Articles

Access the latest knowledge in applied science, electrical engineering, computer science and information technology, education, and health.

Filter Icon

Filters article

Years

FAQ Arrow
0
0

Source Title

FAQ Arrow

Authors

FAQ Arrow

29,922 Article Results

Integrating smart technologies for sustainable crop management in hydroponics

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp39-45
Jeyaprakash N. , Jayachandran M. , Poornavikash T.
Hydroponics has become a game-changing technique in agriculture's constantly changing terrain, upending traditional soil-based farming. The smart hydroponics management system, a cutting-edge method intended to maximize plant development and resource use, is presented in this study. The approach aims to push the limits of conventional farming, drawing inspiration from sustainable horticultural concepts as well as the principles described in Howard M. Resh's book on hydroponic production. This abstract integrates cuttingedge sensor technology and automation methodologies to capture the core of the smart hydroponics management system. It presents the system as a complete answer to the problems facing modern agriculture, rather than just a technique of cultivation. By drawing comparisons with seminal works in computer vision, the unique character of the system is highlighted, demonstrating a dedication to advanced and flexible agricultural techniques.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 39-45
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Neurophysiological impact of Vedic chanting on human brainwaves: a spectral electroencephalogram analysis using Gabor transform

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp276-286
Veera Raghava Nalluri , V. J. K. Kishor Sonti
Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis explores brainwave changes resulting from Vedic chanting (VC) in this experimental study. In this study participants received Vedic recitations from the Rig Veda (RV), Yajur Veda (YV), Sama Veda (SV), and Atharva Veda (AV) which were evaluated through alpha wave (8-12 Hz) measurement to evaluate relaxation response effects known to cause cognitive relaxation and mindfulness. The research captured EEG signals from twenty participants who belonged to four age categories between twenty and fifty years using a fourteen-channel EEG recording system. The signals underwent wavelet-based denoising procedures and Gabor transform (GT) enabled their spectral analysis. Scientists calculated the relaxation factor (RF) for understanding Vedic chant effects on human beings. Vedic Sama provided maximum relaxation effects leading to a 25% RF enhancement whereas YV produced a 20% increase and RV generated 15% enhancement and AV yielded 10% relaxation. The participants between 30 and 45 years old experienced the largest relaxation effects yet their left-brain hemisphere enhanced alpha waves stronger than their right brain region. The statistical methods supported that these results showed meaningful variations. Neural relaxation results from VC practice according to research evidence which shows SV provides the most powerful relaxation effects.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 276-286
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Optimizing solar energy forecasting and site adjustment with machine learning techniques

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp384-392
Debani Prasad Mishra , Jayanta Kumar Sahu , Soubhagya Ranjan Nayak , Anurag Panda , Priyanshu Paramjit Dash , Surender Reddy Salkuti
Estimation of solar radiation is a key task in optimizing the operation of power systems incorporating high levels of photovoltaic (PV) generation. This paper discusses the application of machine learning techniques, namely extreme gradient boosting (XGBT) and random forest (RF), to improve accuracy in the forecasting of solar radiation while adapting for different sites. Utilizing datasets such as meteorological and solar radiation data, the suggested models demonstrate the enhancement of forecasting accuracy by 39% from traditionally applied statistical practices. Along with this, this study also encompasses how endogenous and exogenous factors could be involved in better predictions of solar energy availability. From our findings, XGBT, as well as other machine learning techniques, do enjoy superior performance levels when it comes to the forecasting of solar radiation, which in turn promotes efficient management and potential adaptation of solar energy systems. This study demonstrates how this last generation of algorithms could be applied to noticeably improve the efficiency of solar power forecasting and thereby contribute to more sustainable and reliable energy systems as a byproduct of that.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 384-392
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Adaptive intrusion detection system with DBSCAN to enhance banking cybersecurity

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp247-256
Sathiyaseelan Periyasamy , Anubhav Kumar , Karupusamy Muthulakshmi , Thenmozhi Elumalai , Prabu Kaliyaperumal , Rajakumar Perumal
The accelerating pace of digital transformation in the banking sector has highlighted the critical need for comprehensive cybersecurity strategies capable of countering evolving cyber threats. This study introduces an innovative intrusion detection framework tailored for banking environments, leveraging the CICIDS2017 and CSECICIDS2018 datasets for evaluation and validation. The proposed framework integrates data preprocessing, feature reduction, and advanced attack detection methods to enhance detection accuracy. A basic autoencoder is utilized for dimensionality reduction, streamlining input data while preserving essential attributes. The density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is then applied for attack detection, enabling the detection of intricate attack patterns and their classification into specific attack groups. The proposed adaptive intrusion detection system (IDS) framework demonstrates outstanding performance, achieving precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy rates exceeding 98%. Comparative evaluations against conventional techniques, such as support vector machines (SVM), long short-term memory (LSTM), and K-means, highlight its superiority in terms accuracy and computational efficiency. This research address key challenges, including high-dimensional datasets, class imbalance, and dynamic threat landscapes, offering a scalable and efficient solution to enhance the security of banking operations and enable proactive threat mitigation in the sector.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 247-256
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Video-based physical violence detection model for efficient public space surveillance

