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imp
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w
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Fed
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Gr
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ter
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f
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icles
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tim
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Su
s
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ab
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tr
an
s
p
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tatio
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Veh
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T
h
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s
a
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p
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c
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ss
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rticle
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d
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CC B
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li
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C
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s
p
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A
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:
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ap
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Saty
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ar
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Mu
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m
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th
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s
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ah
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c
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m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
d
ev
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p
m
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t
o
f
th
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in
te
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et
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f
th
in
g
s
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I
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as
led
to
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em
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n
ce
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in
ter
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f
v
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I
o
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wh
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is
cr
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r
th
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p
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ar
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in
tellig
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s
p
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tatio
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s
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s
tem
s
(
I
T
S).
T
h
e
I
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V
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ac
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b
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r
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R
SUs
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latf
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s
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tr
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m
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f
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.
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h
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s
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v
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[
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o
p
tio
n
f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
I
o
V
s
y
s
tem
s
aim
ed
at
o
p
tim
izin
g
v
eh
ic
le
r
o
u
tin
g
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
an
ad
v
a
n
ce
d
v
eh
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
u
tili
zin
g
FL,
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
ati
n
g
elem
en
ts
lik
e
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
tr
af
f
ic
p
atter
n
s
,
tr
av
el
d
u
r
atio
n
,
an
d
ca
r
b
o
n
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
p
r
o
to
co
l
ad
ju
s
ts
in
r
ea
l
tim
e
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
d
ata
g
ath
er
ed
f
r
o
m
I
o
V
-
e
n
a
b
led
v
eh
icles
an
d
R
SUs
,
p
er
p
etu
ally
r
ef
in
in
g
th
e
r
o
u
tin
g
m
o
d
el
t
o
m
ir
r
o
r
tr
a
f
f
ic
d
y
n
am
ics
an
d
r
o
a
d
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
to
s
u
s
tain
ab
i
lity
,
th
e
FL
-
b
ased
s
tr
ateg
y
tack
les
ch
allen
g
es
r
elate
d
to
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
en
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
,
an
d
th
e
p
r
eser
v
at
io
n
o
f
p
r
iv
ac
y
.
B
y
ass
ig
n
in
g
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
task
s
to
lo
ca
l
d
ev
ices,
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
n
ce
n
tr
al
s
er
v
er
s
is
r
ed
u
c
ed
,
wh
ich
i
n
tu
r
n
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
o
v
er
all
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
r
em
o
v
in
g
th
e
n
ec
ess
ity
to
ce
n
tr
alize
s
en
s
itiv
e
d
ata
b
o
o
s
ts
u
s
er
tr
u
s
t
an
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
wh
ich
is
cr
u
c
ial
f
o
r
th
e
wid
esp
r
ea
d
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
o
f
I
o
V
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
I
o
V
is
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
as a
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t o
f
in
telli
g
en
t tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
b
etwe
en
v
eh
icles
an
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
to
en
h
an
c
e
tr
af
f
ic
s
af
ety
,
r
o
u
tin
g
,
an
d
f
lo
w
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
W
h
ile
tr
ad
itio
n
al
r
o
u
tin
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
h
av
e
en
h
an
ce
d
ef
f
icien
c
y
,
th
er
e
is
a
g
r
o
win
g
e
m
p
h
asi
s
o
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
at
in
teg
r
ate
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
an
d
p
r
iv
ac
y
co
n
cu
r
r
en
tly
.
T
h
e
o
n
g
o
in
g
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
in
th
is
f
iel
d
ca
n
b
e
g
en
er
ally
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
th
r
ee
m
ain
ca
teg
o
r
ies:
r
o
u
tin
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
b
ased
o
n
th
e
I
o
V
,
th
e
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
ce
o
f
FL
in
I
o
T
-
d
r
iv
en
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
,
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
ally
f
r
ien
d
ly
I
o
T
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
[
3
]
,
[
8
]
.
Veh
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
t
h
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
e
x
am
i
n
ed
,
u
tili
zin
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
lik
e
Dijk
s
tr
a’
s
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
a
s
ea
r
ch
an
d
g
en
eti
c
m
eth
o
d
s
to
id
en
tify
r
o
u
tes wh
ile
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t d
is
tan
ce
,
co
n
g
esti
o
n
,
an
d
tr
av
el
tim
e.
I
n
n
o
v
ativ
e
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
es
u
tili
zin
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
tr
af
f
ic
u
p
d
ates
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
.
