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29,939 Article Results

A hybrid machine learning approach for improved ponzi scheme detection using advanced feature engineering

10.11591/ijict.v14i1.pp50-58
Fahad Hossain , Mehedi Hasan Shuvo , Jia Uddin
Ponzi schemes deceive investors with promises of high returns, relying on funds from new investors to pay earlier ones, creating a misleading appearance of profitability. These schemes are inherently unsustainable, collapsing when new investments wane, leading to significant financial losses. Many researchers have focused on detecting such schemes, but challenges remain due to their evolving nature. This study proposes a novel hybrid machine-learning approach to enhance Ponzi scheme detection. Initially, we train an XGBoost classifier and extract its features. Meanwhile, we tokenize opcode sequences, train a gated recurrent unit (GRU) model on these sequences, and extract features from the GRU. By concatenating the features from the XGBoost classifier and the GRU, we train a final XGBoost model on this combined feature set. Our methodology, leveraging advanced feature engineering and hybrid modeling, achieves a detection accuracy of 96.57%. This approach demonstrates the efficacy of combining XGBoost and GRU models, along with sophisticated feature engineering, in identifying fraudulent activities in Ethereum smart contracts. The results highlight the potential of this hybrid model to offer more robust and accurate Ponzi scheme detection, addressing the limitations of previous methods.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 50-58
Publish at: 2025-04-01

Efficient blockchain based solution for secure medical record management

10.11591/ijict.v14i1.pp59-67
Debani Prasad Mishra , B Rajeev , Soubhagya Ranjan Mallick , Rakesh Kumar Lenka , Surender Reddy Salkuti
Electronic medical records (EMRs) have become a key player in the healthcare ecosystem contributing to the assessment of ailments, the choice of the treatment avenue, and the delivery of services. However, there is consideration of EMR storage whereby centralized storage leads to increased security and privacy issues in the patient’s record. In this paper, we proposed a blockchain and interplanetary file system (IPFS) based prototype model for EMR management. It provides a smart contract-enabled decentralized storage platform where healthcare data security, availability, and access management are prioritized. This model also employs cryptographic techniques to protect sensitive healthcare data. Finally, the model is evaluated in a realistic scenario. The experimental results demonstrate that compared to the current systems, the proposed prototype model outperforms them in terms of efficiency, privacy, and security.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 59-67
Publish at: 2025-04-01

Crop classification using object-oriented method and Google Earth Engine

10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp1271-1280
Geeta T. Desai , Abhay N. Gaikwad
Agriculture crop monitoring in real-time is crucial in formulating effective agricultural practices and management policies. The primary goal of the investigation is to explore how the utilization of Sentinel-1 data and its fusion with Sentinel-2 impact crop classification accuracy in a fragmented agricultural landscape in the Yavatmal District of Maharashtra, India. Pixel based classification and object-oriented classification approaches were implemented on Google Earth Engine (GEE), and obtained results were compared for different combinations of optical and microwave features. The research revealed that the object-based technique performed better than the pixel-based approach, with a 3.5% increase in overall accuracy. For 2022, crop-type mapping was generated with overall accuracies varying from 85.5% to 61% and a kappa coefficient between 0.77 and 0.37. These overall accuracies imply that joint use of optical and radar data has given a 24% improvement in overall accuracy compared to use of only optical data. In addition, the temporal change in the backscatter coefficients and different vegetation indices for different crops were examined over crop growth cycle. This work demonstrates the fusion of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data to classify wheat, chickpea, other crops, water and urban areas.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 1271-1280
Publish at: 2025-04-01

Optimal parameter identification of fractional-order proportional integral controller to improve DC voltage stability of photovoltaic/battery system

