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a
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tain
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s
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p
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b
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b
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li
m
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w
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m
u
lt
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ste
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m
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s
a
n
d
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n
h
a
n
c
e
d
b
u
sin
e
ss
-
IT
a
li
g
n
m
e
n
t,
p
ro
v
id
in
g
a
stru
c
tu
re
d
a
p
p
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a
c
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f
o
r
b
u
si
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e
ss
p
ro
f
e
ss
io
n
a
ls an
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
rs
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Au
to
m
a
tin
g
E
DM
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
am
s
B
u
s
i
n
ess
p
r
o
ce
s
s
Do
cu
m
e
n
t
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
s
E
lectr
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n
ic
d
o
cu
m
e
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t
s
y
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te
m
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
m
o
d
el
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
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n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
So
u
f
ian
e
Ha
k
k
o
u
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
o
f
A
p
p
lied
Ma
t
h
e
m
atic
s
an
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
S
y
s
te
m
s
,
Mo
h
a
m
m
ed
First U
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
Mo
h
a
m
m
ed
V
A
v
e
n
u
e,
P
.
O.
B
o
x
6
5
8
,
Ou
j
d
a
6
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,
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r
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c
co
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m
ail:
s
o
u
f
ian
e
h
a
k
k
o
u
@
y
a
h
o
o
.
f
r
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Or
g
an
iza
tio
n
s
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
io
u
s
s
ec
to
r
s
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
l
y
r
el
y
o
n
el
ec
tr
o
n
ic
d
o
cu
m
en
t
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
(
E
DM
)
s
y
s
te
m
s
to
s
tr
ea
m
li
n
e
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
s
,
e
n
s
u
r
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
co
m
p
lian
ce
,
a
n
d
en
h
an
ce
d
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
b
r
id
g
in
g
t
h
e
g
ap
b
et
w
ee
n
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
s
an
d
I
T
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
s
r
e
m
ai
n
s
a
ch
alle
n
g
e.
B
u
s
i
n
ess
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
d
el
an
d
n
o
tatio
n
(
B
P
MN
)
h
as
em
er
g
ed
as
a
w
id
el
y
ad
o
p
ted
g
r
ap
h
ical
lan
g
u
a
g
e
to
v
is
u
all
y
r
ep
r
esen
t
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
y
et
it
s
in
te
g
r
atio
n
w
i
th
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
r
eq
u
ir
es
f
u
r
t
h
er
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
.
Desp
ite
t
h
e
w
id
esp
r
ea
d
u
s
e
o
f
B
P
MN
f
o
r
m
o
d
elin
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
th
ese
m
o
d
el
s
in
to
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
-
r
ea
d
y
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
s
r
e
m
ain
s
a
ch
allen
g
e.
C
u
r
r
en
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
o
f
te
n
in
v
o
lv
e
m
u
ltip
le
i
n
ter
m
ed
iate
s
tep
s
,
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
co
m
p
lex
i
t
y
a
n
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
au
to
m
atio
n
p
o
ten
tial.
Ou
r
s
t
u
d
y
ai
m
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
is
ch
a
llen
g
e
b
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
d
ir
ec
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
am
s
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
-
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
m
o
d
el
s
(
C
I
M
)
i
n
to
u
n
i
f
ied
m
o
d
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g
la
n
g
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a
g
e
(
UM
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clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
p
lat
f
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r
m
-
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
m
o
d
el
s
(
P
I
M
)
,
f
o
llo
w
in
g
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
iv
e
n
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
(
MD
A
)
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
[
1
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
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lec
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g
&
C
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p
Sci
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N:
2502
-
4752
A
u
to
ma
tin
g
elec
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o
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cu
me
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t m
a
n
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t d
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:
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mo
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a
p
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(
S
o
u
fia
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Ha
kk
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)
217
S
ev
er
al
s
tu
d
ie
s
h
a
v
e
e
x
p
lo
r
ed
B
P
MN
-
to
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UM
L
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
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s
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m
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k
f
lo
w
s
:
A
d
d
a
m
s
s
ir
i
et
a
l.
[
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
tw
o
-
s
tep
tr
an
s
f
o
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m
at
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m
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ef
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ce
s
s
r
ep
r
esen
ta
tio
n
s
.
R
h
az
al
i
et
a
l.
[
3
]
d
ev
elo
p
ed
a
n
MD
A
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
s
in
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atlas
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s
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(
A
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m
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n
d
ad
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tab
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.
B
ảo
ex
am
in
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B
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to
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a
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al
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n
m
en
t
f
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
d
elin
g
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
Deb
n
ath
et
a
l.
