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DC
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s
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p
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s
tem
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
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g
y
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f
f
icien
cy
[
1
]
.
On
e
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m
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ch
allen
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t
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in
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d
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s
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m
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.
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r
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p
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f
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m
ed
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s
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g
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s
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co
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v
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s
,
wh
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e
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p
lo
y
ed
to
en
h
a
n
ce
p
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wer
q
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ty
an
d
m
in
im
ize
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
.
Var
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s
m
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s
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n
d
i
n
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o
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s
h
a
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e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
PF
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
I
n
ter
lea
v
ed
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
in
v
o
lv
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s
e
o
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m
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ltip
le
b
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s
t
co
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ter
s
tag
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ce
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cto
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lu
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N:
2088
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8
6
9
4
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f sli
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co
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1189
m
in
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g
th
e
in
p
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ip
p
le.
Pro
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cu
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r
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t
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g
in
in
ter
leav
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cial,
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tiv
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[
4
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.
Fo
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ase
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/D
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s
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ter
n
al
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tain
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[
5
]
.
Sev
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ased
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s
u
ch
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c
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ter
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ig
h
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p
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s
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co
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p
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im
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ity
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icien
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an
d
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ec
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[
6
]
.
T
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ch
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s
p
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k
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l
(
PC
MC),
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er
ag
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r
r
en
t
m
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d
e
co
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tr
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(
AC
MC),
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c
y
cle
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tr
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l
(
OC
C
)
ar
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em
p
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ed
in
b
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s
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s
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m
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s
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,
p
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ase
co
n
v
er
ter
s
o
p
er
atin
g
i
n
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
s
in
g
le
-
s
tag
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
s
u
ch
as
b
o
o
s
t
-
ty
p
e
s
in
g
le
-
s
tag
e
r
eso
n
an
t
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
s
,
co
m
b
i
n
es
b
o
o
s
t
an
d
r
eso
n
a
n
t
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
in
a
s
in
g
le
to
p
o
lo
g
y
to
s
im
p
lify
th
e
s
y
s
tem
an
d
en
h
an
ce
ef
f
icien
cy
b
y
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
tag
es
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
f
ly
b
ac
k
an
d
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
e
n
ab
les
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
n
ew
s
in
g
le
-
s
tag
e
AC
/D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
h
ig
h
PF
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
r
eg
u
latio
n
u
s
in
g
m
in
im
al
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
lead
in
g
to
im
p
r
o
v
ed
o
v
er
all
ef
f
icien
c
y
[
9
]
.
An
o
th
er
im
p
o
r
tan
t
ch
allen
g
e
is
m
ain
t
ain
in
g
a
s
tab
le
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
u
n
d
er
s
u
d
d
en
lo
ad
v
ar
iatio
n
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
r
elia
b
le
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
u
n
d
e
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
1
0
]
.
An
SMC
is
u
s
ed
to
m
a
n
ag
e
t
h
e
in
h
e
r
en
t
u
n
ce
r
tain
ties
o
f
b
u
ck
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
s
,
s
u
ch
as
v
a
r
iab
le
r
esis
tiv
e
lo
ad
s
a
n
d
in
p
u
t
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
e
n
s
u
r
es
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
s
tab
ilit
y
b
y
s
u
p
p
r
ess
in
g
in
p
u
t
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
an
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
l
o
ad
v
ar
iatio
n
s
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
b
u
c
k
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
,
th
e
d
io
d
e
is
r
ep
lace
d
with
a
MO
SF
E
T
,
wh
ich
en
h
a
n
ce
s
ef
f
icien
cy
o
v
e
r
a
b
r
o
a
d
o
p
er
atin
g
r
an
g
e.
T
h
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
MO
SF
E
T
r
ed
u
ce
s
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
lo
s
s
es
d
u
r
in
g
s
witch
in
g
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
asy
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
d
esig
n
s
th
at
tr
ad
itio
n
ally
u
s
e
d
io
d
es
[
1
2
]
.
