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tatio
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n
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ap
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tim
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Sy
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tem
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ev
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T
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rticle
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CC B
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SA
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C
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p
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A
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:
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Far
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Dep
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Facu
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in
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Un
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s
itas
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T
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alay
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I
n
d
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E
m
ail: lin
d
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@
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c.
i
d
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
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L
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ca
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b
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tr
a
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p
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elem
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t
in
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b
al
clim
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m
itig
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s
tr
a
teg
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As
co
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m
o
v
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d
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b
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th
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Par
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s
p
o
r
t
s
ec
to
r
is
r
ap
id
ly
elec
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if
y
in
g
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
elec
tr
ic
v
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icles
(
E
Vs)
is
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4
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7
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lly
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f
r
astru
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s
r
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ca
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u
p
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d
if
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y
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s
f
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p
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V
ch
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g
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
is
esp
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p
r
o
m
is
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b
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u
s
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it
allo
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g
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ed
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ce
s
r
elian
ce
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th
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m
ai
n
p
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r
id
[
1
]
.
Usi
n
g
s
o
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PV
t
o
ch
ar
g
e
elec
tr
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v
e
h
icles
f
its
well
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u
r
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s
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s
tain
ab
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d
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atio
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r
en
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g
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[
8
]
,
[
9
]
.
M
u
ltip
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im
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latio
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s
u
ch
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Hasan
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l
.
[
1
0
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a
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[
1
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win
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en
th
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esil
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r
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W
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ev
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[
9
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C
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alg
o
r
ith
m
ic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
at
tap
in
to
t
h
e
p
o
wer
o
f
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
(
GI
S).
Alth
o
u
g
h
GI
S
is
a
co
m
m
o
n
to
o
l
f
o
r
m
ak
i
n
g
s
p
atial
d
ec
is
io
n
s
.
MCD
M
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
way
to
r
an
k
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
o
p
tio
n
s
u
s
in
g
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
ev
alu
atio
n
cr
iter
ia,
an
d
th
e
y
’
r
e
wid
ely
u
s
ed
i
n
p
lan
n
in
g
b
o
t
h
en
e
r
g
y
an
d
tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
Hi
s
o
g
lu
et
a
l
.
[
1
2
]
u
s
ed
a
c
o
m
b
in
ed
GI
S
a
n
d
t
h
e
an
aly
tic
h
ier
ar
c
h
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
AHP)
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
u
i
tab
le
u
r
b
a
n
lo
ca
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
d
ep
l
o
y
in
g
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
E
V
ch
ar
g
in
g
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
Z
h
ao
et
a
l
.
[
1
3
]
a
ls
o
cr
ea
ted
a
s
itin
g
m
o
d
el
in
Qin
g
d
ao
b
y
co
m
b
in
in
g
GI
S
–
AHP
with
en
tr
o
p
y
weig
h
tin
g
,
w
h
ich
h
elp
ed
b
etter
p
r
io
r
itize
th
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
p
o
ten
tial sit
es
.
Similar
ly
,
R
az
eg
h
i
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
em
p
lo
y
ed
GI
S
MCDM
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
s
p
atial
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
o
f
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
E
VC
S,
s
h
o
wca
s
in
g
h
o
w
s
p
atial
to
o
ls
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
m
o
d
els ca
n
jo
i
n
tly
en
h
a
n
ce
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
s
itin
g
At
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
h
eu
r
is
tic
a
n
d
AI
-
d
r
iv
en
m
eth
o
d
s
h
av
e
b
ec
o
m
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
p
o
p
u
lar
f
o
r
tack
lin
g
co
m
p
lex
l
o
ca
tio
n
p
lan
n
in
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
Heu
r
is
tic
tech
n
iq
u
es
lik
e
g
en
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
(
GA)
an
d
p
a
r
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
PS
O)
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
ass
ess
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
ac
t
o
r
s
s
u
ch
as
co
s
t
-
ef
f
icien
cy
,
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
,
s
y
s
tem
d
ep
en
d
a
b
ilit
y
,
an
d
n
e
two
r
k
r
ea
c
h
wh
e
n
d
esig
n
in
g
E
V
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
L
az
ar
i
a
n
d
C
h
ass
iak
o
s
[
1
5
]
s
h
o
wed
h
o
w
th
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
ca
n
h
elp
s
tr
ik
e
a
b
ala
n
ce
b
et
wee
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
an
d
f
in
a
n
cial
g
o
als.