[
6
]
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
d
a
m
u
lt
i
-
s
tep
B
P
MN
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
lead
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g
to
J
a
v
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E
p
latf
o
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m
i
m
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m
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w
ca
s
i
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t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
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au
to
m
at
ed
co
d
e
g
en
er
atio
n
[
7
]
.
Kch
ao
u
et
a
l.
[
8
]
ex
p
an
d
ed
B
P
MN
ap
p
licatio
n
s
b
y
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
to
OW
L
2
o
n
to
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
s
e
m
an
t
ic
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
an
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
[
9
]
.
W
h
ile
th
ese
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
h
a
v
e
ad
v
an
ce
d
m
o
d
el
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es,
n
o
n
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
d
i
r
ec
t,
au
to
m
ated
B
P
MN
-
to
-
UM
L
c
lass
d
iag
r
a
m
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
u
s
i
n
g
q
u
er
y
/
v
ie
w
/
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
(
QVT
)
,
w
h
ich
r
e
m
ain
s
a
cr
itical
g
ap
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
.
Desp
ite
p
r
io
r
ef
f
o
r
ts
,
ex
is
ti
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
co
m
p
lex
it
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
ter
m
ed
iate
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
,
ac
ti
v
it
y
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
,
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
d
iag
r
a
m
s
)
b
e
f
o
r
e
r
ea
ch
in
g
U
ML
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ai
m
s
to
:
Au
to
m
a
te
th
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
B
P
MN
to
UM
L
clas
s
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
,
eli
m
in
at
in
g
u
n
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
in
ter
m
ed
iar
y
s
tep
s
.
E
n
s
u
r
e
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
is
ten
c
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
w
ell
-
d
ef
in
ed
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
r
u
le
s
ali
g
n
in
g
w
i
th
o
b
j
ec
t
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
g
r
o
u
p
(
OM
G
)
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
E
n
h
a
n
ce
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
b
et
w
e
en
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
an
al
y
s
t
s
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
d
ir
ec
t
m
ap
p
in
g
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
co
n
ce
p
ts
to
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es.
I
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
w
e
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
,
w
h
ic
h
r
ep
r
esen
t
C
I
Ms,
i
n
to
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
,
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
P
I
M.
T
h
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
b
r
id
g
e
s
t
h
e
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
a
n
d
tech
n
ical
d
o
m
ai
n
s
,
allo
w
i
n
g
f
o
r
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
tr
an
s
itio
n
s
to
P
S
Ms
an
d
a
u
to
m
ated
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
g
en
er
atio
n
.
Us
in
g
QVT
,
a
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
b
y
OM
G,
w
e
ai
m
to
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
a
s
tr
ea
m
li
n
ed
,
au
to
m
ated
p
r
o
ce
s
s
t
h
at
f
ac
ilit
ate
s
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
an
d
en
h
a
n
ce
s
t
h
e
o
v
er
all
d
esig
n
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
w
it
h
E
DM
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
er
v
in
g
as a
p
r
ac
t
ical
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
y
.
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
ese
g
ap
s
,
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
iv
e
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
s
i
n
g
QVT
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
ec
lip
s
e
m
o
d
elin
g
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
(
E
MF)
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
o
u
tlin
e
o
u
r
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
:
Sectio
n
2
p
r
o
v
id
es b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
n
B
P
MN
,
UM
L
,
an
d
QVT
.
Sectio
n
3
d
escr
ib
es th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
an
d
its
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
esen
ts
a
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ati
n
g
t
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Sectio
n
5
d
is
cu
s
s
e
s
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
,
h
ig
h
li
g
h
tin
g
a
u
to
m
at
io
n
b
en
e
f
its
a
n
d
p
o
ten
tial li
m
ita
tio
n
s
.
Sectio
n
6
co
n
clu
d
e
s
w
it
h
in
s
ig
h
ts
o
n
f
u
t
u
r
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
ts
a
n
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
B
y
i
n
te
g
r
atin
g
B
P
MN
d
ir
e
ctl
y
in
to
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
,
o
u
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
s
i
m
p
li
f
i
es
m
o
d
el
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
,
e
n
h
a
n
ce
s
au
t
o
m
a
tio
n
,
a
n
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
s
b
u
s
in
ess
-
I
T
alig
n
m
e
n
t,
u
l
ti
m
atel
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
ti
n
g
to
th
e
b
r
o
ad
e
r
f
ie
ld
o
f
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
iv
e
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
.
2.
