I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
wer
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
S
y
s
t
em
(
I
J
P
E
DS)
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
,
p
p
.
2
2
5
7
~
2
2
7
0
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijp
ed
s
.
v
16
.
i
4
.
p
p
2
2
5
7
-
2
2
7
0
2257
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
p
e
d
s
.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Process
o
r
-
in
-
the
-
l
o
o
p perf
o
rma
nce
v
a
lida
tion o
f
a
t
h
ree
-
pha
se
NPC
three
-
lev
el i
nv
erte
r usi
ng
a n
o
v
el sinuso
ida
l P
WM
techniqu
e f
o
r
sca
la
r control o
f
a
n i
nduction mo
tor
B
a
dr
N’
hil
i
1
,
So
u
ha
il B
a
ra
k
a
t
1
,
Abdelo
ua
hed M
e
s
ba
hi
1
,
M
o
ha
m
ed
K
ha
f
a
lla
h
1
,
Ay
o
u
b No
ua
it
i
2
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
H
i
g
h
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
i
t
y
a
n
d
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
s
(
EN
S
EM
)
,
H
a
ssan
I
I
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
o
f
C
a
s
a
b
l
a
n
c
a
,
C
a
sa
b
l
a
n
c
a
,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
2
La
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y
o
f
S
p
e
c
t
r
o
met
r
y
o
f
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
a
n
d
A
r
c
h
e
o
ma
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
(
LA
S
M
A
R
)
,
M
o
u
l
a
y
I
smai
l
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
,
M
e
k
n
e
s,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ap
r
2
5
,
2
0
2
5
R
ev
is
ed
Oct
3
,
2
0
2
5
Acc
ep
ted
Oct
1
7
,
2
0
2
5
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
re
se
n
ts
th
e
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
a
t
h
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
,
t
h
re
e
-
lev
e
l
n
e
u
tral
p
o
i
n
t
c
lam
p
e
d
in
v
e
rter
d
riv
in
g
a
n
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r
f
o
r
v
a
ria
b
le
-
sp
e
e
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
a
tw
o
-
l
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rter.
Th
e
stu
d
ied
in
v
e
rter
o
p
e
ra
tes
u
sin
g
a
n
o
v
e
l
si
n
u
so
id
a
l
p
u
lse
wi
d
th
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
th
a
t
imp
ro
v
e
s
th
e
q
u
a
li
t
y
o
f
v
o
lt
a
g
e
a
n
d
c
u
rre
n
t
o
u
tp
u
t
si
g
n
a
ls
w
h
il
e
i
n
c
re
a
sin
g
e
fficie
n
c
y
.
M
o
to
r
s
p
e
e
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
is
a
c
h
iev
e
d
u
sin
g
t
h
e
sc
a
lar
c
o
n
tro
l
(V/Hz
)
m
e
th
o
d
.
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
v
a
li
d
a
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
sim
u
latio
n
re
su
l
ts
is
p
e
rfo
rm
e
d
b
y
e
x
e
c
u
ti
n
g
th
e
g
e
n
e
ra
ted
C
c
o
d
e
o
n
th
e
F
2
8
3
7
9
D
DSP
Lau
n
c
h
P
a
d
with
in
t
h
e
M
ATLAB/S
imu
li
n
k
a
n
d
C
o
d
e
C
o
m
p
o
se
r
S
t
u
d
i
o
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t,
a
p
p
ly
i
n
g
th
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
r
-
in
-
t
h
e
-
lo
o
p
(P
IL)
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Mu
ltil
ev
el
in
v
er
ter
Pro
ce
s
s
o
r
in
th
e
lo
o
p
Pu
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
Scalar
co
n
tr
o
l
T
o
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
B
ad
r
N’
h
ili
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Natio
n
al
Hig
h
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
E
lectr
icity
an
d
Me
ch
an
ics
(
E
NSEM
)
Hass
an
I
I
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
C
asab
lan
ca
C
asab
lan
ca
,
Mo
r
o
cc
o
E
m
ail:
b
ad
r
.
n
h
ili@
en
s
em
.
ac
.
m
a
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Mu
ltil
ev
el
in
v
er
ter
s
(
ML
I
)
a
r
e
a
ty
p
e
o
f
DC
-
AC
co
n
v
er
ter
th
at
g
en
er
ates
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
with
m
u
ltip
le
v
o
ltag
e
lev
els.