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp161-170
Erick Erick , Benfano Soewito
This study aims to develop an effective real-time model for detecting violence in public spaces, focusing on achieving a balance between accuracy and computational efficiency. We evaluate various model architectures, with the main comparison between the ConvLSTM2D and Conv3D models commonly used in video analysis to capture spatial and temporal features. The ConvLSTM2D model, combined with preprocessing layers such as change detection and motion blur, showed optimal performance, achieving 86% accuracy after Bayesian optimization. With a low parameter count of 25,137, this model enables fast inference in just 0.010 seconds, making it suitable for real-time applications that require efficient computation. In contrast, the Conv3D model, which is also combined with preprocessing layers such as change detection and motion blur and has more than nine million parameters, shows a lower accuracy of 77.5% as well as a slower inference time of 0.025 seconds, making it unsuitable for real-time applications. The results of this study show that the ConvLSTM2D model is promising for real-time violence detection systems in public spaces, where a fast and accurate response is essential to prevent further acts of violence.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 161-170
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Analysis of different converter topologies for EV applications

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp518-532
Bodapati Venkata Rajanna , Kondragunta Rama Krishnaiah , Sakimalla Prabhakar Girija , Shaik Hasane Ahammad , Mohammad Najumunnisa , Syed Inthiyaz , Gouthami Eragamreddy , Giriprasad Ambati , Nitalaksheswara Rao Kolukula
Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining global prominence due to their high efficiency, low noise, and minimal carbon emissions. A critical aspect of EV performance lies in the interaction between energy storage systems (ESS) and power converters. Nonetheless, power delivery from storage units tends to be unreliable and needs strong converter units for effective and stable energy transmission. Several forms of direct current-to-direct current conversion systems used in electric vehicles are thoroughly examined in the paper, including both isolated and non-isolated designs such as those with the cuk, flyback, and push-pull architectures. The paper looks at converter categorization, control methods such as proportional-integral and artificial neural networks, as well as the method of modulation using unipolar and bipolar sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (PWM). Additionally, the role of optimization algorithms in improving converter performance is explored. Simulations were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate each topology under varying load and input voltage conditions. The results demonstrate that the Push-Pull converter has the best efficiency for high-power applications, while the Cuk and Flyback converters are best for applications requiring continuous current and low-power, compact designs, respectively. This research offers insights for choosing optimal converter structures to improve energy efficiency and reliability of systems in electric vehicles.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 518-532
Publish at: 2026-03-01

D-STATCOM control for distribution grids with distributed sources based on MMC structure using FCS-MPC algorithm

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp425-437
Pham Viet Phuong , Le Hoai Nam , Pham Chi Hieu , Tran Hung Cuong
This paper proposes a D-STATCOM structure based on a modular multilevel converter (MMC) with the use of FCS-MPC control method for the purpose of compensating reactive power and stabilizing voltage in the distribution grid. The D-STATCOM is effectively used in cases involving non-sinusoidal and unstable voltages, which often occur in the distribution grid due to the effects of unbalanced nonlinear loads and power injection from renewable energy systems. The proposed structure also has the capability of reactive power compensating flexibility in fault conditions to stabilize the grid voltage. In this paper, a new control strategy, which is based on the combination of an outer PI controller and an inner FCS-MPC controller, was introduced. The outer PI controller is used to reduce static deviations in control values and to provide a reference value for the FCS-MPC controller. The inner FCS-MPC controller calculates the optimal switching state for the purpose of reducing the switching frequency of the MMC. The implementation process begins with the construction of a mathematical model and a control model. Simulations were carried out by MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the responsiveness of the control algorithm and the performance of D-STATCOM under the conditions of non-sinusoidal and unstable voltages.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 425-437
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Modeling of solar and wind energy using MATLAB/Simulink: a review

