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29,922 Article Results

Solar photovoltaic based cascaded multilevel inverter with 33-levels using phase opposition disposition control method

10.11591/ijaas.v14.i3.pp928-935
Chandolu Sai Deepak , Madhu Babu Thiruveedula , Bandari Rahul Teja , Supe Gowtham , Sthambhampally Vivek , Panuganti Yeshwanth Kumar
A cascaded multilevel inverter (MLI) tailored for photovoltaic (PV) networks, aiming to improve power quality and support transformer-less operation. The symmetric MLI design is selected for its effectiveness in minimizing harmonics and enhancing fault tolerance in high-power scenarios, where the use of power semiconductor converters can introduce complications. The proposed inverter configuration achieves thirty-three voltage levels, optimizing power quality while using insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) semiconductor switches. The phase opposition disposition (POD) control method is applied to trigger necessary switching signals for the inverter's components. To ensure high output voltage for the MLI, a boost converter is employed, and the overall system is tested with an R load. The effectiveness of the design is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations, which demonstrate a notable reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD). 
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 928-935
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Performance evaluation of distribution network with change of load by connecting wind DG

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i3.pp1459-1466
Swathi Sankepally , Sravana Kumar Bali
The aim of this research is to determine the optimal location and size of a minimum number of distributed generators (DGs) needed to maintain the stable operation of an IEEE 85-bus distributed network. The main objective is to ensure the stability of the distribution network by optimizing the placement and capacity of DGs. This is accomplished through the utilization of particle swarm optimization (PSO). The stability of the distribution network is checked by evaluating the voltages and power losses using load flow. The stability of the distribution network is assessed using boundary criteria that are not altered by more than 5% of the nominal voltage value. The distribution network voltage stability is assessed using various case studies, one of that involves a change in load driven by connecting WDG and the other by a change in power supply from wind DGs due to varying wind speed. The PSO is implemented in IEEE-85 bus distribution network using MATLAB software.
Volume: 39
Issue: 3
Page: 1459-1466
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Comprehensive secure code review analysis of web application security vulnerabilities

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i3.pp1807-1814
Azlinda Abdul Aziz , Nur Razia Mohd Suradi , Rahayu Handan , Mohd Noor Rizal Arbain
A secure code review is a process of software development involves systematic examination of application code. However, web applications evolving of cyber threats makes it challenging to conduct adequate security. Therefore, this paper conducts a comprehensive secure code review analysis to protect any crucial aspect of web security from potential threats and vulnerabilities. The application code is scanned for security issues during the real review and the results are classified according to the areas of vulnerability. As a result, the application code risk level and list of risk categories were defined. This result assists in prioritizing issues for resolution, beginning with the most critical problems to lower risk levels. Next, list of risk categories that give the most significant security vulnerabilities affect to application codes are defined. SQL injection, weak password handling, insecure direct object reference, information exposure, improper session management, missing input validation, deprecated functions, and lack of comments are defined as a risk category. Moreover, the result of application code weakness in the security of the application code is determined based on the level of risk and categories. Thus, analysis result offers the developers a clear perspective on protects the web applications from threats and vulnerabilities.
Volume: 39
Issue: 3
Page: 1807-1814
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Determination of soil salinization by hyperspectral remote sensing in the Shirvan Plain

10.11591/ijaas.v14.i3.pp662-670
Sahib Shukurov Khudaverdi , Aygun Ismayilova Azer , Ramil Sadigov Ali , Maya Karimova Javanshir , Turkan Hasanova Allahverdi , Gunel Asgarova Farhad
The determination of soil salinization in the Shirvan Plain, considered the main agricultural zone of Azerbaijan, negatively affects the productivity of agricultural crops. Based on 10 m Sentinel-2 images on Google Earth Engine platforms and by examining SI1, green-red band normalized difference vegetation index (GRNDVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and difference vegetation index of the environment (DVI), four remote sensing salinity monitoring index models, S1DI1, S1DI2, S1DI3, and S1DI4, were constructed to extract soil salinity information in the Shirvan Plain in combination with the measured electrical conductivity. The results show that the overall classification accuracy of S1DI1 (SI1-GRNDVI), S1DI2 (SI1-GNDVI), S1DI3 (SI1-NDVI), and S1DI4 (SI1-DVI) models for salinity monitoring are 82.35%, 83.10%, 81.96%, and 79.25%, respectively.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 662-670
Publish at: 2025-09-01