B
u
ck
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
er
s
o
f
ten
in
co
r
p
o
r
ate
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
an
d
f
ee
d
f
o
r
wa
r
d
co
n
t
r
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
m
ain
tain
tig
h
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
g
u
latio
n
u
n
d
e
r
v
ar
y
in
g
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
m
an
ag
i
n
g
tr
an
s
ien
t
r
esp
o
n
s
es
an
d
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
t
h
e
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
m
ai
n
tain
s
th
e
d
esire
d
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
d
es
p
ite
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
in
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
r
l
o
ad
ch
a
n
g
es
[
1
3
]
.
Ad
v
a
n
ce
d
a
p
p
licat
io
n
s
m
ay
u
s
e
a
s
in
g
le
-
in
d
u
ct
o
r
m
u
ltip
le
-
o
u
tp
u
t
(
SIM
O)
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
in
w
h
ich
o
n
e
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
m
u
ltip
le
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tly
r
eg
u
l
ated
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
m
in
im
izes
th
e
c
o
s
t
an
d
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
m
a
k
in
g
it
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
co
m
p
lex
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
u
ltip
le
v
o
ltag
e
lev
els
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
s
h
o
ws
th
at
alth
o
u
g
h
m
u
ltip
le
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
in
d
iv
id
u
ally
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
PF
co
n
tr
o
l
in
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
g
u
latio
n
in
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
f
ew
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
in
teg
r
ate
d
b
o
th
s
tr
ateg
ies
u
s
in
g
a
co
m
m
o
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
b
o
th
b
o
o
s
t
an
d
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tag
es
u
n
d
e
r
a
s
in
g
le
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
h
as
s
ca
r
ce
ly
b
ee
n
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e,
an
d
m
o
s
t
p
r
io
r
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
s
in
g
le
-
s
tag
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
,
b
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
o
n
ly
[
1
4
]
)
.
T
h
is
in
teg
r
atio
n
is
esp
ec
ially
r
elev
an
t in
ca
s
ca
d
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
es o
r
h
y
b
r
id
to
p
o
lo
g
ies,
wh
e
r
e
en
e
r
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
s
ig
n
al
q
u
ali
ty
ar
e
p
r
io
r
itized
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
two
w
ash
o
u
t
f
ilter
s
tr
ateg
ies:
a
PF
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
ap
p
lied
t
o
th
e
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
a
v
o
lt
ag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
a
p
p
li
ed
to
th
e
b
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Un
li
k
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
ap
p
lied
th
e
SMC
to
ea
ch
co
n
v
er
ter
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tly
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
in
teg
r
ates
th
e
SMC
b
a
s
ed
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
.
Ma
n
y
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
a
p
p
li
ed
SMC
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
s
in
g
le
-
s
tag
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
Or
tiz
-
C
astrilló
n
et
al.
im
p
lem
en
ted
SMC
in
a
s
em
i
-
b
r
id
g
eless
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
with
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
an
d
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
ts
o
v
e
r
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
PI
co
n
tr
o
l
[
1
5
]
.
Similar
ly
,
Ham
ed
et
a
l.
ac
h
iev
ed
r
o
b
u
s
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
in
a
b
u
ck
co
n
v
e
r
ter
u
s
in
g
SMC
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
d
u
al
-
s
tag
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
es
co
n
s
is
ten
t
co
n
tr
o
l b
eh
av
i
o
r
,
im
p
r
o
v
ed
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
ed
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
ch
ain
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
was
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
Simu
lin
k
,
an
d
th
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
was
an
aly
ze
d
in
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
o
p
er
atin
g
s
ce
n
a
r
io
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
m
o
r
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
b
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
an
SMC
-
b
ased
co
n
t
r
o
l
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
th
at
o
p
tim
izes
en
er
g
y
u
s
e
a
n
d
im
p
r
o
v
es
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilit
y
u
n
d
e
r
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
o
p
er
at
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
p
r
es
en
t
th
e
m
ath
em
atica
l
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
an
SMC
,
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
PS
I
M,
an
d
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
Un
lik
e
m
o
s
t
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
ad
d
r
ess
eith
er
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
as
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
in
t
r
o
d
u
c
es
a
u
n
if
ied
d
u
al
-
s
tag
e
SMC
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
b
ased
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
ap
p
lied
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
to
b
o
th
b
o
o
s
t
an
d
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
s
in
a
ca
s
ca
d
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
e.