So
m
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
av
e
ev
en
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
h
y
b
r
id
GA
–
PS
O
m
o
d
els
to
b
o
o
s
t
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
On
th
e
AI
f
r
o
n
t,
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
lik
e
K
-
N
ea
r
est
Neig
h
b
o
r
s
(
KNN)
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
p
r
ed
ict
id
ea
l
E
V
ch
ar
g
in
g
s
tatio
n
s
ites
b
y
an
aly
zin
g
u
s
er
b
eh
av
io
r
p
atter
n
s
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
Desp
ite
th
is
g
r
o
win
g
b
o
d
y
o
f
r
esea
r
ch
,
s
ev
e
r
al
is
s
u
es
r
em
ain
u
n
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
.
First,
a
u
n
if
ied
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
to
co
m
p
a
r
e
an
d
class
if
y
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
r
s
o
lar
-
b
ased
E
VC
S
i
s
lack
in
g
.
Seco
n
d
,
wh
ile
m
an
y
s
tu
d
ies
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
,
f
ew
ex
p
licitly
in
co
r
p
o
r
ate
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
d
ata
o
r
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
v
ar
iab
les
in
to
th
eir
d
ec
is
io
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
.
T
h
ir
d
,
g
eo
g
r
a
p
h
ical
c
o
v
er
ag
e
r
em
ai
n
s
u
n
ev
e
n
,
with
m
o
s
t
s
tu
d
ies
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
Asi
a
an
d
t
h
e
M
id
d
le
E
ast,
leav
i
n
g
Su
b
-
Sah
ar
an
Af
r
ica,
L
atin
A
m
er
ica,
an
d
is
lan
d
n
atio
n
s
u
n
d
er
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
v
alid
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
an
d
s
en
s
itiv
ity
an
aly
s
es
ar
e
o
f
ten
o
v
e
r
lo
o
k
e
d
,
lim
itin
g
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
[
1
7
]
.
Ar
s
e
l
et
a
l.
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
ed
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
s
o
lar
r
ad
ia
tio
n
esti
m
atio
n
in
s
itin
g
p
r
ec
i
s
io
n
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
at
cu
b
i
c
s
p
lin
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
tr
ad
itio
n
al
Å
n
g
s
tr
ö
m
m
o
d
els in
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
PV s
itin
g
ac
cu
r
ac
y
[
1
8
]
.
T
o
f
ill
th
ese
id
en
tifie
d
g
ap
s
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e,
th
is
r
esear
ch
u
n
d
er
tak
es
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
r
ev
iew
o
f
r
elev
an
t
ac
ad
em
ic
s
tu
d
ies
an
d
o
p
tim
iz
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
itin
g
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
e
d
E
VC
S.
Fo
llo
win
g
th
e
PR
I
SMA
2
0
2
0
g
u
id
elin
e,
we
s
cr
ee
n
e
d
o
v
er
6
0
ar
ticles
f
r
o
m
th
e
Sc
o
p
u
s
d
atab
ase
an
d
s
elec
ted
1
5
th
at
f
u
lf
illed
th
e
in
clu
s
io
n
cr
iter
ia:
i
)
f
o
cu
s
o
n
E
VC
S
s
itin
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
ii
)
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
an
d
iii
)
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
clar
it
y
.
T
h
ese
s
tu
d
ies
wer
e
g
r
o
u
p
e
d
in
to
f
iv
e
m
ajo
r
ca
teg
o
r
ies:
GI
S
-
b
ased
m
o
d
els,
MCDM
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
,
f
u
zz
y
-
GI
S
h
y
b
r
id
m
eth
o
d
s
,
h
e
u
r
is
tic/m
etah
eu
r
is
tic
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
an
d
AI
-
d
r
iv
en
m
o
d
els.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
C
h
o
u
d
h
ar
y
an
d
Ak
ella
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
in
te
g
r
atin
g
PV
an
d
b
i
o
m
ass
in
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
tem
s
co
u
ld
r
ed
u
ce
ca
r
b
o
n
em
is
s
io
n
s
to
as
lo
w
as
8
2
k
g
/y
ea
r
with
a
lev
e
lized
co
s
t
o
f
$
0
.
0
7
7
/k
W
h
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
i
n
g
th
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
s
itin
g
in
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
o
u
tco
m
es.