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp519-529
Taibi Abdelhalim , Laroussi Kouider , Hegazy Rezk , Rouibah Abdelkader , Ayman Al-Quraan
This study addresses the critical challenges of voltage stabilization in DC microgrids, where the inherent variability of renewable energy sources significantly complicates reliable operation. The focus is on optimizing the fractional-order proportional-integral (FO-PI) controller using four advanced techniques a whale optimization algorithm (WOA), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), genetic algorithm (GA), and sine cosine algorithm (SCA). Voltage instability poses substantial risks to the reliability and efficiency of DC microgrids, making the optimization of the FO-PI controller an essential task. Through comparative analysis, the study demonstrates that WOA outperforms the other methods, achieving superior voltage stability, resilience, and overall system performance. Notably, WOA achieves the lowest average cost function at 0.0004, compared to 0.892 for GWO, 0.659 for GA, and 0.096 for SCA, showcasing its effectiveness in fine-tuning the controller’s parameters. These findings highlight WOA robustness as a powerful tool for enhancing microgrid performance, especially in voltage regulation. The study underscores WOA potential in ensuring the reliable and efficient integration of renewable energy systems into DC microgrids and lays the groundwork for further research into its application in more complex and dynamic grid scenarios. By optimizing the FO-PI controller, WOA significantly contributes to the long-term stability and efficiency of DC microgrids.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 519-529
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Enhancing engineering education in electric drive systems through integrated computer simulation modules

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp45-54
Rahimi Baharom , Norazlan Hashim , Naeem M. S. Hannoon , Nor Farahaida Abdul Rahman
The integration of computer simulation modules in electric drive courses plays a pivotal role in modern engineering education by offering students hands-on experience and fostering a deeper understanding of theoretical concepts. This study highlights the significance of enhancing engineering education through an innovative simulation module designed to analyze electric drive systems. The module enables the specification of suitable converters and machines for speed and position control systems while focusing on the steady-state operations of AC and DC drives. Through simulation exercises, students explore converter circuit topologies, control strategies, and the two-quadrant operations of electric machines using fully controlled two-pulse bridge circuits, encompassing motoring and braking modes in the first and fourth quadrants. The proposed module demonstrates its effectiveness in bridging theory and practice, evidenced by significant improvements in students' comprehension of circuit configurations and control algorithms. The approach enhances critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and the ability to relate theoretical knowledge to practical applications. Future research will focus on extending the module's capabilities to incorporate additional quadrants of operation and advanced control strategies. By integrating such tools into the curriculum, educators can better prepare students for the evolving demands of engineering careers.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 45-54
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Electronic properties of amorphous silicon carbon are correlated with the methane flow rate

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp530-537
Soni Prayogi , Yoyok Cahyono , Darminto Darminto
This study examines how methane flow rate during the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process affects the electronic properties of amorphous silicon-carbon (a-SiC) thin films. The films were deposited with varying methane flow rates, and their structural and electronic properties were analyzed using spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results show that the methane flow rate influences the ratio of sp2 to sp3 carbon bonding, which impacts the material's electronic band structure. Higher methane flow rates increase sp2 carbon content, reducing the bandgap energy and enhancing electrical conductivity. In contrast, lower flow rates lead to higher sp3 bonding, wider band gaps, and decreased conductivity. This study highlights the potential for optimizing methane flow rates in PECVD to tailor the electronic properties of a-SiC films for specific applications. The findings offer valuable insights for designing and optimizing a-SiC materials for electronic devices. Future research will investigate how other deposition parameters and post-deposition treatments affect a-SiC's electronic properties, aiming to further improve material performance for advanced technological applications.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 530-537
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Diligence analysis for micro grid systems in islanded mode of operation with optimal switching control of converter

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp599-607
Pritha Gupta , Mahesh Singh , Shimpy Ralhan , Mangal Singh
To operate a microgrid system in islanded mode, it is essential to analyze the economic feasibility and performance of the system. The proposed system integrates two or more renewable energy sources, providing a promising solution for meeting energy needs sustainably. Conducting a techno-economic analysis of such microgrid systems is critical to maximizing the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources. The simulations for these microgrid systems are performed using HOMER Pro software, where various economic parameters—such as cost of energy (COE), electricity production, net present cost (NPC), carbon emissions, fuel consumption, and payback period—are evaluated for the proposed systems. Additionally, the system's performance is analyzed using PSIM software, which incorporates optimal switching control. The results are further validated using a prototype hardware setup. The findings indicate that the PV/hydro system with NPC: 705,658 Rs and payback period: 9.65 years is the most suitable option for meeting the electricity demand in rural areas. Also, through optimal switching control applied to the micro grid converter the output voltage achieved is seven levels and harmonic distortion is 3.7% for voltage and 1.7% for the current.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 599-607
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Power factor correction converters overview with PSIM simulation-based systematic control design for the totem-pole topology