T
h
ey
h
av
e
a
wid
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
th
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ed
in
b
atter
ies
o
r
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
s
y
s
tem
s
,
s
u
ch
as
s
o
lar
p
a
n
els
an
d
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es.
Ad
v
an
ce
s
in
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ics
an
d
s
em
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
h
a
v
e
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
t
h
ese
elec
tr
ical
s
y
s
tem
s
[
1
]
-
[
5
]
.
No
t
ab
ly
,
m
u
ltil
ev
el
in
v
e
r
ter
s
en
h
an
ce
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
g
en
e
r
ated
s
ig
n
als
an
d
r
e
d
u
c
e
th
e
s
ize
o
f
f
ilter
s
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
witch
es
[
6
]
-
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
v
ar
io
u
s
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
o
f
m
u
ltil
ev
el
in
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
th
e
ca
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
b
r
id
g
e,
th
e
f
ly
in
g
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
FC
)
,
an
d
th
e
n
e
u
tr
al
p
o
in
t c
lam
p
i
n
g
(
NPC
)
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
is
wo
r
k
,
a
n
o
v
el
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
th
at
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
en
h
an
ce
s
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
an
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
v
i
a
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase,
th
r
ee
-
le
v
el
n
e
u
tr
al
p
o
in
t
clam
p
ed
in
v
er
ter
(3
-
P
3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
)
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
v
ar
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
es
an
d
e
x
ce
ls
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
in
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
m
o
to
r
'
s
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
is
th
en
ac
h
iev
e
d
b
y
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
s
ca
lar
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
th
e
r
esu
lts
is
co
n
d
u
cted
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
in
-
th
e
-
lo
o
p
(
PIL
)
tech
n
iq
u
e
with
in
th
e
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
th
e
D
SP
L
au
n
ch
Pad
f
r
o
m
th
e
C
2
0
0
0
™
f
am
ily
o
f
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2257
-
2
2
7
0
2258
2.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
AL
G
O
RI
T
H
M
V
a
r
i
o
u
s
p
u
l
s
e
wi
d
t
h
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
io
n
(
P
W
M
)
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
,
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
a
r
r
i
e
r
s
i
n
u
s
o
i
d
a
l
PW
M
,
s
p
a
ce
v
e
c
t
o
r
PW
M
,
a
n
d
s
el
e
c
ti
v
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
e
l
i
m
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
r
e
w
i
d
el
y
e
m
p
l
o
y
e
d
f
o
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
i
n
g
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
i
n
v
e
r
te
r
s
a
n
d
r
e
g
u
l
a
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
AC
o
u
t
p
u
t
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
e
l
e
ct
r
o
n
i
c
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
s
[
1
8
]
-
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
e
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
es
e
n
a
b
le
t
h
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
ti
o
n
o
f
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
d
s
w
i
tc
h
i
n
g
p
a
t
t
e
r
n
s
t
h
a
t
y
i
e
l
d
a
n
o
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
wa
v
ef
o
r
m
c
l
o
s
e
l
y
a
p
p
r
o
x
i
m
a
t
i
n
g
a
s
i
n
u
s
o
i
d
a
l
s
i
g
n
a
l
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
,
a
n
o
v
e
l
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
io
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
i
s
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
a
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
,
t
h
r
e
e
-
l
e
v
e
l
n
e
u
t
r
a
l
-
p
o
in
t
-
c
l
a
m
p
e
d
(
N
PC
)
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
w
it
h
i
n
a
D
SP
-
b
a
s
e
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
s
i
n
u
s
o
i
d
a
l
PW
M
m
e
t
h
o
d
e
x
t
e
n
d
s
t
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
o
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
l
y
i
n
t
r
o
d
u
c
e
d
b
y
R
a
h
i
m
a
n
d
S
e
l
v
a
r
aj
[
2
4
]
a
n
d
N
’
h
i
l
i
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
5
]
,
b
y
i
n
c
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
i
n
g
a
n
a
d
a
p
t
a
t
i
o
n
t
h
a
t
s
i
m
p
l
i
f
i
es
t
h
e
g
e
n
e
r
at
i
o
n
o
f
g
a
t
i
n
g
s
i
g
n
a
ls
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
s
wi
t
c
h
es
o
f
t
h
e
3
P
–
3
L
N
PC
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
.