No
n
eth
eless
,
th
ese
ce
n
tr
alize
d
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
r
eq
u
en
tly
d
em
an
d
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
s
er
v
er
r
eso
u
r
c
es
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
le
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
an
d
wid
th
,
wh
ich
d
im
i
n
is
h
es
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
as
I
o
V
n
etwo
r
k
s
g
r
o
w
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
C
o
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
I
o
V
p
latf
o
r
m
s
u
tili
ze
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
f
r
o
m
v
eh
icles
an
d
R
SUs
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
d
y
n
am
ic
r
o
u
tin
g
,
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tly
lev
er
ag
in
g
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
en
h
an
ce
a
d
ap
tab
ilit
y
,
t
h
ey
ar
e
n
o
t
with
o
u
t
th
eir
li
m
itatio
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
p
r
iv
ac
y
co
n
ce
r
n
s
,
d
ata
b
o
ttle
n
ec
k
s
,
an
d
n
etwo
r
k
co
n
g
esti
o
n
,
wh
ich
im
p
ed
e
th
eir
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
v
iab
ilit
y
in
ex
ten
s
iv
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
[
1
1
]
.
FL
h
as
em
er
g
ed
as
a
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
m
ac
h
i
n
e
lear
n
in
g
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
I
o
T
.
I
n
c
o
n
tr
ast
to
c
en
tr
alize
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
at
r
e
q
u
ir
e
th
e
t
r
an
s
f
er
o
f
r
aw
d
ata,
FL
f
ac
ilit
ates
m
o
d
el
tr
ain
in
g
lo
ca
lly
,
s
h
ar
in
g
o
n
ly
p
ar
am
eter
u
p
d
ates.
T
h
is
m
in
i
m
izes
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
ee
d
s
a
n
d
en
h
an
ce
s
p
r
iv
ac
y
p
r
o
tectio
n
s
[
1
2
]
.
Stu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
FL’
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
I
o
T
an
d
s
m
ar
t
city
co
n
te
x
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
its
ap
p
licatio
n
in
wir
eless
s
en
s
o
r
n
etwo
r
k
s
an
d
co
n
n
ec
ted
a
u
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
v
e
h
icles,
wh
er
e
it
f
ac
ilit
ated
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
lear
n
in
g
with
o
u
t
th
e
n
ee
d
to
c
en
tr
alize
s
en
s
itiv
e
d
ata.
No
n
eth
eless
,
th
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
FL
f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
in
th
e
I
o
V
is
s
ti
ll
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
u
n
d
er
-
r
esear
c
h
ed
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
FL
in
v
eh
ic
u
lar
n
etwo
r
k
s
p
r
esen
ts
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ad
v
an
tag
es,
s
u
ch
as
en
h
an
c
ed
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
im
p
r
o
v
ed
p
r
iv
ac
y
,
an
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
r
esil
ien
ce
.
Dec
en
tr
alize
d
FL
s
y
s
tem
s
en
h
an
ce
ac
cu
r
ac
y
in
r
o
u
te
p
r
ed
ictio
n
an
d
less
en
r
eli
an
ce
o
n
ce
n
tr
alize
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
es b
y
en
ab
lin
g
v
e
h
icles
an
d
R
SUs
to
co
llab
o
r
ati
v
ely
tr
ain
m
o
d
els
wh
ile
k
ee
p
i
n
g
r
aw
d
ata
p
r
i
v
ate.
Pre
lim
in
ar
y
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
in
d
icate
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
in
r
o
u
ti
n
g
ef
f
icien
c
y
v
ia
FL
-
b
ased
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es;
h
o
wev
er
,
ad
d
itio
n
al
r
esear
ch
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
an
d
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
ie
s
o
f
th
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
with
in
g
r
ee
n
I
o
V
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
s
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
th
em
e
o
f
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
h
as
em
er
g
ed
as
a
cr
itical
f
o
c
u
s
in
th
e
r
ea
lm
s
o
f
I
o
T
a
n
d
I
o
V,
wh
er
e
th
e
n
o
tio
n
o
f
“
g
r
ee
n
I
o
T
”
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tall
y
co
n
s
cio
u
s
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
g
r
ee
n
I
o
T
is
to
r
ed
u
ce
ca
r
b
o
n
em
is
s
io
n
s
an
d
en
h
a
n
ce
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icien
cy
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
cu
ttin
g
-
ed
g
e
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
,
s
en
s
in
g
,
a
n
d
a
n
aly
tics
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
I
n
t
r
an
s
p
o
r
tati
o
n
,
th
is
r
esu
lts
in
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
f
u
el
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
r
ed
u
ce
d
em
is
s
io
n
s
,
an
d
less
co
n
g
esti
o
n
[
1
4
]
.