T
h
e
s
am
e
co
n
tr
o
l
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
y
,
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
r
ejec
tio
n
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
,
an
d
s
tab
ilit
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
w
er
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
b
o
th
s
tag
es,
allo
win
g
co
n
s
is
ten
t
d
y
n
am
ic
b
eh
av
io
r
an
d
m
o
d
u
la
r
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
.
T
o
th
e
b
est
o
f
o
u
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
th
e
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
wash
o
u
t
-
f
ilter
ed
SMC
f
o
r
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
g
u
latio
n
in
a
b
o
o
s
t
–
b
u
ck
ca
s
ca
d
e
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
ex
p
licitly
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
.
T
h
is
d
u
al
-
s
tag
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
is
th
e
m
ain
n
o
v
elty
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
1
1
8
8
-
1198
1190
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
cl
o
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
AC
/DC
b
o
o
s
t
–
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
t
er
with
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
an
d
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
.
T
h
is
f
ig
u
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
p
lete
s
ch
em
atic
im
p
l
em
en
ted
in
PS
I
M,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
s
,
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t p
o
in
ts
,
an
d
PW
M
g
en
er
atio
n
.
On
th
e
lef
t sid
e,
th
e
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
s
tag
e
is
im
p
lem
en
ted
at
th
e
AC
in
p
u
t,
wh
e
r
e
a
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
ase
A
C
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
is
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
a
d
io
d
e
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tifie
r
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
th
is
s
tag
e
is
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
(
)
r
em
ain
s
in
p
h
ase
with
th
e
r
ec
tifie
d
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
(
)
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
PF
.
T
h
e
ce
n
t
r
al
b
lo
c
k
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
t
o
a
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
th
at
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
lev
el
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
tifie
r
.
I
n
th
is
s
tag
e,
o
n
ly
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
(
1
)
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
,
f
o
r
c
in
g
it
to
tr
ac
k
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
tifie
d
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
law
o
f
th
e
SMC
b
ased
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
h
ig
h
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
ag
ain
s
t
lo
ad
v
ar
iatio
n
s
an
d
e
x
ter
n
al
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
I
n
th
e
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tag
e,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
i
s
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tly
r
eg
u
lated
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
is
d
eleg
ated
to
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
b
u
ck
s
tag
e.
On
th
e
r
ig
h
t
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
a
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
is
im
p
lem
en
ted
to
s
te
p
d
o
wn
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
th
e
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
te
r
an
d
r
e
g
u
late
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
a
d
esire
d
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
v
alu
e
.
Ag
ain
,
an
SMC
b
ased
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
il
ter
is
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
p
o
wer
s
witch
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
(
2
)
r
em
ain
s
well
-
r
eg
u
lated
,
e
v
en
u
n
d
er
f
ast an
d
ab
r
u
p
t l
o
ad
ch
a
n
g
es.
T
h
is
d
u
al
-
s
tag
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
e
n
a
b
les
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
o
b
jectiv
es:
i)
ac
tiv
e
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
at
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
ii)
ac
cu
r
ate
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
at
th
e
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
.