B
ACK
G
RO
UND
K
NO
W
L
E
DG
E
2
.
1
.
B
us
ines
s
pro
ce
s
s
m
o
de
l a
nd
no
t
a
t
io
n
(
B
P
M
N
)
B
P
MN
is
a
g
r
ap
h
ical
lan
g
u
a
g
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
m
o
d
elin
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
Kn
o
w
n
f
o
r
its
clar
it
y
an
d
s
i
m
p
l
icit
y
,
i
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
et
o
f
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
ized
s
y
m
b
o
ls
t
h
at
en
ab
le
n
o
n
-
tec
h
n
ical
u
s
er
s
to
v
is
u
alize
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
icate
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
n
ee
d
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
itiall
y
cr
ea
ted
b
y
th
e
b
u
s
i
n
ess
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
in
i
tiati
v
e
(
B
P
MI
)
,
B
P
MN
is
n
o
w
m
ai
n
tain
ed
b
y
OM
G.
I
t
s
er
v
e
s
as
a
b
r
id
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
a
ls
an
d
I
T
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
,
f
ac
ilit
ati
n
g
a
s
h
ar
ed
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
le
v
er
ag
es
B
P
MN
as
th
e
s
tar
ti
n
g
p
o
in
t
f
o
r
ca
p
tu
r
in
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
in
a
C
I
M,
m
a
k
i
n
g
it
a
n
id
ea
l
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
tr
an
s
itio
n
i
n
g
i
n
to
m
o
r
e
tech
n
i
ca
ll
y
d
etailed
m
o
d
els li
k
e
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
2
.
2
.
Q
uery
/
v
iew
/t
r
a
ns
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
QVT
is
an
OM
G
-
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
lan
g
u
a
g
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
f
o
r
m
o
d
el
-
to
-
m
o
d
el
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
MD
A
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
.
I
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
2
0
0
5
[
1
4
]
-
[1
8
]
,
QV
T
en
s
u
r
es
au
to
m
ated
,
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
m
o
d
el
s
.
K
e
y
f
ea
t
u
r
es o
f
QVT
in
cl
u
d
e:
Au
to
m
a
tio
n
:
r
ed
u
ce
s
h
u
m
an
e
r
r
o
r
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
es e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
d
u
r
in
g
m
o
d
el
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Me
ta
-
m
o
d
el
co
m
p
l
ian
ce
:
e
n
s
u
r
es
in
p
u
t a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
m
o
d
els a
d
h
er
e
to
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
m
eta
-
m
o
d
els.
I
n
teg
r
atio
n
:
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
p
latf
o
r
m
s
li
k
e
e
clip
s
e,
allo
w
in
g
s
ea
m
les
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
b
et
wee
n
m
o
d
els
lik
e
B
P
MN
an
d
UM
L
[
1
9
]
-
[
2
3
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
40
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
25
:
2
1
6
-
2
2
4
218
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
QVT
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
w
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
a
r
eliab
le
p
r
o
c
ess
f
o
r
co
n
v
er
ti
n
g
B
P
MN
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
in
to
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
,
d
e
m
o
n
s
t
r
atin
g
i
ts
u
tili
t
y
i
n
b
r
id
g
in
g
th
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
a
n
d
tech
n
ical
d
o
m
a
in
s
.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
Ou
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ai
m
s
to
e
s
tab
lis
h
an
a
u
to
m
ated
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
a
t
b
r
id
g
es
t
h
e
g
a
p
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
n
-
tec
h
n
ica
l
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
I
T
d
e
v
elo
p
er
s
b
y
co
n
v
er
tin
g
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
i
n
to
u
n
i
f
ied
UM
L
class
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
.
T
h
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
llo
w
s
t
h
e
M
DA
p
r
in
c
ip
les,
tr
an
s
itio
n
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
a
C
I
M
to
a
P
I
M.
3
.1
.
O
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
m
et
ho
do
lo
g
y
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
u
s
i
n
g
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
an
d
th
en
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
to
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
T
h
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
au
to
m
ate
s
th
e
tr
an
s
i
tio
n
f
r
o
m
C
I
M
to
P
I
M,
en
ab
lin
g
clea
r
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
io
n
a
ls
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
,
w
h
ic
h
b
y
p
a
s
s
e
s
i
n
t
er
m
ed
iate
m
o
d
els
(
e.
g
.
,
u
s
e
ca
s
e,
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
,
o
r
ac
tiv
it
y
d
iag
r
a
m
s
)
to
d
ir
ec
tl
y
o
b
tain
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
,
s
av
in
g
ti
m
e
a
n
d
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
ac
cu
r
ac
y
[
2
4
]
-
[2
7
].
