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ffe
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ts
th
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q
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a
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ty
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t
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of
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tere
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ti
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-
b
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ial
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e
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rk
s
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BS
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a
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/ch
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l
re
li
e
s
on
tw
o
p
rim
a
r
y
a
p
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s:
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im
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tru
st
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ti
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(S
T
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w
h
ich
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ti
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e
s
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se
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ra
ti
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g
s,
a
n
d
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tru
st
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h
e
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k
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(S
T
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w
h
ich
f
o
c
u
se
s
on
c
h
e
c
k
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in
s
d
a
ta.
Bo
t
h
a
p
p
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c
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s
e
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lo
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h
a
n
c
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t
h
e
ir
sim
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a
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m
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tri
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e
s
b
e
tw
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e
n
u
se
rs.
An
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
of
th
e
P
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m
o
d
e
l
u
sin
g
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e
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r
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ss
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s
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th
e
r
v
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rian
ts
in
term
s
of
P
RECIS
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N
a
n
d
RECA
LL
,
w
h
il
e
th
e
S
T
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a
p
p
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a
c
h
d
e
m
o
n
stra
tes
su
p
e
rio
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p
e
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e
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ter
m
s
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E.
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u
rth
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o
re
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h
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e
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st
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g
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in
th
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e
l
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re
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se
s
th
e
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e
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sity
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il
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rit
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tri
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e
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it
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o
e
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t
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siste
n
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e
n
h
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ra
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ter.
On
ly
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J
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a
n
d
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o
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h
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a
p
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ro
a
c
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s
sh
o
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sig
n
if
ic
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n
t
imp
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
of
th
is
p
a
ra
m
e
ter.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
C
o
llab
o
r
ativ
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f
i
lter
in
g
I
m
p
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tr
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t
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ased
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et
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est
P
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p
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m
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p
ar
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rticle
u
n
d
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th
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CC
BY
-
SA
li
c
e
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se
.
C
o
r
r
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s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Sar
a
Me
d
j
r
o
u
d
Me
ch
an
ics
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d
E
n
er
g
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L
ab
o
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ato
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s
s
ib
a
B
en
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o
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n
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l
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.
m
ed
j
r
o
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d
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u
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.
d
z
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
L
o
ca
tio
n
-
b
ased
s
o
cial
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
(
L
B
SNs
)
ar
e
b
ec
o
m
in
g
m
o
r
e
an
d
m
o
r
e
i
m
p
o
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ta
n
t
in
v
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o
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s
f
ield
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
S
m
ar
t
T
o
u
r
is
m
[
1
]
,
as
th
e
y
ca
n
s
h
ap
e
u
s
er
s
'
d
ec
is
io
n
s
an
d
b
eh
a
v
io
r
s
by
p
r
o
v
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in
g
p
er
s
o
n
a
lized
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
[
2
]
.
T
h
ese
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
h
o
tels
,
re
s
tau
r
an
ts
,
h
i
s
to
r
ical
m
o
n
u
m
en
ts
…
ar
e
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
li
k
e
u
s
er
r
atin
g
s
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
w
it
h
p
o
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ts
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i
n
ter
est
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alr
ea
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y
a
v
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le
in
t
h
e
L
B
SNs
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
i
m
p
l
icit
tr
u
s
t
th
at
can
s
p
r
ea
d
am
o
n
g
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s
er
s
is
a
m
aj
o
r
f
ac
to
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in
th
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q
u
alit
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an
d
r
elev
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ce
of
th
ese
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ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
.
T
h
is
tr
u
s
t,
alt
h
o
u
g
h
n
o
t
ex
p
lici
tl
y
s
tated
,
can
be
in
f
er
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ed
f
r
o
m
s
h
ar
ed
b
eh
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io
r
s
an
d
th
e
d
ata
co
llected
on
L
B
S
Ns.
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o
llab
o
r
ativ
e
f
ilter
in
g
(
C
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h
as
p
r
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v
en
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
f
o
r
i
m
p
le
m
en
tin
g
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
(
RS
s)
,
b
u
t
its
s
u
cc
es
s
lar
g
el
y
d
ep
en
d
s
on
its
ab
ilit
y
to
ac
cu
r
atel
y
id
en
ti
f
y
s
i
m
ilar
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
d
u
e
to
th
e
s
p
ar
s
it
y
of
d
ata
in
th
e
u
s
er
-
ite
m
m
atr
i
x
,
it
is
o
f
te
n
ch
alle
n
g
i
n
g
to
id
en
tify
th
e
s
e
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
s
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
th
e
ca
s
e
of
a
n
e
w
u
s
er
or
a
n
ew
ite
m
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
ld
s
tar
t
of
th
e
R
S.
To
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
ese
l
i
m
itat
io
n
s
,
e
x
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
-
b
ased
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
(
T
R
S)
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
.
E
x
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
is
g
at
h
er
ed
d
ir
ec
tl
y
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
s
,
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
a
"
tr
u
s
t
s
tate
m
e
n
t
n
et
w
o
r
k
"
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
i
s
i
m
p
o
s
es
an
ex
tr
a
b
u
r
d
en
on
u
s
er
s
,
as
th
e
y
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ex
p
licitl
y
ex
p
r
es
s
th
e
ir
tr
u
s
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in
o
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s
.
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m
p
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u
s
t
d
ed
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ce
d
f
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m
u
s
er
b
eh
av
io
r
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ap
p
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r
s
to
be
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p
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s
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an
al
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s
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s
of
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lu
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J
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C
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p
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SS
N:
2502
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4752
I
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t
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ee
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u
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s
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x
is
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g
liter
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r
e
in
d
icate
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th
at
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ec
o
m
m
e
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CF
-
b
ased
s
y
s
te
m
s
in
ter
m
s
of
ac
cu
r
ac
y
[
3
]
–
[
5
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
e
r,
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
r
ea
s
o
n
s
,
it
is
m
o
r
e
ch
alle
n
g
i
n
g
to
o
b
tain
d
ir
ec
t
t
r
u
s
t
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elatio
n
s
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ip
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
i
m
p
licit
tr
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s
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
i
n
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
p
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
s
e
v
er
al
i
m
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
f
il
ter
in
g
tec
h
n
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u
es
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b
ec
o
m
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m
o
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e
p
r
o
m
i
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t
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e,
as
th
e
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f
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ed
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ctio
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u
s
t
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b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
b
ased
on
th
eir
item
r
atin
g
d
ata
[
6
]
–
[
8
]
.
To
en
h
an
c
e
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
of
P
OI
RS
s,
r
esear
ch
er
s
co
n
ce
n
tr
ate
on
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
lo
ca
tio
n
of
P
OI
s
an
d
th
e
tr
u
s
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
a
m
o
n
g
u
s
er
s
w
i
th
i
n
L
B
SNs
[
9
]
.
T
h
ese
ele
m
en
ts
as
s
is
t
u
s
er
s
in
d
is
co
v
er
in
g
lo
ca
tio
n
s
t
h
at
ali
g
n
w
it
h
t
h
eir
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
in
r
ea
l
-
t
i
m
e,
b
ased
on
th
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
of
tr
aj
ec
to
r
ies
an
d
th
e
s
h
ar
in
g
of
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
f
r
o
m
t
h
eir
p
r
ev
io
u
s
v
i
s
it
s
.
R
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
ca
lc
u
late
tr
u
s
t
s
co
r
es
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
b
ased
on
th
eir
r
atin
g
s
of
P
OI
s
[
1
0
]
,
t
h
eir
f
r
ien
d
s
h
ip
s
[
1
1
]
–
[
1
3
]
,
th
eir
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
[
1
4
]
–
[
1
6
]
,
an
d
th
eir
r
ev
ie
w
s
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
ai
m
of
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
i
s
to
in
v
esti
g
a
te
h
o
w
i
m
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
[
1
8
]
af
f
ec
ts
t
h
e
q
u
ali
t
y
of
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
in
a
L
B
SN
an
d
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
h
o
w
t
h
is
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
can
h
elp
ad
d
r
ess
is
s
u
es
r
elate
d
to
d
at
a
s
p
ar
s
it
y
.
To
ad
d
r
ess
th
is
q
u
e
s
tio
n
,
t
h
is
p
ap
er
in
v
est
ig
ate
s
m
et
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
in
f
er
r
in
g
i
m
p
lici
t
tr
u
s
t
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
s
'
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
w
i
th
P
OI
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
eir
r
ati
n
g
s
a
n
d
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
ap
p
lies
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
[
1
9
]
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
d
en
s
it
y
of
tr
u
s
t
m
a
tr
ices.