No
n
eth
eless
,
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ec
o
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
I
o
V
s
tr
ateg
ies
co
n
tin
u
e
to
d
e
p
en
d
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
o
n
ce
n
tr
alize
d
ar
ch
itectu
r
es,
p
o
te
n
tially
r
esu
ltin
g
in
h
ig
h
en
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
.
I
n
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
th
is
ch
allen
g
e,
d
ec
e
n
tr
alize
d
d
esig
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
u
g
g
ested
,
in
clu
d
in
g
b
l
o
ck
ch
ain
-
en
ab
le
d
g
r
ee
n
I
o
T
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
th
at
allo
ca
te
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
ac
r
o
s
s
ed
g
e
d
ev
ices,
c
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
lo
we
r
in
g
en
er
g
y
e
x
p
e
n
s
es.
T
h
e
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
FL
in
to
g
r
ee
n
I
o
V
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
r
o
u
tin
g
is
s
till
an
ar
ea
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
f
u
r
th
e
r
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
[
1
5
]
.
I
n
s
u
m
m
ar
y
,
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esear
ch
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es si
g
n
if
ican
t p
r
o
g
r
ess
in
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
v
eh
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
,
I
o
T
ap
p
licatio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
FL
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
I
o
T
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
s
.
No
n
eth
eless
,
th
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
ese
th
r
ee
ar
ea
s
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
FL
t
o
f
ac
il
itate
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
,
an
d
p
r
iv
ac
y
-
p
r
eser
v
in
g
v
eh
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
in
I
o
V
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
e
x
p
lo
r
e
d
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
clo
s
e
th
is
g
ap
b
y
in
tr
o
d
u
cin
g
a
p
r
o
to
co
l f
o
r
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
d
r
iv
e
n
b
y
FL,
wh
ich
tack
les
th
e
in
ter
twin
ed
is
s
u
es
o
f
s
u
s
tain
ab
il
ity
an
d
p
r
iv
ac
y
,
wh
ile
en
h
an
cin
g
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
an
d
ef
f
icien
cy
in
I
o
V
s
ettin
g
s
[
1
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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N:
2252
-
8
9
3
8
I
n
tellig
en
t ro
u
te
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
fo
r
in
tern
et
o
f v
eh
icles
u
s
in
g
fed
era
ted
lea
r
n
in
g
…
(
Desid
i Na
r
s
imh
a
R
ed
d
y
)
5051
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
an
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
FL
–
b
as
ed
v
eh
icle
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
aim
ed
at
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
I
o
V.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
I
o
V,
FL,
an
d
g
r
ee
n
I
o
T
c
o
n
ce
p
ts
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
r
o
v
es r
o
u
tin
g
ef
f
icien
cy
,
lo
we
r
s
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
r
e
d
u
ce
s
ca
r
b
o
n
em
is
s
io
n
s
,
an
d
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
s
u
s
er
p
r
iv
ac
y
.
T
h
e
d
ec
en
tr
aliz
ed
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
r
ea
llo
ca
tes
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
to
ed
g
e
d
ev
ices,
in
clu
d
in
g
v
eh
icles
an
d
R
SUs
,
wh
ich
wo
r
k
to
g
eth
er
to
tr
ain
r
o
u
te
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
m
o
d
els
in
s
tead
o
f
r
ely
in
g
o
n
ce
n
tr
alize
d
d
ata
ce
n
ter
s
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
is
co
n
te
x
t,
v
eh
icles a
n
d
R
SU
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
as a
d
v
an
ce
d
ed
g
e
n
o
d
es.
E
ac
h
g
ath
er
s
lo
ca
lized
d
ata
in
clu
d
in
g
tr
a
f
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
em
is
s
io
n
lev
els,
an
d
v
eh
icle
s
p
ee
d
.
Veh
icles
u
tili
ze
th
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
d
ev
el
o
p
a
n
d
e
n
h
an
ce
lo
ca
l
m
o
d
els,
wh
er
ea
s
R
SU
s
ex
ten
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
v
er
ag
e
an
d
o
f
f
er
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tar
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
p
o
wer
f
o
r
im
m
ed
iate
r
o
u
tin
g
d
ec
is
io
n
s
.