T
h
is
a
d
a
p
t
a
t
i
o
n
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
f
a
ci
l
it
a
t
es
e
f
f
i
ci
e
n
t
m
o
d
u
l
a
ti
o
n
i
n
d
e
x
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
b
u
t
a
ls
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
es
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
d
i
s
t
o
r
ti
o
n
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
p
e
r
a
t
e
s
b
y
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
n
g
a
h
i
g
h
-
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
t
r
i
a
n
g
u
l
a
r
c
a
r
r
i
e
r
s
i
g
n
a
l
,
Vc
,
w
i
t
h
t
w
o
l
o
w
-
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
s
i
n
u
s
o
i
d
a
l
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
i
g
n
al
s
,
V
r
e
f
1
a
n
d
V
r
e
f
2
.
T
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
i
g
n
a
l
,
V
r
e
f
2
,
is
p
h
a
s
e
-
a
l
i
g
n
e
d
w
i
t
h
V
r
e
f
1
b
u
t
s
h
i
f
te
d
b
y
a
D
C
o
f
f
s
et
e
q
u
a
l
t
o
t
h
e
a
m
p
l
i
t
u
d
e
o
f
V
c
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
ar
r
ier
(
Vc)
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
(
Vr
ef
1
,
Vr
ef
2
)
s
ig
n
als
g
en
er
ated
f
o
r
th
e
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
PW
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
R
ah
im
an
d
Selv
a
r
aj
[
2
4
]
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
te
ch
n
iq
u
e,
wh
ic
h
was d
ev
elo
p
e
d
f
o
r
a
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
ase
m
u
ltis
tr
in
g
f
iv
e
-
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SP
W
M
m
eth
o
d
d
o
es
n
o
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
r
ec
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
ig
n
a
ls
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tar
ts
with
Vr
ef
1
an
d
p
r
o
ce
ed
s
u
n
til
it
r
ea
c
h
es
z
er
o
,
af
te
r
wh
ich
Vr
ef
2
ass
u
m
es
co
n
tr
o
l
u
n
til
it
ex
ce
ed
s
th
e
ca
r
r
ier
’
s
p
ea
k
am
p
litu
d
e
Vc
(
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
s
ee
Ap
p
en
d
ix
)
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
ea
ch
ar
m
co
n
s
is
ts
of
ap
p
l
y
in
g
to
T
4
(
U,
V,
W
)
th
e
s
am
e
co
n
tr
o
l sig
n
al
as T
1
(
U,
V,
W
)
with
a
p
h
ase
s
h
if
t
b
y
π/2
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
T
3
(
U,
V,
W
)
an
d
T
2
(
U,
V,
W
)
r
ec
eiv
e
th
e
in
v
er
s
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ig
n
als
ap
p
lied
to
T
1
(
U,
V,
W
)
an
d
T
4
(
U,
V,
W
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
as d
ef
in
ed
in
(
1
)
-
(
3
)
.
