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it
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s.
K
ey
w
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d
s
:
Ar
tific
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in
tellig
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Fu
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Gr
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wate
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Ho
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(
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[
2
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[
3
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Do
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la
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[
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[
4
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[
5
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.
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ca
teg
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7
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Acc
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R
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Min
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m
s
[
8
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[
9
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s
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m
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t r
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k
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to
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m
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t a
n
d
p
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ea
lth
[
8
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–
[
1
1
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.
A
wastewate
r
tr
ea
tm
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t
p
lan
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(
W
W
T
P)
i
s
an
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s
tem
d
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ts
f
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d
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t
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n
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r
al
wate
r
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cle
[
8
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.
T
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t
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m
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f
p
o
llu
tan
ts
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
o
r
g
an
ic
m
atter
,
s
u
s
p
e
n
d
ed
s
o
lid
s
,
p
ath
o
g
en
ic
m
ic
r
o
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
,
h
ea
v
y
m
etals,
an
d
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
ch
em
i
ca
ls
,
all
o
f
wh
ich
p
o
s
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
an
d
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
r
is
k
s
if
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
u
n
tr
ea
ted
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical,
ch
em
i
ca
l,
an
d
b
io
lo
g
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
W
W
T
Ps
co
n
v
er
t
wastewate
r
in
to
ef
f
lu
en
t
th
at
m
ee
ts
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
th
er
eb
y
p
r
o
tectin
g
a
q
u
atic
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
en
s
u
r
in
g
wate
r
q
u
ality
f
o
r
d
o
wn
s
tr
ea
m
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
is
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
tr
ea
tm
en
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
ce
n
tr
al
to
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
wate
r
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
a
g
em
en
t a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
r
o
tectio
n
.
T
h
e
W
W
T
P
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ty
p
icall
y
in
v
o
lv
es
two
m
ain
s
tag
es.
Prim
ar
y
tr
ea
tm
en
t
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
p
h
y
s
ical
s
ep
ar
atio
n
o
f
s
o
lid
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
ed
im
en
tatio
n
an
d
f
iltra
tio
n
[
1
2
]
–
[
1
4
]
.
Seco
n
d
ar
y
tr
ea
tm
en
t
r
em
o
v
es
r
esid
u
al
o
r
g
an
ic
m
atter
,
d
is
s
o
lv
ed
s
o
lid
s
,
an
d
b
io
d
e
g
r
ad
a
b
le
co
llo
id
s
p
r
im
ar
ily
th
r
o
u
g
h
ae
r
o
b
ic
b
i
o
lo
g
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
d
u
r
in
g
wh
ic
h
n
itro
g
e
n
,
p
h
o
s
p
h
o
r
u
s
,
an
d
p
ath
o
g
en
ic
m
icr
o
o
r
g
an
is
m
s
ar
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
W
h
ile
ef
f
ec
tiv
e,
th
ese
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
ac
e
ch
allen
g
es
in
m
ain
tain
in
g
co
n
s
is
ten
t
tr
ea
tm
en
t
ef
f
icien
cy
wh
en
wastewate
r
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
f
lu
c
tu
ate,
as is
o
f
ten
th
e
ca
s
e
with
g
r
ey
wate
r
.
T
o
s
tr
en
g
th
e
n
co
m
p
lian
ce
w
ith
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
s
u
ch
as
th
e
Min
is
ter
o
f
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
R
eg
u
latio
n
No
.
6
8
/Me
n
lh
k
/S
etjen
/Ku
m
.
1
/8
/2
0
1
6
[
1
7
]
,
in
t
ellig
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ies
ar
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
b
ein
g
ex
p
lo
r
ed
.
T
h
is
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
p
ec
if
ies
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
k
ey
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
clu
d
in
g
b
io
ch
e
m
ical
o
x
y
g
en
d
e
m
an
d
(
B
OD)
,
to
tal
s
u
s
p
en
d
ed
s
o
lid
s
(
T
SS
)
,
p
H,
an
d
f
at,
o
il,
an
d
g
r
ea
s
e
(
FOG)
,
wh
ich
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
ac
ce
p
tab
le
lim
its
b
ef
o
r
e
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
[
1
8
]
.