A
ce
n
tr
alize
d
s
er
v
e
r
o
r
c
h
estra
tes
th
e
s
y
s
tem
b
y
co
n
s
o
lid
atin
g
m
o
d
e
l
u
p
d
ates
s
en
t
f
r
o
m
th
ese
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
s
er
v
er
em
p
lo
y
s
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
lik
e
f
ed
e
r
ated
av
er
ag
in
g
to
c
o
n
s
o
lid
ate
th
e
u
p
d
ates
in
to
a
g
l
o
b
al
m
o
d
el,
wh
ich
is
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
r
ed
is
tr
ib
u
ted
to
th
e
e
d
g
e
d
ev
ices.
I
t
is
cr
u
cial
to
n
o
te
t
h
at
r
aw
d
ata
is
n
o
t
tr
an
s
m
itted
;
o
n
ly
m
o
d
el
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
s
h
ar
ed
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
o
f
p
r
iv
ac
y
.
Ve
h
icle
-
to
-
v
eh
icle
(
V2
V)
an
d
v
eh
icle
-
to
-
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
(
V2
I
)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
r
o
to
c
o
ls
f
ac
ilit
ate
ef
f
icien
t
an
d
lo
w
-
laten
cy
ex
ch
an
g
e
o
f
m
o
d
el
u
p
d
ates,
wh
ile
s
ec
u
r
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
lay
er
s
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
an
d
au
th
en
ticatio
n
m
ai
n
tain
th
e
in
teg
r
ity
an
d
co
n
f
i
d
en
tiality
o
f
th
e
s
h
ar
e
d
d
ata
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
FL
s
er
v
es
as
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
,
e
n
ab
lin
g
d
ec
e
n
tr
alize
d
m
o
d
el
tr
ain
in
g
ac
r
o
s
s
m
u
ltip
le
d
ev
ices
wh
ile
elim
in
atin
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
ce
n
tr
alize
d
d
ata
s
to
r
a
g
e.
T
h
is
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
e
f
f
ec
tiv
ely
tack
les
ch
allen
g
es
r
elate
d
to
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
lo
ad
,
an
d
p
r
i
v
ac
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
in
itiates
with
ev
er
y
v
e
h
icle
o
r
R
SU
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
a
lo
ca
lized
m
o
d
el
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
its
g
ath
er
ed
d
at
a,
en
h
an
cin
g
m
etr
ics
lik
e
tr
av
el
d
u
r
atio
n
,
ca
r
b
o
n
o
u
tp
u
t,
an
d
f
u
el
ef
f
icac
y
.
T
h
ese
lo
ca
lized
m
o
d
els
ev
o
lv
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
as
v
e
h
icles
n
av
i
g
ate
v
ar
io
u
s
tr
af
f
ic
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
an
d
r
o
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
R
ath
er
th
an
s
en
d
i
n
g
r
aw
d
at
a,
o
n
ly
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
ar
e
s
h
ar
ed
with
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
er
v
er
,
wh
ich
co
n
s
o
lid
a
tes th
em
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
g
lo
b
al
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
is
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
to
th
e
ed
g
e
d
e
v
ices,
wh
er
e
it
in
teg
r
ates
in
to
lo
ca
l
s
y
s
tem
s
to
en
h
an
ce
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
h
e
cy
cle
co
n
tin
u
es
to
r
ep
ea
t,
allo
win
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
ad
ju
s
t
s
m
o
o
th
ly
to
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
tr
a
f
f
ic
p
atter
n
s
,
r
o
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
,
all
th
e
wh
ile
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
r
o
u
te
ef
f
icien
cy
p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
ely
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
f
u
n
d
am
en
tall
y
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
a
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
iz
atio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
th
at
in
teg
r
ates
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
I
o
V
d
ata
with
FL
t
o
id
en
tif
y
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
an
d
s
u
s
tain
a
b
le
tr
av
el
p
at
h
s
.
Veh
icles
co
l
lect
d
ata
o
n
t
r
af
f
ic
d
en
s
ity
,
s
p
ee
d
,
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
em
is
s
io
n
s
,
wh
er
ea
s
R
SUs
o
f
f
er
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tar
y
c
o
n
t
ex
tu
al
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
in
clu
d
in
g
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
t
h
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
r
o
ad
s
u
r
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
s
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
lo
ca
l
m
o
d
els
th
at
f
o
r
ec
ast
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
tes,
b
alan
cin
g
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
tr
av
el
tim
e
with
th
e
g
o
al
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ta
l
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
cir
cu
m
v
en
ts
co
n
g
ested
r
o
u
tes,
m
in
im
izes
id
le
t
im
e,
an
d
p
in
p
o
i
n
ts
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
alter
n
ativ
es.