B
y
class
if
y
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es,
ass
e
s
s
in
g
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
an
d
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
an
d
id
e
n
tify
in
g
g
ap
s
,
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ad
v
an
ce
s
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
e
n
,
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
E
V
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
p
lan
n
in
g
an
d
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
in
ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
c
o
llab
o
r
atio
n
in
s
o
lar
-
en
ab
le
d
E
VC
S
s
itin
g
[
2
1
]
.
Hav
in
g
a
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
g
r
asp
o
f
ex
is
tin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
th
eir
s
h
o
r
tco
m
in
g
s
is
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
s
teer
in
g
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
an
d
h
elp
in
g
s
h
ap
e
p
o
licies g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
in
ev
i
d
en
ce
f
o
r
clea
n
m
o
b
ilit
y
ef
f
o
r
ts
.
T
h
i
s
r
e
v
i
e
w
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
es
t
h
e
P
R
I
S
M
A
2
0
2
0
a
n
d
P
I
C
OC
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
t
o
t
r
a
n
s
p
a
r
e
n
t
l
y
c
l
as
s
i
f
y
f
i
f
t
e
e
n
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
6
t
o
2
0
2
4
i
n
t
o
f
i
v
e
s
u
s
ta
i
n
a
b
i
li
t
y
a
n
d
s
m
a
r
t
g
r
i
d
-
o
r
i
e
n
t
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
c
a
te
g
o
r
i
e
s
,
c
o
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
a
t
ic
a
n
d
b
i
b
l
i
o
m
e
t
r
ic
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
t
o
c
a
p
t
u
r
e
r
es
e
a
r
c
h
e
v
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
e
v
i
d
e
n
c
e
-
b
a
s
e
d
c
l
ea
n
m
o
b
i
l
i
t
y
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h
qu
estio
n f
o
rmula
t
io
n
T
o
m
ain
tain
c
o
h
er
e
n
ce
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
r
e
v
iew
o
b
jectiv
es
a
n
d
ar
ticle
s
elec
tio
n
cr
iter
ia,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ad
o
p
ted
th
e
PICOC
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
,
a
wid
ely
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
f
o
r
d
ef
in
in
g
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
b
lem
s
in
s
y
s
tem
atic
r
ev
iew
s
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
r
ev
iew
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ar
e
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
an
d
alig
n
ed
with
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
b
jectiv
es,
th
is
r
esear
ch
ad
o
p
ts
th
e
PICOC
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
,
wh
ich
h
elp
s
d
ef
in
e
th
e
p
o
p
u
l
atio
n
,
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
,
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
,
o
u
tco
m
e
,
an
d
co
n
tex
t o
f
th
e
r
ev
iew.
T
a
b
le
1
s
u
m
m
ar
izes th
e
PICOC
cr
iter
ia
ap
p
lied
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
an
d
illu
s
tr
ates
h
o
w
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
g
u
id
ed
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
l
atio
n
o
f
th
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esear
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B
ased
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n
th
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o
r
m
u
latio
n
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t
h
e
r
ev
iew
a
d
d
r
ess
es
th
r
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r
e
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g
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
o
p
tim
izatio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
o
r
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
E
VC
S
s
itin
g
,
th
e
s
p
atial,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8
6
9
4
Op
timiz
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tio
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tech
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iq
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r
s
itin
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s
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la
r
-
p
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E
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A
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Lin
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1357
tech
n
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an
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ab
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cr
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p
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r
itized
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s
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d
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em
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g
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eth
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lo
g
ical
g
ap
s
in
th
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ex
is
tin
g
liter
atu
r
e
[
2
2
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
PICOC
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
C
o
m
p
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n
e
n
t
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
P
S
o
l
a
r
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p
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e
r
e
d
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l
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c
t
r
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c
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e
h
i
c
l
e
c
h
a
r
g
i
n
g
st
a
t
i
o
n
s (EV
C
S
)
I
Lo
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
p
t
i
mi
z
a
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s (G
I
S
,
M
C
D
M
,
h
e
u
r
i
s
t
i
c
,
a
n
d
h
y
b
r
i
d
)
C
C
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p
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met
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c
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v
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w
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d
f
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m
t
h
e
p
e
r
i
o
d
2
0
1
4
t
o
2
0
2
4
2
.
2
.
