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29,922 Article Results

Facial image analysis for autism spectrum disorder detection in toddlers using deep learning and transfer learning

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4856-4864
Anupam Das , Prasant Kumar Pattnaik , Anjan Bandyopadhyay
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological illness that manifests itself through restricted and repeated activity patterns, frivolous or recidivist interests or hobbies and consistent handicaps to social interactions and exchanges. Better results and early intervention are dependent upon the early identification of people with ASD. Doctors employ a variety of techniques to anticipate autism, including genetic testing, neuropsychological testing, hearing and vision screenings, and diagnostic interviews. In addition to requiring more time and money, the traditional diagnosis approach makes the parents of children with extensive developmental abnormalities feel too inadequate to disclose their condition. So, we need a tool that can detect autism early in less time and money. Machine learning methods can be used to fulfill this criterion. In this study, deep learning with transfer learning (VGG-16) is used to detect autism through facial images of children and achieved almost 97% accuracy. The suggested model significantly improves accuracy and saves time and money by using face features in photos of children to identify early autism tendencies in children.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4856-4864
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Reflective writing skills among pre service teachers: a scoping review

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.28620
J. A. Mary Kumari , G. S. Prakasha
Reflection is a soul-searching process. It is an innate ability to delve down the memory lane to judge a reaction to a particular situation as right or wrong as a response. The positive reactions are reinforced and the ineffective negative ones are relinquished. Developing reflective skills among preservice teachers include regular reflective practice sessions. They have to painstakingly record all their reflections after the delivery of each lesson as part of their curriculum along with other reflective practice opportunities. This effort should lead to evolution of professional practitioner in the long run. Although, there are factors affecting its development, preservice teachers seem to do it more monotonously without much reflective learning. Their reflective writing skills are way behind the expected level. This study adopts the research design outline advocated by Arksey and O’Malley. The study appraised the research studies conducted from 2015 to 2024 as a part of scoping review. The study throws light on the various aspects related to the teacher-trainees’ reflective writing skills. Future studies may focus on empirical validation of the reflective writing skills among preservice teachers.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3801-3811
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Educational innovation in elementary school: a bibliometric analysis

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33271
Johanna Gallego Alvarez , Lina Rosa Parra Bernal , Vladimir Henao Cespedes
This article presents the results of a bibliometric analysis to answer the research question: What educational innovations have been applied worldwide and published in articles in indexed journals? There were 83 Scopus records obtained, of which, after applying the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology, 6 were excluded, obtaining a total of 77 articles for analysis. This analysis focused on trends such as annual productivity, geographic distribution, most relevant journals, thematic areas, and co-occurrence of author keywords. Subsequently, a review of the 10 most relevant articles on the subject was carried out. A decrease in productivity was observed during 2021, the year after the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, educational innovation has been articulated with different areas of knowledge. The analysis of the documents highlights the need to train teachers in using tools that facilitate the integration of educational innovation in the classroom. It is recommended that future studies based on the geographic distribution of academic productivity explore the different experiences these countries have had in incorporating educational innovation in the classroom and analyze the public policies that have promoted it.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3418-3427
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Strategic integration of social media in information technology sector communication: designing effective practices

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4653-4661
Benu Kesar , Shaji Joseph
This paper explores the transformative role of social media in enhancing communication and workflow efficiency within the information technology (IT) sector. We have introduced the adaptive social media for information technology collaboration (ASMIT) framework. Its goal is to provide a holistic strategy for digital transformation in the IT sector. Employing a mixed method approach, the research combines a systematic literature review with case study of HCL Technologies. Thematic analysis categorizes findings under five core pillars of the ASMIT framework. Results indicate that AI-driven tools, when embedded within collaborative social media platforms, significantly enhance organizational agility, project coordination, and security. The study contributes to IT scholarship by bridging technological integration with human-centered collaboration strategies.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4653-4661
Publish at: 2025-10-01

The role of student leadership in academic achievement: a pathway to framework development