T
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
can
ad
d
r
ess
t
h
e
li
m
itatio
n
s
of
d
ata
s
p
ar
s
it
y
in
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
p
ar
tic
u
lar
l
y
in
ca
s
e
s
wh
er
e
t
w
o
u
s
er
s
do
n
o
t
h
av
e
an
y
co
m
m
o
n
r
ated
(
ch
ec
k
ed
i
n
)
ite
m
s
.
Am
o
n
g
t
h
ese
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
we
h
a
v
e
s
elec
t
ed
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
[
1
0
]
of
im
p
licit
tr
u
s
t,
w
h
ic
h
en
ab
les
t
h
e
in
f
er
en
ce
of
in
d
ir
ec
t
tr
u
s
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
by
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
v
a
r
io
u
s
p
ath
s
t
h
at
ca
n
ex
is
t
w
i
th
i
n
a
tr
u
s
t
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
In
th
is
p
ap
er
,
we
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
a
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
m
o
d
el,
n
a
m
ed
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
of
r
atin
g
/ch
ec
k
-
in
f
o
r
i
m
p
l
icite
t
r
u
s
t
(
P
R
C
T
),
w
h
ich
is
f
o
u
n
d
ed
on
t
w
o
p
r
i
m
ar
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
:
o
n
e
u
ti
lizi
n
g
u
s
er
r
atin
g
s
(
ST
R
)
an
d
th
e
o
th
er
r
el
y
i
n
g
on
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
(
ST
C
)
.
T
h
is
m
o
d
el
s
ee
k
s
to
en
h
a
n
ce
P
OI
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
by
th
ese
t
w
o
t
y
p
es
of
s
i
m
ilar
itie
s
an
d
e
m
p
lo
y
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
to
en
r
ich
th
e
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
ice
s
a
m
o
n
g
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
also
o
u
tlin
es
th
e
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
to
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
t
t
h
ese
co
n
ce
p
ts
a
n
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
ev
alu
a
tio
n
of
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
e
l
b
ased
on
ex
p
er
im
e
n
t
s
co
n
d
u
cted
w
it
h
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset.
In
o
r
d
er
to
c
o
m
p
ar
e
th
is
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
o
th
er
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
u
s
i
n
g
co
m
m
o
n
m
etr
i
cs
s
u
c
h
as
R
MSE
,
P
R
E
C
I
SIO
N,
an
d
R
E
C
AL
L
,
we
e
v
alu
a
ted
its
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ag
ain
s
t
w
o
r
k
s
b
ased
on
tr
u
s
t
(
O'
Do
n
o
v
an
a
n
d
S
m
y
t
h
[
2
0
]
)
an
d
th
o
s
e
b
ased
on
CF
u
s
in
g
P
ea
r
s
o
n
,
J
ac
ca
r
d
,
an
d
C
o
s
in
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
ies.
B
ased
on
o
u
r
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
no
p
r
io
r
w
o
r
k
co
m
b
in
e
s
u
s
er
-
m
e
m
o
r
y
-
b
a
s
ed
CF
w
it
h
tr
u
s
t
i
n
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
p
ast
p
r
ed
ictio
n
c
o
n
s
is
ten
c
y
d
ed
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
ch
ec
k
-
in
d
ata
an
d
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
f
o
r
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
d
er
of
th
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
Secti
o
n
2
d
etails
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
in
clu
d
in
g
h
o
w
tr
u
s
t
is
ca
lcu
lated
an
d
p
r
o
p
ag
ated
.
Sectio
n
3
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el,
d
escr
ib
es
its
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
g
,
an
d
o
u
t
lin
e
s
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
u
s
ed
.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
esen
ts
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
es
u
lts
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
es
t
h
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
u
s
i
n
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
ev
al
u
atio
n
m
etr
ics
(
R
M
SE,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
R
ec
all
),
co
m
p
ar
in
g
P
R
C
T
w
it
h
b
aselin
e
m
o
d
el
s
f
r
o
m
t
he
liter
at
u
r
e.
Fin
all
y
,
s
ec
tio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
,
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ti
n
g
its
co
n
tr
ib
u
ti
o
n
s
an
d
r
elev
an
ce
to
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
r
esear
ch
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
b
eg
i
n
s
by
e
x
p
lai
n
in
g
h
o
w
to
u
til
ize
u
s
er
r
ati
n
g
s
a
n
d
P
OI
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
to
d
ed
u
ce
i
m
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
.
It
t
h
en
d
is
cu
s
s
es
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
th
e
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
c
ip
le
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
d
e
n
s
it
y
of
t
h
e
u
s
er
tr
u
s
t
m
a
tr
ix
.
2
.
1
.
Ca
lcula
t
ing
im
pli
cit
t
ru
s
t
O'
Do
n
o
v
a
n
an
d
S
m
it
h
d
ef
i
n
e
tr
u
s
t
as
t
h
e
e
x
ten
t
to
w
h
ic
h
a
p
ar
tn
er
'
s
p
r
o
f
ile
h
as
p
r
o
v
e
n
r
eliab
le
in
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
ac
cu
r
ate
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
tio
n
s
in
t
h
e
p
as
t.
Fo
r
in
s
ta
n
ce
,
a
p
r
o
f
ile
t
h
at
h
as
co
n
s
i
s
ten
tl
y
p
r
o
v
id
ed
ac
cu
r
ate
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
in
t
h
e
p
ast
w
il
l
be
r
eg
ar
d
ed
as
m
o
r
e
tr
u
s
t
w
o
r
t
h
y
th
a
n
a
p
r
o
f
ile
t
h
at
h
a
s
m
o
s
tl
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
ac
cu
r
ate
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
.
T
h
is
t
y
p
e
of
ev
alu
at
io
n
ca
n
be
ca
lcu
l
ated
u
s
i
n
g
a
(
1
)
p
r
o
v
id
ed
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
No
te
th
at
in
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
,
RC
r
ef
er
s
to
e
it
h
er
a
u
s
er
'
s
c
h
ec
k
-
in
or
a
P
OI
'
s
r
atin
g
.
,
=
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
+
∑
(
,
−
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
)
(
,
)
=
1
∑
(
,
)
=
1
(
1
)
,
:
T
h
e
p
r
e
d
icted
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
)
t
h
at
th
e
ac
t
iv
e
u
s
er
"
a"
a
s
s
i
g
n
s
to
P
OI
"
i".
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
:
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
of
th
e
r
ati
n
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
)
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s
.
,
:
T
h
e
ac
tu
al
r
atin
g
(
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
)
m
ad
e
to
P
OI
"
i
"
by
u
s
er
"
b
"
.
(
,
)
:
T
h
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
"
a
"
an
d
u
s
er
"b
"
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
40
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
25
:
8
14
-
8
28
816
:
T
h
e
s
et
of
u
s
er
a
's
n
e
ig
h
b
o
r
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
p
r
ed
icted
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
)
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
P
OI
"
i"
b
ased
s
o
lel
y
on
u
s
er
"
b
"
,
w
h
o
is
r
eg
a
r
d
ed
as
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
[
2
0
]
,
(
2
)
,
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
(
1
)
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
[
2
2
]
,
,
=
+
(
,
−
)
(
2
)
,
:
T
h
e
p
r
e
d
icted
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
)
f
o
r
u
s
er
"
a"
on
P
OI
"
i
"
b
ased
on
u
s
er
"
b
"
.
:
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
of
th
e
r
ati
n
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
)
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s
.
:
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
of
th
e
r
ati
n
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
)
of
u
s
er
"
b
"
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s
.
,
:
T
h
e
ac
tu
al
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
)
m
ad
e
to
P
OI
"
i"
by
u
s
er
"
b
".
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
O'Do
n
o
v
a
n
an
d
S
m
it
h
,
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
of
a
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
)
f
o
r
u
s
er
"
a
"
on
P
OI
"
i
"
b
ased
on
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
"
b
"
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
"
c
o
r
r
ec
t
"
if
th
e
p
r
ed
icted
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
)
,
is
clo
s
e
to
th
e
ac
tu
al
r
ati
n
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
)
g
i
v
en
by
u
s
er
"
a
"
,
d
en
o
ted
as
,
,
as
in
d
icate
d
in
(
3
)
.