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
tatic
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
o
f
ten
in
a
d
eq
u
ate
i
n
m
ee
tin
g
th
ese
d
y
n
am
ic
r
e
q
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
,
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
in
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
ad
a
p
tiv
e,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
co
n
tr
o
l so
lu
tio
n
s
.
Fu
zz
y
lo
g
ic
o
f
f
er
s
a
n
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
m
a
n
ag
in
g
s
u
c
h
co
m
p
le
x
ity
.
As
a
b
r
an
ch
o
f
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
,
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
em
u
l
ates
h
u
m
an
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
h
an
d
lin
g
u
n
ce
r
tain
t
y
an
d
p
ar
tial
tr
u
th
s
,
ass
ig
n
in
g
v
alu
es
with
in
a
co
n
tin
u
u
m
f
r
o
m
0
to
1
r
at
h
er
th
an
r
ig
id
b
in
ar
y
class
if
icatio
n
s
[
1
9
]
–
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
is
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
all
o
ws
it
to
in
ter
p
r
et
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
im
p
r
ec
is
e
o
r
f
lu
ctu
atin
g
d
ata,
m
ak
in
g
it
well
s
u
ited
f
o
r
wastewate
r
m
an
ag
em
en
t
wh
er
e
p
ar
am
eter
v
ar
i
ab
ilit
y
is
h
ig
h
[
2
0
]
.
W
h
en
a
p
p
lied
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
Su
g
en
o
in
f
e
r
en
ce
m
eth
o
d
,
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
en
ab
les
p
r
ec
is
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
b
y
d
y
n
am
ically
weig
h
tin
g
m
u
ltip
le
in
p
u
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
T
h
is
m
ak
es
it
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
p
u
m
p
s
an
d
s
o
len
o
id
v
alv
es,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
wate
r
is
eith
er
r
ec
ir
cu
lated
f
o
r
ad
d
itio
n
al
tr
ea
tm
en
t
o
r
s
af
ely
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
wh
en
q
u
ality
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
ac
h
iev
e
d
[
2
3
]
.
B
u
ild
in
g
o
n
th
ese
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
s
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
d
ev
elo
p
s
an
d
v
alid
ates
a
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
-
b
ased
in
tellig
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
g
r
ey
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
in
teg
r
ates
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
p
H,
to
tal
d
is
s
o
lv
ed
s
o
lid
s
(
T
DS)
,
d
is
s
o
lv
ed
o
x
y
g
en
(
DO)
,
an
d
am
m
o
n
ia
(
NH₃)
,
co
u
p
led
with
ac
tu
ato
r
co
n
tr
o
l
to
m
ain
tain
tr
ea
ted
ef
f
lu
e
n
t
with
in
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
lim
its
.
Sen
s
o
r
ca
lib
r
atio
n
,
ac
tu
ato
r
r
esp
o
n
s
e
test
in
g
,
an
d
f
u
ll
s
y
s
tem
ev
alu
atio
n
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
t
o
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
an
d
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
f
o
r
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
d
o
m
esti
c
wastewate
r
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Dev
el
o
pm
ent
o
f
g
re
y
w
a
t
er
t
re
a
t
m
ent
pla
nt
pro
t
o
t
y
p
e
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
s
etu
p
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
a
co
m
p
ac
t
two
-
tan
k
g
r
ey
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
s
y
s
tem
d
es
ig
n
ed
f
o
r
b
o
th
p
r
etr
ea
tm
en
t
an
d
s
to
r
ag
e
o
f
tr
ea
ted
ef
f
lu
en
t
,
as
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
an
k
1
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
a
p
r
etr
ea
tm
en
t
b
asin
,
wh
ile
t
an
k
2
s
to
r
es
th
e
tr
ea
ted
wate
r
p
r
i
o
r
to
d
is
ch
a
r
g
e.
A
r
ec
ir
c
u
latio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
is
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
,
allo
win
g
wate
r
f
r
o
m
t
an
k
2
to
b
e
r
ed
ir
ec
ted
to
t
an
k
1
wh
e
n
q
u
ality
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
n
o
t m
et.