4
(
,
,
)
=
1
(
,
,
)
+
/
2
(
1
)
3
(
,
,
)
=
1
(
,
,
)
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
2
)
2
(
,
,
)
=
4
(
,
,
)
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
3
)
T
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
d
ex
(
MI
)
in
th
is
ca
s
e
is
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
(
4
)
.
T
h
e
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
Vc
,
a
n
d
th
e
a
m
p
litu
d
e
o
f
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
Vr
ef
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
g
et
a
s
ig
n
al
with
lo
wer
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
co
n
ten
t,
th
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
d
e
x
v
alu
e
m
u
s
t b
e
b
etwe
en
0
.
5
an
d
1
.
MI
=
V
r
ef
Vc
(
4
)
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
des
cr
iptio
n
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
-
P,
3
-
L
in
v
er
t
er
h
as
th
e
NPC
to
p
o
lo
g
y
as
a
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
cir
cu
it
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
is
d
ep
icted
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
er
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
t
h
e
s
witch
es
allo
ws
th
e
in
v
er
ter
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
th
r
ee
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
lev
els:
0
,
+E
/
2
,
an
d
-
E
/2
.
3
.
2
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
o
pera
t
i
o
n
Du
r
in
g
th
e
o
p
e
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
V
AO
b
etwe
en
th
e
ter
m
in
al
A
o
f
th
e
lo
ad
an
d
th
e
n
eu
tr
al
p
o
in
t
O
d
ep
e
n
d
s
o
n
th
e
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
o
r
b
lo
ck
i
n
g
s
tates
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
s
witch
es
T
1
u
,
T
2
u
,
T
3
u
,
an
d
T
4
u
o
f
th
e
ar
m
U.
T
h
e
t
h
r
ee
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
o
f
{T
1
u
,
T
2
u
,
T
3
u
,
T
4
u
}
a
r
e
{1
1
0
0
}
,
{0
1
1
0
}
an
d
{
0
0
1
1
}
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
s
witch
in
g
s
tates
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
s
witch
es
an
d
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
s
y
n
th
esized
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
es a
r
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
d
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
P
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
in
-
th
e
-
lo
o
p
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
va
lid
a
tio
n
o
f
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
N
P
C
…
(
B
a
d
r
N
’
h
ili
)
2259
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ML
I
:
(
a)
s
ch
em
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
-
P 3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
an
d
(
b
)
MA
T
L
AB
/
Simu
lin
k
s
ch
em
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
v
er
ter
as
s
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Op
e
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
-
P 3
-
L
NPC
i
n
v
er
ter
T
ab
le
1
.
Switch
in
g
s
tates a
n
d
t
h
e
s
y
n
th
esized
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
es in
th
e
p
h
ase
leg
A
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
st
a
t
e
s
O
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
T1
U
T2
U
T3
U
T4
U
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
+
E
/
2
O
F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
0
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
-
E/
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2257
-
2
2
7
0
2260
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
s
im
u
latio
n
r
e
s
u
lts
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
an
d
th
e
DSP
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
(
F2
8
3
7
9
D
L
au
n
ch
Pad
)
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
to
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
ter
m
s
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
s
ig
n
al
q
u
ality
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
Simu
lin
k
u
s
in
g
PW
M
g
en
er
ato
r
b
lo
ck
s
to
co
n
tr
o
l
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
two
-
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
,
an
d
b
o
th
t
h
e
m
u
lticar
r
ier
SP
W
M
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
t
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
th
r
ee
-
lev
el
NPC
in
v
er
ter
,
o
p
er
ated
th
r
o
u
g
h
Simu
lin
k
an
d
th
e
DSP ca
r
d
.
As
a
lo
ad
,
a
s
q
u
ir
r
el
-
ca
g
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
t
o
r
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
,
s
in
ce
s
u
ch
m
ac
h
in
es
ar
e
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
v
ar
iab
le
-
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
es
d
u
e
to
th
eir
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
[
2
6
]
.