(
,
,
)
⇔
|
,
−
,
|
<
ɛ
(
3
)
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
(
,
,
)
tak
es
t
h
e
v
a
lu
e
«
1
»
if
|
,
−
,
|
<
ɛ
an
d
«
0
»
o
th
er
w
i
s
e.
T
h
en
,
O'
Do
n
o
v
a
n
an
d
S
m
i
th
u
s
e
th
e
(
4
)
to
d
ef
in
e
(
)
as
th
e
co
m
p
lete
s
et
of
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
in
w
h
ic
h
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
"
b
"
h
as
b
ee
n
in
v
o
lv
ed
,
(
)
=
{
(
1
,
1
,
1
,
1
)
,
…
,
(
,
,
,
)
}
(
4
)
,
:
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
of
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
b
f
o
r
th
e
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
)
th
at
u
s
er
j
(
w
h
er
e
j
v
ar
ies
f
r
o
m
1
to
m)
w
ill
g
iv
e
(
m
ak
e)
to
P
OI
k
(
w
h
er
e
k
v
ar
ies
f
r
o
m
1
to
n
)
.
,
:
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
ac
t
u
al
r
atin
g
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
)
f
P
OI
k
(
w
h
er
e
k
v
ar
ies
f
r
o
m
1
to
n)
g
iv
e
n
(
m
ad
e)
by
u
s
er
j
(
w
h
er
e
j
v
ar
ies
f
r
o
m
1
to
m
)
.
Fro
m
(
)
,
th
e
s
u
b
s
et
of
co
r
r
ec
t
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
,
d
en
o
ted
as
(
)
,
is
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
(
5
)
[
2
0
]
.
(
)
=
{
(
,
,
,
)
(
)
∶
(
,
,
,
)
}
(
5
)
Fin
all
y
,
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
of
tr
u
s
t
at
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
-
le
v
el,
d
en
o
ted
as
f
o
r
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
"
b
"
,
can
be
d
ef
in
ed
by
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
of
co
r
r
ec
t
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
o
u
t
of
all
t
h
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ati
o
n
s
in
w
h
ich
th
i
s
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
h
as
p
ar
ticip
ated
,
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
(
6
)
[
2
0
]
.
(
)
=
{
(
)
}
{
(
)
}
(
6
)
B
ased
on
(
6
)
,
a
m
o
r
e
r
ef
in
ed
tr
u
s
t
m
etr
ic
at
t
h
e
ite
m
-
le
v
el
,
d
en
o
ted
as
,
can
be
d
ef
in
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
of
co
r
r
ec
t
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
P
OI
"
i"
o
b
tain
ed
by
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
"b
"
o
u
t
of
all
th
eir
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
,
as
i
n
d
icate
d
in
th
e
(
7
)
[
2
0
]
.
(
,
)
=
{
(
,
,
,
)
∈
(
)
∶
=
}
{
(
,
,
,
)
∈
(
)
∶
=
}
(
7
)
In
(
6
)
can
be
u
s
ed
to
r
e
p
r
esen
t
th
e
r
ep
u
tatio
n
of
a
u
s
er
,
as
it
allo
w
s
f
o
r
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
of
th
e
o
v
er
all
tr
u
s
t
of
a
g
i
v
en
u
s
er
b
ased
on
th
eir
co
m
m
o
n
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
)
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
(
7
)
em
p
h
asize
s
th
e
r
ep
u
tatio
n
of
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
u
s
er
a
m
o
n
g
all
u
s
er
s
b
ased
on
th
eir
co
m
m
o
n
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
f
o
r
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
P
OI
.
In
th
i
s
s
a
m
e
co
n
tex
t,
b
u
t
d
r
a
w
i
n
g
in
s
p
ir
atio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
of
[
8
]
,
th
e
tr
u
s
t
of
a
g
iv
e
n
u
s
er
"
a"
in
an
o
th
er
u
s
er
"
b
"
(
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
)
b
ased
on
th
eir
co
m
m
o
n
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s
can
be
d
ef
in
ed
u
s
i
n
g
(
8
)
[
2
4
]
,
(
→
)
=
{
(
,
,
,
)
∈
(
)
∶
=
}
{
(
,
,
,
)
∈
(
)
∶
=
}
(
8
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
mp
r
o
vin
g
r
ec
o
mme
n
d
a
tio
n
s
w
ith
imp
licit tr
u
s
t p
r
o
p
a
g
a
tio
n
fr
o
m
r
a
tin
g
s
a
n
d
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
(
S
a
r
a
Med
jr
o
u
d
)
817
w
h
er
e
(
→
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
tr
u
s
t
of
u
s
er
"
a"
in
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
"
b
",
ca
lcu
lated
as
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
of
co
r
r
ec
t
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
in
w
h
ic
h
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
"
b
"
p
a
r
t
icip
ated
w
it
h
u
s
er
"
a
"
,
b
ased
on
th
eir
co
m
m
o
n
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s
.
B
ased
on
(
8
)
,
th
e
tr
u
s
t
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
in
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
"
b
"
f
o
r
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
P
OI
"
i
"
,
d
en
o
ted
as
(
→
,
)
,
can
be
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
of
co
r
r
ec
t
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
in
w
h
ic
h
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
"
b
"
p
ar
ticip
ated
w
it
h
u
s
er
"
a
"
,
b
ased
s
o
lel
y
on
th
a
t
P
OI
,
as
in
d
icate
d
in
(
9
)
,
(
→
,
)
=
{
(
,
,
,
)
∈
(
)
∶
=
&
=
}
{
(
,
,
,
)
∈
(
)
∶
=
&
=
}
(
9
)
i
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
,
we
u
s
ed
(
8
)
to
d
ed
u
ce
im
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
b
et
w
e
en
u
s
er
s
b
ased
on
th
eir
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
of
th
e
P
OI
s
.
T
h
is
f
o
r
m
of
tr
u
s
t
s
e
r
v
es
to
ca
lcu
late
t
h
e
p
r
ed
icted
r
atin
g
,
as
d
e
f
i
n
ed
by
(
1
0
)
.
,
=
̅
+
∑
(
,
−
̅
̅
̅
)
∗
(
→
)
=
1
∑
(
→
)
=
1
(1
0
)
,
:
T
he
p
r
e
d
icted
r
atin
g
f
o
r
u
s
er
"
a
"
on
P
OI
"
x
"
.
̅
,
̅
:
T
he
av
er
ag
e
of
th
e
r
ati
n
g
s
of
u
s
er
s
"
a"
an
d
"b
"
f
o
r
all
P
OI
s.
,
:
T
he
ac
tu
al
r
atin
g
g
i
v
e
n
to
POI
"
x
"
by
u
s
er
"
b
"
.
(
→
)
:
T
he
tr
u
s
t
b
ased
on
th
e
r
ati
n
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
to
w
ar
d
s
u
s
er
"
b
"
.
2
.
2
.
I
m
pli
cit
e
t
rus
t
pro
pa
g
a
t
io
n
So
m
eti
m
es
,
th
e
r
ati
n
g
an
d
ch
e
ck
-
in
m
a
tr
ices
m
a
y
co
n
tai
n
s
e
v
er
al
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
w
h
er
e
t
w
o
u
s
e
r
s
h
av
e
no
co
m
m
o
n
P
OI
s
:
th
at
is
,
no
co
-
r
ated
P
OI
s
in
th
e
r
atin
g
m
atr
i
x
an
d
no
s
h
ar
ed
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
in
th
e
ch
ec
k
-
in
m
atr
i
x
.
Sin
ce
th
er
e
ar
e
no
d
ir
ec
t
tr
u
s
t
lin
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
s
co
r
es
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
is
is
s
u
e.
T
h
u
s
,
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
tr
u
s
t
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
it
b
ec
o
m
e
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
p
r
o
p
ag
ate
tr
u
s
t
an
d
estab
lis
h
n
e
w
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
wh
o
do
n
o
t
s
h
ar
e
a
d
ir
ec
t
tr
u
s
t
l
in
k
-
2
2
]
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
if
u
s
er
a
∈
U
(
s
o
u
r
ce
u
s
er
)
tr
u
s
t
s
u
s
er
b
∈
U
(
in
ter
m
ed
iate
u
s
er
)
an
d
u
s
er
b
tr
u
s
ts
u
s
e
r
c
∈
U
(
tar
g
et
u
s
er
)
,
we
ca
n
d
ed
u
ce
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
in
t
h
e
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
ix
t
h
at
u
s
er
a
can
as
s
ig
n
a
tr
u
s
t
s
co
r
e
to
u
s
er
c
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
(
11
),
→
=
∑
(
|
,
|
×
(
→
)
+
|
,
|
×
(
→
)
(
)
∑
(
|
,
|
+
|
,
|
(
)
)
(
1
1
)
→
:
T
he
p
r
o
p
ag
ated
tr
u
s
t
v
al
u
e
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
to
w
ar
d
s
u
s
er
"
c
"
in
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
eir
r
ati
n
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
.
a,
c
∈
U:
T
he
s
et
of
u
s
er
s
.
b
∈
ad
j
(
a)
:
T
he
s
et
of
n
eig
h
b
o
r
in
g
u
s
er
s
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
w
h
o
tr
u
s
t
u
s
er
"
c
".