T
h
e
tr
ea
tm
en
t
p
ath
way
in
c
lu
d
es
a
m
u
lti
-
lay
er
f
iltra
tio
n
ch
am
b
e
r
with
f
iv
e
m
ed
i
a
lay
er
s
:
i)
s
ilica
s
an
d
f
o
r
c
o
ar
s
e
f
iltra
t
io
n
,
ii)
m
a
n
g
an
ese
f
o
r
o
x
id
ati
o
n
o
f
d
is
s
o
lv
ed
m
etals,
iii)
a
ctiv
e
s
an
d
f
o
r
f
in
e
p
ar
ticle
r
em
o
v
al,
iv
)
ac
ti
v
ated
ca
r
b
o
n
f
o
r
a
d
s
o
r
p
tio
n
o
f
o
r
g
an
ics,
an
d
v
)
ze
o
lite
f
o
r
io
n
ex
ch
a
n
g
e
a
n
d
p
o
lis
h
in
g
.
T
h
is
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
u
s
p
en
d
e
d
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o
lid
s
,
d
is
s
o
lv
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r
g
an
ics,
an
d
o
th
er
co
n
tam
i
n
an
ts
p
r
io
r
t
o
s
en
s
o
r
-
b
ased
ev
alu
ati
o
n
.
B
o
th
t
an
k
s
ar
e
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
f
o
u
r
c
alib
r
ated
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
m
o
n
ito
r
cr
itical
wate
r
q
u
ality
p
ar
am
eter
s
:
p
H,
T
DS,
DO,
an
d
NH
3
g
as.
T
h
ese
s
en
s
o
r
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
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tr
ea
m
s
f
o
r
in
tellig
en
t c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
th
e
tr
ea
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n
t p
r
o
c
ess
.
2
.
2
.
I
nte
llig
ent
co
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l
a
rc
hite
ct
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T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
g
o
v
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b
y
a
n
ad
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r
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l
s
tr
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th
at
d
eter
m
in
es
wh
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an
k
2
s
h
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u
ld
b
e
d
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ch
ar
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o
r
r
ec
ir
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lated
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C
o
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v
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–
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f
f
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o
l
is
u
s
ed
as
th
e
b
aselin
e,
wh
er
e
ac
tu
at
o
r
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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ates
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ased
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,
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u
r
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Fig
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r
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3
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ased
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r
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les
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as)
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d
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r
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cu
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p
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d
th
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t
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r
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ly
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r
d
s
is
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s
ed
in
to
th
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en
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n
m
e
n
t.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Sens
o
r
perf
o
r
m
a
nce
ev
a
lua
t
io
n
Prio
r
to
d
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lo
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en
t,
all
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en
s
o
r
s
wer
e
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lib
r
ated
ag
ain
s
t
ce
r
t
if
ied
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
to
q
u
an
tif
y
m
e
asu
r
em
en
t
er
r
o
r
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
as
th
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
d
ir
ec
tly
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
.
Sin
ce
ea
ch
p
ar
am
eter
in
v
o
lv
es
d
is
tin
ct
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
p
r
in
cip
les,
tailo
r
ed
ca
lib
r
atio
n
p
r
o
to
co
ls
wer
e
ap
p
lied
.
T
h
e
v
alid
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n
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
at
all
s
en
s
o
r
s
ac
h
iev
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ac
ce
p
tab
le
ac
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r
ac
y
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o
r
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l
-
tim
e
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o
n
it
o
r
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g
o
f
g
r
ey
wate
r
q
u
ality
,
alth
o
u
g
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
v
ar
ied
b
y
s
en
s
o
r
ty
p
e.
T
h
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
tan
k
1
an
d
tan
k
2
wer
e
test
ed
ac
r
o
s
s
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
p
H
5
to
1
0
o
v
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a
1
,
4
0
0
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s
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o
n
d
p
er
io
d
u
s
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g
r
e
p
r
esen
tativ
e
g
r
ey
wate
r
s
am
p
les
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
.
T
h
eir
r
ea
d
in
g
s
wer
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
o
s
e
o
f
a
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
-
g
r
a
d
e
p
H
m
eter
.
B
o
th
s
en
s
o
r
s
s
h
o
wed
ex
ce
llen
t
p
r
ec
is
io
n
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
in
t
an
k
1
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
a
)
)
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
an
av
er
ag
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
0
.
9
4
%,
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
t
o
9
9
.