As
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ev
o
lv
e
s
u
ch
a
s
an
u
n
f
o
r
eseen
r
is
e
in
c
o
n
g
esti
o
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ad
ap
tiv
ely
r
ec
alib
r
ates
r
o
u
tes
to
en
s
u
r
e
o
p
tim
al
ef
f
icien
c
y
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
v
e
h
icles
ar
e
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
d
ir
ec
ted
alo
n
g
r
o
u
tes
th
at
o
p
tim
ize
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
p
u
n
ct
u
al
tr
av
el.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
FL
cy
cle,
v
e
h
icles
g
ain
a
d
v
an
ta
g
es
f
r
o
m
co
llectiv
e
in
s
ig
h
ts
wi
th
in
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
,
wh
e
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ac
q
u
ir
ed
b
y
o
n
e
d
e
v
ice
en
h
a
n
ce
s
th
e
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
ab
ilit
ies o
f
all
in
v
o
lv
ed
n
o
d
es
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
ad
d
itio
n
ally
in
teg
r
ates
a
m
ec
h
an
is
m
f
o
r
v
e
h
icle
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
p
lace
m
en
t
o
f
a
m
ag
n
etic
s
en
s
o
r
,
wh
ich
is
af
f
ix
ed
to
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
id
e
o
f
t
h
e
v
eh
icle
ch
ass
is
,
p
o
s
itio
n
ed
r
o
u
g
h
ly
2
0
cm
ab
o
v
e
th
e
r
o
ad
s
u
r
f
ac
e.
Up
o
n
th
e
en
tr
y
o
f
v
eh
icles in
to
a
2
8
-
m
et
er
r
ad
iu
s
,
m
ag
n
etic
f
lu
x
v
alu
es
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
a
n
d
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
in
th
e
o
n
b
o
ar
d
4
GB
m
em
o
r
y
o
f
th
e
in
tellig
en
t
v
eh
icle.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
alo
n
g
s
id
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
ly
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
d
atasets
,
f
ac
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atin
g
p
r
ec
is
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
v
eh
icle
ty
p
es.
Fig
u
r
e
2
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
,
in
wh
ich
t
h
e
s
en
s
ed
m
ag
n
itu
d
es
ar
e
ev
alu
ated
ag
ain
s
t
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
a
lu
es
to
d
if
f
er
en
tiate
b
etwe
en
v
eh
icle
ca
teg
o
r
ies
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
v
eh
icle
d
etec
tio
n
with
in
tellig
en
t
r
o
u
tin
g
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
b
o
ls
ter
s
s
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awa
r
en
ess
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im
p
r
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v
es
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ec
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m
ak
in
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,
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ltima
tely
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o
en
h
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ce
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s
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tem
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icien
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a
n
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
in
t
eg
r
ates
g
r
ee
n
I
o
T
p
r
in
cip
les
b
y
o
p
tim
izin
g
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
an
d
m
in
im
izin
g
ca
r
b
o
n
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
.
Key
g
r
ee
n
I
o
T
f
ea
tu
r
es
in
clu
d
e:
FL
r
ed
u
ce
s
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
o
v
er
h
ea
d
b
y
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
m
o
d
el
u
p
d
ates
r
a
th
er
th
an
r
aw
d
ata,
s
av
i
n
g
en
e
r
g
y
in
th
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
o
p
tim
izes
r
o
u
tes
b
ased
o
n
f
u
el
ef
f
icien
cy
,
d
ir
ec
tly
r
ed
u
cin
g
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
an
d
ass
o
ciate
d
en
er
g
y
co
s
ts
.
T
h
e
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
i
th
m
s
elec
ts
p
ath
s
th
at
m
in
im
ize
s
to
p
-
an
d
-
g
o
tr
af
f
ic,
av
o
id
in
g
h
ig
h
e
m
is
s
io
n
zo
n
es
an
d
co
n
g
ested
ar
ea
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
ca
r
b
o
n
em
is
s
io
n
s
.
B
y
ad
o
p
tin
g
ec
o
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
r
o
u
tes,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
o
v
er
all
ca
r
b
o
n
f
o
o
tp
r
in
t
o
f
I
o
V
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
d
ec
e
n
tr
alize
d
FL
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
les
ea
s
ily
ac
r
o
s
s
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
v
eh
icles,
en
s
u
r
in
g
t
h
at
as
m
o
r
e
v
e
h
icles
jo
in
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
em
ain
s
ef
f
icien
t
with
o
u
t
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
ce
n
tr
al
s
er
v
er
'
s
lo
ad
.