T
h
e
ch
o
s
en
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
ll
o
w
s
t
h
e
MD
A
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
to
au
to
m
ate
t
h
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
d
els in
to
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
-
r
ea
d
y
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es.
T
h
e
k
e
y
j
u
s
ti
f
icatio
n
s
f
o
r
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
cl
u
d
e:
A
li
g
n
m
en
t
w
it
h
OM
G
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
:
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
B
P
MN
an
d
UM
L
e
n
s
u
r
es
co
m
p
atib
ili
t
y
w
i
th
w
id
el
y
ac
ce
p
ted
m
o
d
eli
n
g
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
.
Au
to
m
a
tio
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
s
is
ten
c
y
:
QVT
en
ab
les
au
to
m
ated
,
r
u
le
-
b
ased
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
s
,
m
i
n
i
m
izi
n
g
h
u
m
an
er
r
o
r
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
i
s
te
n
c
y
.
R
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
in
ter
m
ed
iar
y
s
tep
s
:
u
n
li
k
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
u
ltip
l
e
in
ter
m
ed
iate
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
,
UM
L
ac
tiv
it
y
d
iag
r
a
m
s
)
,
o
u
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
d
ir
ec
tly
m
ap
s
B
P
MN
ele
m
e
n
t
s
to
UM
L
cla
s
s
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es.
P
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
:
th
e
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
is
te
s
ted
u
s
i
n
g
r
ea
l
-
w
o
r
ld
E
DM
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
it
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
i
n
a
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Ou
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
MD
A
m
o
d
els
3
.
2
.
T
ra
ns
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
r
ules
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
u
les
d
ef
i
n
e
h
o
w
ele
m
e
n
ts
i
n
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
elem
e
n
t
s
in
UM
L
class
d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
T
ab
le
1
o
u
tlin
es
t
h
ese
r
u
les,
s
p
ec
i
f
y
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
m
ap
p
i
n
g
B
P
MN
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
(
e.
g
.
,
task
s
,
p
o
o
ls
,
an
d
s
eq
u
en
ce
f
lo
w
s
)
to
th
eir
UM
L
eq
u
i
v
alen
ts
(
e.
g
.
,
clas
s
es,
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
an
d
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
)
.
Fo
r
in
s
ta
n
ce
:
P
o
o
ls
in
B
P
MN
ar
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
in
to
UM
L
cla
s
s
es.
L
a
n
es b
ec
o
m
e
s
u
b
clas
s
es to
r
ep
r
esen
t o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
al
h
ier
ar
ch
ies.
T
ask
s
m
a
y
tr
an
s
late
i
n
to
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
r
class
es b
ased
o
n
th
eir
r
o
le
an
d
p
o
s
itio
n
.
Seq
u
en
ce
a
n
d
m
e
s
s
a
g
e
f
lo
w
s
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
UM
L
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
o
r
g
e
n
er
aliza
tio
n
s
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
t
h
e
y
d
ep
ict.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
u
les
f
o
r
th
e
t
w
o
m
o
d
els
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
mat
i
o
n
r
u
l
e
s
S
o
u
r
c
e
mo
d
e
l
e
l
e
me
n
t
T
a
r
g
e
t
mo
d
e
l
e
l
e
me
n
t
P
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
n
t
(
p
o
o
l
)
t
o
c
l
a
ss
P
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
n
t
(
p
o
o
l
)
C
l
a
ss
L
a
n
e
t
o
c
l
a
ss
L
a
n
e
C
l
a
ss
T
a
sk
“a
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
”
t
o
c
l
a
ss o
r
me
t
h
o
d
“
w
i
t
h
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
”
T
a
sk
“a
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
”
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
t
a
sk
se
n
d
t
a
s
k
C
l
a
ss
S
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
f
l
o
w
o
r
me
ssag
e
f
l
o
w
t
o
a
sso
c
i
a
t
i
o
n
S
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
f
l
o
w
me
ssag
e
f
l
o
w
A
sso
c
i
a
t
i
o
n
(
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
)
Ex
c
l
u
si
v
e
g
a
t
e
w
a
y
(
O
R
X
O
R
…)
t
o
a
sso
c
i
a
t
i
o
n
Ex
c
l
u
si
v
e
g
a
t
e
w
a
y
A
sso
c
i
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
(
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
u
to
ma
tin
g
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
o
cu
me
n
t m
a
n
a
g
eme
n
t d
esig
n
:
a
mo
d
el
-
d
r
iven
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
…
(
S
o
u
fia
n
e
Ha
kk
o
u
)
219
3
.