(
→
)
∈
[
0
,
1
]
:
T
h
e
im
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
v
a
l
u
e
of
u
s
er
"
a
"
to
w
ar
d
s
u
s
er
"
b
"
in
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
ir
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
.
(
→
)
∈
[
0
,
1
]
:
T
h
e
im
p
licit
tr
u
s
t
v
a
l
u
e
of
u
s
er
"
b
"
to
w
ar
d
s
u
s
er
"
c
"
in
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
th
eir
r
atin
g
s
(
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
)
.
|
I
a,
b
|:
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
ite
m
s
t
h
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
ated
or
v
is
ited
by
b
o
th
u
s
er
"
a
"
an
d
u
s
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"
b
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|
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b,
c
|:
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h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
ite
m
s
t
h
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
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ated
or
v
is
ited
by
b
o
th
u
s
er
"
b
"
an
d
u
s
er
"
c
".
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
O
DE
L
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
d
etail
ed
o
v
er
v
ie
w
of
t
h
e
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
by
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
n
a
m
ed
P
R
C
T
,
w
h
ich
is
b
ased
on
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
of
i
m
p
lici
t
tr
u
s
t
i
n
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
P
OI
r
atin
g
s
a
n
d
u
s
er
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
.
T
h
is
m
o
d
el
is
b
ase
d
on
t
w
o
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es:
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
r
ef
er
r
e
d
to
as
s
im
ilar
it
y
tr
u
s
t
r
atin
g
(
ST
R
),
u
tili
ze
s
s
i
m
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it
y
b
a
s
e
d
on
th
e
tr
u
s
t
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
atin
g
s
in
t
h
e
u
s
er
-
P
OI
r
atin
g
m
atr
i
x
(
UP
R
M)
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
d
e
n
o
ted
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
tr
u
s
t
ch
ec
k
-
in
(
ST
C
),
u
tili
ze
s
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
b
ased
on
th
e
tr
u
s
t
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
c
h
ec
k
-
in
m
at
r
ix
,
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
UP
C
M.
T
h
e
n
,
t
h
ese
t
w
o
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
a
llo
w
f
o
r
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
of
th
e
u
s
er
/
u
s
er
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
i
x
,
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
tr
u
s
t
d
er
iv
ati
o
n
m
atr
i
x
(
T
DM
).
T
h
is
m
atr
ix
can
e
m
p
lo
y
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
m
a
tr
ix
d
en
o
ted
as
tr
u
s
t
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
a
tr
ix
(
T
P
M
),
w
h
ich
co
n
tain
s
th
e
p
r
ed
icted
r
atin
g
s
of
th
e
P
OI
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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er
20
25
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8
14
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818
3
.
1
.
T
he
pro
po
s
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a
lg
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h
m
s
Af
ter
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p
lai
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in
g
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o
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lcu
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tr
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et
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ed
to
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DM
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ased
on
th
eir
ch
ec
k
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in
s
a
n
d
r
atin
g
s
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OI
s
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o
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s
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s
m
atr
ix
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m
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tig
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ata
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e
A
l
g
o
r
it
h
m
1
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i
m
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t
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lc
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latio
n
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t
h
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b
s
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tio
n
.
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
1
.
User
-
u
s
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tr
u
s
t c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
R
a
t
i
n
g
B
a
se
d
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
B
a
se
d
I
N
P
U
T:
U
P
R
M
:
U
se
r
-
P
O
I
r
a
t
i
n
g
mat
r
i
x
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N
P
U
T:
U
P
C
M
:
U
se
r
-
P
O
I
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
M
a
t
r
i
x
O
U
T
P
U
T
:
T
D
M
R
:
T
r
u
st
D
e
r
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
R
a
t
i
n
g
R
P
M
R
:
R
a
t
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g
P
r
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d
i
c
t
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o
n
M
a
t
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i
x
b
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se
d
on
R
a
t
i
n
g
O
U
T
P
U
T
:
T
D
M
C
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T
r
u
st
D
e
r
i
v
a
t
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o
n
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
R
P
M
C
:
R
a
t
i
n
g
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
o
n
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
V
a
r
:
P
R
,
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
,
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
e
mp
t
y
l
i
st
s
V
a
r
:
P
C
,
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
,
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
e
mp
t
y
l
i
st
s
1
B
EG
I
N
B
EG
I
N
2
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
b
in
U
P
R
M
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
b
in
U
P
C
M
Do
3
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
U
P
R
M
A
N
D
a
≠
b
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
U
P
C
M
A
N
D
a
≠
b
Do
4
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
P
O
I
i
in
U
P
R
M
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
P
O
I
i
in
U
P
C
M
Do
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
r
a
t
i
n
g
PR
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
u
s
i
n
g
(
2
)
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
c
h
e
c
k
-
in
P
C
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
u
s
i
n
g
(
2
)
5
P
R
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
a
)
+
R
a
t
e
(
b
,
i
)
–
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
b
)
PC
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
me
a
n
C
h
e
c
k
(
a
)
+
C
h
e
c
k
(
b
,
i
)
–
me
a
n
C
h
e
c
k
(
b
)
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
u
si
n
g
(
3
)
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
u
si
n
g
(
3
)
6
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
|
R
a
t
e
(
a
,
i
)
-
P
R
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
|
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
|
C
h
e
c
k
(
a
,
i
)
-
P
C
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
|
7
IF
(
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
<
Ɛ
)
T
H
EN
IF
(
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
=
=
0)
T
H
EN
8
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
1
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
1
9
EL
S
E
EL
S
E
10
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
0
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
0
11
EN
D
IF
EN
D
IF
/
/
t
h
e
se
t
of
u
se
r
b
’s
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
(
4
)
/
/
t
h
e
se
t
of
u
se
r
b
’s
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
(
4
)
12
R
e
c
S
e
t
(
b
)
∑
(
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
,
,
)
)
R
e
c
S
e
t
(
b
)
∑
(
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
,
,
)
)
/
/
t
h
e
se
t
of
u
se
r
b
’s
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
(
5
)
/
/
t
h
e
se
t
of
u
se
r
b
’s
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
(
5
)
13
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
S
e
t
(
b
)
∑
(
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
,
,
)
)
|
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
=
=
1
)
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
S
e
t
(
b
)
∑
(
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
,
,
)