L
it
er
a
t
ure
s
ea
rc
h str
a
t
e
g
y
A
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
an
d
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
cib
le
liter
atu
r
e
s
ea
r
c
h
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
Sco
p
u
s
d
atab
ase
,
wh
ich
is
wid
ely
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
f
o
r
its
ex
ten
s
iv
e
in
d
ex
in
g
o
f
p
ee
r
-
r
e
v
iewe
d
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
ac
r
o
s
s
en
g
i
n
e
er
in
g
,
e
n
er
g
y
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
cien
ce
s
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
m
ain
g
o
al
was
to
id
en
tify
s
ch
o
lar
ly
wo
r
k
s
th
at
e
x
p
lo
r
e
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icle
ch
ar
g
in
g
s
tatio
n
(
E
VC
S)
p
lace
m
en
t,
p
ar
tic
u
lar
ly
th
o
s
e
th
at
in
teg
r
ate
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
s
y
s
tem
s
o
r
o
th
er
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
.
T
o
e
n
s
u
r
e
alig
n
m
en
t
with
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
b
jectiv
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a
B
o
o
lean
q
u
er
y
was
d
esig
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ed
an
d
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
T
I
T
L
E
-
AB
S
-
KE
Y
f
ield
s
o
f
Sco
p
u
s
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T
h
e
in
itial
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ea
r
c
h
s
tr
in
g
c
o
m
b
in
e
d
k
ey
wo
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d
s
s
u
ch
as
:
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V
ch
ar
g
in
g
s
tatio
n
"
OR
"e
lectr
ic
v
eh
icle
ch
ar
g
in
g
")
AND
(
"lo
ca
tio
n
o
p
tim
izatio
n
"
OR
"sit
e
s
elec
tio
n
"
OR
"
s
itin
g
an
aly
s
is
"
.
Usi
n
g
lo
g
ical
o
p
er
ato
r
s
(
AN
D/OR
)
.
T
h
is
s
tr
ateg
y
was
in
t
en
d
ed
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
r
elev
an
t
lite
r
atu
r
e
th
at
in
ter
s
ec
ts
b
o
th
E
V
i
n
f
r
astru
c
tu
r
e
p
lan
n
in
g
an
d
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
-
b
ased
s
itin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
e
in
itial
q
u
e
r
y
y
ield
ed
6
1
p
o
ten
tially
r
elev
a
n
t
ar
ticles.
A
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
f
ilter
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
was
ap
p
lied
to
r
ef
in
e
th
e
d
ataset,
lim
itin
g
r
esu
lts
to
E
n
g
lis
h
-
l
an
g
u
ag
e
ar
ticles,
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
b
etwe
en
2
0
1
4
an
d
2
0
2
4
,
an
d
d
o
cu
m
en
t
ty
p
es
in
clu
d
in
g
jo
u
r
n
al
ar
ticles
o
n
ly
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
k
e
y
wo
r
d
f
ilter
s
s
u
ch
as
“so
lar
en
er
g
y
”,
“p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
”,
an
d
“su
s
tain
ab
le
lo
ca
tio
n
o
p
t
im
izatio
n
”
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
f
u
r
t
h
er
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
r
etr
iev
ed
d
o
c
u
m
en
ts
em
p
h
asized
r
en
ewa
b
le
-
p
o
wer
ed
E
VC
S.
T
h
is
s
ea
r
ch
s
tr
ateg
y
laid
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
an
d
in
clu
s
io
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es a
s
o
u
tlin
ed
i
n
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
2
.
3
.
Scre
ening
a
nd
elig
ibi
lity
cr
it
er
ia
T
h
e
in
itial
d
atab
ase
s
ea
r
ch
w
as
co
n
d
u
cted
in
J
an
u
a
r
y
2
0
2
5
an
d
y
ield
ed
6
1
r
ec
o
r
d
s
.
T
h
e
s
e
r
ec
o
r
d
s
wer
e
ex
p
o
r
te
d
in
C
SV
f
o
r
m
at
f
r
o
m
Sco
p
u
s
an
d
s
er
v
e
d
as
th
e
b
asis
f
o
r
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
cr
ee
n
i
n
g
an
d
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ic
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
ev
iew
f
o
ll
o
wed
th
e
PR
I
SMA
2
0
2
0
p
r
o
t
o
co
l
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
s
tag
e,
th
e
titl
es,
ab
s
tr
ac
t
s
,
an
d
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
o
f
all
r
etr
iev
ed
ar
ticles
wer
e
r
ev
iewe
d
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
.