0
6
%
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
wh
ile
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
in
t
an
k
2
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
s
lig
h
tly
b
etter
with
an
er
r
o
r
o
f
0
.
5
5
%,
eq
u
iv
alen
t
to
9
9
.
4
5
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
co
n
f
ir
m
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
’
s
u
itab
ilit
y
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
p
H
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
,
wh
ich
a
r
e
cr
itical
f
o
r
b
o
th
t
r
ea
tm
en
t
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
e
T
DS
s
en
s
o
r
s
wer
e
ev
alu
ated
with
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
0
to
1
,
0
0
0
p
ar
ts
p
er
m
illi
o
n
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
)
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
in
t
an
k
1
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a
)
)
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
an
av
er
ag
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
3
.
1
9
%
with
9
6
.
8
1
%
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
wh
e
r
ea
s
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
in
T
an
k
2
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
)
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
h
i
g
h
er
p
r
e
cisi
o
n
with
2
.
1
6
%
er
r
o
r
an
d
9
7
.
8
3
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
less
ac
cu
r
ate
th
an
th
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
b
o
th
T
DS
s
en
s
o
r
s
m
ain
tain
ed
ac
ce
p
tab
le
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
.
Var
iatio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
attr
ib
u
ted
to
th
e
h
eter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
n
atu
r
e
o
f
g
r
e
y
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r
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
s
o
ap
r
esid
u
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n
d
d
eter
g
en
t salts
o
n
co
n
d
u
ctiv
ity
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
test
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
t
an
k
1
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
a
)
)
a
n
d
t
a
n
k
2
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
)
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
s
tr
o
n
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
with
t
an
k
1
ex
h
i
b
itin
g
an
av
er
ag
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
0
.
9
4
%
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9
9
.
0
6
%
ac
cu
r
a
cy
)
a
n
d
t
a
n
k
2
s
h
o
win
g
ev
en
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etter
p
r
ec
is
io
n
with
a
0
.
5
5
% a
v
er
ag
e
er
r
o
r
(
9
9
.
4
5
%
ac
cu
r
a
cy
)
.
T
h
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
wer
e
v
alid
ated
ag
ain
s
t
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
p
H
r
ef
er
en
ce
o
v
er
a
1
,
400
-
s
ec
o
n
d
(
≈
4
0
-
m
in
u
te)
test
in
g
p
er
io
d
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
th
e
T
DS
s
en
s
o
r
test
s
co
n
d
u
cte
d
ac
r
o
s
s
a
0
-
1
,
0
0
0
p
p
m
r
an
g
e
u
s
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
g
r
ey
wate
r
s
am
p
les
wer
e
ev
alu
ated
f
o
r
t
an
k
1
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a
)
)
a
n
d
t
a
n
k
2
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
)
.
Sen
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
we
r
e
co
m
p
a
r
ed
a
g
ain
s
t
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
T
DS
v
alid
ato
r
to
d
eter
m
in
e
er
r
o
r
m
ar
g
i
n
s
an
d
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
,
e
n
s
u
r
in
g
r
eliab
ilit
y
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
wate
r
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
T
DS
s
en
s
o
r
on
t
an
k
1
h
ad
a
n
av
er
a
g
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
3
.
1
9
%
with
an
av
e
r
ag
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
6
.
8
1
%
an
d
th
e
T
D
S
s
en
s
o
r
o
n
t
an
k
2
h
ad
an
a
v
er
ag
e
e
r
r
o
r
o
f
2
.
1
6
% with
an
av
er
a
g
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
7
.
8
3
%.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
pH
s
en
s
o
r
test
in
g
in
(
a)
tan
k
1
an
d
(
b
)
tan
k
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ar
tif
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
9
3
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Greyw
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ea
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b
a
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r
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Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
DS sen
s
o
r
test
in
g
i
n
(
a)
tan
k
1
a
n
d
(
b
)
tan
k
2
T
h
e
DO
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en
s
o
r
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wer
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te
s
ted
ac
r
o
s
s
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
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illi
g
r
am
s
p
er
liter
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
)
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
in
t
an
k
1
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
a
)
)
ac
h
iev
e
d
an
av
er
a
g
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
1
.
5
5
%
w
ith
9
8
.
