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Power factor correction converters overview with PSIM simulation-based systematic control design for the totem-pole topology

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp355-368
Majd Ghazi Batarseh , Rajaie Nassar , Zaid Adwan , Ibrahim Abuishmais
The need for power factor correction (PFC) is inevitable due to the distortion of the supply current that results from the widely used switched mode power supplies (SMPSs). This paper first introduces the effects of SMPSs on the grid and the concept of PFC, followed by a review of the different ways to achieve this correction. Due to its numerous benefits, the totem-pole topology is chosen. A complete design of a totem-pole power factor correction (TPPFC) converter for universal use is demonstrated with the aid of the PSIM software and its SmartCtrl tool for a step-by-step design, achieving a simulated power factor (PF) as high as 0.99984 for normal full loading and a sinusoidal input current with a total harmonic distortion (THD) as low as 1.8038%. This work is the first complete, concise, and easy-to-follow PSIM simulation-based design guide for the TPPFC converter.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 355-368
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Enhancement LVRT capability of DFIG driven wind conversion system

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp224-234
Abdeslam Jabal Laafou , Abdessalam Ait Madi , Youssef Moumani , Hassan Essakhi
In this paper we present two techniques for protecting the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in the event of external disturbances on the electrical network, the crowbar circuit and series dynamic braking resistor (SDBR) techniques. During voltage dips, the first technique is triggered and short-circuits the rotor side converter (RSC) so as to maintain the rotor current within the desired limits. As a result, the DFIG behaves as an asynchronous cage generator that absorbs the reactive power coming from the voltage dip on the network which does not meet the grid code's (GC) requirements. The second technique makes it possible to limit overcurrent’s at the level of the stator and rotor of the DFIG, it will enable the wind power system to continue operating normally once the fault has disappeared and to stay connected to the network throughout the voltage dip. This SDBR technique presents a good compromise between its performance, its simplicity, its efficiency, and its implementation’s cost.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 224-234
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Prospects of using organic Rankine cycle for geothermal power generation

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp575-583
Zhanat Tulenbayev , Aizhan Zhanpeisova , Ardak Omarova , Akmaral Tleshova , Nazym Abdlakhatova
The relevance of this study stems from the desire to develop efficient and sustainable methods of energy extraction from low-temperature geothermal resources, which is of key importance in the context of finding alternative energy sources and reducing dependence on conventional, often non-renewable sources. The purpose of this study was to analyze the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to improve the efficiency of energy recovery from low-temperature geothermal sources. The present study employed the analytical method, the deduction method, the induction method, the functional method, the classification method, the synthesis method. ORC applications for geothermal energy were comprehensively analyzed, with a focus on the investigation of low-temperature resources. The best cycle performance parameters were determined, considering diverse operating conditions. Concrete technical recommendations were developed for the selection of organic working media to improve system efficiency. The summarized findings highlight the potential of the ORC in enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of geothermal systems.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 575-583
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Optimization and management of solar and wind production for standalone microgrid: a Moroccan case study

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp202-211
Mohamed El Hafydy , Youssef Oubail , Mohamed Benydir , Lahoussine Elmahni , Elmoutawakil Alaoui My Rachid
The increasing demand for sustainable and efficient energy solutions has prompted extensive research into optimizing renewable energy sources in microgrid systems. This paper focuses on optimizing renewable energy sources within a standalone microgrid using particle swarm optimization (PSO) as the sole algorithm. The microgrid model proposed integrates photovoltaic (PV), wind, battery storage, and serves a load represented by an agricultural firm. Real-world data from Agdz in Ouarzazate, Morocco, is utilized for analysis. The primary objective is to minimize excess production from PV and wind sources when the battery reaches full charge. This research addresses the increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions by emphasizing a single optimization technique, PSO, for achieving a balanced and efficient energy generation system. The study aims to closely align energy production with load demand to reduce wastage and ensure a reliable energy supply within the microgrid. The evaluation is conducted based on the ability of the PSO algorithm to diminish the gap between total energy production and load demand. The use of the PSO algorithm resulted in a 30% reduction in excess energy, effectively mitigating unnecessary energy wastage when the battery is fully charged. This outcome highlights the algorithm's capacity to adapt and optimize energy production from primary sources to precisely align with the specific requirements of the load
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 202-211
Publish at: 2025-03-01