)
|
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
=
=
1
)
14
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
15
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
u
se
r
-
u
se
r
t
r
u
s
t
T
D
M
R
(
a
,
b
)
u
si
n
g
(
8
)
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
u
se
r
-
u
se
r
t
r
u
s
t
T
D
M
C
(
a
,
b
)
u
si
n
g
(
8
)
16
T
D
M
R
(
a
,
b
)
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
S
e
t
(
b
)
/
R
e
c
S
e
t
(
b
);
T
D
M
C
(
a
,
b
)
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
S
e
t
(
b
)
/
R
e
c
S
e
t
(
b
);
17
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
/
/
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
R
a
t
i
n
g
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
o
n
(
R
P
M
R
)
b
a
se
d
on
r
a
t
i
n
g
t
r
u
s
t
(
T
D
M
R
)
u
si
n
g
(
1
0
)
/
/
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
R
a
t
i
n
g
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
o
n
(
RP
M
R
)
b
a
se
d
on
c
h
e
c
k
-
in
t
r
u
s
t
(
T
D
M
C
)
u
si
n
g
(
1
0
)
18
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
U
P
R
M
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
U
P
R
M
Do
19
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
P
O
I
x
in
U
P
R
M
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
P
O
I
x
in
U
P
R
M
Do
20
IF
(
U
P
R
M
(
a
,
x
)
=
=
e
m
p
t
y
)
T
H
EN
IF
(
U
P
R
M
(
a
,
x
)
=
=
e
m
p
t
y
)
T
H
EN
21
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
0
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
0
22
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
0
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
0
23
F
o
r
u
se
r
b
in
U
P
R
M
Do
F
o
r
u
se
r
b
in
U
P
R
M
Do
24
IF
b
≠
a
A
N
D
i
sN
e
i
g
h
b
o
r
(
a
,
b
)
T
H
EN
IF
b
≠
a
A
N
D
i
sN
e
i
g
h
b
o
r
(
a
,
b
)
T
H
EN
//
b
is
a
n
e
i
g
h
b
o
r
of
a
//
b
is
a
n
e
i
g
h
b
o
r
of
a
25
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
+
(
R
a
t
e
(
b
,
x
)
-
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
b
))
*
T
D
M
R
(
a
,
b
)
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
=
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
+
(
R
a
t
e
(
b
,
x
)
-
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
b
))*
T
D
M
C
(
a
,
b
);
26
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
d
e
n
o
m
i
n
a
t
o
r
+
T
D
M
R
(
a
,
b
)
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
=
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
+
T
D
M
C
(
a
,
b
)
27
EN
D
IF
EN
D
IF
28
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
29
IF
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
≠
0
T
H
EN
IF
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
≠
0
T
H
EN
30
RP
M
R
(
a
,
x
)
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
a
)
+
(
n
u
me
r
a
t
o
r
/
d
e
n
o
mi
n
a
t
o
r
)
RP
M
C
(
a
,
x
)
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
a
)
+
nu
m
e
r
a
to
r
d
e
no
m
in
a
to
r
31
EL
S
E
EL
S
E
32
RP
M
R
(
a
,
x
)
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
a
)
RP
M
C
(
a
,
x
)
me
a
n
R
a
t
e
(
a
)
33
EN
D
IF
EN
D
IF
34
EN
D
IF
EN
D
IF
35
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
36
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
37
EN
D
EN
D
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
d
en
o
ted
u
s
er
-
u
s
er
tr
u
s
t
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
(
U
UT
C
)
,
in
teg
r
ates
t
h
e
ST
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
an
d
th
e
ST
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
ca
lcu
late
s
i
m
ilar
it
ies
b
ased
on
r
atin
g
s
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
th
e
UUT
C
alg
o
r
ith
m
ta
k
es
as
in
p
u
t
t
h
e
UP
R
M
of
s
ize
n
×
m
(
w
h
er
e
n
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
m
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
P
OI
s
)
to
c
o
m
p
u
te
th
e
T
DM
b
ased
on
r
atin
g
s
(
T
DM
R
)
of
s
ize
n
×
n
(
w
h
er
e
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
u
s
er
s
)
.
T
h
is
s
a
m
e
A
lg
o
r
it
h
m
2
u
s
e
s
t
h
e
u
s
er
-
P
OI
ch
ec
k
-
in
m
atr
ix
(
UP
C
M)
of
s
ize
n
×
m
(
w
h
er
e
n
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
u
s
er
s
an
d
m
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
P
OI
s
)
as
in
p
u
t
to
co
m
p
u
te
t
h
e
T
DM
b
ased
on
c
h
ec
k
-
i
n
s
(
T
DM
C
)
of
s
ize
n
×
n
.
Af
ter
f
illi
n
g
th
e
t
w
o
d
er
iv
at
io
n
m
a
tr
ices,
T
DM
R
an
d
T
DM
C
,
t
h
is
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
ca
lcu
late
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
atr
ices
of
s
ize
n
×
m
(
w
h
er
e
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
m
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
P
OI
s
)
,
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
mp
r
o
vin
g
r
ec
o
mme
n
d
a
tio
n
s
w
ith
imp
licit tr
u
s
t p
r
o
p
a
g
a
tio
n
fr
o
m
r
a
tin
g
s
a
n
d
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
(
S
a
r
a
Med
jr
o
u
d
)
819
r
atin
g
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
atr
ix
b
ased
on
r
ati
n
g
s
(
R
P
M
R
)
an
d
r
ati
n
g
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
atr
i
x
b
ased
on
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
(
R
P
MC
),
as
in
d
icate
d
in
Alg
o
r
it
h
m
1
ab
o
v
e
.
To
m
iti
g
ate
co
ld
s
tar
t
is
s
u
e
s
an
d
d
ata
s
p
ar
s
it
y
,
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
can
u
ti
lize
t
h
e
u
s
er
-
u
s
er
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
(
UUT
P
)
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
T
DM
R
an
d
T
DM
C
m
atr
ice
s
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
.
T
h
is
alg
o
r
it
h
m
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
t
h
e
d
en
s
it
y
of
T
DM
R
an
d
T
DM
C
m
atr
ices
by
le
v
er
ag
in
g
in
d
ir
ec
t
tr
u
s
t
lin
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
to
o
b
tain
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
ated
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
ix
b
ased
on
r
atin
g
s
(
P
T
MR
)
m
a
tr
ix
of
s
ize
n
×
n
(
w
h
er
e
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
u
s
er
s
)
an
d
p
r
o
p
ag
ated
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
i
x
b
ased
on
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
(
P
T
MC
)
m
atr
i
x
of
s
ize
n
×
n
(
w
h
er
e
n
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
u
s
er
s
)
,
as
in
d
icate
d
in
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
2
.
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
2
.
User
-
User
T
r
u
s
t
P
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
R
a
t
i
n
g
B
a
se
d
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
B
a
se
d
I
N
P
U
T
T
D
M
R
:
T
r
u
st
D
e
r
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
R
a
t
i
n
g
T
D
M
C
:
T
r
u
st
D
e
r
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
O
U
T
P
U
T
P
T
M
R
:
P
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
e
d
T
r
u
st
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
R
a
t
i
n
g
P
T
M
C
:
P
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
e
d
T
r
u
st
M
a
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
on
C
h
e
c
k
-
in
B
EG
I
N
/
/
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
u
se
r
-
u
se
r
t
r
u
st
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
o
n
e
i
n
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
t
e
u
se
r
u
s
i
n
g
(
1
1
)
2
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
T
D
M
R
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
T
D
M
C
Do
3
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
c
in
T
D
M
R
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
c
in
T
D
M
C
Do
4
IF
(
T
D
M
R
(
a
,
c
)
=
=
e
mp
t
y
)
T
H
EN
IF
(
T
D
M
C
(
a
,
c
)
=
=
e
mp
t
y
)
T
H
EN
/
/
S
e
a
r
c
h
f
o
r
a
l
l
p
o
ssi
b
l
e
i
n
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
t
e
u
se
r
s
b
5
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
b
in
T
D
M
R
Do
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
b
in
T
D
M
C
Do
6
IF
(
T
D
M
R
(
a
,
b
)
A
N
D
T
D
M
R
(
b
,
c
))
T
H
EN
IF
(
T
D
M
C
(
a
,
b
)
A
N
D
T
D
M
C
(
b
,
c
))
T
H
EN
7
(
,
)
(
(
,
)
∗
(
,
)
+
(
,
)
∗
(
,
)
)
/
(
(
,
)
+
(
,
)
)
(
,
)
(
ℎ
(
,
)
∗
(
,
)
+
ℎ
(
,
)
∗
(
,
)
)
/
(
ℎ
(
,
)
+
ℎ
(
,
)
)
8
EN
D
IF
EN
D
IF
9
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
/
/
I
f
t
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
i
n
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
t
e
u
s
e
r
s
b
,
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
g
g
r
e
g
a
t
i
o
n
10
IF
(
l
e
n
g
t
h
(
P
T
M
R
(
a
,
c
)
)
>
1)
T
H
EN
IF
(
l
e
n
g
t
h
(
P
T
M
C
(
a
,
c
)
)
>
1)
T
H
EN
11
P
T
M
R
(
a
,
c
)
me
a
n
(
P
T
M
R
(
a
,
c
)
)
P
T
M
C
(
a
,
c
)
me
a
n
(
P
T
M
C
(a
,
c
)
)
12
EN
D
IF
EN
D
IF
13
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
14
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
F
O
R
EN
D
3
.
2
.
F
un
ct
io
nin
g
of
t
he
P
RCT
m
o
del
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates
h
o
w
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
w
o
r
k
s
,
w
h
ic
h
is
b
ased
on
f
o
u
r
m
ai
n
s
tep
s
,
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
,
a.