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.34569
John Michael D. Aquino , Christian P. San Luis
Leadership is widely recognized in fostering personal development and academic achievement of every student. This study explores the relationship between leadership involvement and academic performance, identifying influencing factors, best practices, and a framework for development. Using a mixed-method approach with concurrent triangulation, 179 randomly selected undergraduate student leaders completed a validated survey analyzed through Spearman’s rank-order correlation, while 12 purposively selected participants underwent semi-structured interviews analyzed thematically. Findings show a strong positive correlation (rs=0.744, p<0.001) between leadership involvement and academic achievement. Leadership fosters skill development, personal growth, motivation, and support systems. Best practices include capacity-building programs, inclusivity, recognition, supportive structures, and collaboration. A structured framework was developed to systematically enhance and sustain student leadership’s role in academic excellence. Institutional application highlights the need for universities to integrate leadership development into academic programs through structured mentorship, faculty engagement, governance mechanisms, and policy support. Higher education institutions (HEIs) can optimize student leadership initiatives by providing resources, recognizing achievements, and fostering an inclusive environment that supports holistic growth. The findings have significant implications for higher education policies and practices, emphasizing that well-structured leadership programs cultivate future-ready individuals capable of excelling academically and beyond.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3675-3685
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Artificial intelligence-driven integrated system for comprehensive email marketing automation

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4875-4888
Soumaya Loukili , Lotfi Elaachak , Abderrahim Ghadi , Abdelhadi Fennan
Right in the context of digital marketing, this paper presents a comprehensive integrated system that combines the latest artificial intelligence advancement – large language models and diffusion models – to generate marketing email subjects and content that result in higher engagement. The system uses finetuned large language models for compelling email subject generation and finetuned Stable Diffusion model for visually appealing and convincing email content images creation. For the latter, both knowledge graphs and vector embeddings have been incorporated to improve contextual relevance. Experimental results demonstrated significant improvement in all engagement metrics that marketers rely on, including 46% growth in open rates, 56% higher click-through rates, and an 51% boost in conversion rates, all compared to human generated content. The unified approach presented by this paper outperforms standalone models and human-generated content in terms of engagement, as the comparative analysis shows. We also discuss the ethical considerations related to content bias and personalization boundaries, alongside challenges faced in this type of projects, such as computation demands and probable solutions. Finally, this paper proposes future directions to be taken, including expansion to other digital marketing channels, the use of other advanced artificial intelligence techniques, and the development of real-time content adaptation mechanisms based on user feedback.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4875-4888
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Classifying the suitability of educational videos for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder students with deep neural networks

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4889-4898
Alshefaa Emam , Eman Karam Elsyed , Mai Kamel Galab
This paper presents a comprehensive deep learning-based system to evaluate the educational videos' suitability for students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Current methods frequently ignore important instructional elements that are necessary for improving learning experiences for students with ADHD, such as instructor hand movements, video length, object variety, and audio-visual quality. We emphasize two key issues for how to address these difficulties, first, we present the ADHD online instructor (AOI) dataset, a particular benchmark for assessing instructional hand movement in video suitability to solve the absence of a reference dataset for classifying educational videos relevant to ADHD. Second, the system includes creating an enhanced multitask deep learning model that increases classification accuracy by using task-specific enhancements and optimized architectures. This solves the requirement for a strong model that can distinguish between suitable and unsuitable instructional content. Comprehensive tests using pretrained convolutional neural network (CNN) models indicate that the enhanced VGG16 model outperforms baseline methods by achieving a highest accuracy of 97.84%. The results highlight the value of integrating deep learning methods with structured benchmark datasets, exposing up the path to more resilient and flexible instructional materials designed for students with ADHD.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4889-4898
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Teaching competencies and entrepreneurial performance among the Hashemite University faculty members

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33166
Hytham M. Bany Issa , Zohair H. Al-Zoubi , Omar T. Bataineh , Hassan Mohammad Bani-Issa , Awad Faek Altarawneh
The study examines the application of teaching competencies among faculty members at Hashemite University and investigates their relationship with perceived entrepreneurial performance within a quality assurance framework. Using a descriptive-relational survey design, a sample of 340 faculty members was selected through stratified sampling during the first semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. Data were collected via a validated questionnaire measuring teaching competencies across five domains—personal, academic, administrative, cultural, and professional—and entrepreneurial performance. The findings indicated that both teaching competencies and entrepreneurial performance were at a moderate level. A positive and statistically significant relationship was identified across all competency dimensions and entrepreneurial performance, suggesting that enhanced competencies can positively impact entrepreneurial outcomes. Based on these results, the study recommends integrating teaching competency evaluations into university quality assurance policies and suggests combining intrinsic and extrinsic incentives to foster faculty productivity. These recommendations offer valuable insights for enhancing academic standards and fostering entrepreneurial skills among faculty in higher education.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3557-3564
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Team assisted individualization: enhancing students’ conjecturing skills in statistics and probability