W
ith
th
is
ar
c
h
itectu
r
e,
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
lo
ad
s
ca
n
b
e
co
n
n
ec
te
d
to
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
wh
i
le
m
ain
tain
in
g
h
ig
h
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
p
o
wer
-
q
u
ality
co
m
p
lian
ce
at
th
e
g
r
i
d
in
ter
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
ap
p
lied
in
b
o
th
s
tag
es
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
o
u
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
ts
o
f
SMC
s
with
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
,
as
r
ep
o
r
ted
an
d
v
alid
ated
i
n
[
1
7
]
-
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
ese
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
h
ig
h
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
ag
ain
s
t
p
ar
am
eter
u
n
ce
r
tain
ties
an
d
ex
ter
n
al
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
s
,
m
ak
in
g
th
em
s
u
i
tab
le
f
o
r
p
r
ac
tical
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ics ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
in
clu
d
ed
a
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
ase
AC
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
(
1
0
Vr
m
s
,
6
0
Hz)
,
a
f
u
ll
-
b
r
id
g
e
d
io
d
e
r
ec
tifie
r
,
a
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
f
o
r
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
,
a
n
d
a
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
.
B
o
t
h
co
n
v
er
ter
s
o
p
e
r
ated
in
th
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
an
d
wer
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
u
s
in
g
an
SMC
with
a
wa
s
h
o
u
t
f
ilter
.
T
h
e
s
witch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
f
o
r
b
o
th
s
tag
es
was
s
et
to
5
k
Hz,
an
d
id
ea
l
p
o
wer
s
witch
e
s
wer
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Vo
ltag
e
a
n
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
wer
e
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
PS
I
M
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
f
ed
b
ac
k
to
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
s
,
wh
ich
im
p
lem
en
te
d
s
lid
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
es a
n
d
PW
M
g
en
er
atio
n
.
2
.
1
.
Co
ntr
o
l desig
n
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
two
co
n
n
ec
ted
cir
c
u
its
,
th
e
b
o
o
s
t
cir
cu
it
r
ec
eiv
es
th
e
in
p
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
AC
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
with
a
d
io
d
e
r
ec
tifie
r
b
r
id
g
e,
a
n
d
its
o
u
tp
u
t
is
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
t
o
a
b
u
ck
cir
cu
it,
wh
ich
ta
k
es
th
is
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
s
it
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
.
T
wo
c
o
n
tr
o
ls
ar
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
two
c
o
n
tr
o
ls
,
o
n
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
cir
cu
it
,
wh
er
ein
a
s
lid
er
co
n
tr
o
l
(
wash
o
u
t)
is
ap
p
lied
to
b
o
th
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
PF
w
as
co
r
r
ec
ted
f
o
r
th
e
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
an
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
cir
c
u
it f
o
r
t
h
e
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
lo
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
AC
/DC
b
o
o
s
t
-
b
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
with
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f sli
d
in
g
co
n
t
r
o
l wi
th
w
a
s
h
o
u
t filter
in
b
o
o
s
t
…
(
E
s
teb
a
n
F
ló
r
ez Urr
eg
o
)
1191
2
.
2
.
L
y
a
pu
no
v
s
t
a
bil
it
y
a
na
ly
s
is
A
f
o
r
m
al
L
y
a
p
u
n
o
v
-
b
ased
s
tab
ilit
y
an
aly
s
is
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
f
o
r
b
o
th
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tag
es
to
g
u
ar
an
te
e
g
lo
b
al
asy
m
p
to
tic
s
tab
ilit
y
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
ag
ain
s
t
p
ar
am
ete
r
u
n
ce
r
tain
ties
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
a
p
r
ac
tical
co
n
t
r
o
ller
-
tu
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
f
in
ite
-
tim
e
co
n
v
er
g
en
c
e
wh
ile
m
itig
atin
g
ch
atter
in
g
ef
f
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SMC
s
tr
ateg
y
was
v
er
if
ied
u
s
in
g
L
y
ap
u
n
o
v
th
eo
r
y
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
s
lid
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
e
(
)
=
,
wh
er
e
is
th
e
s
tate
v
ec
to
r
an
d
d
ef
in
es
th
e
s
lid
in
g
co
ef
f
i
cien
ts
,
th
e
L
y
ap
u
n
o
v
ca
n
d
id
a
te
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
ch
o
s
en
as
=
1
2
2
.