Af
ter
f
i
lter
in
g
th
e
re
v
iew
.
j
s
f
ile
f
r
o
m
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset
to
ex
tr
ac
t
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
r
atin
g
s
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
t
h
e
UUT
C
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
lc
u
late
s
th
e
tr
u
s
t
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
(
1
)
r
atin
g
s
,
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
ST
R
,
an
d
(
2
)
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
i
n
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
,
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
ST
C
.
b.
T
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
can
ig
n
o
r
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
an
d
p
r
o
ce
e
d
d
i
r
ec
tly
to
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
w
ith
o
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
U
UT
P
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
c.
T
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
can
ad
o
p
t
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
(
tw
o
h
o
p
s
)
to
f
u
r
th
er
en
r
ich
t
h
e
co
n
ten
t
of
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
m
atr
ice
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
ese
m
a
tr
ices
ar
e
ca
lcu
la
ted
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
UUT
P
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
d.
C
alcu
late
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
b
ased
on
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
m
atr
ice
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
cip
le.
Fig
u
r
e
1.
Fu
n
c
tio
n
al
d
escr
ip
ti
o
n
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
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m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
40
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
25
:
8
14
-
8
28
820
3
.
3
.
E
v
a
lua
t
i
o
n
of
t
he
P
RC
T
m
o
del
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
w
e
ex
p
lain
h
o
w
t
o
ev
alu
ate
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
b
y
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
t
h
ese
t
w
o
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
(
ST
R
an
d
ST
C
)
w
i
th
o
t
h
er
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
liter
at
u
r
e
,
s
u
c
h
as
(
1
)
P
ea
r
s
o
n
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
[
2
5
]
,
(
2
)
J
ac
ca
r
d
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
[
2
6
]
,
(
3
)
C
o
s
in
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
[
2
7
]
,
an
d
(
4
)
t
r
u
s
t
-
b
a
s
e
d
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
O
'
Do
n
o
v
an
[
2
0
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2.
Descr
ip
tio
n
of
t
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
r
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
Fig
u
r
e
2
co
n
s
is
ts
of
t
w
o
p
ar
ts
:
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
ar
t
ad
d
r
ess
es
r
atin
g
s
an
d
co
m
p
r
is
es
7
m
ai
n
s
tep
s
(
f
r
o
m
I
.
1
to
I
.
7
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
f
o
cu
s
es
on
t
h
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
of
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
a
n
d
also
in
clu
d
es
7
m
ai
n
s
tep
s
(
f
r
o
m
I
I
.
1
to
I
I
.
7
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
.
E
ac
h
s
tep
of
th
is
m
o
d
el
is
d
escr
ib
ed
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
d
ata
it
m
an
ip
u
late
s
an
d
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
it
e
m
p
lo
y
s
.
T
h
ese
s
tep
s
can
be
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
w
o
c
ateg
o
r
ies
as
f
o
llo
w
s
,
P
ar
t
I:
E
v
alu
atio
n
of
o
u
r
ST
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
ased
on
r
atin
g
s
,
I
.1
.
Fil
ter
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset
to
ex
tr
ac
t
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
r
atin
g
s
m
ad
e
by
u
s
er
s
on
t
h
e
P
OI
s
,
an
d
th
e
n
s
p
lit
t
h
i
s
d
ataset
in
to
t
w
o
p
ar
ts
:
80%
f
o
r
m
o
d
el
tr
ain
i
n
g
a
n
d
20%
f
o
r
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
tes
tin
g
.
I
.
2
.
I
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
p
ar
t
(
8
0
%
of
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset
of
r
atin
g
s
m
ad
e
by
u
s
er
s
on
th
e
P
OI
s
)
as
in
p
u
t
f
o
r
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
ities
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
ST
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
.
3
.
C
alcu
late
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
itie
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
u
s
i
n
g
f
i
v
e
t
y
p
e
s
of
s
i
m
ilar
itie
s
:
(
1
)
S
T
R
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
,
(
2
)
P
ea
r
s
o
n
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
r
ati
n
g
s
,
n
o
ted
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
P
ea
r
s
o
n
r
a
tin
g
(
SP
R
),
(
3
)
J
ac
ca
r
d
s
i
m
il
ar
it
y
f
r
o
m
r
ati
n
g
s
,
n
o
ted
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
J
ac
ca
r
d
r
ati
n
g
(
SJ
R
),
(
4
)
C
o
s
in
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
f
r
o
m
r
ati
n
g
s
,
n
o
ted
s
i
m
il
ar
it
y
C
o
s
i
n
e
r
atin
g
(
SC
R
),
an
d
(
5
)
tr
u
s
t
-
b
ased
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
d
ef
i
n
ed
by
O
'
Do
n
o
v
a
n
f
r
o
m
r
ati
n
g
s
,
n
o
ted
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
O
'
Do
n
o
v
an
r
ati
n
g
(
SOR
).
I
.
4
.
I
g
n
o
r
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
i
n
cip
le.
I
.
5
.
Use
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
(
tw
o
h
o
p
s
)
to
f
u
r
th
er
en
r
i
ch
th
e
co
n
ten
t
of
th
e
s
i
m
i
lar
it
y
m
atr
ices
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
.
I
.
6
.
C
alcu
late
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
20%
of
th
e
d
ataset
r
e
s
er
v
ed
f
o
r
test
in
g
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
m
atr
ice
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
,
o
b
tain
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
ST
R
,
SP
R
,
SJ
R
,
SC
R
,
an
d
SO
R
,
w
h
ic
h
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ate
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
w
it
h
or
w
it
h
o
u
t
h
o
p
s
.
I
.
7
.
E
v
alu
ate
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
c
alcu
lated
in
I
.
6
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
R
MS
E
an
d
P
r
ec
is
io
n
/R
ec
all
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
P
ar
t
II:
E
v
alu
atio
n
of
o
u
r
ST
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
ased
on
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
I
I
.
1
.
Fil
ter
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset
to
ex
tr
ac
t
o
n
l
y
th
e
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
m
ad
e
by
u
s
er
s
at
P
OI
s
,
t
h
en
s
p
lit
th
is
d
atase
t
i
n
to
t
w
o
p
ar
ts
:
80%
f
o
r
m
o
d
el
tr
ai
n
in
g
a
n
d
20%
f
o
r
ex
p
er
i
m
en
ta
l
test
i
n
g
.
I
I
.
2
.
I
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
th
e
tr
ain
i
n
g
p
ar
t
(
8
0
%
of
t
h
e
Ye
lp
d
ataset
of
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
m
ad
e
by
u
s
er
s
on
th
e
P
OI
s
)
as
i
n
p
u
t
f
o
r
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
ities
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
ST
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
I
.
3
.
C
alcu
late
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
i
ties
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
u
s
in
g
f
iv
e
t
y
p
es
of
s
i
m
ilar
itie
s
:
(
1
)
ST
C
s
im
ilar
it
y
,
(
2
)
P
ea
r
s
o
n
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
c
h
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
d
en
o
ted
as
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
P
ea
r
s
o
n
ch
ec
k
-
in
(
SP
C
),
(
3
)
J
ac
c
ar
d
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
f
r
o
m
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
d
en
o
ted
as
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
J
ac
ca
r
d
ch
ec
k
-
in
(
SJ
C
),
(
4
)
C
o
s
in
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
f
r
o
m
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
,
d
en
o
ted
as
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
co
s
i
n
e
ch
ec
k
-
in
(
S
C
C
),
an
d
(
5
)
th
e
tr
u
s
t
-
b
ased
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
d
e
f
i
n
ed
by
O
’
Do
n
o
v
an
,
w
h
ic
h
we
h
a
v
e
ad
ap
ted
to
th
e
co
n
tex
t
of
ch
ec
k
-
in
s
(
s
ee
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
3
)
,
d
en
o
ted
as
s
i
m
ilar
i
t
y
O
’
Do
n
o
v
an
c
h
ec
k
-
in
(
SO
C
).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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mp
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vin
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mme
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d
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s
w
ith
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o
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I
I
.
4
.
I
g
n
o
r
e
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
.
I
I
.
5
.
Use
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
(
t
w
o
h
o
p
s
)
to
f
u
r
t
h
er
en
r
ich
t
h
e
co
n
te
n
t
of
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
m
atr
ice
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
.
I
I
.
6
.
C
alcu
late
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
20%
of
th
e
d
ataset
r
eser
v
ed
f
o
r
test
in
g
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
m
atr
ice
s
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
er
s
,
o
b
tai
n
ed
v
ia
ST
C
,
SP
C
,
SJ
C
,
S
C
C
,
a
n
d
S
OC
,
w
h
ic
h
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ate
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
w
it
h
or
w
i
th
o
u
t
h
o
p
s
.