B
o
th
th
e
3
P
–
2
L
in
v
e
r
ter
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
P
–
3
L
NP
C
in
v
er
ter
ar
e
test
ed
u
n
d
e
r
a
lo
ad
to
r
q
u
e
o
f
5
N.
m
,
with
m
o
to
r
an
d
in
v
e
r
ter
s
o
p
er
atin
g
p
a
r
am
eter
s
g
i
v
en
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
ely
in
T
ab
les
2
an
d
3
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
s
tu
d
y
in
clu
d
es
s
p
ec
tr
al
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t sig
n
als u
s
in
g
M
AT
L
AB
Simu
lin
k
's
f
ast f
o
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
FF
T
)
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
4
.
1
.
F
F
T
Ana
ly
s
is
o
f
t
he
3
-
ph
a
s
e
2
-
lev
el
inv
er
t
er
o
utput
s
ig
na
ls
T
h
e
FF
T
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
ig
n
als
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
two
-
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
d
r
iv
in
g
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
n
d
er
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
s
p
ec
if
ied
i
n
T
ab
le
2
an
d
3
,
r
ev
ea
ls
a
lim
ited
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
p
o
o
r
s
ig
n
al
q
u
ality
,
as
i
n
d
icate
d
b
y
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
HD)
v
a
lu
es
o
f
2
8
.
8
2
%
f
o
r
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
2
7
.
3
1
%
f
o
r
th
e
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
)
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
ac
h
iev
ed
is
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
4
3
3
r
p
m
,
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
t
o
r
q
u
e
r
an
g
es b
etwe
en
4
.
2
an
d
6
.
3
N.
m
.
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
)
.
4
.
2
.
P
er
f
o
rma
nce
o
f
t
he
NP
C
3
-
lev
el
inv
er
t
er
us
ing
t
he
mu
lt
i
-
ca
rr
ier
SPWM
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
3
-
P
3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
an
d
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
n
el
Sin
u
s
o
id
al
PW
M
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e,
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
am
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
(
T
a
b
le
2
an
d
3
)
,
allo
wed
u
s
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ated
s
ig
n
als.
T
h
e
r
es
u
ltin
g
PW
M
s
ig
n
als
f
o
r
th
e
s
witch
co
n
tr
o
l
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
FF
T
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
s
ig
n
als
s
h
o
ws
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
in
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
t
h
e
s
ig
n
a
ls
,
as
in
d
icate
d
b
y
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
t
io
n
r
ates,
less
th
an
2
%
f
o
r
b
o
th
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
th
e
lo
ad
c
u
r
r
en
t
(
Fig
u
r
e
8
)
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
ac
h
iev
e
d
is
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
4
3
5
r
p
m
,
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
an
g
es
b
etwe
en
4
.
7
an
d
5
.
7
N.
m
(
Fig
u
r
e
9
)
.
4
.
3
.
P
er
f
o
rma
nce
o
f
t
he
NP
C
3
-
lev
el
inv
er
t
er
us
ing
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
P
WM
t
ec
hn
iqu
e
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
PW
M
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
a
n
ew
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
Sin
u
s
o
id
al
PW
M,
wh
ich
allo
ws
an
ef
f
icien
t
ad
ap
tatio
n
to
th
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
DSP
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
wh
ile
en
h
an
ci
n
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
s
ig
n
als.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
PW
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
(
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
is
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
s
witch
in
g
p
atter
n
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
)
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
co
n
tr
o
l th
e
3
-
P
3
-
L
,
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
s
am
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
(
T
ab
le
2
an
d
3
)
.
As
in
d
icate
d
b
y
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
r
ates
o
b
ta
in
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
FF
T
an
aly
s
is
,
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t sig
n
als wa
s
en
h
an
ce
d
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
th
e
T
HD
is
less
t
h
an
1
.