10.11591/ijaas.v15.i1.pp107-122
Nicholas Pranata , Fahmy Rinanda Saputri
This paper presents a concise review of solar (photovoltaic (PV)) and wind (horizontal axis) energy systems, focusing on their modeling and simulation using MATLAB)/Simulink. The advantages, disadvantages, strengths, and weaknesses of each system are discussed, providing a comprehensive overview of their characteristics. The review explores the mathematical modeling approaches for PV cells and modules specific for single diode model, as well as horizontal-axis wind turbine systems, highlighting the key equations and parameters involved. Furthermore, the paper discusses the emerging trend of hybrid solar-wind energy systems and their potential for optimizing power output, efficiency, and reliability. The review emphasizes the importance of accurate modeling based on fundamental knowledge, which serves as a practical implication for readers to understand the mechanism. Future research directions and challenges in the field of renewable energy modeling and simulation are also outlined. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and decision-makers involved in the development and implementation of solar and wind energy systems.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 107-122
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Lightweight deep learning approach for retinal OCT image classification: A CNN with hybrid pooling and optimized learning

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp414-427
Parth R. Dave , Nikunj H. Domadiya
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive technique through which a retina specialist can see the structure behind the eye. This technol ogy offers a key role to identify various abnormalities in the retina: Drusen, diabetic macular edema (DME) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). However, manual analysis of OCT scans can be time-consuming and prone to variability among clinicians. To address this challenge, we present a lightweight and explainable deep learning-based approach for automatic classification of retinal OCT images. The primary goal of this research is a model that delivers high diagnostic accuracy. A computer-aided suggestive method can help retinal doctors automatically classify the anomalies with more confidence and precision. In this paper, we proposed a novel approach based on deep learning: a six-layer convolutional neural network (CNN) integrated with hybrid pooling for effective feature extraction. Data augmentation and exponential learning rate is implemented to handle data imbalance between classes and for stabilized learning consecutively. Our proposed approach achieved 98.75% of accuracy while testing on the dataset. To further enhance the interpretability of the model, we also integrate explainable AI (XAI) using class activation mapping (CAM) to visualize the critical regions in the retina that contribute to the classification decisions.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 414-427
Publish at: 2026-03-01

A survey on fronthaul signaling of user-centric cell-free massive MIMO networks

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp302-312
Syed Tariq Ali , Anamika Singh
The mandate for high data rates in mobile communication is increasing and will continue to do so in the future. Although the latest network technologies can meet this demand, they result in more-dense networks. Networks like ultra-dense networks and massive multiple-input multiple-output provide very high data rates, but they cannot meet the future demand. The main issue with existing networks is inter-cell interference and variations in quality of service esp. at the cell edges, leading to research on new network architectures that offer intelligent coordination and collaboration capabilities are being researched, like user-centric cell-free (UC-CF) massive-multipleinput-multiple-output (mMIMO). This network combines the best of ultradense networks and mMIMO and eliminates cell edge problems. It is served by access points that cooperate and coordinate with each other. This paper reviews the challenges and opportunities in physical layer parameterfronthaul signaling for UC-CF mMIMO. We discuss the basics of the network, the importance of fronthaul signaling, and propose various approaches in the literature to address challenges and identify research gaps and provide future directions. Our aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of fronthaul signaling and highlight the key issues that need to be addressed to realize its full potential.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 302-312
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Digital platforms and cloud computing for smart cities: a review

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp30-38
William Christopher Immanuel , Anitha Juliette Albert , Limsa Joshi Jerald Jobitham , Roselene Rebecca Selvaraj , Benita Sharon Ruban , Bennet Vini Robin , Andria Morais Allen
The rapid urbanization of the modern world initiated the emergence of digital cities, where advanced technologies converge to optimize urban living and address the limitations of a rapidly growing population. Central to this transformation are digital platforms and cloud computing. These interconnected technologies aid in shaping the future of urban landscapes, fostering sustainability, efficiency, and improved quality of life. Digital platforms serve as the backbone of smart cities, enabling seamless integration and management of various urban services and systems. One significant application of digital platforms in smart cities is the implementation of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). By integrating real-time traffic data, public transit information, and ride-sharing services, these platforms facilitate efficient transportation management, reduce congestion, and decrease carbon emissions. Cloud computing serves as a key enabler for managing the massive data flows generated by smart city infrastructures. The scalability and flexibility offered by cloud-based solutions allow cities to manage their resources efficiently and access computing power on demand without the need for extensive physical infrastructure. Cloud computing enhances smart city development by enabling collaborative data access and interaction among diverse stakeholders, from government agencies to private firms and residents.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 30-38
Publish at: 2026-03-01