I
ts
tim
e
d
er
i
v
ativ
e
alo
n
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
tr
ajec
to
r
ies
is
g
iv
en
b
y
̇
=
̇
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
law
en
s
u
r
es
th
at
̇
<
0
f
o
r
all
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
wh
ic
h
im
p
lies
asy
m
p
to
tic
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
to
th
e
s
lid
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
e
an
d
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilit
y
in
th
e
s
en
s
e
o
f
L
y
ap
u
n
o
v
.
T
h
e
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
r
ejec
tio
n
b
y
atten
u
atin
g
lo
w
-
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
p
r
eser
v
in
g
th
e
s
lid
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
ev
en
u
n
d
er
in
p
u
t a
n
d
lo
ad
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
d
esig
n
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
g
u
ar
an
tees
g
lo
b
al
s
tab
ilit
y
with
in
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
r
an
g
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
[
2
1
]
.
T
o
v
er
i
f
y
t
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SMC
b
ased
o
n
a
was
h
o
u
t
f
ilter
in
b
o
th
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tag
es,
th
e
L
y
ap
u
n
o
v
m
eth
o
d
was a
p
p
lied
u
s
in
g
a
v
e
r
ag
ed
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
(
C
C
M)
m
o
d
els
[
1
9
]
.
2
.
2
.
1
.
B
uck
c
o
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
av
er
a
g
ed
s
tate
-
s
p
ac
e
eq
u
a
tio
n
s
ar
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
in
(
1
)
[
2
0
]
.
̇
=
−
,
̇
=
−
(
1
)
T
h
e
s
lid
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
e
is
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
(
2
)
.
=
1
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p
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8
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.
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,
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T
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co
n
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w
in
(
9
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was u
s
ed
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
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s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
1
1
8
8
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1198
1192
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−
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05
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2
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2
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3
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Wa
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E
ac
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t f
ilter
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as e
x
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r
ess
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in
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1
1
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[
2
1
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.
̇
=
1
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−
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̃
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1
1
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T
h
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ter
m
=
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ms
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T
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g
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te
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ati
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co
n
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ir
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in
g
g
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th
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ilter
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d
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ics
a
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d
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T
h
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t
f
ilter
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s
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d
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m
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ess
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th
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tead
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s
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r
if
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h
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s
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r
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a
n
ce
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tio
n
with
o
u
t
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
i
n
g
s
tab
ilit
y
.
T
h
ese
an
aly
tical
r
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lts
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with
th
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im
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latio
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r
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,
v
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th
e
r
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b
u
s
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ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
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SMC
b
ased
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a
wash
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u
t f
ilte
r
[
1
1
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
2
.
3
.
Co
ntr
o
ller
t
uning
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
p
ar
am
eter
s
we
r
e
s
elec
ted
to
g
u
ar
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f
ast
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n
v
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to
th
e
s
lid
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g
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f
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wh
ile
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tain
in
g
r
o
b
u
s
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ess
ag
ain
s
t
p
ar
am
eter
u
n
ce
r
tain
ties
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
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g
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1
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d
s
witch
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g
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2
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ir
ically
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o
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T
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ilter
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eq
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g
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e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
esp
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n
s
e.
T
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g
p
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s
f
o
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cr
iter
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2
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∣
(
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wh
er
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(
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ep
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tain
ti
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th
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lid
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eg
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n
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en
s
u
r
in
g
̇
<
0
ac
r
o
s
s
all
o
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er
atin
g
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o
i
n
ts
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
p
r
ac
tical
b
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etwe
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th
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r
o
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u
s
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ess
,
r
esp
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n
s
e
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
s
tab
ilit
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m
a
r
g
i
n
s
[
1
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
2
.
4
.
P
F
co
ntr
o
l
(
bo
o
s
t
co
nv
e
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er
)
I
n
i
t
i
a
ll
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h
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AC
v
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t
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o
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w
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r
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w
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u
s
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o
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e
a
r
c
h
f
o
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a
PF
c
l
o
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e
t
o
1
.