1
% f
o
r
b
o
th
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
th
e
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
)
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
ac
h
iev
ed
is
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
4
3
5
r
p
m
,
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
an
g
es
b
etwe
en
4
.
9
6
an
d
5
.
4
3
N.
m
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
)
.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate,
o
n
t
h
e
o
n
e
h
an
d
,
th
at
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
th
r
ee
-
lev
el
NPC
in
v
er
ter
,
in
ter
m
s
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
s
ig
n
al
q
u
ality
,
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
,
a
n
d
to
r
q
u
e
r
ip
p
le,
is
s
u
p
er
io
r
to
t
h
at
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
two
-
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
c
o
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
in
v
er
ter
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
u
r
th
er
en
h
an
ce
s
th
ese
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
etr
ics co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
SP
W
M.
T
ab
le
4
p
r
o
v
id
es a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
.
T
ab
le
4
.
Per
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
o
f
th
e
3
-
P 2
-
L
in
v
er
ter
a
n
d
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
3
-
P 3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
/
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
O
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
TH
D
O
u
t
p
u
t
l
i
n
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
TH
D
To
r
q
u
e
r
i
p
p
l
e
R
o
t
o
r
sp
e
e
d
(
r
p
m)
3
-
P
2
-
L
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
/
S
P
W
M
2
7
.
3
1
%
2
8
.
8
2
%
4
2
%
1
4
3
3
3
-
P
3
-
L
N
P
C
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
/
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
a
r
r
i
e
r
S
P
W
M
1
.
7
8
%
1
.
4
0
%
1
9
.
7
6
%
1
4
3
5
3
-
P
3
-
L
N
P
C
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
/
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
P
W
M
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
0
.
9
6
%
1
.
0
6
%
9
.
4
%
1
4
3
5
T
ab
le
2
.
Par
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
t
o
r
T
ab
le
3
.
I
n
v
er
ter
s
'
o
p
er
atin
g
p
ar
am
eter
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
N
o
mi
n
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
P
n
(
V
A
)
1
5
0
0
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
l
i
n
e
t
o
l
i
n
e
)
V
n
(
V
r
ms)
4
0
0
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
H
z
)
50
S
t
a
t
o
r
r
e
s
i
st
a
n
c
e
R
s (
o
h
m)
a
n
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
L
l
s (H
)
[
5
.
6
3
0
.
0
1
8
]
R
o
t
o
r
r
e
si
s
t
a
n
c
e
R
r
’
(
o
h
m)
a
n
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
L
l
r
’
(
H
)
[
2
.
8
9
0
.
0
1
8
]
M
u
t
u
a
l
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
Lm (H
)
0
.
3
6
7
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
D
C
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
E)
4
6
0
V
C
a
r
r
i
e
r
sw
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
6
k
H
z
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
5
0
H
z
M
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
I
n
d
e
x
0
.