An innovative design and development of multilevel inverter for a wind energy conversion system

10.11591/ijaas.v14.i3.pp751-760
Rosaiah Mudigondla , Thiruveedula Madhu Babu , Supriya Dachepalli , Anudeep Panjula , Md Yousuf Ali , Bakam Anirudh
The drawbacks of fossil fuel-based energy sources, including high costs, pollution, scarcity, and environmental damage, highlight how urgent it is to switch to renewable energy sources. Multilevel inverters (MLIs) are currently required for the production of wind electricity. In this research, to get a reduced harmonic distortion, use 31-level inverter based on shifted carrier-pulse width modulation (SC-PWM) is developed for wind power generation using MATLAB/Simulink. It aids in minimizing the total harmonic distortion (THD) to 3.20, and the output voltage is enhanced by the suggested MLI. Wind energy extraction is optimized by combining with a proportional integral derivative (PID) control system. MATLAB/Simulink has been used to make sure the MLI structure and look into the implementation of wind energy conversion systems using a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In order to show that the suggested inverter architecture improves power conversion efficiency and stability in renewable energy systems, the study also examines power efficiency, system dependability, and the viability of large-scale applications. Additionally, the study investigates grid integration, modulation strategies, and switching losses to guarantee increased sustainability, dependability, and efficiency in wind energy applications while lowering operating costs.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 751-760
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Smartphone-based fingerprint authentication using siamese neural networks with ridge flow attention mechanism

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i3.pp1622-1632
Benchergui Malika Imane , Ghazli Abdelkader , Senouci M. Benaoumeur
Authenticating finger photo images captured using a smartphone camera provides a good alternative solution in place of the traditional method-based sensors. This paper introduces a novel approach to enhancing fingerprint authentication by leveraging images captured via a mobile camera. The method employs a siamese neural network (SNN) combined with a ridge flow attention mechanism and convolutional neural networks (CNN). Our approach begins with collecting a dataset consisting of finger images from two individuals then we apply multiple preprocessing techniques to extract fingerprint images, followed by generating augmented data to improve model robustness, scaling, and normalizing them to form images suitable for model training. Next, we generate positive and negative pairs for training a SNN. We used the SNN with CNN for feature extraction, combined with an attention mechanism that focuses on the ridge flow pattern of fingerprints to improve feature relevance which significantly contributed to the performance enhancement. As for the testing performance, our model has an accuracy of 90%, precision of 89%, recall of 83%, F1 score of 86%, area under the curve (AUC) 95 %, and 13% of equal error rate (EER) when using smartphone-captured images for fingerprint recognition.
Volume: 39
Issue: 3
Page: 1622-1632
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Gated dilated causal convolution-based encoder-decoder network for IoT intrusion detection

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp722-732
Aarthi Gopalakrishnan , Sharon Priya Surendran , Aisha Banu Wahab
The internet of things (IoT) is perhaps the greatest modern development, as it affects our daily lives and is rapidly expanding in its application zones. The IoT is used in everyday activities, so security is more crucial because intrusion detection will introduce and eliminate attacks. In this paper, a novel deep learning based intrusion detection technique (DEBIT) has been proposed that detects the intrusion using deep learning techniques efficiently. Initially, the data from IoT user is preprocessed and classified using the novel gated dilated casual convolution based encoder-decoder (GDCC-ED) method, which classifies the data into attack and non-attack. The proposed DEBIT framework has been assessed using a MATLAB simulator. The performance of the proposed DEBIT framework has been assessed based on specific parameters, including recall, detection rate, accuracy, F1 score, and precision. Based on experimental results, the suggested method is 99.5% more accurate than pigeon-inspired optimization (PIO), Res-TranBiLSTM, and blockchain-based African buffalo (BbAB), which are 85.4%, 92.5%, and 85%, respectively.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 722-732
Publish at: 2025-09-01

A smart wearable posture correcting device based on spine curvature and vibration measurement

