When studying applied physics: what problems are there, and do pre-service physics teachers need?

Abstract

Applied physics courses are essential for pre-service physics teachers (PsPTs), but they often encounter challenges in pursuing this educational pathway. This study aims to identify the problems and learning elements that PsPTs need in applied physics learning using the McKillip discrepancy model. The data were collected using questionnaires and bibliometric techniques. A total of 23 PsPTs participated in the study. Additionally, 1,000 articles were consulted as a data source. The data analysis uses descriptive statistics and the VOSviewer software. The first finding is primary issues identified in applied physics learning e.g., the difficulty of locating suitable learning resources, the dearth of in-depth physics comprehension, the absence of visualization like augmented reality (AR), the failure to undertake empirical activities in the laboratory, and global warming and climate change topic were pertinent at the high school level, entailed intricate issues, and were abstract. The second finding is a learning module that is integrated with science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and AR is needed by PsPTs. Finally, this need has been paramount over the past decade to meet PsPTs' needs. Thus, the needs analysis results serve as an initial reference point for decision-makers to identify elements and develop integrated STEM and AR applied physics learning modules.