Stu
d
ies
wer
e
ex
clu
d
ed
if
th
ey
m
et
an
y
o
f
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
cr
iter
ia:
i)
L
ac
k
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
clar
ity
o
r
f
ailed
to
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
;
ii)
Did
n
o
t
in
teg
r
ate
s
o
lar
,
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
ltaic,
o
r
a
n
y
f
o
r
m
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
;
an
d
iii)
Fo
c
u
s
ed
ex
clu
s
iv
ely
o
n
f
in
an
cial,
h
ar
d
war
e,
o
r
tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
a
n
a
ly
s
es with
o
u
t sp
atial
o
r
s
itin
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
Af
ter
ap
p
ly
in
g
t
h
e
ex
clu
s
io
n
cr
iter
ia,
4
6
ar
ticles
wer
e
r
em
o
v
ed
,
y
ield
in
g
1
5
elig
ib
le
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
f
o
cu
s
o
n
E
VC
S
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
o
r
lo
ca
tio
n
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
i
n
c
o
r
p
o
r
ate
r
en
ewa
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le
en
er
g
y
as
p
ec
ts
(
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
s
o
lar
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
s
o
u
r
ce
s
)
,
ap
p
ly
s
p
atial,
m
u
lti
-
cr
iter
ia,
o
r
h
eu
r
is
tic
-
b
ased
m
eth
o
d
s
(
e.
g
.
,
GI
S,
MCDM,
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
m
o
d
els),
ar
e
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
in
p
ee
r
-
r
ev
iewe
d
jo
u
r
n
als
b
et
wee
n
2
0
1
4
a
n
d
2
0
2
4
,
a
n
d
a
r
e
wr
itten
in
E
n
g
lis
h
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
th
e
r
ev
iew
ex
clu
d
ed
g
en
e
r
al
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
s
lack
in
g
o
r
ig
in
al
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
,
p
ap
e
r
s
f
o
cu
s
ed
s
o
lely
o
n
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ics
o
r
p
o
licy
is
s
u
es
with
o
u
t
s
p
atial
p
lan
n
in
g
,
a
n
d
s
tu
d
ies
u
n
r
elat
ed
to
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
s
itin
g
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
in
t
eg
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
e
n
tire
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
an
d
s
elec
tin
g
s
tu
d
ies
is
illu
s
tr
ated
a
s
illu
s
tr
ated
in
th
e
PR
I
SMA
f
lo
wch
ar
t
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
)
,
wh
ich
p
r
es
en
ts
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tu
d
ies
c
o
llected
,
r
ev
iewe
d
,
r
em
o
v
ed
,
an
d
u
ltima
tely
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
in
clu
s
io
n
i
n
th
e
f
in
al
an
aly
s
is
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
s
ed
to
s
elec
t
s
tu
d
ies.
Ou
t
o
f
6
1
ar
ticl
es
in
itially
r
etr
iev
ed
f
r
o
m
Sco
p
u
s
,
1
5
wer
e
in
clu
d
e
d
i
n
th
e
f
in
al
an
aly
s
is
af
ter
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
an
d
elig
ib
ilit
y
cr
iter
ia
.
2
.
4
.
Resea
rc
h qua
lity
a
s
s
ess
m
ent
T
o
m
ain
tain
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
r
ig
o
r
a
n
d
c
o
n
s
is
ten
cy
in
t
h
e
f
in
al
d
ataset,
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
1
5
s
elec
ted
s
tu
d
ies
u
n
d
er
we
n
t
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
d
q
u
ality
ass
ess
m
en
t.
T
h
is
ev
alu
atio
n
r
elied
o
n
f
iv
e
cr
iter
ia
d
er
iv
e
d
f
r
o
m
well
-
estab
lis
h
ed
s
y
s
tem
atic
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
(
SLR)
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
an
d
ap
p
lied
to
ea
ch
ar
ticle
b
ased
o
n
th
e
av
ailab
le
ab
s
tr
ac
t,
m
eth
o
d
s
,
a
n
d
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
.
E
ac
h
a
r
ticle
was
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
a
b
in
ar
y
s
co
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
(
=
cr
iter
io
n
m
et;
=
n
o
t
m
e
t)
.