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i3.pp1514-1524
Jerome Christhudass , Manimegalai Perumal , Kowsalya Balachandran , Sella Dharshini Chella Muthu , Keerthana Balasubramanian
In the United States, aalmost $50 billion is expended in neck pain therapy each year. Poor posture, which affects the primary tendon responsible for reproducing finished tasks on time, has previously been recognized as a major source of upper spine discomfort. The primary objective of this study is to design and develop a device that not only detects deviations in posture but also employs vibration alerts to encourage corrective actions. The methodology involves the integration of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor and a Flex Sensor to measure the angle and position of the spine, enabling real-time posture assessment. Additionally, a Piezo-electric sensor is incorporated to measure the vibration of the user's spine. The device provides real-time feedback via a mobile application to help users maintain optimal posture. Data analysis involved filtering and machine learning-based classification to assess posture deviations. The system demonstrated an accuracy of 90% in classifying posture states, with an average error of 2.7° in spine curvature measurement. This research contributes to the field of wearable technology by offering an innovative solution for posture correction, emphasizing the importance of proactive interventions in fostering healthy habits.
Volume: 39
Issue: 3
Page: 1514-1524
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Effectiveness of dashboard as a work progress scheduling, monitoring, and decision-making in construction projects

10.11591/ijaas.v14.i3.pp878-885
Putri Lynna Adelina Luthan , Nathanael Sitanggang
Scheduling, monitoring, and decision-making are important factors in determining the general achievement of sustainable construction. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a dashboard as a measuring tool for construction project scheduling, monitoring, and decision-making. A survey with a Likert scale (5 scale) on each viewpoint, including planning, oversight, and independent direction, of 15 respondents from project executors and 7 respondents from supervisors was used as instrumentation. The results showed that the dashboard was evaluated with a value of 92.25 among executors and supervisors linked to product characteristics. Executors also used the scheduling dashboard with a value of 91.73, and the feature of employing the concept for supervision was appropriate as a measuring instrument, scoring 92.15. Furthermore, the final step was the aspect of using the dashboard for decision-making, which was tested and used with a value of 88.14. The use dashboard model is an effective tool for work progress scheduling, monitoring, and decision-making in construction projects.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 878-885
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Implementing fuzzy control for a DC-DC boost converter using FPGA

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp656-665
V. Radhika , Karuppannan Srinivasan , R. Kiruba
This research explores the use of field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) to mitigate static voltage errors and reduce voltage spikes in DC-DC boost converters. Given the dynamic nature of the load impedance in these converters, FPGA is well-suited for designing systems with adaptive behavior. The study implements a fuzzy control algorithm on FPGA in a simulation environment with a small sampling period. The parallel processing capability of FPGA enables the simultaneous execution of fuzzy control algorithms, enhancing the system's responsiveness to rapid changes in load conditions. This approach minimizes voltage overshoot and effectively suppresses voltage spikes. By leveraging FPGA’s high-speed parallelism and flexibility, the research demonstrates significant improvements in the dynamic performance of the DC-DC boost converter. The results highlight FPGA’s potential as a robust platform for controlling power electronic systems, ensuring improved stability and efficiency under varying load conditions.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 656-665
Publish at: 2025-09-01

ANFIS and PI based performance analysis of three phase three wire distribution system for THD reduction

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp752-760
Khammampati R. Sreejyothi , J. Jayakumar , P. Venkatesh Kumar
Due to the rising usage of nonlinear loads and power electronic devices in businesses, one of the key power system concerns today is inadequacy of power quality (PQ). This article presents compensation of current harmonics in distribution system in source side by using adaptive neuro fuzzy inferences system (ANFIS) controller. DSTATCOM optimized proportional integral (PI) controller and ANFIS regulator are utilized for DC link voltage regulation. The ANFIS controller showed better performance compared to PI controller during compensating harmonics time. This paper compared two control schemes results PI and ANFIS. Three-phase three-wire inverter is used for DSTATCOM circuit. In the results compared DC capacitor voltage and total harmonic distortion (THD) values of source current. The THD with PI controller is 7.92% while by using ANFIS controller it is reduced to 2.76%. The concert of proposed method is analyzed with MATLAB/Simulink software.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 752-760
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Single photovoltaic panel constant regulated voltage based on modified DC-DC buck-boost converter topology