4
5
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
wh
ile
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
in
t
a
n
k
2
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
)
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
1
.
8
%
er
r
o
r
with
9
8
.
2
%
ac
cu
r
a
cy
.
B
o
th
s
en
s
o
r
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
s
tab
le
an
d
r
eliab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
with
in
th
e
o
p
e
r
atio
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al
r
an
g
e,
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o
n
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ir
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in
g
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eir
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u
s
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ess
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r
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tin
u
o
u
s
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ito
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g
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ical
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ea
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en
t c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
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co
n
t
r
ast,
th
e
am
m
o
n
ia
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
(
MQ
-
1
3
5
)
d
is
p
lay
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n
o
ticea
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le
b
aselin
e
d
r
i
f
t
at
lo
w
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
r
an
g
es
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
)
.
Desp
ite
th
e
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tan
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ar
d
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er
e
n
ce
in
d
icatin
g
ze
r
o
am
m
o
n
ia,
t
an
k
1
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
)
co
n
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is
ten
tly
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eg
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ter
ed
0
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2
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p
m
an
d
t
an
k
2
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u
r
e
6
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b
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5
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p
m
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h
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d
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ep
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u
g
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ests
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o
s
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itiv
ity
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latile
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m
p
o
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s
i
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g
r
e
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r
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e
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e
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atio
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s
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ets
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ce
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r
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o
f
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e
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y
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tem
.
(
a)
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b
)
Fig
u
r
e
5.
DO
s
en
s
o
r
test
in
g
in
(
a)
tan
k
1
an
d
(
b
)
tan
k
2
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Am
m
o
n
iac
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
test
in
g
in
(
a
)
tan
k
1
an
d
(
b
)
tan
k
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
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2
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C
o
llectiv
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,
th
e
v
alid
atio
n
r
e
s
u
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
ar
r
ay
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
u
f
f
icien
t
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
u
zz
y
l
o
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
g
r
ey
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
p
H
an
d
DO
s
en
s
o
r
s
ex
h
ib
ited
th
e
h
ig
h
est
s
tab
ilit
y
,
th
e
T
DS
s
en
s
o
r
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
r
eliab
ly
d
esp
ite
g
r
ey
wate
r
v
a
r
iab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
th
e
am
m
o
n
ia
s
en
s
o
r
s
id
en
tifie
d
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
f
o
r
r
ef
in
em
en
t.
T
h
ese
o
u
tco
m
es
co
n
f
ir
m
th
at
th
e
i
n
tellig
en
t
g
r
ey
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
s
y
s
tem
is
g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
in
d
e
p
en
d
ab
le
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
d
ata,
th
er
eb
y
en
s
u
r
in
g
r
o
b
u
s
t a
n
d
r
eliab
le
o
p
er
atio
n
.
3
.
2
.
G
re
y
wa
t
er
t
re
a
t
m
ent
pla
nt
t
esting
Gr
ey
wate
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t
p
la
n
t
test
in
g
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
b
y
s
u
p
p
ly
in
g
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
wastewate
r
t
o
t
an
k
1
,
wh
er
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
p
H,
T
DS,
DO,
an
d
NH
3
g
as.
T
h
e
g
r
ey
wate
r
th
en
en
ter
e
d
th
e
p
u
r
if
icatio
n
ch
am
b
er
f
o
r
f
iltra
tio
n
,
a
f
ter
wh
ich
th
e
tr
ea
ted
ef
f
lu
en
t
was
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
t
an
k
2
f
o
r
s
to
r
ag
e
.
At
th
is
s
tag
e,
th
e
s
am
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
wer
e
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
.
I
f
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
d
id
n
o
t m
ee
t th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
lim
its
,
th
e
p
u
m
p
was a
ctiv
ated
to
r
etu
r
n
th
e
g
r
e
y
wate
r
to
t
an
k
1
f
o
r
r
e
-
f
iltra
tio
n
.