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp355-368
Majd Ghazi Batarseh , Rajaie Nassar , Zaid Adwan , Ibrahim Abuishmais
The need for power factor correction (PFC) is inevitable due to the distortion of the supply current that results from the widely used switched mode power supplies (SMPSs). This paper first introduces the effects of SMPSs on the grid and the concept of PFC, followed by a review of the different ways to achieve this correction. Due to its numerous benefits, the totem-pole topology is chosen. A complete design of a totem-pole power factor correction (TPPFC) converter for universal use is demonstrated with the aid of the PSIM software and its SmartCtrl tool for a step-by-step design, achieving a simulated power factor (PF) as high as 0.99984 for normal full loading and a sinusoidal input current with a total harmonic distortion (THD) as low as 1.8038%. This work is the first complete, concise, and easy-to-follow PSIM simulation-based design guide for the TPPFC converter.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 355-368
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Post-fault voltage limit assessment for six-phase induction machines: a synchronous and slip frequency approach

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp162-174
Nooradzianie Muhammad Zin , Wan Noraishah Wan Abdul Munim , Ahmad Farid Abidin , Hang Seng Che , Mohamad Fathi Mohamad Elias , Rahimi Baharom
Six-phase machine research has attracted a lot of attention lately, as seen by the large number of articles and case studies that have been written about it. Six-phase induction machines are prevalent due to their simplicity in construction. A fault-tolerance system is essential to guaranteeing machine operation that is both available and continuous in the event of a disruption or failure in the system. The operational topologies of dual three-phase (D3-IM) and symmetrical six-phase (S6-IM) induction machines were studied in this research. One open-phase fault (1OPF) is covered in the study, and different scenarios including the derating factor, neutral configuration, and maximum torque (MT) operational strategy are taken into account. Using MATLAB software, machine characteristics, machine equations, and Clarke's transformation show the fault-tolerant capability of each type of machine. Moreover, a MATLAB program is developed to assess post-fault voltage control limits, allowing for a comparison between current and voltage control limits. Simulated graph results depicting line-to-line voltages against synchronous and slip frequencies across all possible fault scenarios reveal distinct fault-tolerant capabilities between the two machine types. The comparative study shows that S6-IM offers better fault-tolerant capability than D3-IM based on both various synchronous and slip frequency approaches.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 162-174
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Certain investigations on performance analysis of different converter designs for smart micro-grid systems

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp431-439
N. Krishnamoorthy , Sudheer Hanumanthakari , Gobimohan Sivasubramanian , A. Prabha , P. Hemachandu , P. Veeramanikandan , Nageswara Rao Medikondu , R. Gopinathan , L. Anbarasu
This paper proposes a grid-connected hybrid renewable power system. A LUO converter driven by ABC-PI controller is used to produce stable DC-link voltage. To enhance the voltage, a LUO converter is used, and the boosted voltage is regulated by an ABC-PI controller. Using the suggested optimization approach, the power fluctuation is kept at a low value. The execution of the proposed optimization is efficient, as it is simple and robust. It has a limited number of control parameters as compared to other approaches. The suggested method is described in complete detail, together with its converter and control mechanisms. The modeling and experimental results are validated to ensure that the system is feasible. The HRES is analyzed through simulation in MATLAB with converters like boost, SEPIC, and LUO. The results reveal that the LUO converter performs better with a minimum settling time of 0.175 seconds with a source current THD of 1.29%. From the modeling and the simulation results, it has been revealed that the proposed technology provides more reliable and steady power.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 431-439
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Torgue and flux ripple mitigation technique using multi-level inverter for sequential model predictive controlled induction motor

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp287-297
Abobaker Kikki Abobaker , Norjulia Mohamad Nordin , Azizah Abdul Razak
The control of electric motors presents a fascinating topic in the field of electrical engineering. Three-phase induction motors are extensively employed in industrial applications, because of their durability and cost-effectiveness. Hence, induction motor control research remains a major priority in electrical drive technology. Field-oriented control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) are the most common control methods for industrial applications up to now. Recently developed microcontroller processing capabilities have enabled novel control technology like model predictive control (MPC). High-performance drive systems could benefit from this new control method. One of MPC approach, referred to as finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC), focuses on reducing a single cost function. This is achieved by adjusting a weighting factor to prioritize either torque or flux error reduction. However, the primary drawbacks of the standard FCS-MPC lie in determining these weighting factors and the variable switching frequency, which greatly varies based on the operational conditions. A control approach that eliminated the weighing factor was proposed. The proposed sequential model predictive control (SMPC) method is applied to a 3-phase induction motor operated by a 5-level CHB inverter. Simulation results matched theoretical analysis. Results demonstrated that stator flux and torque are independently controlled without weighting factor, and low harmonic distortion levels.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 287-297
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Harmonics elimination and reactive power compensation based on novel SDFT-PLL shunt active power filter control approach