R
ea
l
-
tim
e
lear
n
in
g
en
ab
les
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
ad
ap
t
to
ch
an
g
in
g
tr
af
f
ic
p
atter
n
s
,
m
ak
in
g
it
r
esil
ien
t
to
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
in
r
o
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
Priv
ac
y
is
a
cr
itical
co
n
ce
r
n
in
I
o
V
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FL
-
b
ased
ar
c
h
itectu
r
e
en
h
an
ce
s
p
r
iv
ac
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
its
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
d
esig
n
.
Key
asp
ec
ts
in
clu
d
e:
v
eh
icles
an
d
R
SUs
k
ee
p
th
eir
r
aw
d
ata
lo
ca
lized
,
s
h
ar
in
g
o
n
ly
m
o
d
el
u
p
d
ates
with
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
is
p
r
ev
en
ts
s
en
s
itiv
e
d
ata,
s
u
ch
as v
eh
icle
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
d
r
i
v
in
g
b
eh
av
io
r
,
f
r
o
m
b
ei
n
g
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
e
x
ter
n
al
en
titi
es.
E
n
cr
y
p
te
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
ls
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
m
o
d
el
u
p
d
ates
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
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8
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8
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Vo
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4
,
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6
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Dec
em
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er
2
0
2
5
:
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0
4
9
-
5
0
5
7
5052
tr
an
s
m
itted
b
etwe
en
ed
g
e
d
e
v
ices
an
d
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
er
v
er
a
r
e
p
r
o
tecte
d
ag
ai
n
s
t
in
ter
ce
p
tio
n
an
d
tam
p
e
r
in
g
.
Au
th
en
ticatio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
v
er
if
y
th
e
in
teg
r
ity
o
f
d
ata
b
ein
g
tr
an
s
m
itted
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
o
n
ly
au
th
o
r
ized
v
eh
icles
an
d
R
SUs
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
d
ec
e
n
tr
alize
d
n
atu
r
e
o
f
FL
e
n
s
u
r
es
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
r
o
b
u
s
t
ag
ain
s
t
in
d
iv
id
u
al
n
o
d
e
f
ailu
r
es.
E
v
en
if
s
o
m
e
v
eh
icles
o
r
R
SU
s
d
r
o
p
o
u
t
o
f
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
co
n
tin
u
e
to
o
p
er
ate
u
s
in
g
m
o
d
el
u
p
d
ates f
r
o
m
o
th
e
r
ed
g
e
d
e
v
ices
[
2
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
d
etec
tin
g
an
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatin
g
b
etw
ee
n
I
o
T
a
n
d
I
o
V
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
An
o
p
er
atio
n
al
v
iew
o
f
an
I
o
T
co
n
n
ec
ted
I
o
V
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Simu
latio
n
s
wer
e
co
n
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u
cted
i
n
a
co
n
tr
o
lled
I
o
V
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
to
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alu
ate
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e
ef
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ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
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ed
FL
-
b
ased
v
eh
icl
e
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
t
o
co
l.
T
h
e
m
ain
g
o
als
o
f
t
h
ese
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
wer
e
to
ass
ess
th
e
p
r
o
to
c
o
l'
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
lo
wer
in
g
ca
r
b
o
n
em
is
s
io
n
s
,
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
tr
av
el
tim
e,
an
d
e
n
h
an
cin
g
o
v
er
all
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
,
all
w
h
ile
m
ai
n
tain
i
n
g
d
ata
p
r
iv
ac
y
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
d
esig
n
in
teg
r
ate
d
m
o
b
ilit
y
p
atter
n
s
in
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
,
c
o
n
ce
n
tr
atin
g
o
n
two
p
ar
ticu
lar
u
r
b
a
n
ar
ea
s
ch
o
s
en
f
o
r
th
eir
g
r
ea
ter
p
o
p
u
latio
n
d
en
s
it
y
an
d
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
h
ig
h
v
eh
icl
e
d
em
an
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
b
o
th
wee
k
d
ay
s
an
d
wee
k
en
d
s
.