DTC analysis of DCMLI driven PMSM-SVM drive

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp235-243
Rakesh G. Shriwastava , Pravin B. Pokle , Ajay M. Mendhe , Nitin Dhote , Rajendra M. Rewatkar , Rahul Mapari , Ranjit Dhunde , Hemant R. Bhagat Patil , Ramesh Pawase
The paper focuses on a comparative analysis of direct torque control (DTC) space vector modulation (SVM) based permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. This comparative analysis is based on a conventional inverter and a 3-level dual-cell modular multilevel inverter (DCMLI) using the SVM technique using MATLAB simulation. The present DTC-PMSM drive consists of flux and torque hysteresis comparators and has a problem of switching frequency and torque ripple. The problems are solved by using SVM to provide more inverter voltage and it compensates for torque and flux error in a DTC. A reference voltage space vector is calculated every time using the algorithm on the basic of torque error and stator flux angle. It was proposed to control torque, torque angle, and stator flux in DTC-PMSM. From the detailed comparison, the DTC-DCMLI PMSM drive has an exact solution of problem-solving of switching frequency and torque ripple due to less distorted output. Proposed drives can be applicable for hardware implementation in automotive applications.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 235-243
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Innovation of control valve motorization method for regulating turbine rotation in micro hydro generators

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp90-100
Supri Hardi , Nelly Safitri , Yaman Yaman , Radhiah Radhiah , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
The method of transferring the main load to the dummy load is still used in micro hydropower plants. Because the turbine and generator are constantly operating at maximum capacity, the load transfer system, also known as the electronic load control (ELC) system, is ineffective and inefficient. The researcher devised a method for controlling the pressure/flow rate on the branch pipe by using a control valve motorized (CVM). Control valve motorized (CVM) is responsible for the opening and closing of branch pipelines using an electric motor. The goal is to achieve voltage and frequency stability by using CVM to adjust the flow/pressure of water in the branch pipe. The method involves designing and testing the CVM system via a Pelton turbine module connected to the generator. The results of testing the Pelton turbine module with a pressure of 4 kg/cm2 on a 34-inch pipe show that the turbine rotates at 800 rpm. Brushless direct current (BLDC) generator with 12 poles and a Pelton turbine. The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller control parameters are calculated by the control system using the Nichols-Ziggler method, with tuning results of PB 130%, Ti 2.8 seconds, and Td 0.7 seconds. A frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 61 volts is produced by controlling the set point (SP) at 55% of the process variable (PV) and the manipulated variable (MV) to CVM at 38%, respectively. The conditions are implemented by varying the load on the system by connecting and disconnecting the load; the system remains stable for 5 seconds.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 90-100
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Multi-objective hunter prey optimizer technique for distributed generation placement

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp146-154
Kesavan Duraisamy , Sudhakiran Ponnuru , Jovin Deglus , Sakthidasan Arulprakasam , Rajakumar Palanisamy , Raja Soosaimarian Peter
Accommodation of distributed generation (DG) units in the distribution power network (DPN) reduces the power losses (PL), improves the voltage profile (VP), and enhances the stability. The size and site for distribution generations have to be optimized to avail favorable results. Otherwise, the DPN may experience greater power losses, higher voltage deviation, and voltage instability issues. This article implements an optimization technique using a hunter-prey optimizer (HPO) algorithm to optimize single and multiple (two) DG units in the radial DPN to minimize total real power losses (RPL) and total voltage deviation (TVD). The effectiveness of the HPO algorithm is assessed on the IEEE benchmark 69-bus radial DPN and a real-world Cairo-59 bus RDS. The simulation outcome after the optimized inclusion of DGs shown significant RPL reduction and considerable voltage enhancement. Furthermore, the optimized results of HPO algorithm were compared to the different algorithms and the comparison proved that the HPO can provide a more promising and authentic outcome than other algorithms.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 146-154
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Performance analysis of seven level multilevel inverter for power quality improvement

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp46-54
S. Nithya Priya , K. C. Ramya
Power conversion systems for demanding applications requiring high power and power quality are increasingly using multi-level converters. Due to its many advantages, such as low harmonic content, low electromagnetic interference (EMI) output, and low power consumption in power switches, the multilayer inverter (MLI) topology is more commonly used in medium and high power applications. The chosen switching technique of the inverter for operation significantly contributes to the suppression of harmonic components while creating the optimal output voltage. A single-phase 7-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHB-MLI) with fewer switches and alternative control algorithms is available in MATLAB-based simulation on the SIMULINK platform. In this research, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of several control techniques is compared. From the simulation results, it was found that the proposed artificial neural network (ANN) controller outperforms the proportional-integral (PI) controller. With a lower THD value and a comparatively better sinusoidal waveform, the ANN controller produces an output voltage. It is also more suitable for improving the quality of electricity. The efficiency and performance of the proposed 7-level CHBMI system are demonstrated by the improved sinusoidal output waveform and reduced output voltage THD.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 46-54
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Diligence analysis for micro grid systems in islanded mode of operation with optimal switching control of converter