9
5
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
P
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
in
-
th
e
-
lo
o
p
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
va
lid
a
tio
n
o
f
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
N
P
C
…
(
B
a
d
r
N
’
h
ili
)
2261
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Vo
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
o
u
tp
u
t sig
n
als o
f
3
-
P 2
-
L
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
a
n
d
FF
T
a
n
aly
s
is
:
(
a)
l
in
e
v
o
ltag
e
UAB
an
d
(
b
)
c
u
r
r
en
t I
A
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Sp
ee
d
cu
r
v
e
an
d
ele
ctr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
3
-
P 2
-
L
in
v
er
ter
:
(
a)
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
r
p
m
a
n
d
(
b
)
e
lectr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
T
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2257
-
2
2
7
0
2262
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
M
u
lti
-
c
ar
r
ier
SP
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
th
e
3
-
P 3
-
L
N
PC
:
(
a)
ca
r
r
ier
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
als u
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
witch
in
g
p
atter
n
g
e
n
er
atio
n
,
an
d
(
b
)
PW
M
s
witch
in
g
s
ch
em
e
o
f
,
p
h
ase
leg
s
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Vo
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
o
u
tp
u
t sig
n
als o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
3
-
P 3
-
L
lev
el
NPC
in
v
er
ter
a
n
d
FF
T
a
n
aly
s
is
:
(
a)
l
in
e
v
o
ltag
e
UAB
an
d
(
b
)
c
u
r
r
en
t I
A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
P
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
in
-
th
e
-
lo
o
p
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
va
lid
a
tio
n
o
f
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
N
P
C
…
(
B
a
d
r
N
’
h
ili
)
2263
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Sp
ee
d
cu
r
v
e
an
d
ele
ctr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
s
tu
d
ied
3
-
P 3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
:
(
a)
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
r
p
m
an
d
(
b
)
e
lectr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
T
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
PW
M
s
w
itch
in
g
s
ch
em
e
o
f
U
,
V
a
n
d
W
p
h
ase
leg
s
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
Vo
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t o
u
tp
u
t sig
n
als o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
3
-
P 3
-
L
lev
el
NPC
in
v
er
ter
an
d
FF
T
a
n
aly
s
is
:
(
a)
lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
UAB
an
d
(
b
)
c
u
r
r
en
t I
A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2257
-
2
2
7
0
2264
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
Sp
ee
d
cu
r
v
e
an
d
el
ec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
s
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
3
-
P
3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
:
(
a)
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
r
p
m
a
n
d
(
b
)
e
lectr
o
m
ag
n
et
ic
to
r
q
u
e
T
e
4
.
4
.
Sca
la
r
co
ntr
o
l
o
f
t
he
in
du
ct
io
n m
o
t
o
r
a
nd
P
I
L
i
m
pl
em
ent
a
t
io
n
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
a
s
ca
lar
co
n
tr
o
l
is
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
an
d
th
e
3
-
P
3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
m
ain
tai
n
in
g
a
co
n
s
tan
t
(
v
o
ltag
e/
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
)
r
atio
,
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
e
n
o
m
i
n
al
f
l
u
x
,
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
f
u
ll
o
p
er
atin
g
s
p
ee
d
r
a
n
g
e.
I
t
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
o
d
er
ate
p
r
ec
is
io
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
allo
ws
f
o
r
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
h
a
r
d
war
e
in
v
estme
n
t
co
s
ts
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
d
esig
n
e
d
o
n
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
f
o
r
th
e
s
ca
lar
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ct
io
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
Sin
u
s
o
id
a
l
PW
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
an
d
ad
a
p
ted
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
c
o
m
p
atib
ilit
y
with
th
e
F2
8
3
7
9
D
DSP
lau
n
ch
p
ad
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
b
o
a
r
d
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
)
wh
o
s
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
a
r
e
d
is
p
lay
ed
in
T
a
b
le
5
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
th
e
n
v
ali
d
ated
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
in
-
t
h
e
-
lo
o
p
(
PIL
)
tec
h
n
iq
u
e.
T
o
cr
ea
te
th
e
Simu
lin
k
PIL
b
lo
ck
,
a
C
co
d
e,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
s
ca
lar
co
n
tr
o
l
al
g
o
r
ith
m
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
i
q
u
e,
is
g
en
er
ated
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
em
b
ed
d
ed
co
d
e
r
,
th
en
lo
ad
ed
o
n
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
b
o
ar
d
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
,
Simu
lin
k
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
with
th
e
DSP
in
r
ea
l
tim
e,
s
u
ch
th
at
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
s
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
th
e
ac
tu
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
wh
ile
th
e
r
est o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
r
u
n
s
o
n
t
h
e
h
o
s
t c
o
m
p
u
ter
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
s
y
n
th
esized
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
,
u
s
in
g
th
e
FF
T
to
o
l
o
f
Simu
lin
k
,
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
u
n
d
er
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
MI
=
0
.