I
I
.
7
.
E
v
alu
ate
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
c
alcu
lated
in
I
I
.
6
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
R
M
SE
an
d
P
r
ec
is
io
n
/R
ec
all
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
3
.
O’
d
o
n
o
v
an
tr
u
s
t
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
ad
ap
ted
f
o
r
ch
ec
k
-
in
d
ata
IN
PU
T
:
UP
C
M:
U
se
r
-
P
O
I
c
h
e
c
k
-
in
mat
r
i
x
OU
T
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T
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T
P
r
o
f
i
l
e
:
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r
u
st
p
r
o
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i
l
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ma
t
r
i
x
b
a
se
d
o
n
c
h
e
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k
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in
V
a
r
:
P
C
,
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
,
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
e
mp
t
y
l
i
st
s
1
B
E
GIN
2
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
b
in
U
P
C
M
Do
3
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
u
se
r
a
in
U
P
C
M
A
N
D
a
≠
b
Do
4
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
P
O
I
i
in
U
P
C
M
Do
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
c
h
e
c
k
-
in
P
C
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
u
s
i
n
g
(
2
)
5
PC
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
me
a
n
C
h
e
c
k
(
a
)
+
C
h
e
c
k
(
b
,
i
)
–
me
a
n
C
h
e
c
k
(
b
)
/
/
C
o
mp
u
t
e
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
u
si
n
g
(
3
)
6
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
|
C
h
e
c
k
(
a
,
i
)
-
P
C
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
|
7
IF
(
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
=
=
0)
T
H
EN
8
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
1
9
EL
S
E
10
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
0
11
EN
D
IF
/
/
t
h
e
se
t
of
u
se
r
b
’s
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
(
4
)
12
R
e
c
S
e
t
(
b
)
∑
(
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
,
,
)
)
/
/
t
h
e
se
t
of
u
se
r
b
’s
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
(
5
)
13
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
S
e
t
(
b
)
∑
(
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
,
,
)
)
|
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
(
a
,
b
,
i
)
=
=
1
)
14
EN
D
F
O
R
15
EN
D
F
O
R
/
/
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
Pro
f
i
l
e
-
Le
v
e
l
T
ru
st
TPr
o
f
i
l
e
(
a
,
b
)
u
si
n
g
(
6
)
16
T
P
r
o
f
i
l
e
(
a
,
b
)
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
S
e
t
(
b
)
/
R
e
c
S
e
t
(
b
);
17
EN
D
F
O
R
18
E
N
D
To
ca
lcu
late
th
e
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
(
R
MSE
,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
A
n
d
R
ec
all
)
f
o
r
co
m
p
ar
in
g
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
(
S
T
R
an
d
ST
C
)
w
it
h
o
t
h
er
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
(
J
ac
ca
r
d
,
C
o
s
in
e,
P
C
C
,
an
d
O
’
Do
n
o
v
an
)
,
we
u
s
ed
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset
d
escr
ib
ed
in
T
ab
le
1
an
d
a
s
er
ies
of
h
y
p
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
d
ef
in
ed
in
T
ab
le
2.
T
h
is
d
a
taset
co
n
tain
s
u
s
e
r
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
P
OI
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
atin
g
s
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
a
n
d
th
e
s
e
h
y
p
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
co
n
ce
r
n
th
e
s
etti
n
g
s
to
be
ad
o
p
ted
f
o
r
all
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
m
ad
e
in
s
ec
tio
n
4.
To
ass
ess
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el,
we
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
d
escr
ib
ed
d
ataset
an
d
h
y
p
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
(
s
ee
T
ab
le
1
an
d
T
ab
le
2
)
,
u
s
in
g
R
M
SE,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
a
nd
R
ec
all
as
e
v
al
u
atio
n
m
etr
ics.
F
ir
s
t,
R
MSE
w
as
ap
p
lied
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
of
r
atin
g
p
r
ed
i
ctio
n
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
by
th
e
t
w
o
P
R
C
T
v
ar
ian
ts
-
ST
R
an
d
ST
C
-
an
d
to
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
ir
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
it
h
ex
is
tin
g
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
in
th
e
li
ter
atu
r
e.
T
h
en
,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
a
nd
R
ec
all
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
g
ain
d
ee
p
er
in
s
ig
h
t
s
in
to
th
e
q
u
a
lit
y
of
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
g
en
er
ated
by
b
o
th
v
ar
ian
t
s
.
To
co
m
p
u
te
th
e
s
e
m
etr
ic
s
,
we
lo
ad
ed
th
e
Yelp
r
ev
ie
w
d
ataset,
ex
tr
ac
ted
k
e
y
attr
ib
u
tes
(
u
s
er
I
D,
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
I
D,
s
tar
r
ati
n
g
s
,
a
n
d
co
m
m
en
ts
)
,
an
d
f
i
lter
ed
th
e
d
ata
b
ased
on
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
u
s
er
a
n
d
r
atin
g
cr
iter
ia.
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
t
h
e
d
ataset
w
as
s
p
lit
in
to
tr
ain
in
g
an
d
test
s
ets
,
an
d
tr
u
s
t
m
a
tr
ices
w
er
e
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
f
r
o
m
b
o
th
r
atin
g
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
in
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
3
).
T
ab
le
1.
Descr
ip
tio
n
of
d
ata
s
et
Yelp
F
i
e
l
d
V
a
l
u
e
Ex
p
l
a
n
a
t
i
o
n
U
se
r
_
I
D
i
n
t
e
g
e
r
T
h
e
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
r
a
ss
i
g
n
e
d
to
a
g
i
v
e
n
u
se
r
P
O
I
_
I
D
i
n
t
e
g
e
r
T
h
e
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
r
a
ss
i
g
n
e
d
to
a
g
i
v
e
n
P
O
I
R
a
t
i
n
g
_
U
se
r
_
P
O
I
1
.
.
5
T
h
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
g
i
v
e
n
by
a
u
se
r
to
a
P
O
I
C
h
e
c
k
-
i
n
_
U
se
r
_
P
O
I
0
/
1
T
h
e
c
h
e
c
k
-
in
ma
d
e
by
a
u
se
r
on
a
P
O
I
T
ab
le
2.
L
is
t
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
h
y
p
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
H
y
p
e
r
p
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
V
a
l
u
e
Ex
p
l
a
n
a
t
i
o
n
ɛ
0
.
9
T
h
e
t
r
u
st
t
h
r
e
sh
o
l
d
n
h
o
p
2
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
of
h
o
p
s
(
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
)
m
i
n
t
e
r
1
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
of
i
n
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
t
e
u
se
r
s
(
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
)
T
t
r
a
i
n
8
0
%
T
h
e
t
r
a
i
n
s
u
b
se
t
T
t
e
s
t
2
0
%
T
h
e
t
e
st
su
b
se
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
40
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
25
:
8
14
-
8
28
822
Fig
u
r
e
3.
P
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
f
ea
t
u
r
e
s
elec
tio
n
,
an
d
tr
u
s
t
m
a
tr
ix
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
y
elp
r
ev
i
e
w
d
ataset
u
s
i
n
g
r
atin
g
s
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
On
ce
th
e
tr
u
s
t
m
a
tr
ices
ar
e
co
m
p
u
ted
,
we
p
r
o
ce
ed
to
p
r
ed
ict
u
s
er
r
atin
g
s
,
f
o
llo
w
ed
by
an
ev
alu
a
tio
n
of
th
e
r
es
u
lts
u
s
in
g
R
M
SE,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
a
nd
R
ec
a
ll
(
s
ee
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
)
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
a
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
v
ar
ia
n
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
i
s
m
ad
e
u
s
in
g
th
e
Yelp
d
ataset
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
w
o
p
ar
ts
:
8
0
%
f
o
r
tr
ain
in
g
an
d
2
0
%
f
o
r
test
in
g
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
ST
R
,
S
T
C
,
SOR
,
an
d
SOC
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
u
s
e
t
h
i
s
tr
ain
i
n
g
s
et
to
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
t
h
e
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
i
ce
s
o
f
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
an
d
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
r
atin
g
s
o
f
th
e
P
OI
s
i
n
t
h
e
tes
tin
g
s
et.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
is
m
o
d
el
is
e
v
alu
a
ted
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
R
MSE
[
2
8
]
an
d
P
r
ec
is
io
n
[
2
9
]
/R
ec
all
[
3
0
]
m
etr
ics
to
e
s
ti
m
ate
t
h
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
o
f
t
h
e
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
is
th
e
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
P
OI
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
m
o
d
el
s
u
s
i
n
g
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
s
i
m
ilar
itie
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
J
ac
ca
r
d
,
C
o
s
in
e,
a
n
d
P
ea
r
s
o
n
.