Stu
d
ies
s
co
r
in
g
at
least
f
o
u
r
o
f
f
iv
e
cr
iter
ia
wer
e
i
n
clu
d
ed
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
clar
ity
an
d
r
el
ev
an
ce
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
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4
I
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w
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lec
&
Dr
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s
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,
Vo
l.
1
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No
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2
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r
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5
in
clu
d
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d
ar
ticles.
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h
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ex
tr
ac
tio
n
f
o
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s
ed
o
n
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o
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i
b
lio
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ata
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h
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f
ield
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ted
[
2
5
]
:
E
x
tr
ac
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ata
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clu
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p
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b
licatio
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etails,
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atic
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ic
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ee
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r
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s
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r
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atic
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d
b
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is
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2
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ter
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le
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ix
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en
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r
b
ib
lio
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etr
ic
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ap
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in
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v
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aliza
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id
en
tify
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esear
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en
d
s
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llab
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atio
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d
th
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atic
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tr
u
ctu
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g
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atin
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o
lu
tio
n
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f
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VC
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o
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tim
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ig
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d
e
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g
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c
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r
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ase
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s
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ies
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aly
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s
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g
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e
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r
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esh
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ld
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s
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m
aliza
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,
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d
th
em
atic
clu
s
ter
in
g
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n
B
ib
lio
s
h
in
y
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Descript
iv
e
cha
ra
ct
er
is
t
ics o
f
t
he
s
elec
t
ed
s
t
ud
ie
s
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
al
f
ea
t
u
r
es
o
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th
e
1
5
r
ev
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d
ar
ticles
wer
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
ai
n
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
an
el
i
n
B
ib
lio
s
h
in
y
(
B
ib
lio
m
etr
ix
R
p
ac
k
ag
e)
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
is
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
k
ey
b
ib
lio
m
etr
i
c
attr
ib
u
tes
s
u
ch
as
tem
p
o
r
al
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o
v
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ag
e
,
au
t
h
o
r
s
h
ip
,
in
ter
n
atio
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al
co
llab
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r
atio
n
,
a
n
d
citatio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
tr
en
d
s
in
p
u
b
licatio
n
g
r
o
wth
,
co
-
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
,
an
d
citatio
n
i
m
p
ac
t,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
wh
ich
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
v
is
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al
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
th
e
m
ai
n
b
i
b
lio
m
etr
ic
in
d
icato
r
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
Op
timiz
a
tio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es fo
r
s
itin
g
s
o
la
r
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p
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ered
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V
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1359
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u
r
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2
.
Vis
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m
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ar
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ain
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s
f
r
o
m
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ataset
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u
r
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citatio
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ticle,
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n
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3
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2
.
T
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T
o
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d
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tu
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ies
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r
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m
2
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to
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0
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4
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
u
s
in
g
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i
b
lio
s
h
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.
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h
is
tim
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u
r
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Fig
u
r
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s
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u
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.
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s
T
h
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ticles
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lis
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2
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s
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u
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3
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ities
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3
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p
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ased
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0
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1
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,
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n
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th
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o
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(
2
0
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4
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ar
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e
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ai
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[
1
3
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,
[
1
4
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
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Key
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ased
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I
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I
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2
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ased
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av
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ar
d
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et
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l.
[
3
1
]
s
h
o
wca
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ed
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s
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m
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ap
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d
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[
3
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p
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izatio
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o
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s
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d
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ig
h
lig
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g
d
if
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ad
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m
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m
eth
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ely
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ased
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A
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V
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K
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[
3
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H
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6
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ev
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ated
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Sit
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)
[
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1
]
,
r
ef
lects
a
g
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Naser
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[
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]
p
r
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His
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lu
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[
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T
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3
.
6
.
1
.
P
o
wer
elec
t
r
o
nic c
o
nv
er
t
er
co
ns
idera
t
io
ns
in s
o
la
r
-
po
wer
ed
E
VCS
s
it
ing
Po
wer
-
elec
tr
o
n
ic
in
ter
f
ac
es
ar
e
ce
n
tr
al
to
th
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
o
f
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
E
VC
S,
with
co
n
v
er
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
y
s
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
g
r
id
ac
ce
s
s
,
an
d
f
ee
d
er
d
is
tan
ce
.