9
5
with
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
PIL
b
l
o
ck
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ca
lar
c
o
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
i
q
u
e.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
e
d
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ca
lar
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
e
n
h
an
cin
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
w
er
,
wh
er
e
T
HD
r
ates
ar
o
u
n
d
1
%
ar
e
ac
h
ie
v
ed
f
o
r
b
o
th
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
lo
a
d
cu
r
r
en
t,
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
v
a
r
iatio
n
in
m
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
en
ci
es
o
f
3
5
,
5
0
,
an
d
6
5
Hz.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
l
o
ad
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
d
is
p
lay
e
d
as
n
ea
r
l
y
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
cu
r
v
e
cl
o
s
ely
m
atch
es
th
e
s
etp
o
in
t
,
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
a
n
g
e
s
b
etwe
en
4
.
8
a
n
d
5
.
4
N.
m
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
6
)
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
PW
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
i
n
co
m
b
in
atio
n
with
th
e
s
ca
lar
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
h
as
m
ad
e
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
le
v
er
ag
e
th
e
ad
v
an
tag
es
o
f
th
is
m
eth
o
d
in
ter
m
s
o
f
s
im
p
licity
,
ea
s
e
o
f
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
,
an
d
ef
f
icien
cy
wh
ile
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t sig
n
als (
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
e
s
u
lts
in
T
ab
le
6
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
F2
8
3
7
9
D
DSP lau
n
ch
p
ad
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
P
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
in
-
th
e
-
lo
o
p
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
va
lid
a
tio
n
o
f
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
N
P
C
…
(
B
a
d
r
N
’
h
ili
)
2265
T
ab
le
5
.
Par
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
DS
P lau
n
ch
p
a
d
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
M
i
c
r
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
TM
S
3
2
0
F
2
8
3
7
9
D
P
r
o
c
e
ss
o
r
c
o
r
e
D
u
a
l
C
2
8
x
C
P
U
s (
2
0
0
M
H
z
e
a
c
h
)
Co
-
p
r
o
c
e
ss
o
r
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
a
w
a
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
o
r
(
C
LA
)
M
e
m
o
r
y
1
M
B
F
l
a
s
h
,
2
0
4
K
B
R
A
M
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
3
.
3
V
(
I
/
O
)
,
5
V
(
su
p
p
l
y
v
i
a
U
S
B
)
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
PIL
b
lo
c
k
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ca
lar
co
n
tr
o
l g
e
n
er
ati
o
n
:
(
a)
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
tr
o
l
al
g
o
r
ith
m
an
d
(
b
)
g
e
n
er
ated
PIL
b
lo
ck
T
ab
le
6
.
Per
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
3
-
P 3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
u
s
in
g
PIL
b
lo
ck
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ca
lar
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
S
e
t
o
f
m
o
t
o
r
s
p
e
e
d
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
H
z
)
O
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
TH
D
O
u
t
p
u
t
l
i
n
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
TH
D
To
r
q
u
e
r
i
p
p
l
e
R
o
t
o
r
sp
e
e
d
(
r
p
m)
3
5
H
z
0
.
9
6
%
1
.
1
1
%
1
2
%
1
0
2
1
5
0
H
z
0
.
7
5
%
1
.
0
6
%
7%
1
4
3
5
6
5
H
z
0
.
6
6
%
1
.
0
2
%
6
.
8
%
1
8
2
5
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2257
-
2
2
7
0
2266
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
.
FF
T
an
aly
s
is
o
f
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
l
o
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
th
e
3
-
P 3
-
L
NPC
in
v
er
ter
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
alu
es o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
(
F)
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
PIL
b
lo
ck
f
o
r
th
e
s
ca
lar
c
o
n
tr
o
l o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
:
(
a)
F
=
3
5
Hz,
(
b
)
F
=
5
0
Hz,
an
d
(
c)
F
=
6
5
Hz
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.