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.30882
Kheigy Axl Ross Galapon Francisco , Danica Mae Esguerra Brillo , Liezl Joy Lazaro Quilang
Many students struggle to understand mathematical concepts, leading to inadequate conjecturing skills. This study investigates the effectiveness of team assisted individualization (TAI), a cooperative learning approach, in improving these skills in mathematics. Utilizing a pre-test-post-test control group design, the research involved matched groups from two senior high school sections. Data were collected through tests and interviews conducted before and after the intervention, and analyzed using means, standard deviations, paired samples t-tests, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and content analysis. The findings indicate a significant enhancement in students’ conjecturing abilities following the implementation of TAI, even when controlling for their numerical reasoning skills. These results demonstrate that TAI is more effective than traditional lecture-discussion methods (LDM) in promoting conjecturing skills. Consequently, this study encourages educators to explore and adopt TAI strategies to better facilitate the development of students’ mathematical reasoning and conjecturing capabilities.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3983-3993
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Synthesis of nonlinear multilinked control systems of thermal power plants

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4500-4507
Oksana Porubay , Isamiddin Siddikov
The paper addresses the synthesis of nonlinear control laws for the technological parameters of drum boiler steam generators in thermal power plants, based on a synergetic control approach. The controlled system is considered to be multidimensional and highly interconnected. The inherent nonlinearity and interdependence of the technological parameters in thermal power plants necessitate the use of nonlinear control laws to achieve effective regulation. This approach enables the expansion of the range of permissible variations in regulator parameters, thereby ensuring the desired dynamic behavior of the controlled variables. An analytical method for synthesizing nonlinear vector control laws for steam generators is proposed. A methodology is developed for designing dynamic regulators capable of compensating for uncertain disturbances while accounting for control constraints. A Lyapunov function is constructed to describe the internal state dynamics of the control object. The proposed method for constructing the dynamic regulator ensures the asymptotic stability of the control system and stabilization of the controlled parameters over a wide range of load variations.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4500-4507
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Optimal sizing and performance evaluation of hybrid photovoltaic-wind-battery system for reliable electricity supply

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4341-4354
Youssef El Baqqal , Mohammed Ferfra , Reda Rabeh
Given the advantages of hybrid renewable energy systems over single-source systems, this study proposes the optimal sizing and performance evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic-wind battery system to meet the electricity demand of an isolated community in Dakhla, Morocco. The objective is to achieve an economical approach to electricity generation. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grey wolf optimizer (GWO) techniques were used to determine the optimal configuration of system components, including photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, and battery storage. The annual system cost (ACS) is minimized as the optimization objective, and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is used for economic comparison. MATLAB serves as the platform for implementation and evaluation. Results demonstrate the convergence and effectiveness of PSO and GWO in delivering high-quality solutions. PSO, however, achieves superior system reliability with a lower loss of power supply probability (LPSP) during peak demand. The optimal configuration achieves a minimal LCOE of 0.1065 USD/kWh, representing a 33.44% reduction compared to the applicable rate. These findings highlight the potential of advanced optimization techniques to improve the economic and operational performance of hybrid renewable energy systems, making them a viable solution for rural electrification in regions with limited grid access.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4341-4354
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Analysis of partial discharge characteristics in transformer oil insulation media using needle-plane and plane-plane electrode systems