On
ce
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
v
alu
es
co
m
p
lied
with
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
th
e
s
o
len
o
id
v
alv
e
was a
ctiv
ated
t
o
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
t
h
e
tr
ea
ted
wate
r
i
n
to
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
e
n
ti
r
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
l
a
s
t
e
d
a
p
p
r
o
x
i
m
a
te
l
y
f
o
u
r
h
o
u
r
s
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
f
u
z
zy
l
o
g
i
c
–
b
a
s
e
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
A
s
s
h
o
wn
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
,
th
e
f
i
lt
r
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
s
ig
n
i
f
ic
a
n
t
ly
im
p
r
o
v
ed
w
a
t
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
ty
.
T
h
e
p
H
d
e
c
r
e
a
s
e
d
f
r
o
m
a
n
in
i
t
i
a
l
v
a
lu
e
o
f
9
.
0
4
to
8
.
0
8
(
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
(
a
)
)
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
T
DS
c
o
n
c
e
n
tr
a
t
io
n
d
e
cr
e
a
s
ed
f
r
o
m
6
1
1
.
0
4
-
to
3
9
3
.
9
6
p
p
m
(
F
ig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
)
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
D
O
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
in
c
r
ea
s
e
d
f
r
o
m
2
.
5
2
-
6
.
0
7
m
g
/L
(
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
(
c)
)
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
N
H
3
c
o
n
ce
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
cr
e
a
s
e
d
f
r
o
m
0
.
5
2
-
0
.
1
9
p
p
m
(
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
(
d
)
)
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
a
t
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
iv
en
e
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c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
M
.
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
(M
a
ste
r
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
)
i
n
Ap
p
li
e
d
P
h
y
sic
s
fr
o
m
th
e
R
h
e
in
isc
h
-
Wes
tfae
li
sc
h
e
Tec
h
n
isc
h
e
Ho
c
h
sc
h
u
le
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Aa
c
h
e
n
,
G
e
rm
a
n
y
,
with
t
h
e
m
a
ste
r
’s
th
e
sis
“
P
re
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
lea
n
in
g
o
f
tu
n
g
ste
n
ti
p
s
m
o
u
n
te
d
o
n
q
u
a
rtz
AF
M
se
n
s
o
rs
”
.
He
is
h
e
a
d
o
f
Lab
o
ra
to
r
y
S
a
fe
ty
I
n
stru
m
e
n
te
d
S
y
ste
m
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
In
str
u
m
e
n
tat
io
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
V
o
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
tu
d
ies
,
I
n
stit
u
t
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
S
e
p
u
l
u
h
No
p
e
m
b
e
r,
S
u
ra
b
a
y
a
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
.
I
n
a
d
d
it
i
o
n
,
h
e
is
se
rv
in
g
a
s
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Li
a
iso
n
Offic
e
r
o
f
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
In
str
u
m
e
n
tatio
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
re
in
in
str
u
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
,
m
o
d
u
lar
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
two
rk
s
,
n
a
n
o
se
n
so
rs
,
a
n
d
n
a
n
o
m
a
teria
ls.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
e
k
a
.
wi
d
y
a
@its.
a
c
.
id
.
Mu
h
a
m
m
a
d
Ra
sy
id
Rid
h
a
stu
d
ied
a
t
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
In
str
u
m
e
n
tatio
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Vo
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
t
u
d
ies
,
I
n
stit
u
t
Tek
n
o
l
o
g
i
S
e
p
u
l
u
h
N
o
p
e
m
b
e
r
.
He
is
a
c
ti
v
e
a
s
a
lab
o
ra
to
r
y
a
ss
istan
t
i
n
th
e
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
In
stru
m
e
n
tat
io
n
Lab
o
ra
t
o
ry
.
Du
ri
n
g
h
is
ti
m
e
a
s
a
stu
d
e
n
t,
t
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
w
a
s
a
c
ti
v
e
in
se
v
e
ra
l
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
c
ti
v
it
ies
.
F
in
a
ll
y
,
he
wo
u
l
d
li
k
e
to
e
x
p
re
ss
h
is
g
ra
ti
tu
d
e
fo
r
th
e
c
o
m
p
leti
o
n
o
f
th
is
sc
ien
ti
fic
jo
u
r
n
a
l.