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp298-310
Osama M. Arafa , Mona M. Mamdouh , Ahmed Mansour , Zeinab Elkady
Active power filters are used to reduce current harmonics and compensate for reactive power in non-linear loads. This paper compares two approaches for estimating compensated current for a shunt active filter. The synchronous-reference- frame theory d-q and sliding fast Fourier-Transform algorithms are compared in this study. The comparison is based on the outcomes of simulations. For different load conditions, the results achieved by the approaches mentioned differ greatly. The sliding discrete Fourier transform SDFT approach has revealed the optimum choice. Indeed, sliding discrete Fourier transform-phase-locked-loop or SDFT-PLL is a perfect method also for synchronizing the inverter with a weak noisy grid.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 298-310
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Analysis of the effect of environmental conditions on energy savings in lighting systems with dimming method in campus buildings

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp657-672
Refdinal Nazir , Fajril Akbar , Hasmat Malik , Dendi Adi Saputra , Igo Cikal Muharram
Our research is introducing a lighting system using dimming lamps to utilize natural sunlight to save electrical energy in campus buildings. It began with designing an LED light-dimming system using AC chopper technology. It was tested in library rooms in campus buildings. Its room is divided into three zones (A, B, C) based on the intensity of natural light reaching the room and the location of the work points. We analyzed the influence of the environment around the research object, including the location of work points, weather conditions, the position of the sun, and electrical energy saving in lighting systems using dimming LED lights in campus buildings. The test results show that implementing the proposed dimming system can reduce room electricity consumption by an average of 50.31% in good weather conditions. The location of the work point in the room dramatically influences the amount of this savings. For work point locations in zone C, these savings can reach 93.707%, while for work points in zone A, the savings are only 12.177%. The results show that the percentage of electricity consumption savings from the lighting system can be increased by increasing the natural light that reaches the room.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 657-672
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Optimal placement of energy storage system in hybrid AC/DC microgrid to enhance stability

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp195-203
Pagidela Yamuna , N. Visali
Nowadays, growing interest in sustainable energy solutions, hybrid AC/DC microgrids are becoming more and more recognized as a reliable and efficient option. In order to improve the stability of such microgrids advanced solutions for ESS placement are required due to the unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources and the complexity of load needs. The precision needed to maximize microgrid stability in the face of these obstacles is lacking. In this paper, an artificial neural networks (ANN)-based framework for the strategic allocation and sizing of ESS is proposed. This study uses ANN and the process is to determine the best locations and capacities for energy storage systems (ESS) to minimize system losses while accounting for variations in renewable generating and demand profiles. Simulation is carried on IEEE 12 bus system for studying the usefulness of the proposed method and stability is determined. The power flow datasets generated through simulation are utilized to train the ANN in order to determine the most appropriate placements for ESS. Furthermore, a series of simulations were performed to examine the impact of ESS characteristics on the performance of system loss under various circumstances.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 195-203
Publish at: 2025-03-01

A review of the technical-economic analysis of personal electric vehicle integration in the MENA region

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp584-598
Saida Karmich , Mohamed El Malki , Mohamed Maaouane , El Mostafa Ziani , Jamal Bouchnaif , Mourad Arabi
The technical-economic viability of hybrid renewable energy systems that include personal electric vehicles (EVs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) area is assessed in this study. We examined several microgrid configurations using HOMER Grid software, focusing on the effects of electricity prices and subsidy policies. The results show how the hybrid combination of photovoltaic with the grid provided the most significant configuration across the MENA region according to the sensitivity studies that indicate considerable potential for wider application. Eliminating subsidies and modifying power rates are two important tactics for promoting the use of hybrid renewable energy systems. For policymakers and investors in the MENA area, these studies provide practical insights.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 584-598
Publish at: 2025-03-01
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