W
h
e
n
m
e
a
s
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
u
r
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e
n
t
t
h
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n
t
e
r
s
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h
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
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r
(
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
c
u
r
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n
t
)
,
t
h
i
s
s
a
m
p
l
e
i
s
s
e
n
t
t
o
a
s
u
b
t
r
a
c
ti
n
g
o
p
e
r
a
t
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o
n
a
l
a
m
p
li
f
i
e
r
.
S
u
b
s
e
q
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e
n
t
l
y
,
wh
en
b
o
th
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
(
m
ea
s
u
r
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an
d
r
e
f
er
en
ce
)
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
,
th
e
er
r
o
r
is
ca
lcu
lated
as sh
o
wn
in
(
1
2
)
.
=
ℎ
(
)
=
−
+
(
−
)
=
0
(
1
2
)
=
{
−
=
0
,
ℎ
(
)
>
0
+
=
1
,
ℎ
(
)
<
0
(
1
3
)
T
h
e
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
al
is
co
n
v
er
te
d
in
to
a
PW
M
s
ig
n
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at
e
n
ab
les
th
e
MO
SF
E
T
to
s
witch
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th
er
e
b
y
m
o
d
if
y
in
g
t
h
e
ch
a
r
g
e
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
cy
cles
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
.
T
h
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
er
r
o
r
,
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
er
th
e
d
u
ty
c
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cle.
T
h
er
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o
r
e,
th
e
m
ea
s
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r
ed
cu
r
r
e
n
t w
as a
d
ju
s
ted
to
b
e
as c
lo
s
e
as p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
th
e
r
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er
e
n
ce
cu
r
r
en
t.
=
(
−
)
(
1
4
)
∫
=
∫
(
−
)
→
=
∫
(
−
)
(
1
5
)
W
h
en
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
cu
r
r
e
n
t
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
to
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
,
b
o
th
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
ar
e
in
p
h
ase,
wh
ich
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ics,
th
at
is
,
r
ed
u
ce
s
n
o
is
e
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
en
ab
les
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
u
p
p
lied
en
er
g
y
,
a
n
d
b
r
i
n
g
s
th
e
PF
clo
s
er
to
1
[
2
3
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f sli
d
in
g
co
n
t
r
o
l wi
th
w
a
s
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t filter
in
b
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(
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s
teb
a
n
F
ló
r
ez Urr
eg
o
)
1193
2
.
5
.
Vo
l
t
a
g
e
c
o
ntr
o
l (
bu
ck
)
T
h
e
b
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
also
u
s
es
an
SMC
with
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
.
Ho
wev
er
,
i
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
it
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
ates
b
o
th
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
its
d
esire
d
r
ef
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e
n
ce
,
as
th
e
m
ain
o
b
ject
iv
e
is
to
m
ain
tain
a
co
n
s
tan
t
v
o
ltag
e
lev
el.
B
y
in
c
lu
d
in
g
th
is
in
f
o
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(
2
)
c
o
n
v
er
g
in
g
to
its
r
ef
er
en
ce
i
n
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
3
7
.
5
m
s
)
,
m
ai
n
tain
in
g
a
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
r
ip
p
le
with
in
2
9
.
7
6
5
6
Vd
c
an
d
3
0
.
0
6
8
4
Vd
c.
T
h
is
v
alid
ates th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
th
e
b
u
c
k
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
d
er
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
DC
lin
k
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f sli
d
in
g
co
n
t
r
o
l wi
th
w
a
s
h
o
u
t filter
in
b
o
o
s
t
…
(
E
s
teb
a
n
F
ló
r
ez Urr
eg
o
)
1195
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Sy
s
tem
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
i
n
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
: (
)
,
(
)
,
(
1
)
,
(
1
)
,
an
d
(
2
)
3
.
3
.
Co
m
pa
ra
t
iv
e
d
is
cus
s
io
n
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
is
s
tu
d
y
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
th
e
SMC
b
ased
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
,
it
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
co
n
s
id
er
its
r
elativ
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ag
ain
s
t
o
th
er
s
tr
ateg
ies.