T
h
ese
lo
ca
tio
n
s
wer
e
th
u
s
d
ee
m
ed
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
e
f
o
r
ass
es
s
in
g
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licab
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y
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
h
is
to
r
ical
d
ataset
o
f
v
eh
icle
ac
tiv
ity
was
d
i
v
id
ed
in
to
two
s
p
ec
if
ic
ty
p
es
o
f
r
eg
io
n
s
:
ac
tiv
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ar
tif
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
9
3
8
I
n
tellig
en
t ro
u
te
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
fo
r
in
tern
et
o
f v
eh
icles
u
s
in
g
fed
era
ted
lea
r
n
in
g
…
(
Desid
i Na
r
s
imh
a
R
ed
d
y
)
5053
r
eg
io
n
s
,
d
ef
in
e
d
b
y
o
n
g
o
in
g
v
eh
icu
lar
m
o
v
e
m
en
t,
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d
jo
i
n
t
r
eg
io
n
s
,
wh
er
e
two
ac
tiv
e
zo
n
es
co
n
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er
g
e
an
d
s
h
ar
e
tr
af
f
ic
f
l
o
w.
T
h
e
p
atter
n
s
o
f
b
e
h
av
io
r
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
m
o
b
ilit
y
an
d
v
eh
icle
r
e
q
u
ests
in
th
ese
r
eg
io
n
s
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
to
estab
lis
h
o
p
er
ati
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n
al
b
o
u
n
d
a
r
ies
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
two
z
o
n
es
n
o
tab
ly
in
v
o
l
v
ed
r
eq
u
est
o
v
er
lap
s
to
th
e
clo
u
d
s
er
v
er
,
with
n
eith
er
s
u
r
p
ass
in
g
a
s
ix
ty
-
s
e
co
n
d
u
p
d
ate
cy
cle.
T
h
is
g
u
ar
a
n
teed
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
u
n
ctio
n
e
d
with
in
p
r
ac
tical
tim
e
lim
itatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
c
lo
u
d
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
ef
f
icien
tly
h
an
d
led
in
c
o
m
in
g
r
eq
u
ests
wh
ile
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
i
atio
n
o
f
p
r
ed
ictio
n
er
r
o
r
s
.
T
h
is
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
en
a
b
led
th
e
m
o
d
el
to
en
h
a
n
ce
its
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
b
y
lev
er
a
g
in
g
v
eh
i
cle
d
em
an
d
p
atter
n
s
id
en
tifie
d
o
v
er
t
h
e
p
r
ec
ed
in
g
f
iv
e
wee
k
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
ex
h
ib
ited
s
ig
n
if
ic
an
t
p
r
o
f
icien
cy
in
m
an
ag
in
g
s
eq
u
en
tial
d
ata,
es
p
ec
ially
in
ac
q
u
ir
in
g
in
s
ig
h
ts
f
r
o
m
len
g
th
y
h
is
to
r
ical
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
an
d
ad
ju
s
tin
g
th
em
to
m
ee
t r
ea
l
-
tim
e
v
eh
icu
l
ar
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
's
s
ca
lab
il
ity
was
ass
es
s
ed
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
co
n
d
i
tio
n
s
b
y
ju
x
tap
o
s
in
g
its
o
u
tc
o
m
es
with
th
o
s
e
g
en
er
ated
b
y
b
o
th
ce
n
tr
alize
d
an
d
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
m
o
d
el
s
ac
r
o
s
s
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
T
o
en
h
an
ce
p
r
ed
ictio
n
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
eth
o
d
i
n
teg
r
ated
p
ar
ticu
lar
n
eig
h
b
o
r
h
o
o
d
-
lev
el
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
in
th
e
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
lo
ca
l
v
eh
icle
d
e
m
an
d
.
T
h
is
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
en
a
b
led
th
e
m
o
d
el
to
m
in
im
ize
er
r
o
r
s
th
at
o
f
ten
o
cc
u
r
wh
en
tr
ad
itio
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
tr
y
to
f
o
r
ec
ast
o
v
er
all
v
e
h
icle
d
em
an
d
i
n
f
ar
-
r
ea
ch
i
n
g
o
r
d
iv
er
s
e
ar
ea
s
.
C
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
eth
o
d
s
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
tly
en
c
o
u
n
ter
ch
allen
g
es
in
th
ese
s
itu
atio
n
s
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
er
r
o
r
r
at
es
an
d
d
im
in
is
h
ed
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
to
co
l
b
ased
o
n
FL
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
en
h
an
ce
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
co
llab
o
r
ativ
e
lear
n
in
g
am
o
n
g
v
eh
icles
an
d
R
SUs
.