3
.
Ca
s
e
s
t
ud
y
T
o
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
o
u
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
w
e
u
s
ed
an
E
D
M
p
r
o
ce
s
s
as
a
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
B
P
M
N
d
iag
r
a
m
(
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
illu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
i
n
te
r
ac
tio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
p
r
i
m
ar
y
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
:
t
h
e
d
o
cu
m
en
t
r
eq
u
ester
an
d
t
h
e
d
o
cu
m
en
t
m
a
n
a
g
er
.
Ke
y
ele
m
en
ts
i
n
cl
u
d
e:
P
o
o
ls
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
(
e.
g
.
,
u
s
er
,
m
ac
h
i
n
e)
.
T
ask
s
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
ac
ti
v
itie
s
(
e.
g
.
,
“
s
ca
n
f
ile,
”
“
r
ec
eiv
e
f
ile
”
,
“
ev
al
u
ate
”
,
a
n
d
“
r
es
u
lt o
f
s
ca
n
”
).
Seq
u
en
c
e
f
lo
w
s
i
n
d
icati
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
io
n
o
f
ta
s
k
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
d
o
cu
m
e
n
t
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ap
p
lie
s
t
h
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
r
u
le
s
to
co
n
v
er
t
t
h
is
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
i
n
to
a
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
,
ca
p
t
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
al
a
n
d
b
eh
av
io
r
al
a
s
p
ec
ts
o
f
t
h
e
E
DM
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
Fig
u
r
e
2
ill
u
s
tr
ates
th
e
B
P
M
N
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
(
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
)
,
d
etailin
g
t
h
e
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
d
o
cu
m
en
t
r
eq
u
ester
s
an
d
d
o
cu
m
e
n
t
m
a
n
ag
er
s
.
T
h
is
d
iag
r
a
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
o
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
tr
a
n
s
it
io
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
E
DM
s
y
s
te
m
.
E
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
s
et
u
p
:
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
i
n
to
UM
L
clas
s
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
f
o
llo
w
s
t
h
e
MD
A
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
s
etu
p
in
cl
u
d
es th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
k
e
y
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
So
f
t
w
ar
e
an
d
t
o
o
ls
:
E
MF:
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
o
d
el
d
ef
in
i
tio
n
an
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
P
ap
y
r
u
s
f
o
r
UM
L
:
a
m
o
d
eli
n
g
to
o
l to
v
is
u
alize
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
E
clip
s
e
QVT
o
:
a
n
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
QVT
lan
g
u
ag
e
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
m
o
d
el
-
to
-
m
o
d
el
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
B
P
MN
2
.
0
ed
ito
r
: f
o
r
d
esig
n
i
n
g
an
d
v
al
id
atin
g
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
am
s
b
e
f
o
r
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
B
P
MN
(
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
)
3
.4
.
I
m
ple
m
e
nta
t
io
n
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
m
p
lo
y
s
t
h
e
QVT
lan
g
u
a
g
e
w
it
h
in
t
h
e
ec
lip
s
e
p
lat
f
o
r
m
.
Step
1
:
i
m
p
o
r
t B
P
MN
an
d
U
ML
m
eta
-
m
o
d
els i
n
to
e
clip
s
e.
Step
2
:
d
ev
elo
p
QVT
co
d
e
f
o
l
lo
w
i
n
g
th
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
u
le
s
.
Step
3
:
e
x
ec
u
te
t
h
e
QVT
s
cr
ip
t to
g
en
er
ate
a
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
illu
s
tr
ates
a
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
th
e
QVT
co
d
e,
s
h
o
w
ca
s
in
g
h
o
w
B
P
MN
ele
m
e
n
t
s
ar
e
m
ap
p
ed
to
UM
L
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
ec
lip
s
e
p
ap
y
r
u
s
p
lu
g
i
n
is
u
s
ed
to
v
is
u
alize
th
e
r
es
u
lti
n
g
U
ML
cla
s
s
d
iag
r
a
m
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
th
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
is
a
w
ell
-
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
UM
L
c
lass
d
iag
r
a
m
co
n
tai
n
i
n
g
:
C
las
s
es a
n
d
m
et
h
o
d
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
B
P
MN
p
o
o
ls
an
d
task
s
.
Ass
o
ciatio
n
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
s
eq
u
en
ce
a
n
d
m
e
s
s
a
g
e
f
lo
w
s
.