A unified intelligent AI platform for resolving citizens' queries related to beneficiary service using AI -Powered chatbots a practical apparoach

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp267-275
Parveen Mehta , Shweta Bansal
The daily many rural citizens visit government offices to inquire about beneficiary services that support poor and illiterate citizens. However, without proper knowledge, many eligible citizens fail to benefit from these services. In the artificial intelligence (AI) era, AI-powered chatbots, such as AI agents, can provide valuable support to the villagers and provide them with complete information at their door step. In this paper, a proposed framework, using a chatbot, to reduce the communication gap between citizens and government officials to improve service delivery performance. This chatbot is developed by using a built large language model, python libraries, fast API, and mongodb data base. Our findings demonstrate the challenges of imbalanced data and suggest improvements for future implementations. The system enhances service delivery by automating eligibility checks and reducing office visit frequency by up to 60%.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 267-275
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Self-adaptive firefly algorithm-based capacitor banks and distributed generation allocation in hybrid networks

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp374-383
Seong-Cheol Kim , Sravanthi Pagidipala , Surender Reddy Salkuti
Power system deregulation has made significant changes to the power grid through various technologies, privatization of entities, and improved efficiency and reliability. This work mainly focuses on different combinations of distributed generation (DG) and capacitor banks (CBs) integration to cater to multiple technical, economic, environmental, and reliable concerns. A new optimal planning framework is proposed for optimally allocating the DG units and CBs to achieve multiple objectives. In this work, an augmented objective function is formulated by considering active power losses, voltage deviation, and voltage stability index objectives. This objective function is solved considering various equality and inequality constraints. This work proposes a novel approach for allocation of DGs and CBs in the radial distribution systems (RDSs) using an evolutionary-based self-adaptive firefly algorithm (SAFA). The effectiveness of the developed planning approach is demonstrated on IEEE 33 bus RDS in MATLAB software. The obtained results indicate that proposed planning approach resulted in reduced power losses, voltage deviations, and improved voltage stability.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 374-383
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Renewable energy optimization for sustainable power generation

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp365-373
Debani Prasad Mishra , Sarita Samal , Rohit Kumar , Arun Kumar Sahoo , Surender Reddy Salkuti
To improve sustainability in power generation, this study presents a thorough data-driven method for maximizing renewable energy sources. It employs measures like capacity utilization factor (CUF) and efficiency to evaluate the performance of solar and wind energy using historical weather and energy-generating data. The study offers practical suggestions for improving renewable energy systems, such as weather-energy correlation analysis and machine learning-based forecasting models. In addition, a comparative analysis is carried out to ascertain which energy source is better, and useful real-world data is provided, including a summary of all India’s total renewable energy generation (excluding large hydro) for June 2023 and a performance comparison year over year. A useful, data-driven approach for enhancing renewable energy is provided by this work, which advances the topic of sustainable energy.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 365-373
Publish at: 2026-03-01

A high linearity low noise amplifier with modified differential inductor for bluetooth profiles

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp323-331
Ghattamaneni Usharani , Sourirajan Varadarajan
In today’s rapidly evolving communication landscape, electronic devices rely heavily on high-performance components to ensure seamless connectivity. A low-noise amplifier (LNA) is a critical front-end element in any receiver chain, where its performance significantly influences the overall system efficiency. As integrated circuits continue to shrink with advancements in technology, challenges such as linearity degradation have become increasingly prominent. This work presents a modified derivative (MD) narrowband common source low-noise amplifier (CSLNA) designed using 0.13 µm CMOS technology, offering improved linearity and frequency characteristics. The proposed design adopts a hybrid architecture, combining a folded cascode gain stage with a common-gate configuration. An optimized modified differential inductor is employed at the input for effective impedance matching and reduced noise figure (NF). The implemented LNA achieves a gain of 25.81 dB, an input return loss of –24.86 dB, and maintains a low NF of 0.3 dB at an operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. Furthermore, the linearity metrics-third-order input intercept point (IIP3) and 1 dB compression pointare significantly improved to –16.70 dBm and –21.89 dBm, respectively. These results highlight the LNA's suitability for Bluetooth and other shortrange wireless communication applications.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 323-331
Publish at: 2026-03-01
Show 36 of 1995

Discover Our Library

Embark on a journey through our expansive collection of articles and let curiosity lead your path to innovation.

Explore Now
Library 3D Ilustration