C
la
s
s
ical
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
s
u
ch
as
PI
an
d
PID
,
o
f
f
er
s
im
p
licity
b
u
t
s
u
f
f
e
r
f
r
o
m
l
i
m
i
te
d
r
o
b
u
s
t
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
s
l
o
w
t
r
a
n
s
i
e
n
t
r
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
u
n
d
e
r
n
o
n
l
i
n
e
a
r
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
[
2
4
]
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
f
u
zz
y
l
o
g
ic
an
d
m
o
d
el
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
(
MPC
)
,
en
h
an
ce
a
d
ap
tab
ilit
y
b
u
t
in
cr
ea
s
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
co
m
p
lex
ity
a
n
d
tu
n
in
g
r
eq
u
i
r
e
m
en
ts
[
2
5
]
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SMC
b
ased
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
ac
h
ie
v
es
a
b
alan
ce
d
tr
ad
e
-
o
f
f
b
etwe
en
s
i
m
p
licity
,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
as e
v
id
e
n
ce
d
in
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
o
n
em
b
ed
d
e
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
,
s
u
ch
a
s
STM
3
2
o
r
T
I
C
2
0
0
0
DSPs
,
wh
ich
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
u
f
f
icien
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
p
ee
d
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
-
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
PW
M
co
n
tr
o
l.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
a
ty
p
ical
s
witch
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
2
0
–
5
0
k
Hz,
a
s
am
p
lin
g
p
er
i
o
d
o
f
less
th
an
1
0
μ
s
,
an
d
a
PW
M
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
1
0
–
1
2
b
its
is
s
u
f
f
icien
t
to
g
u
ar
an
tee
a
s
tab
le
s
l
id
in
g
m
o
tio
n
.
T
h
e
im
p
lem
en
ta
tio
n
laten
cy
,
wh
ich
is
d
o
m
in
ated
b
y
th
e
ADC
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
an
d
in
ter
r
u
p
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
ca
n
r
em
ain
b
elo
w
5
μ
s
in
o
p
tim
ized
f
ir
m
war
e,
th
er
eb
y
e
n
ab
lin
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
co
n
tr
o
l
[
2
6
]
.
Fu
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
will
in
v
o
lv
e
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SMC
b
ased
o
n
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
o
n
a
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
p
latf
o
r
m
to
v
alid
ate
its
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
p
lan
n
e
d
r
o
ad
m
a
p
in
clu
d
es
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
:
i)
D
i
s
cr
etiza
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
laws
f
o
r
d
ig
ital
ex
ec
u
tio
n
;
ii)
D
e
p
lo
y
m
en
t
o
n
a
DS
P
o
r
FP
G
A
d
ev
ice,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
T
I
T
MS3
2
0
F2
8
3
7
9
D
o
r
Xilin
x
Z
y
n
q
,
to
h
an
d
le
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
s
witch
in
g
;
iii)
D
e
s
ig
n
o
f
s
ig
n
al
-
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
g
cir
cu
its
f
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
;
iv
)
I
m
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
PW
M
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
tim
in
g
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
iza
tio
n
;
an
d
v
)
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
v
alid
atio
n
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
in
g
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
is
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
will
allo
w
th
e
ass
es
s
m
en
t o
f
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
b
eh
av
io
r
,
ef
f
icien
cy
,
an
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
th
er
eb
y
b
r
id
g
in
g
th
e
g
ap
b
etwe
en
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
h
ar
d
war
e
r
ea
lizatio
n
[
2
7
]
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
q
u
a
n
t
itativ
e
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
an
d
tr
an
s
ien
t
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
etr
ics
co
u
ld
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
an
d
r
ep
o
r
ted
to
co
m
p
lem
en
t
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
r
o
ad
m
ap
in
clu
d
es
r
e
-
ex
ec
u
tin
g
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