T
h
is
au
to
m
ated
p
r
o
ce
s
s
en
s
u
r
es
co
n
s
is
te
n
c
y
,
r
ed
u
ce
s
m
a
n
u
al
er
r
o
r
s
,
an
d
s
er
v
es
as
a
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
g
e
n
er
atin
g
p
lat
f
o
r
m
-
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
m
o
d
el
s
(
P
SMs)
o
r
co
d
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
40
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
25
:
2
1
6
-
2
2
4
220
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
ca
s
e
s
th
e
UM
L
class
d
iag
r
a
m
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
B
P
MN
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
t
h
ig
h
l
ig
h
t
s
th
e
r
el
atio
n
s
h
ip
s
an
d
as
s
o
ciatio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
w
ith
i
n
t
h
e
E
DM
s
y
s
te
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
A
p
ar
t o
f
th
e
QVT
co
d
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
class
d
iag
r
a
m
s
t
r
u
ctu
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
u
to
ma
tin
g
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
o
cu
me
n
t m
a
n
a
g
eme
n
t d
esig
n
:
a
mo
d
el
-
d
r
iven
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
…
(
S
o
u
fia
n
e
Ha
kk
o
u
)
221
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
ll
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
MD
A
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
b
y
a
u
to
m
ati
n
g
th
e
tr
an
s
i
tio
n
f
r
o
m
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
to
UM
L
clas
s
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
.
T
h
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
ad
d
r
ess
ed
a
k
e
y
ch
a
llen
g
e
i
n
alig
n
i
n
g
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
w
it
h
tec
h
n
ical
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
atio
n
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
s
tr
ea
m
li
n
ed
b
r
id
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
n
-
tec
h
n
ical
s
t
a
k
eh
o
ld
er
s
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
ca
p
t
u
r
ed
th
e
s
tr
u
c
t
u
r
al
an
d
b
eh
a
v
io
r
al
ele
m
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
,
s
u
c
h
as:
C
las
s
es d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
p
ar
ticip
a
n
ts
a
n
d
lan
es,
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
k
e
y
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
al
r
o
les.
Me
th
o
d
s
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
ta
s
k
s
,
d
etailin
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
ac
tio
n
s
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
Ass
o
ciatio
n
s
f
o
r
m
ed
f
r
o
m
s
eq
u
en
ce
an
d
m
e
s
s
a
g
e
f
lo
w
s
,
r
ef
l
ec
tin
g
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
an
d
d
ep
en
d
en
cies
b
et
w
ee
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
QVT
p
r
o
v
ed
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ta
l
in
e
n
s
u
r
i
n
g
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
co
n
s
i
s
te
n
c
y
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
B
y
a
d
h
er
in
g
to
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
r
u
le
s
a
n
d
m
eta
-
m
o
d
els,
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
m
in
i
m
ized
m
a
n
u
al
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
er
r
o
r
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
o
n
an
o
n
li
n
e
p
u
r
ch
ase
p
r
o
ce
s
s
illu
s
tr
ated
th
e
f
lex
ib
il
it
y
o
f
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
in
h
an
d
li
n
g
r
ea
l
-
w
o
r
ld
b
u
s
i
n
ess
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
u
tco
m
e
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
s
s
e
v
er
al
b
en
ef
its
:
1.
I
m
p
r
o
v
ed
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
:
b
y
co
n
v
er
ti
n
g
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
in
to
a
m
o
r
e
tec
h
n
ica
l
UM
L
class
d
iag
r
a
m
,
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
s
ter
s
b
etter
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
a
ls
a
n
d
I
T
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
2.
Au
to
m
a
tio
n
:
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
QVT
an
d
e
clip
s
e
eli
m
in
ate
s
r
ed
u
n
d
a
n
t
m
a
n
u
al
w
o
r
k
,
s
a
v
i
n
g
ti
m
e
a
n
d
ef
f
o
r
t.
3.
Scalab
ilit
y
:
t
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
UM
L
class
d
iag
r
a
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
,
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
P
SMs an
d
au
to
m
ated
co
d
e
g
en
er
atio
n
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
s
o
m
e
l
i
m
itatio
n
s
wer
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
w
h
ile
r
o
b
u
s
t,
r
el
ies
o
n
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
An
y
a
m
b
i
g
u
i
ties
o
r
in
co
n
s
is
te
n
cie
s
in
t
h
e
in
it
ial
m
o
d
el
ca
n
p
r
o
p
ag
ate
to
th
e
UM
L
o
u
tp
u
t.