He
h
o
p
e
s
t
h
a
t
th
e
c
o
m
p
leti
o
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
jo
u
rn
a
l
c
a
n
c
o
n
tri
b
u
te
t
o
th
e
wo
rld
o
f
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
a
d
d
re
fe
re
n
c
e
s
to
c
o
n
ti
n
u
e
i
n
fu
rth
e
r
re
se
a
rc
h
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
at
e
m
a
il
:
ra
sy
id
rid
h
a
0
0
2
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Ani
s
Ma
h
m
u
d
a
Ch
a
fsa
h
stu
d
ie
d
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
In
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Vo
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
t
u
d
ies
,
I
n
stit
u
t
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
S
e
p
u
l
u
h
No
p
e
m
b
e
r.
Th
e
a
u
th
o
r
is
a
c
ti
v
e
a
s
a
lab
o
ra
to
r
y
a
ss
istan
t
in
th
e
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
As
sista
n
t
Lab
o
ra
to
ry
.
Du
r
in
g
h
is
ti
m
e
a
s
a
stu
d
e
n
t,
t
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
w
a
s
a
c
ti
v
e
in
se
v
e
ra
l
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
c
ti
v
it
ies
.
F
in
a
ll
y
,
th
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
wo
u
l
d
li
k
e
t
o
th
a
n
k
y
o
u
fo
r
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
letio
n
o
f
th
is
sc
ien
ti
fic
jo
u
rn
a
l.
T
h
e
a
u
th
o
r
h
o
p
e
s
th
a
t
th
e
c
o
m
p
letio
n
o
f
th
is
jo
u
rn
a
l
c
a
n
c
o
n
tri
b
u
te
to
th
e
wo
rl
d
o
f
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
a
d
d
re
fe
re
n
c
e
s
to
b
e
c
o
n
ti
n
u
e
d
in
f
u
rth
e
r
re
se
a
rc
h
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
n
ism
a
h
m
u
d
a
8
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Akh
m
a
d
Ibn
u
H
ij
a
re
c
e
iv
e
d
t
h
e
m
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
P
h
y
sic
s
wi
th
a
c
o
n
c
e
n
tratio
n
i
n
I
n
d
u
strial
In
str
u
m
e
n
t
a
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
fro
m
th
e
In
stit
u
t
Te
k
n
o
lo
g
i
S
e
p
u
lu
h
N
o
p
e
m
b
e
r,
S
u
ra
b
a
y
a
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
wit
h
th
e
m
a
ste
r
’s
th
e
sis
“
De
sig
n
p
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
-
b
a
se
d
S
S
D
(
si
n
g
le
sh
o
t
d
e
tec
to
r
)
wit
h
fu
si
o
n
s
e
n
so
r
u
sin
g
m
o
n
o
c
a
m
e
ra
a
n
d
u
l
tras
o
n
ic
”
.
He
is
a
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
I
n
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Vo
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
t
u
d
ies
,
In
stit
u
t
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
S
e
p
u
l
u
h
N
o
p
e
m
b
e
r,
S
u
ra
b
a
y
a
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
In
a
d
d
it
i
o
n
,
h
e
is
se
rv
in
g
a
s
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
Li
a
iso
n
Offic
e
r
o
f
th
e
D
e
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
I
n
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
re
in
in
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
,
m
o
d
u
lar
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
two
rk
s,
ima
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
a
n
d
o
b
jec
t
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
u
se
c
a
m
e
ra
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
.
ib
n
u
h
ij
a
@its.
a
c
.
i
d
.
S
iti
Nur
Az
e
ll
a
Za
in
e
is
a
S
e
n
io
r
Lec
tu
re
r
i
n
th
e
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
Ch
e
m
ica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
Un
i
v
e
rsiti
Tek
n
o
l
o
g
i
P
e
tr
o
n
a
s
(UT
P
),
S
e
ri
Is
k
a
n
d
a
r,
M
a
lay
sia
.
S
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
Do
c
to
ra
l
De
g
re
e
fro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
P
ET
RON
AS
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
m
a
teria
ls
sc
ien
c
e
a
n
d
n
a
n
o
m
a
t
e
rials.
S
h
e
is
a
ffil
iate
d
wit
h
t
h
e
Ce
n
ter
o
f
In
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
Na
n
o
stru
c
tu
re
a
n
d
Na
n
o
d
e
v
ice
(COIN
N)
a
t
UTP
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
at
e
m
a
il
:
n
u
ra
z
e
ll
a
.
z
a
in
e
@u
tp
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
.
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