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp620-630
Ro’ad Baladi Al Komar , Arwindra Rizqiawan
This research proposes a single photovoltaic panel constant regulated voltage based on novel topology. A modified DC-DC buck-boost converter was chosen because characteristics of voltage boost and low input current ripple. A comprehensive analysis of the proposed converter cells was elaborated in this study. Furthermore, a control technique is designed for the proposed converter. A double-loop control method using proportional integral (PI) is employed in this research. The outer loop controls the output voltage, while the inner loop is used to control the inductor current. By employing double-loop control, the presence of ripple current and voltage can be reduced even further. Simulation and experimental results validate the converter’s effectiveness, demonstrating stable voltage output under varying input voltage (33-36 V) and load conditions, maintaining a 40 V output with an overshoot within ±5%. The results show that the modified buck-boost converter can achieve improved efficiency and ripple reduction compared to conventional models, making it a viable solution for renewable energy systems.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 620-630
Publish at: 2025-09-01

AI-driven solutions for Li-ion battery performance and prediction

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp569-578
Sthitprajna Mishra , Chinmoy Kumar Panigrahi , Subhra Debdas , Atri Bandyopadhyay , Srikanth Velpula , Amit Kumar Sahoo , Pabitra Kumar Tripathy
Batteries serve as crucial power sources for essential portable devices like electric vehicles, smartphones, and laptops. The widespread adoption of Li-ion batteries, while beneficial, has unfortunately led to a surge in adverse incidents. The sudden failure of batteries in both industrial and lightweight applications poses significant economic risks across various industries. Consequently, researchers are intensifying their focus on enhancing battery state estimation, management systems, and predicting remaining useful life (RUL). This paper is structured into three main sections. Firstly, it delves into the acquisition of battery data, encompassing both commercially available and freely accessible Li-ion battery datasets. Secondly, the exploration extends to techniques for estimating battery states through advanced battery management systems. The paper investigates battery RUL estimation, categorizing and evaluating diverse prognostic methods applied to Li-ion batteries based on crucial performance parameters. The review includes scrutiny of commercially and publicly available datasets for various battery models and conditions, considering different battery states and the role of advanced battery management system (BMS). In the final section, the paper concludes with a comparative analysis of Li-ion battery RUL prediction, incorporating exploration into various RUL prediction algorithms, and mathematical models, and introducing an AI-based cloud monitoring system.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 569-578
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Optimum control and design of a small hydro power plant for agriculture investment in Iraqi desert

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp560-568
Jamal Ahmed Hameed , Thamir Hassan Atyia , Saba Fadhil Ahmed Jaf , Zubaidah Ghaze Abdulkareem , Ghanim Thiab Hasan
The aim of this paper is to conduct a mathematical and physical analysis to get a systematic treatment of design parameters and thus optimize water wheels. By today's standards, one finds empirical formulas instead, which take into account the practical experience of previous constructions, estimates of particular wheelbase shapes and sizes. So, based on the basic design and optimization standards for water wheels implementation, this paper attempts to design a water wheel power source in desert areas. Since the water wheels mainly use the gravitational force of water, there is only a slight hydrodynamic power losses. In addition to the high torque due to the large inertia of the water wheel. The obtained results indicate that the optimum operating range of the trailing water wheels is at a diameter of (2-7 m) and the Q water flow of about (0.1 m3/s). So, it can conclude that the implementing design has good efficiency and offer an economic benefit when use for the agriculture investment in desert areas.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 560-568
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Enhanced multi-mode control of Z-source virtual synchronous generator for photovoltaic systems using fuzzy logic controller

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp701-711
Vempalle Rafi , Pradyumna Kumar Dhal , Shaik Hussain Vali , Sadhu Radha Krishna , Uppuluri Suryavalli , S. Vinoth John Prakash
An enhanced multi-mode control solution for a Z-source virtual synchronous generator (ZVSG) that makes use of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is proposed by this study for use in photovoltaic (PV) systems. As a potential grid integration option for PV systems, the ZVSG has great potential due to its steady and adjustable power production. A stable voltage and frequency output can be maintained by the ZVSG when it is running in a variety of modes, such as grid-connected, standalone, and islanding, according to the control approach that has been provided. The FLC is used for the purpose of controlling the switching frequency of the ZVSG as well as the DC-link voltage. The performance of the ZVSG is improved by the FLC-based control approach that has been proposed. This technique reduces the steady state error and offers a rapid dynamic response. The results of the simulation show that the recommendation for a control approach improves the performance of the ZVSG across a wide variety of operating modes and load conditions.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 701-711
Publish at: 2025-09-01
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