Fu
tu
r
e
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
ts
co
u
ld
ad
d
r
e
s
s
t
h
is
b
y
in
te
g
r
ati
n
g
er
r
o
r
-
c
h
ec
k
in
g
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
o
r
ad
d
itio
n
al
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
u
le
s
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lex
B
P
MN
co
n
s
tr
u
cts.
Ov
er
all,
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
v
alid
ate
t
h
e
f
ea
s
ib
ili
t
y
a
n
d
u
tili
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
p
o
ten
tial to
en
h
a
n
ce
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
iv
e
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
s
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
io
u
s
d
o
m
ai
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
w
er
e
ev
a
lu
ated
f
o
r
co
n
s
is
ten
c
y
w
i
th
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
B
P
MN
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
v
alid
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
w
as a
s
s
ess
ed
u
s
i
n
g
P
ap
y
r
u
s
f
o
r
UM
L
.
T
h
e
co
r
r
ec
tn
ess
o
f
class
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es a
n
d
r
ela
tio
n
s
h
ip
s
w
as
m
a
n
u
al
l
y
v
er
if
ied
b
y
d
o
m
a
in
e
x
p
er
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
d
is
p
lay
s
t
h
e
f
i
n
al
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
,
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
t
h
e
co
m
p
lete
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
B
P
MN
.
T
h
is
d
iag
r
am
s
er
v
es
a
s
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
o
u
tco
m
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
illu
s
tr
atin
g
h
o
w
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
ar
e
tr
an
s
lated
in
to
s
t
r
u
ctu
r
ed
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
m
o
d
els.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Ou
r
r
esu
lt a
s
a
class
d
iag
r
a
m
B
y
f
o
llo
w
in
g
th
is
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
w
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
r
ig
o
r
o
u
s
,
au
to
m
ated
,
an
d
v
alid
ated
p
r
o
c
ess
f
o
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
B
P
MN
b
u
s
in
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
d
els
i
n
to
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
i
v
e
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t a
n
d
b
u
s
in
es
s
-
I
T
alig
n
m
e
n
t
I
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
p
r
io
r
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
th
at
in
v
o
l
v
e
in
ter
m
ed
iate
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
,
u
s
e
ca
s
e
an
d
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
d
iag
r
a
m
s
)
,
o
u
r
d
ir
ec
t
B
P
MN
-
to
-
UM
L
cla
s
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
e
li
m
in
a
tes
u
n
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
s
tep
s
,
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
.
St
u
d
ies
s
u
ch
as
A
d
d
a
m
s
s
ir
i
et
a
l.
[
4
]
a
n
d
R
h
az
a
li
et
a
l.
[
4
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
40
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
25
:
2
1
6
-
2
2
4
222
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
m
u
lti
-
s
tep
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
r
is
k
o
f
m
o
d
el
in
co
n
s
i
s
ten
c
ies.
Ou
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
en
s
u
r
e
s
d
ir
ec
t
m
ap
p
in
g
u
s
i
n
g
w
e
ll
-
d
e
f
in
ed
QVT
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
u
le
s
,
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
m
o
d
el
in
te
g
r
it
y
.
W
h
ile
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
,
s
ev
er
al
ar
ea
s
w
ar
r
a
n
t f
u
r
t
h
er
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
:
E
x
ten
d
i
n
g
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
:
f
u
tu
r
e
w
o
r
k
co
u
ld
f
o
cu
s
o
n
e
x
te
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
to
g
en
er
ate
P
SMs an
d
ex
ec
u
tab
le
co
d
e.
E
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
er
r
o
r
h
an
d
lin
g
:
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
au
to
m
a
ted
v
ali
d
atio
n
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
to
d
etec
t
an
d
co
r
r
ec
t
in
co
n
s
is
te
n
cie
s
in
B
P
MN
m
o
d
els b
ef
o
r
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
A
p
p
l
y
in
g
m
ac
h
i
n
e
lear
n
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
:
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
AI
-
d
r
i
v
en
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
u
les
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
ac
r
o
s
s
d
i
f
f
er
en
t b
u
s
i
n
ess
d
o
m
ai
n
s
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
h
i
g
h
li
g
h
t
s
th
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
MD
A
i
n
d
esig
n
in
g
an
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
en
ter
p
r
is
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
e
m
p
h
as
izin
g
t
h
e
t
r
an
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
c
ess
m
o
d
eli
n
g
to
tech
n
ic
al
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
.