Fin
all
y
,
a
s
tu
d
y
o
n
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
o
n
s
p
ar
s
it
y
[
3
1
]
an
d
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
is
co
n
d
u
cted
o
n
th
e
tr
u
s
t
m
atr
ice
s
o
f
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
an
d
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
atr
ices.
.
Fig
u
r
e
4.
R
atin
g
p
r
ed
ictio
n
an
d
ev
alu
atio
n
b
ased
on
tr
u
s
t
m
a
tr
ices
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
mp
r
o
vin
g
r
ec
o
mme
n
d
a
tio
n
s
w
ith
imp
licit tr
u
s
t p
r
o
p
a
g
a
tio
n
fr
o
m
r
a
tin
g
s
a
n
d
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
(
S
a
r
a
Med
jr
o
u
d
)
823
4
.
1
.
Co
m
pa
ri
s
o
n
bet
w
ee
n
t
he
v
a
ria
nts
of
t
he
P
RCT
m
o
d
el
In
th
is
s
u
b
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
ar
ia
n
ts
of
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el,
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
ST
R
/ST
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
w
it
h
or
w
ith
o
u
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
,
an
d
th
e
t
w
o
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
SO
R
an
d
SO
C
.
T
ab
le
3
i
llu
s
tr
ates
th
at
RS
s
b
ased
on
tr
u
s
t
in
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
r
atin
g
s
g
en
er
all
y
ac
h
ie
v
e
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
ter
m
s
of
R
M
SE,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
a
nd
R
ec
all
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
o
s
e
r
ely
in
g
on
tr
u
s
t
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
of
tr
u
s
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
,
w
h
i
le
h
elp
f
u
l
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
s
p
ar
s
i
t
y
is
s
u
e
s
,
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
n
eg
ativ
el
y
i
m
p
ac
t
t
h
e
o
v
er
all
ac
cu
r
ac
y
of
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
.
In
T
ab
le
3,
we
o
b
s
er
v
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
b
ased
on
r
atin
g
s
,
ca
lled
ST
R
,
o
u
tp
e
r
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
ST
C
,
ST
R
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
w
it
h
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
,
an
d
ST
C
w
i
th
o
u
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
in
ter
m
s
of
P
r
ec
is
io
n
a
n
d
R
ec
all.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
it
is
n
o
te
w
o
r
t
h
y
th
at
th
e
ST
C
a
n
d
ST
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
(
w
i
th
or
w
it
h
o
u
t
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
)
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
of
O'
Do
n
o
v
a
n
,
w
h
ic
h
also
u
tili
ze
s
r
ati
n
g
s
an
d
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
,
in
ter
m
s
of
P
r
ec
is
io
n
a
nd
R
ec
all.
T
ab
le
3.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
v
ar
ia
n
ts
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
u
s
i
n
g
A
v
g
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
A
v
g
R
ec
all,
an
d
Av
g
F1
(
Av
g
=
Av
er
ag
e)
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
A
v
g
P
r
e
c
i
si
o
n
A
v
g
R
e
c
a
l
l
A
v
g
F
1
S
c
o
r
e
S
T
R
0
,
9
1
5
4
2
0
,
6
5
3
6
9
0
,
7
6
2
7
3
S
T
C
0
,
9
1
3
3
2
0
,
6
5
0
4
0
0
,
7
5
9
7
6
S
T
R
w
i
t
h
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
0
,
9
1
0
9
8
0
,
6
4
0
9
7
0
,
7
5
2
4
9
S
T
C
w
i
t
h
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
0
,
9
0
8
2
7
0
,
6
3
9
1
3
0
,
7
5
0
2
9
S
O
R
0
,
9
0
8
2
7
0
,
6
3
9
1
3
0
,
7
5
0
2
9
S
O
C
0
,
9
0
8
2
7
0
,
6
3
9
1
3
0
,
7
5
0
2
9
4
.
2
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
w
i
t
h
o
u
t
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
e
l
a
n
d
o
t
h
e
r
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
u
s
e
r
-
u
s
e
r
s
i
m
i
l
a
r
i
t
i
e
s
In
th
is
s
u
b
s
ec
t
io
n
,
we
co
m
p
ar
ed
th
e
ST
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
w
i
th
t
h
e
o
th
er
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
SP
R
,
SC
R
,
SJ
R
,
an
d
SO
R
with
o
u
t
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
t
h
e
p
r
in
c
ip
le
of
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
.
Nex
t,
we
also
co
n
d
u
cted
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
ST
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
e
l
an
d
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
SP
C
,
S
C
C
,
SJ
C
,
a
n
d
SO
C
w
it
h
o
u
t
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
.
Fin
all
y
,
we
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
ese
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
.
4
.
2
.
1
.
Co
m
pa
riso
n
bet
w
ee
n
ST
R
a
nd
t
he
a
pp
ro
a
che
s
SP
R,
SCR,
SJ
R,
a
nd
SO
R
In
T
ab
le
4,
we
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
a
t
t
h
e
SP
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
all
r
atin
g
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
in
ter
m
s
of
R
MSE
an
d
R
ec
all;
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
ST
R
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
of
th
e
P
R
C
T
m
o
d
el
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
be
b
etter
in
ter
m
s
of
P
r
ec
is
io
n
.
T
ab
le
4
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
o
u
r
clai
m
th
a
t
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tr
u
s
t
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
(
ST
R
)
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
-
b
a
s
ed
CF
m
et
h
o
d
in
ter
m
s
of
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
as
ev
id
en
ce
d
by
h
i
g
h
er
P
r
ec
is
i
o
n
a
nd
R
ec
all
v
al
u
es.
T
ab
le
4.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
ST
R
an
d
th
e
SP
R
,
SC
R
,
SJ
R
,
an
d
SOR
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
u
s
i
n
g
A
vg
R
M
SE,
A
vg
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
an
d
A
vg
R
ec
all
Ty
p
e
o
f
S
i
mi
l
a
r
i
t
y
A
v
g
.
R
M
S
E
A
v
g
.
P
r
e
c
i
si
o
n
A
v
g
.
R
e
c
a
l
l
S
T
R
0
,
9
4
4
0
0
,
9
1
5
4
0
,
6
5
3
7
SPR
0
,
8
8
6
6
0
,
9
1
3
1
0
,
6
5
7
7
S
C
R
0
,
9
1
7
0
0
,
9
1
3
3
0
,
6
5
0
4
S
JR
0
,
9
2
3
4
0
,
9
1
1
8
0
,
6
4
8
2
S
O
R
0
,
9
4
2
0
0
,
9
0
8
3
0
,
6
3
9
1
4
.
2
.
2
.
Co
m
pa
riso
n
bet
w
ee
n
ST
C
a
nd
t
he
a
pp
ro
a
che
s
SP
C,
SCC,
SJ
C,
a
nd
SO
C
In
T
ab
le
5,
we
o
b
s
er
v
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
SP
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
all
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
b
ased
on
c
h
ec
k
-
in
s
in
ter
m
s
of
R
MSE
a
n
d
R
ec
all
;
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
SC
C
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
be
b
etter
in
ter
m
s
of
P
r
ec
is
io
n
.
T
a
b
le
5
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
s
th
a
t
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ch
ec
k
-
in
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
(
ST
C
)
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
f
ile
-
le
v
el
m
e
th
o
d
s
in
s
p
ir
ed
by
O’
Do
n
o
v
a
n
in
ter
m
s
of
b
o
th
P
r
ec
is
io
n
a
nd
R
ec
a
ll.
4
.
2
.
3
.
Su
mm
a
ry
of
co
m
pa
ris
o
n
bet
w
ee
n
t
he
P
RCT
m
o
de
l
a
nd
o
t
her
t
y
pes
of
s
i
m
ila
rit
i
es
In
T
ab
le
6,
we
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
at
o
v
er
all,
t
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
b
ased
on
ch
ec
k
-
i
n
s
d
e
m
o
n
s
t
r
ate
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
t
h
an
t
h
o
s
e
b
ased
on
r
atin
g
s
,
in
ter
m
s
of
R
M
SE,
P
r
ec
is
io
n
,
a
nd
R
ec
all.
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