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp599-607
Pritha Gupta , Mahesh Singh , Shimpy Ralhan , Mangal Singh
To operate a microgrid system in islanded mode, it is essential to analyze the economic feasibility and performance of the system. The proposed system integrates two or more renewable energy sources, providing a promising solution for meeting energy needs sustainably. Conducting a techno-economic analysis of such microgrid systems is critical to maximizing the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources. The simulations for these microgrid systems are performed using HOMER Pro software, where various economic parameters—such as cost of energy (COE), electricity production, net present cost (NPC), carbon emissions, fuel consumption, and payback period—are evaluated for the proposed systems. Additionally, the system's performance is analyzed using PSIM software, which incorporates optimal switching control. The results are further validated using a prototype hardware setup. The findings indicate that the PV/hydro system with NPC: 705,658 Rs and payback period: 9.65 years is the most suitable option for meeting the electricity demand in rural areas. Also, through optimal switching control applied to the micro grid converter the output voltage achieved is seven levels and harmonic distortion is 3.7% for voltage and 1.7% for the current.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 599-607
Publish at: 2025-03-01

A novel fast MPPT strategy with high efficiency for fast changing irradiance in PV systems

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp163-172
Pujari Anjappa , K. Jithendra Gowd
This paper discusses about the photovoltaic (PV) system novel non-iterative maximum power point tracking algorithm with faster converging speed under varying solar irradiation level. PV system is a scattered renewable energy resource and a safe environmental energy source. However, the PV power oscillates around MPP value due to the fluctuations of temperature and insolation effects, leading to nonlinear maximum power tracking issues. For each change in atmospheric condition, output of the PV system changes necessitating the need to search for new maximum power conditions. An efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) device that improves the power transmitting efficiency along with a suitable high frequency direct current (DC) to DC power converter device are required for efficient operation. Finally, a comparison is made between existing MPPT algorithms and proposed novel non-iterative MPPT algorithm. The proposed MPPT system show that the overall tracking speed of the proposed MPPT is 5.6 times, 3.8 times faster than perturb and observe (P&O) method and INC method respectively. During the variation of irradiance, the power loss is reduced by 18.84% and 11.29% in comparison with P&O and INC method. The proposed method also minimizes the steady state oscillations.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 163-172
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Analysis and simulation of 7-level and 9-level cascaded H-bridge multi-level inverters

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp11-22
Sujatha Banka , Chava Sunil Kumar , Surender Reddy Salkuti , Sai Sruthi Bhupathiraju , Kasoju Pragathi Balakishan , Paipoti Pooja Chaturya , Rishitha Namineni
Multi-level inverters (MLIs) have created a new revolution in high-power and medium-voltage applications in industry and research. In recent years, cascaded multi-level inverters have gained significant interest due to their ability to generate high-quality output waveforms with reduced total harmonic distortion (THD). This paper discusses the analysis and simulation of 7-level and 9-level cascaded H-bridge multi-level inverters using mathematical models and simulation tools. The proposed research puts emphasis on evaluating the performance and control strategies of these inverters. The control strategies, including pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques, are discussed in depth, with a focus on their effect on output waveform quality and reduction of THD. The simulation results are compared to showcase the advantages offered by the cascaded multi-level inverters in terms of waveform quality. The findings demonstrate the superior performance and power quality advantages offered by these multi-level inverters compared to traditional two-level inverters. Additionally, a passive LC filter is designed and implemented along with a multi-level inverter configuration that helps to keep the THD within the limits specified by IEEE standards.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 11-22
Publish at: 2025-03-01

