, October 2025: 146–155 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 153 Mobile and tablet design apps are adding adv anced functionality as designers seek greater e xibili ty and producti vity . V ector graphic and real-time collaboration tools let designers complete complicated desktop jobs [50]. This change simplies teamw ork and lo wers barriers for students and professionals. As mobile technology adv ances, designers are using it to boost creati vity , producti vity , and adapt to modern, dynamic w ork situations, emphasizing mobility and inno v ation. 6. CONCLUSION Smartphones and tablets are essential for graphic design and digital art due to their portability , user - friendliness, and hardw are po wer . Using apps, these de vices let designers create high-quality w ork an ywhere. T ouchscreens and styluses mak e dra wing natural, and cloud-based tools enable teamw ork. These inno v ations ha v e changed creati v e w orko ws, allo wing professionals to operate in dif ferent conte xts. Despite screen size and processing restrictions, de vice technological de v elopments lik e lar ger displays and f aster proce ssing po wer are solving these problems. Mobile de vices are no w essential to design creati vity , accessibility , and inclusion. Smartphones and tablets will continue to inuence creati vity . Digital inno v ation and traditional w ays are mer ging as these g adgets are inte grated into professional w orko ws. The y can enable dra wing, graphic design, animation, and 3D modelling, making them v ersatile platforms for art ists and designers. Inte grating ne w technology lik e AI will impro v e mobile de vice design. Multi-platform design allo ws mobile de vices to w ork seamlessly with PCs and wearables, impro ving producti vity and collaboration. These de vices will pro vide opportunities for professional designers and gi v e students and enthusiasts access to creati v e tools as technology adv ances. 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Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 155 [49] J. Sang, T . Mei, Y .-Q Xu, C Zhao, C Xu, and S Li, “Interaction design for mobile visual search, IEEE T r ansactions on Multimedia , v ol. 15, no. 7, pp. 1665–1676, No v . 2013, doi: 10.1109/tmm.2013.2268052. [50] I. Jahnk e and J. Liebs cher , “Three types of inte grated course designs for using mobile technologies to support creati vity in higher education, Computer s & Education , v ol. 146, p. 103782, Mar . 2020., doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103782. BIOGRAPHIES OF A UTHORS Jirawat Sookkaew is Instructor in the eld of computer graphics and mul timedia, F aculty of Information and Communication T echnology , Uni v ers ity of Phayao. Bachelor’ s de gree in the arts, specializing in interacti v e and g am e design de v elopment. Master’ s de gree in industrial education design. Specialises in graphic design, multimedia, interacti v e media, and digital art creation. He can be contacted at email: jira w at.so@up.ac.th. Nakhar et Chaikaew is Instructor in the eld of computer graphics and multimedia, F ac- ulty of Information and Communication T echnology , Uni v ersity of Phayao. Bachelor’ s and Mas- ter’ s de grees in product design. Specializing in graphi c design and digital art, he thri v e at pro- ducing visually striking designs that inte grate creati vity with utility . He can be contact ed at email: nakharet.ch@up.ac.th. Nakarin Chaikaew Ph.D. in in remote sensing and geographic information systems, Asian Institute of T echnology (AIT). Assistant Professor of geographic information science at the Uni v ersity of Phayao, Thailand. Procienc y and enthusiasm in scientic technology , computing, spatial analysis, cartograph y , and geograph y . He can be contacted at email: nakarin.ch@up.ac.th. A compr ehensive analysis of smartphones and tablets in gr aphic design and digital art (Jir awat Sookkae w) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.