els
to
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
HD)
,
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
ef
f
icien
cy
,
an
d
lo
ad
-
s
tep
r
ec
o
v
e
r
y
tim
e,
as
well
as
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
ex
p
e
r
im
en
tal
test
s
o
n
th
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
p
latf
o
r
m
to
co
n
f
ir
m
th
e
r
esu
lts
u
n
d
e
r
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
ac
tiv
ities
will
en
ab
le
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
o
f
s
im
u
latio
n
a
n
d
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
o
u
tco
m
es
an
d
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
ef
i
n
itiv
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
an
d
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
1
1
8
8
-
1198
1196
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
its
d
y
n
am
ic
a
n
d
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l m
eth
o
d
co
n
t
r
ib
u
tes to
co
n
v
er
ter
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
in
h
e
r
en
t
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
th
e
SMC
m
iti
g
ates
o
v
er
cu
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
o
v
e
r
v
o
ltag
e
tr
a
n
s
ien
ts
,
th
er
eb
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
th
e
r
m
al
s
tr
ess
o
n
th
e
p
o
wer
s
witch
es.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
th
e
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
s
witch
in
g
p
atter
n
en
s
u
r
es
lo
w
E
MI
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
,
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
co
n
v
er
ter
l
if
esp
an
an
d
c
o
m
p
lian
ce
with
g
r
id
-
in
ter
f
ac
in
g
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
n
a
ls
o
b
e
ex
ten
d
ed
to
m
u
ltis
tag
e
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
ch
itectu
r
es,
s
u
ch
as
tr
ip
le
-
s
tag
e
o
r
s
in
g
le
-
in
p
u
t
m
u
ltip
le
-
o
u
tp
u
t
(
SIM
O)
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
.
Du
e
to
its
m
o
d
u
lar
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
d
ec
o
u
p
le
d
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
co
n
t
r
o
l,
th
e
SMC
n
atu
r
ally
s
ca
les
to
ca
s
ca
d
ed
s
y
s
tem
s
,
m
ain
tain
in
g
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
an
d
a
f
ast
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
Fu
tu
r
e
s
tu
d
ies
will
ev
alu
ate
th
ese
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
to
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
an
d
m
o
d
u
lar
in
te
g
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
a
lig
n
s
with
k
e
y
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
I
E
E
E
5
1
9
f
o
r
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
an
d
PF
lim
its
,
I
E
C
6
1
0
0
0
f
o
r
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
co
m
p
atib
ilit
y
(
E
MC),
an
d
I
E
C
6
1
8
0
0
-
5
-
1
f
o
r
co
n
v
er
ter
s
af
ety
.
T
h
e
ac
h
iev
ed
n
ea
r
-
u
n
ity
PF
an
d
lo
w
cu
r
r
en
t
d
is
to
r
tio
n
m
ee
t
th
e
I
E
E
E
5
1
9
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
,
wh
er
ea
s
th
e
wash
o
u
t
-
f
ilter
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
co
n
t
r
ib
u
tes
to
r
ed
u
ce
d
E
MI
.
Fu
tu
r
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
v
alid
atio
n
will
f
u
r
th
er
co
n
f
ir
m
t
h
e
co
m
p
lian
ce
m
ar
g
in
s
f
o
r
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le,
ef
f
icien
cy
,
an
d
s
witch
in
g
s
tr
ess
[
2
9
]
-
[
3
1
]
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ted
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
a
b
o
o
s
t
–
b
u
c
k
AC
/DC
co
n
v
er
s
i
o
n
s
y
s
tem
co
n
tr
o
lled
u
s
in
g
an
SMC
wit
h
a
wash
o
u
t
f
ilter
.
T
h
e
m
ain
o
b
jectiv
es
wer
e
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
ac
t
iv
e
PF
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
i
n
g
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
u
n
d
er
lo
ad
an
d
d
y
n
am
ic
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
Op
en
-
lo
o
p
test
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
t
h
e
in
h
er
en
t
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
th
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