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4445-4453
Teuku Khairul Murad , Abdul Syakur , Iwan Setiawan
Insulation failure is a common issue in electric power transmission. Insulation is necessary to separate two or more live conductors to prevent electrical arcing or sparking between them. Partial discharge (PD) is a phenomenon that can also occur in high-voltage equipment under pre-breakdown conditions. This PD activity can take place in liquid insulation, such as transformer oil, leading to a decrease in the quality and reliability of the transformer. This study aims to detect PD under various conditions and investigate its characteristics. Although various studies have been conducted on PD in liquid insulation, most of them focus on PD characterization under specific conditions without considering variations in electrode configurations that may influence the PD phenomenon. Therefore, this research is necessary to fill this gap by analyzing PD characteristics using a needle-plane and plane-plane electrode system. This study introduces the use of castor oil as an alternative liquid insulating material. In this study, PD testing will be conducted in a laboratory environment, and it is expected to produce reliable data regarding the capability of liquid insulation to withstand PD. The results obtained indicate that the PD phenomenon occurs more quickly in the needle-plane electrode configuration compared to the plane-plane configuration. PD in the needle-plane electrode occurs at an average voltage of 10.96 kV, while PD in the plane-plane electrode occurs at an average voltage of 12.5 kV.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 4445-4453
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Boosting algebra mastery through activity-based learning in an indigenous peoples education secondary school

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33969
Rolly Najial Apdo , Rachel Basañez Apdo
Algebra is a fundamental area of mathematics, yet many students, particularly indigenous learners, struggle with its concepts and procedures. This study examines the impact of activity-based learning on the conceptual understanding and procedural skills of junior high school students in an indigenous peoples education (IPEd) school. Using a mixed-methods approach, 105 indigenous students from grades 7 to 9 at Daan Taligaman Integrated Secondary School (DTISS), Philippines, participated. Pre-test and post-test scores were analyzed using a paired-samples t-test, while thematic analysis explored students’ learning experiences. The results revealed significant improvements in both conceptual understanding and procedural skills, with grade 7 scores increasing from 41.08% to 80.38% (conceptual) and 34.83% to 74.13% (procedural). A similar trend was apparent for the grades 8 and 9 students. Key themes identified were engagement and enjoyment, increased confidence, and improved understanding. The study highlights the effectiveness of interactive, culturally responsive learning strategies in enhancing algebra mastery among indigenous students and calls for their integration into mathematics education.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 4029-4039
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Development of a smart portable cupping suction device with multi-mode control using PID regulation

10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp5003-5018
Mohd Riduwan Ghazali , Mohd Ashraf Ahmad , Luqman Hakim Akmalmas
Cupping therapy is a well-established traditional treatment with various health benefits. However, existing electric cupping devices lack precise pressure control and portability which limit their usability across different skin types. This paper presents the development of a smart and portable cupping suction device with multi-mode functionality for dry, wet, and massage cuppings. Designed using an ESP32C3 XIAO microcontroller, a differential pressure sensor (MPX5100DP), and a motor driver (L293D) to enable real-time pressure regulation, the system incorporates a proportional-integral derivative (PID) to maintain a consistent suction performance at the negative pressures of -25, -35, and -45 kPa. The device was tested on different skin conditions of clean, less hairy, and slightly hairy surfaces. A real-time monitoring interface was additionally integrated using a web server to track the variation in pressure. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the PID control system in achieving stable pressure with minimal fluctuations with enhanced user safety and comfort. It advances the medical devices for therapeutic automation by offering a portable, precise, and user-friendly cupping solution.
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Page: 5003-5018
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Blending traditional and digital methods: enhancing EFL speaking skills beyond LMS platforms

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.32534
Naveed ur Rehman , Bibi Hajira , Syed Naeem Ahmed , Shafiq ur Rehman
The broad use of learning management system (LMS) in English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching indicates an increasingly urgent need for better methods to improve speaking skills. The research looks at the effectiveness of blended learning (BL) regarding fluency, pronunciation, and conversational improvement compared to the entire LMS approach within the learning process of EFL. It combines traditional face-to-face methods with digital tools to answer a significant need in language learning strategies. Therefore, the study compares the speaking proficiency of the two groups and investigates the impact of BL on motivation and engagement. The quasi-experimental design involved 100 intermediate EFL learners selected using purposive sampling from a Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) A1–B2 English program. Following 12 weeks, the BL outperformed the LMS-only group in the post-test, showing development in fluency from 3.5 to 4.8 and pronunciation from 3.0 to 4.5. The LMS-only group revealed moderate gains but less pronounced: fluency increased from 3.4 to 4.0, and pronunciation from 3.1 to 3.8. Moreover, motivation and engagement increased in BL. This means combining traditional approaches with digital ones creates a more dynamic and robust environment for learning, which raises participation and proficiency in speaking. Further research is needed to optimize these strategies across various educational settings.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 4210-4221
Publish at: 2025-10-01
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