T
h
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
d
is
tin
ctly
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ates
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ased
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u
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ates
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ely
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ate
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ased
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o
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u
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illu
s
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ates
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e
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e
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ig
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atin
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r
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ted
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tern
a
ti
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a
l
jo
u
rn
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c
o
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re
n
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h
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ra
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p
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c
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a
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is
re
v
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e
r
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m
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m
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li
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se
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d
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ro
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n
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a
c
ted
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s
a
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a
d
v
iso
r
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v
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tern
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c
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s.
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is
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m
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m
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r
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s
p
ro
fe
s
sio
n
a
l
b
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d
ies
li
k
e
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CS
I,
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a
n
d
CS
TA.
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is
th
e
B
OS
m
e
m
b
e
r
fo
r
se
v
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ra
l
p
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ss
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n
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c
o
ll
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g
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s
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re
se
a
rc
h
wo
rk
fo
c
u
se
s
o
n
d
a
ta
m
in
in
g
,
ima
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
a
n
d
c
y
b
e
r
se
c
u
rit
y
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c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
u
rth
y
g
sn
m
@y
a
h
o
o
.
c
o
m
.
Na
ll
a
th
a
m
b
i
S
r
ija
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c
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iv
e
d
t
h
e
B.
E.
d
e
g
re
e
in
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m
p
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ter
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ie
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n
d
En
g
in
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fro
m
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fe
ss
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a
l
G
ro
u
p
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f
I
n
stit
u
ti
o
n
,
P
a
ll
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d
a
m
,
I
n
d
ia,
i
n
2
0
1
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a
n
d
th
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M
.
E.
d
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re
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in
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m
p
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ri
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M
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m
m
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ri
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g
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ll
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g
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sip
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ra
m
,
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in
2
0
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9
a
n
d
d
o
i
n
g
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
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n
g
in
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g
wi
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De
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p
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rn
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g
s
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il
iza
ti
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fro
m
M
.
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u
m
a
ra
sa
m
y
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ll
e
g
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o
f
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n
g
i
n
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e
rin
g
,
Ka
ru
r,
In
d
ia
in
2
0
2
4
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
sh
e
is
a
n
As
sista
n
t
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
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t
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
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t
o
f
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fo
rm
a
ti
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n
Tec
h
n
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u
m
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ra
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ll
e
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e
o
f
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n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
Ka
ru
r
,
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n
d
ia.
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r
r
e
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
l
u
d
e
d
a
ta
sc
ien
c
e
,
ima
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
in
ter
n
e
t
o
f
th
i
n
g
s,
m
a
c
h
i
n
e
lea
rn
in
g
,
a
n
d
a
rti
ficia
l
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
srijan
a
l
lath
a
m
b
i@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
S
a
r
ih
a
d
d
u
K
a
v
ith
a
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
M
.
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h
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
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m
p
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ie
n
c
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n
d
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g
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n
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
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p
a
t
la
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g
in
e
e
rin
g
Co
ll
e
g
e
,
Ba
p
a
tl
a
,
In
d
ia,
i
n
2
0
0
9
a
n
d
s
u
b
m
it
ted
P
h
.
D
.
th
e
sis
in
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
wit
h
S
p
e
e
c
h
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
in
Na
tu
ra
l
Lan
g
u
a
g
e
P
ro
c
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ss
in
g
s
p
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c
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ti
o
n
i
n
Ac
h
a
ry
a
Na
g
a
rju
n
a
Un
i
v
e
rsity
G
u
n
tu
r,
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n
d
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re
s
p
e
c
ti
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ly
.
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rre
n
tl
y
,
s
h
e
is
a
n
As
sista
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t
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r
o
fe
ss
o
r
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t
t
h
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De
p
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rtme
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t
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f
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m
p
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n
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g
in
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n
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ru
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sh
m
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iah
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c
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ti
o
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o
u
n
d
a
ti
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n
,
G
u
n
t
u
r
,
I
n
d
ia.
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r
r
e
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
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c
lu
d
e
c
l
o
u
d
c
o
m
p
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ti
n
g
,
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
in
tern
e
t
o
f
t
h
in
g
s
a
n
d
i
n
telli
g
e
n
t
ro
u
te
o
p
ti
m
i
z
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
I
o
V
u
sin
g
fe
d
e
ra
te
d
lea
rn
in
g
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
k
a
v
it
h
a
.
sa
rih
a
d
d
u
@g
m
a
i
l.
c
o
m
.
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