High order sliding mode control for grid integration of photovoltaic systems

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp118-126
Noureddine Ech-cherki , Oumaima Echab , Youssef Errami , Abdellatif Obbadi , Smail Sahnoun , Mohssin Aoutoul
The article suggests employing second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) to manage photovoltaic systems (PVS) connected to the electrical grid. These systems face complexities due to non-linearities, variability, uncertainties, disturbances, and climate changes. The proposed control strategy utilizes two converters: one at the photovoltaic generator (PVG) side for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to optimize energy generation and another at the grid connection point to regulate power injection into the grid and maintain the DC bus voltage (Vdc) while achieving unit power factor (UPF). Both converters are equipped with SOSMC controllers, enabling independent adjustment of active (P) and reactive (Q) power. This approach aims to enhance the energy efficiency and robustness of PVS under varying climatic conditions. The performance of the system is evaluated under standard and variable irradiation conditions using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results indicate that SOSMC significantly improves system performance and efficiency compared to conventional vector control (CVC). Notably, it reduces active power overshoot by 100%, decreases Vdc response time, and lowers total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current to 1.19%, demonstrating its effectiveness across different irradiation levels.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 118-126
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Design and control of a grid-connected solar-wind hybrid sustainable energy generation systems using DFIG

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp188-201
G. B. Arjun Kumar , M. Balamurugan , K. N. Sunil Kumar , Ravi Gatti
An optimal control of a grid-connected solar-wind hybrid scheme for the electricity generation system by utilizing both wind and solar renewable energy in a remote region that is inaccessible to the electricity grid. The control and assessment of a hybrid sustainable energy generation system power system that supplies three-phase, four-line loads as well as a battery array are presented in this research work. Wind energy conversion system (WECS) is comprised of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and two pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage source converters, namely the grid side converter (GSC) and the rotor side converter (RSC), which are linked together via a DC-link and are equipped with a technique for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The grid voltage-oriented control strategy is employed to provide a consistent DC-bus voltage for the GSC and to regulate the reactive power on the power grid. Even the difference in voltage and frequency can be controlled with this novel strategy. The stator voltage-oriented vector technique is designed in the RSC control strategy, resulting in effective regulation of reactive and active power at the stator as well as an MPPT obtained by controlling the optimal torque. The hybrid sustainable energy generating system (HSEGS) simulation model is designed to have a capacity of 5 kW, and its efficiency is evaluated using the MATLAB/ Simulink platform and demonstrated in a variety of circumstances.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 188-201
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Performance analysis of conventional multilevel inverter driven PMSM drive in EV applications

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp37-45
Rakesh G. Shriwastava , Pravin B. Pokle , Ajay M. Mendhe , Nitin Dhote , Rajendra M. Rewatkar , Rahul Mapari , Ranjit Dhunde , Hemant R. Bhagat Patil , Ramesh Pawase
This paper describes the simulation and hardware analysis of a two-level inverter-driven permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive in EV applications. The design of various sections of PMSM Drive is discussed in detail. This proposed work is based on the voltage source converter (VSC) fed four-pole, 373 W. This paper highlights the design and implementation using a microcontroller of (PMSM) drive for various operating conditions. The experimental results show that the control and power circuit used in the design can achieve excellent and consistent speed performance. The performance along with test results of the speed and load variation of the PMSM drive is studied for steady-state conditions. The performance of the motor has been checked by increasing the inverter frequency with the speed of the motor and also keeping the frequency remains constant by varying the load and speed. Hardware analysis indicates the improved performance of the motor and the drive. It has good speed and torque responses and is suitable for EPS applications.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 37-45
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Optimal distributed generator placement for loss reduction using fuzzy and adaptive grey wolf algorithm

10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp155-162
Daruru Sarika , Palepu Suresh Babu , Pasala Gopi , Manubolu Damodar Reddy , Suresh Babu Potladurty
This research provides a new methodology for locating distributed generation (DG) units in distribution electrical networks utilizing the fuzzy and adaptive grey wolf optimization algorithm (AGWOA) to decrease power losses and enhance the voltage profile. Everyday living relies heavily on electrical energy. The promotion of generating electrical power from renewable energy sources such as wind, tidal wave, and solar energy has arisen due to the significant value placed on all prospective energy sources capable of producing it. There has been substantial research on integrating distributed generation into the electricity system due to the growing interest in renewable sources in recent years. The primary reason for adding distributed generation sources for the network is to supply a net quantity of power, lowering power losses. Determining the amount and location of local generation is crucial for reducing the line losses of power systems. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the best location for distributed generation. In this study, DG unit placement is determined using a fuzzy technique. In contrast, photovoltaic (PV) and capacitor placement and size are determined simultaneously using an adaptive grey wolf technique based on the cunning behavior of wolves. The proposed method is developed using the MATLAB programming language; the results are then provided after testing on test systems with 33-bus and 15-bus.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 155-162
Publish at: 2025-03-01
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