B
y
a
u
to
m
ati
n
g
t
h
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
B
P
MN
d
iag
r
a
m
s
to
UM
L
cla
s
s
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
r
id
g
es
th
e
g
ap
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
n
-
tech
n
ical
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
I
T
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
e
n
s
u
r
es
a
s
ea
m
le
s
s
f
lo
w
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
b
u
t
also
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
i
n
v
e
s
t
m
en
t
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
ti
m
e
s
a
v
i
n
g
s
,
an
d
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
r
o
b
u
s
t,
u
p
-
to
-
d
ate
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
QVT
h
as
p
r
o
v
en
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
i
n
ac
h
iev
i
n
g
ac
cu
r
at
e
an
d
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
m
o
d
el
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
w
h
ile
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
ef
f
o
r
t
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
m
an
u
al
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
b
en
ef
i
ts
o
f
th
is
m
et
h
o
d
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
,
au
to
m
at
io
n
,
an
d
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
as
ev
id
en
t
i
n
t
h
e
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
an
o
n
lin
e
p
u
r
c
h
ase
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
th
e
a
d
v
an
ce
m
en
t
o
f
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
i
v
en
en
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
(
MD
E
)
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
a
s
tr
ea
m
li
n
ed
,
a
u
to
m
ated
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
B
P
MN
-
to
-
UM
L
cla
s
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
b
e
n
ef
ic
ial
f
o
r
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
lo
o
k
in
g
to
en
h
a
n
ce
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
m
o
d
elin
g
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
w
h
il
e
m
ai
n
tai
n
in
g
b
u
s
i
n
ess
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
id
elit
y
.
Fu
t
u
r
e
r
esear
ch
w
ill
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
ex
ten
d
i
n
g
th
i
s
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
t
o
ac
h
iev
e
f
u
r
th
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
s
w
it
h
in
th
e
MD
A
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
ese
in
clu
d
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
UM
L
clas
s
d
iag
r
a
m
s
to
P
SMs
an
d
u
lti
m
atel
y
g
en
er
ati
n
g
ex
ec
u
tab
le
co
d
e.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
t
h
e
r
ev
er
s
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
as
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
-
d
r
iv
en
m
o
d
er
n
izatio
n
(
A
DM
)
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
,
co
u
ld
b
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
to
co
m
p
ar
e
an
d
ev
alu
ate
v
ar
io
u
s
to
o
ls
an
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
Su
c
h
ad
v
a
n
ce
m
e
n
ts
w
o
u
ld
e
n
h
an
ce
th
e
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
a
n
d
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
f
u
r
t
h
er
en
r
ic
h
i
n
g
it
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
i
n
m
o
d
el
-
d
r
iv
e
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
en
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
.
F
UNDIN
G
I
NF
O
RM
AT
I
O
N
Au
t
h
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
f
u
n
d
i
n
g
i
n
v
o
l
v
ed
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RIB
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
T
h
is
j
o
u
r
n
al
u
s
e
s
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
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o
les
T
ax
o
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o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
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to
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o
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n
ize
in
d
i
v
id
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th
o
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co
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tio
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s
,
r
ed
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t
h
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h
ip
d
is
p
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tes,
an
d
f
ac
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co
lla
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n
.
Na
m
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Aut
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So
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Ha
k
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ai
Yass
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a
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Nad
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:
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p
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M
:
M
e
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So
:
So
f
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w
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Va
:
Va
l
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t
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Fo
:
Fo
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I
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I
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v
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est.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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223
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
Data
av
ailab
ilit
y
i
s
n
o
t
ap
p
licab
le
to
th
is
p
ap
er
as
n
o
n
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w
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ata
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e
cr
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ted
o
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y
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d
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
H
.
M
.
A
c
h
r
a
f
,
E.
R
e
d
o
u
a
n
e
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a
n
d
L
.
El
M
a
z
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u
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N
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d
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r
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Y
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sse
r
,
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T
r
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p
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t
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,
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n
d
o
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e
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a
n
J
o
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El
e
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c
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e
(
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J
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)
,
v
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p
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p
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2
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v
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4
.
[
3
]
Y
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R
h
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i
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Y
.
H
a
d
i
,
a
n
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A
.
M
o
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i
,
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n
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C
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M
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o
P
I
M
t
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sf
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f
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a
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a
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r
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,
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i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
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s
o
f
t
h
e
4
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h
I
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.
[
4
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N
.
B
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A
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2
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1
0
.
[
5
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O
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M
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k
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R
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p
p
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1
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9
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2
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0
9
.
[
6
]
N
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D
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[
7
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C
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[
8
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[
9
]
O
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0
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1
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2
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c
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:
N
o
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1
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[1
3
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4
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[
15
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[1
6
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[
17
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[
1
9
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J.
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a
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