DC
–
DC
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
MPPT
an
d
v
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ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
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ile
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ir
ec
tio
n
al
DC
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i
n
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ter
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en
ab
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g
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ter
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tio
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d
V2
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Sit
in
g
co
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d
itio
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s
in
f
lu
en
ce
co
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v
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t
er
s
izin
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th
er
m
al
d
esig
n
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n
d
co
n
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ig
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r
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,
with
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n
ec
ted
s
y
s
tem
s
p
r
io
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itizin
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b
id
ir
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tio
n
al
c
o
n
tr
o
l
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
an
d
o
f
f
-
g
r
id
s
y
s
tem
s
r
ely
in
g
o
n
m
u
lti
-
s
tag
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
with
s
to
r
ag
e
f
o
r
s
tab
ilit
y
.
I
n
te
g
r
atin
g
co
n
v
er
ter
p
a
r
am
eter
s
with
s
p
atial
v
ar
iab
les
in
s
it
in
g
m
o
d
els
en
h
an
ce
s
tech
n
ical
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
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,
co
n
tr
o
l stab
ilit
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,
an
d
s
y
s
tem
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
,
PV
-
in
teg
r
ated
E
V
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
s
m
ay
o
p
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ate
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n
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er
s
ev
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g
ical
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d
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o
wer
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f
lo
w
ar
r
a
n
g
em
en
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
illu
s
tr
ates
d
ir
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t
PV
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to
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E
V
ch
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n
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th
r
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h
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ap
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iate
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ad
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o
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ay
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em
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Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
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p
r
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a
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atter
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f
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er
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Fig
u
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e
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s
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g
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n
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ted
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ig
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r
atio
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ich
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en
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d
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ated
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u
tili
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u
p
p
o
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t
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ce
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lex
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ilit
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Fig
u
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e
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(
d
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h
ig
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ts
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ality
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ile,
Fig
u
r
e
s
7(
e
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an
d
7
(
f
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esc
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ib
e
r
e
p
r
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tativ
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e
s
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Fig
u
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e
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in
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icate
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at
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ical
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d
s
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ly
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atial
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ter
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s
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r
eq
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ir
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g
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ter
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ateg
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d
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tan
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g
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l
o
w
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p
o
lo
g
y
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s
o
lar
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p
o
wer
e
d
E
VC
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is
v
ital
f
o
r
lin
k
in
g
s
itin
g
d
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is
io
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s
with
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n
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er
ter
d
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n
an
d
en
e
r
g
y
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
Dep
en
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g
o
n
co
n
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ig
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g
y
m
ay
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l
o
w
th
r
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g
h
d
is
tin
ct
p
ath
way
s
,
af
f
ec
tin
g
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n
v
er
ter
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izin
g
,
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n
tr
o
l
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m
p
lex
ity
,
a
n
d
g
r
id
in
ter
ac
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
i
llu
s
tr
ates
th
e
m
ain
p
o
wer
f
lo
w
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
s
in
s
o
lar
E
VC
S sy
s
tem
s
.
-
PV
→
C
o
n
v
er
ter
→
E
V
(
Dir
ec
t
C
h
ar
g
in
g
)
:
PV
en
e
r
g
y
is
c
o
n
v
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ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
DC
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s
tag
e
f
o
r
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u
latio
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r
e
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ir
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tly
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h
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g
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Vs
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l f
o
r
h
ig
h
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r
r
a
d
ian
ce
s
ites
with
m
in
im
al
g
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id
r
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ce
.
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PV
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atter
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→
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(
B
u
f
f
er
ed
C
h
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g
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g
)
:
Su
r
p
lu
s
s
o
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s
to
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ed
in
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atter
ies
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d
later
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s
ed
f
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ch
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r
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g
s
u
p
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l
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r
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d
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; su
itab
le
f
o
r
s
em
i
-
u
r
b
an
o
r
o
f
f
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g
r
id
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y
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tem
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.
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n
v
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ter
→
Gr
id
(
V2
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:
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n
g
r
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d
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etu
p
s
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atter
ies
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p
o
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g
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to
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e
g
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b
id
ir
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ter
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ad
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ch
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with
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E
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E
1
5
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a
n
d
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6
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8
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ar
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.
Fig
u
r
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8
p
r
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ts
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f
ied
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r
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m
ewo
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s
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s
with
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wer
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cs
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ar
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o
r
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E
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lan
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T
h
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f
r
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m
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ates
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tio
n
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b
ased
cr
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with
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ter
co
n
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ig
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o
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ith
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h
r
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h
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.
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